2010-2019年我国中青年脑卒中危险因素研究的文献计量分析

目的 探索我国中青年脑卒中危险因素研究现状和发展趋势,为临床早期干预中青年脑卒中危险因素提供指导与参考依据.方法 检索2010年1月至2019年12月期间发表在中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库及维普中文科技期刊数据库的中青年脑卒中危险因素研究的相关文献,对文献文题、作者、发表年份、研究机构、期刊分布、基金资助情况、关键词及危险因素等进行文献计量分析.结果 共纳入124篇文献,近10年研究呈减弱趋势,发表于94种期刊,护理类期刊仅有1篇,具有基金资助的有14篇,出现>10次的高频危险因素包括11个.结论 对中青年脑卒中危险因素的研究逐年减弱,缺乏护理类期刊,未来需加大中青年脑卒中危险因素研究的相关内容与深度.     

近10年国内老年血液透析研究热点的可视化分析

目的:分析我国老年血液透析患者的研究现状、热点及趋势。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库近10年发表的老年血液透析相关文献,应用CiteSpace 6.2.R7对相关研究的作者、研究机构、关键词进行可视化分析。结果:检索出符合要求的文献1 545篇,文献发文量保持平稳增长,2018年为发文高峰;发文期刊多为医疗类期刊,发文量最多的作者为罗洋、陈文和郭一丹,各6篇;发文量较多的地区集中在北京、上海、南京和四川。老年血液透析研究热点集中在治疗、用药、预后和并发症的管理。结论:老年血液透析研究内容较广泛、热点不突出;研究领域内作者及机构合作不紧密,未形成稳定的核心作者群;目前的研究水平发展较不均衡,护理研究内容和质量有待加强。     

国内公共卫生研究领域系统评价/Meta分析的质量评价

目的评价国内发表的公共卫生领域6种重要疾病防治的系统评价/Meta分析的方法学和发表质量。方法计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方医药期刊数据库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库及中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时间从建库至2010年6月,查找涉及肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心血管疾病、乙肝、结核病以及艾滋病等6种重要疾病防治的系统评价或Meta分析的中文文献,由两名研究人员独立筛查文献,并采用OQAQ和PRISMA评价量表对文献的方法学质量和发表质量进行评价,而后交叉核对,如遇分歧讨论解决。结果共纳入139篇文献,包括32篇系统评价,107篇Meta分析,文献方法学质量评分最高6.5分,最低1.5分,平均4.66±0.92分。无一篇文献符合全部9个条目的要求,主要存在资料检索不全面、资料的选择偏倚控制不足、对纳入的原始研究缺乏严格的质量评价等问题。报告质量评分平均为15.28±2.91分,其主要问题表现在摘要、资料收集及分析方法、偏倚控制及总结等方面报道不全面。结论目前国内公卫研究领域已发表的肿瘤、心脑血管疾病等6种重要疾病防治的系统评价/Meta分析的方法学质量及报告质量尚存在不同程度的问题,需要进一步提高方法学水平和规范发表。     

护理工作环境领域研究现状的文献计量学分析

目的探讨我国对护理工作环境的研究现状。方法通过检索被中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库所收录期刊发表的护理工作环境领域论文,采用Bicomb书目共现分析软件提取数据,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行聚类分析,对文献进行计量学分析。结果检索出符合要求的文献340篇,年发表文献数量总体呈上升趋势,2016年为发文高峰;核心作者有4名,共发文17篇,合作度为2.69;关键词聚类结果可分为3类,研究内容比较广泛。结论护理工作环境越来越受到护理界的重视,但相关研究群体仍需进一步发展,且研究热点不显著,有待进一步加强。     

