CCL27、CCR10在鲍温病患者皮损中的表达

目的:比较CCL27、CCR10在鲍温病患者皮损及正常皮肤中的表达水平,并分析其与鲍温病发病的联系。方法:采用免疫组化染色SABC法检测14例鲍温病患者组织和7例正常皮肤中CCL27、CCR10的表达。结果:鲍温病患者皮损中,CCL27、CCR10的表达水平明显高于正常皮肤(t=-4.34,P<0.01;t=-12.32,P<0.01),CCL27、CCR10的表达水平差别明显小于正常皮肤(t=4.20,P<0.01)。结论:CCL27、CCR10在鲍温病患者皮损中的高表达可能与鲍温病发病密切相关。     

雷公藤内酯醇抑制A375细胞增殖和迁移及CCR7表达的体外实验

目的观察雷公藤内酯醇在体外抑制人黑素瘤细胞A375增殖和迁移的能力及对细胞表面趋化因子受体CCR7表达的影响情况,初步分析其作用机制。方法用CCK-8比色试剂盒检测雷公藤内酯醇对A375细胞增殖的作用,Transwell微孔隔离小室迁移实验检测雷公藤内酯醇对A375细胞体外迁移能力的影响,Western blot法检测雷公藤内酯醇对A375细胞CCR7蛋白表达的影响。结果雷公藤内酯醇以剂量依赖方式抑制A375细胞的增殖,24h的IC50值为0.20μg/mL;雷公藤内酯醇能显著地抑制A375细胞的体外迁移能力(P0.01),侵袭抑制率约为82.84%;经不同浓度雷公藤内酯醇(0μg/mL,0.2μg/mL和0.4μg/mL)处理后,A375细胞中CCR7蛋白表达呈明显下降趋势(P0.05)。结论雷公藤内酯醇具有抗A375细胞增殖和体外迁移能力的作用,其机制可能与下调其表面趋化因子受体CCR7的表达相关,并且该作用呈一定的浓度依赖性。     

Serum Levels of IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and IFN-gamma in Behçet's disease

Behçet's disease (BD) is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Although its pathogenesis is not fully understood, recent studies have suggested that immunological abnormalities and neutrophil hyperfunction may be involved in its etiology and pathophysiology. The immune system in BD can be characterized as a divergent cytokine production profile of the mixed Th1/Th2 cell type. In this study, we investigated the levels of interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐10, IL‐12, IL‐13 and interferon‐γ in the sera of patients with BD, in comparison with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and healthy controls, to determine the Th1/Th2 profile of the disease. The levels of IL‐4, IL‐10 and IL‐13 were found to be high in active BD patients, and IL‐12 and interferon‐γ levels were lower in active BD patients than in inactive BD, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and control patients.     

Acne vulgaris: prevalence and clinical forms in adolescents from S?o Paulo,Brazil

BACKGROUND

Acne is a common disease in adolescents, but there are no epidemiological data for acne in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES

To estimate the prevalence and degree of acne in adolescents from Sao Paulo and study socio-demographic factors, family history and lifestyle, associated with the disease.

METHODS

Cross-sectional study with 452 adolescents aged between 10 and 17 (mean=13.3 years), students from elementary and high school, examined by 3 independent evaluators.

RESULTS

62.4% were female, 85.8% white and 6.4% were aged 14. The prevalence was 96.0% and increased with age - all students over 14 had acne. The most prevalent form of acne was comedonal (61.1%), followed by mild (30.6%) and moderate (7.6%) papular-pustular, which affected mostly the face (97.5%). About half of the adolescents reported family history for acne in mother or father, and 20.6% reported previous treatment for acne. There was a higher chance of presenting non-comedonal acne with increased age (p<0.001).

DISCUSSION

The prevalence of acne in adolescents varies widely due to the clinical features and diagnostic methods used. Adolescents whose brothers/sisters had acne (OR=1.7-p=0.027) and those over 13 (OR