基于CiteSpace的我国护士多点执业研究热点的可视化分析

目的基于中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普数据库, 分析我国护士多点执业研究现状、热点及发展趋势, 为我国护士多点执业研究的发展提供借鉴和参考。方法运用CiteSpace 5.1.R6软件, 从文献年度发文量、作者、机构、期刊来源、高频关键词、关键词聚类及关键词突现词7个方面对数据库中与护士多点执业相关的研究进行可视化分析。检索时限为建库至2021年12月31日。结果共纳入100篇文献, 文献年度发文量呈逐渐上升趋势, 但总量偏低;发文作者中孙鸿燕发表11篇, 位居第1名;发文机构共88家, 各机构间的合作交流少, 发文机构以高校或者其附属医院为主要依托单位。期刊来源主要是护理类期刊。关键词共125个, 聚类结果显示护士多点执业研究主要包括上门服务、执业注册、网约护士、意愿、护理质量、影响因素等;关键词突现结果显示, 影响因素、护理质量、互联网+、护理服务的研究热度自2020年起持续至今, 在未来几年可能继续成为研究热点。结论我国护士多点执业尚处于探索阶段, 研究内容停留在理论层面, 缺乏实证性研究。     

中医护理质量评价体系构建与应用的文献计量学分析

目的 对我国中医护理质量评价体系构建与应用的相关文献进行计量学分析.方法 计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库和万方数据知识服务平台建库至2019年1月31日关于中医护理质量评价体系构建与应用的文献,利用Note-Express软件去重,Excel软件建立数据库,对其年度分布、第一作者发文地区、机构分布、期刊分布、被引频次、基...     

我国老年患者关节置换术围手术期护理的文献计量分析

目的 使用文献计量法对我国老年患者关节置换术围手术期护理的研究进行分析.方法 对中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统进行检索,检索时间为建库至2019年.结果 共检索到666篇文献,发文量呈现先上升再递减趋势.文献共发表在231种期刊上,期刊平均发文量为2.88篇,文献合作度为1.82.发文量最多的...     

国内护理缺失研究文献计量学分析

[目的]了解护理缺失研究特点及发展趋势,为护理缺失深入研究提供参考。[方法]在中文期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台、维普全文数据库进行检索,对建库至2019年11月国内护理缺失文献从发表时间、文献数量分布、研究方法等进行计量学分析。[结果]共检索到相关文献231篇,其中硕士论文2篇,会议论文4篇,发表在118种期刊上,平均发文量1.91篇,涉及作者524人,课题基金的文章共33篇,涉及护理中的人文关怀、护理教学等方面。涵盖了调查分析、品管圈、质性研究、综述等文章书写类型。[结论]护理缺失已经成为全球关注的问题,不容忽视。护理缺失除了深入研究外,还需提高研究质量,充分运用研究结果指导临床工作,促进护理质量的整体提升。     

我国肝癌介入治疗护理研究的文献计量学分析

目的:系统分析我国肝癌介入治疗护理的研究现状,为该领域研究提供参考.方法:检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和万方数据库,运用文献计量学分析方法对我国肝癌介入治疗护理研究文献的发表时间、期刊、作者、基金、机构、地区、文献被引频次、研究内容等进行分析,运用CiteSpace 5.2对高频关键词进行统计.结果:共检索出符合要求文献1663篇,发文量缓慢增加后曲折上升,近几年趋于平稳;文献分布于355种期刊,《齐鲁护理杂志》载文量最多,但是仅17篇研究论文获得资金资助;文献发表地区主要为江苏省、山东省和河南省,发表机构前3名依次为吉林省肿瘤医院、大庆市第二医院及海军军医大学第三附属医院;研究内容主要集中在肝癌病人行介入治疗后并发症的护理、药物不良反应护理、心理护理、循证护理、临床护理路径、病人健康教育及生活质量等.结论:我国肝癌介入治疗护理研究总体发展趋势平稳,研究内容覆盖较广,但研究水平整体偏低,应加大科研基金投入力度,同时加强地区间、机构间、作者间的合作,创新肝癌介入治疗护理模式,提升研究设计水平.     

基于CiteSpace的我国近10年2型糖尿病中医护理研究热点的可视化分析

目的:对近10年国内2型糖尿病中医护理的研究现状、热点和未来发展趋势进行可视化分析,为国内该研究领域提供参考。方法:以中国知网数据库为主,检索2013年1月1日—2022年11月1日收录在该数据库中与2型糖尿病中医护理相关的文献,以检索到的相关文献作为本研究的资料来源,采用CiteSpace 6.1.3可视化软件绘制图谱,对2型糖尿病中医护理相关文献的年度发文量、作者、机构和关键词进行分析探讨。结果:共纳入有效中文文献142篇,总体来说,国内2型糖尿病中医护理相关文献发文量趋势不稳定,其中发文量在2017年达高峰,随后几年逐渐减少,发文量≥2篇的作者共11人,其他作者均为1篇,频次较低。其中发文量最多的机构是安徽中医药大学第一附属医院和福建中医药大学附属人民医院,均为3篇,但与其他研究机构未生成合作群,缺少跨地区交流与合作。关键词聚类有10个,突现词共7个。结论:近10年来,国内在本研究领域的关注度不高,发文量不稳定,不同机构、不同地区作者之间合作不够紧密,交流甚少。目前2型糖尿病中医护理的研究热点主要在病人生活质量、血糖方面,但是这方面病理机制研究甚少,发表在核心期刊的护理文章不多,...     

临床营养治疗全身炎症反应综合征的疗效和安全性的系统评价

目的系统评价各种临床营养支持方案对全身炎症反应综合征(systematic inflammatory responsc syndrome, SIRS)的疗效和安全性.方法计算机检索MEDLINE(1996～2004.11)、EMBASE(1984～2002.11)、Cochrane 临床对照试验资料库(2004年第4期)、中国Cochrane中心临床对照实验资料数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(1978～2004.11),手工检索纳入试验的所有中文及外文文献及相关文献,收集所有对SIRS进行临床营养支持的随机对照试验,对其逐个进行方法学质量评价,并用RevMan 4.2.7进行Meta分析.结果共纳入6个随机对照试验,353例使用临床营养治疗的SIRS患者. ①在改善SIRS的病死率方面,谷氨酰胺、硒等临床营养干预各有1个研究报道.结果显示:与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义[RR 1.19, 95%CI (0.59,2.41) 和RR 0.67, 95%CI (0.31,1.32)]; ②仅有1个研究报告了谷氨酰胺干预可以降低SIRS院内感染发生率,与对照组比较其差异有统计学意义[RR 0.5, 95%CI (0.27,0.91)],但不能降低多器官功能障碍综合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MODS)的发生率[RR 1.53, 95%CI (0.64,3.66)]; ③分别有1个和2个研究报告了谷氨酰胺及低热卡摄入对危重病病情(APACHE评分分数的降低值)的改善,与对照组比较,其差异有统计学意义[WMD 4.0, 95%CI (2.36,5.64) 和WMD 4.9, 95%CI (1.76,8.04)]; ④ 1个研究发现,低热卡摄入及FGX混合液与常规营养支持相比能降低高甘油脂、高血糖并发症[低热卡摄入, 其WMD (95%CI) 分别为 -0.70 (-1.20, -0.20) 和-1.80 (-2.42,-1.16);P均<0.01]; ⑤ 2个研究报告了谷氨酰胺可能可以提高SIRS病人血浆IgG水平,提高机体免疫力,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义[WMD 4.20, 95%CI (2.23,6.16)]; ⑥谷氨酰胺、低热卡摄入、硒补充、fructose-glucose-xylitol(FGX)混合液对氮平衡,或肠通透性、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白等的改善与对照组比较,其差异无统计学意义.结论现有的有限证据表明,谷氨酰胺、低热卡摄入、硒和FGX混合液等可以部分降低SIRS患者的感染并发症或代谢并发症,但不能得出其在降低病死率、MODS发生率上优于对照干预措施的结论;需要更多设计良好的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验加以证实.     

Effects of Hypertonic Dextrose Injection (Prolotherapy) in Lateral Elbow Tendinosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness of hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy (DPT) on pain intensity and physical functioning in patients with lateral elbow tendinosis (LET) compared with other active non-surgical treatments.Data SourcesSystematic search of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, Dimensions, Global Health, NHS Health Technology Assessment, Allied and Complementary Medicine, and OVID nursing database from inception to June 15, 2021, without language restrictions.Study SelectionTwo reviewers independently identified parallel or crossover randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of DPT in LET. The search identified 245 records; data from 8 studies (354 patients) were included.Data ExtractionTwo reviewers independently extracted data and assessed included studies. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to evaluate risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to assess quality of the evidence.Data SynthesisPooled results favored the use of DPT in reducing tennis elbow pain intensity compared with active controls at 12 weeks postenrollment, with a standardized mean difference of ?0.44 (95% confidence interval, ?0.88 to ?0.01, P=.04) and of moderate heterogeneity (I²=49%). Pooled results also favored the use of DPT on physical functioning compared with active controls at 12 weeks, with Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores achieving a mean difference of ?15.04 (95% confidence interval, ?20.25 to ?9.82, P<.001) and of low heterogeneity (I²=0.0%). No major related adverse events have been reported.ConclusionsDPT is superior to active controls at 12 weeks for decreasing pain intensity and functioning by margins that meet criteria for clinical relevance in the treatment of LET. Although existing studies are too small to assess rare adverse events, for patients with LET, especially those refractory to first-line treatments, DPT can be considered a nonsurgical treatment option in carefully selected patients. Further high-quality trials with comparison with other injection therapies are needed.     

国际Cochrane协作网方法学组简介

本文主要介绍了Cochrane协作网先后成立的11个方法学组相关研究的目的和内容,以期更多的人关注系统评价方法学研究.     

科学进展:系统评价填补空白

1993年,Cochrane协作网,一个旨在生产、更新和传播系统评价的国际性非赢利组织建立。几年后,即1999年,中国Cochrane中心在成都建立,其旨在对①有意做系统评价的研究者和②有意在日常实践中使用系统评价结果的决策者和实践者提供支持。我们检索了PubMed和中国Cochrane中心数据库,以获取在1990～2006年间以中文发表的论文和系统评价数据。虽然从2000年开始,系统评价大量增加,但其占从PubMed检索到的论文总数的比例仍然不高。     

超声心动图Tei指数评价系统性硬皮病患者的心脏病变

目的:探讨超声心动图Tei指数评价系统性硬皮病患者心脏病变的临床价值。方法:A组,12例系统性硬皮病患者(有临床心脏病变表现);B组,16例系统性硬皮病患者(元临床心脏病变表现);C组,14例正常对照组;以上研究对象均运用常规超声心动图测量Tei指数。结果:A组Tei指数较B组和c组延长(0.55±0.25,0.36±0.09和0.36±0.05,P值均<0.05)。结论:Tei指数能简便、综合评价系统性硬皮病患者心脏病变,反映系统性硬皮病患者心脏受累情况。     

对动物实验进行系统评价的必要性

过去10到15年，系统评价已被公认是客观地合成和评价某一特定领域研究发现的最佳手段。系统评价作为一个强大的工具，能够系统地评价一个特定领域的证据质量和确认哪个领域可能证据充分或缺乏。恰当的Meta分析能够增加对治疗效果评价的准确性，并能减少假阴性结果的可能性。     

循证护理研究状况调查分析

目的探讨我国循证护理研究的相关情况。方法对1994～2004年统计源期刊中9种杂志刊登循证护理论文进行检索．并分析结果。结果统计源期刊中刊登循证护理文献111篇,刊载的循证护理文献数量逐年递增,由2001年的3篇猛增至2004年的58篇,内容涉及护理工作的各个方面。循证护理文献质量评价、专家意见及无对照的病例观察89篇,高质量的系统评价仪9篇。结论循证护理在我国发展迅速,我国正处于将循证护理引入护理实践的阶段,发展中尚存在一些难点．循证护理实践方法有待进一步加强。     

Echinacea for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundEchinacea preparations are commonly used to prevent and treat upper respiratory tract infection.ObjectivesTo assess current evidence for the safety and efficacy of echinacea containing preparations in preventing and treating upper respiratory tract infection.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, CAB extracts, Web of Science, Cochrane DARE, clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO ICTRP – 1980 to present day.Eligibility criteriaRandomised double-blind placebo-controlled trials using an echinacea preparation to prevent or treat upper respiratory tract infections.Participants and interventionsParticipants who are otherwise healthy of any age and sex. We considered any echinacea containing preparation.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsWe used the Cochrane collaborations tool for quality assessment of included studies and performed three meta-analyses; on the prevention, duration and safety of echinacea.ResultsFor the prevention of upper respiratory tract infection using echinacea we found a risk ratio of 0.78 [95% CI 0.68–0.88], for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection using echinacea we found a mean difference in average duration of −0.45 [95% 1.85–0.94] days, finally for the safety meta-analyses we found a risk ratio of 1.09 [95% CI 0.95–1.25].LimitationsThe limitations of our review include the clinical heterogeneity – for example many different preparations were tested, the risk of selective reporting, deviations from our protocol and lack of contact with study authors.ConclusionsOur review presents evidence that echinacea might have a preventative effect on the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections but whether this effect is clinically meaningful is debatable. We did not find any evidence for an effect on the duration of upper respiratory tract infections. Regarding the safety of echinacea no risk is apparent in the short term at least. The strength of these conclusions is limited by the risk of selective reporting and methodological heterogeneity.Implications of key findingsBased on the results of this review users of echinacea can be assured that echinacea preparations are safe to consume in the short term however they should not be confident that commercially available remedies are likely to shorten the duration or effectively prevent URTI. Researchers interested in the potential preventative effects of echinacea identified in this study should aim to increase the methodological strength of any further trials.PROSPERO IDCRD42018090783.     

Evidence on yoga for health: A bibliometric analysis of systematic reviews

ObjectiveTo support the research agenda in yoga for health by comprehensively identifying systematic reviews of yoga for health outcomes and conducting a bibliometric analysis to describe their publication characteristics and topic coverage.MethodsWe searched 7 databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AMED, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PROSPERO) from their inception to November 2019 and 1 database (INDMED) from inception to January 2017. Two authors independently screened each record for inclusion and one author extracted publication characteristics and topics of included reviews.ResultsWe retrieved 2710 records and included 322 systematic reviews. 157 reviews were exclusively on yoga, and 165 were on yoga as one of a larger class of interventions (e.g., exercise). Most reviews were published in 2012 or later (260/322; 81 %). First/corresponding authors were from 32 different countries; three-quarters were from the USA, Germany, China, Australia, the UK or Canada (240/322; 75 %). Reviews were most frequently published in speciality journals (161/322; 50 %) complementary medicine journals (66/322; 20 %) or systematic review journals (59/322; 18 %). Almost all were present in MEDLINE (296/322; 92 %). Reviews were most often funded by government or non-profits (134/322; 42 %), unfunded (74/322; 23 %), or not explicit about funding (111/322; 34 %). Common health topics were psychiatric/cognitive (n = 56), cancer (n = 39) and musculoskeletal conditions (n = 36). Multiple reviews covered similar topics, particularly depression/anxiety (n = 18), breast cancer (n = 21), and low back pain (n = 16).ConclusionsFurther research should explore the overall quality of reporting and conduct of systematic reviews of yoga, the direction and certainty of specific conclusions, and duplication or gaps in review coverage of topics.     

The effect of lavender on stress in individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundLavender is considered as one of the medicinal plants to manage stress. Although many preliminary studies evaluated the effect of lavender on individuals’ stress level, to the best of our knowledge, we did not find a study that summarizes the results. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the Pooled effect of lavender on the stress level of individuals using systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodA systematic literature review based on PRISMA 2020 was performed on the SID, MagIran, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) databases, and Google Scholar motor engine using related MeSH/Emtree and ‎Free Text words,‎ including “Lavender*”, “Lavandula*”, “Stress*”, “Stress Disorders, Traumatic”, and “Stress, Psychological” with no time limitation until August 2021: We also searched two Iranain free local resourses including MagIran https://www.magiran.com and Scientific Information Database (SID) https://www.sid.ir. The quality assessment of studies was performed using JBI checklist. Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using I² index and Random Effects model was used to combine the data and perform the meta-analysis.ResultsIn the initial search, 1520 articles were found. After excluding the irrelevant studies, finally, 21 articles with a sample size of 791 in the intervention group and 804 in the control group were included in the meta-analysis. As a result of combining the studies, stress score after using lavender in the intervention group showed a significant decrease of 0.63 ± 0.13 (95% CI) more than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The results of subgroup analysis demonstrated that the highest standardized mean difference (SMD) before and after the intervention in the intervention group compared to the control group was related to L. angustifolia species with 0.73 ± 0.22, student groups with 2.27 ± 1.34, and diagnostic tool of Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) with 0.82 ± 0.42, indicating that the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe pooled estimation of this systematic reiew and meta-analysis revealed that lavender significantly reduces individuals’ stress. Therefore, it seems that the use of lavender can be considered as a part of a stress management programs, especially in student groups.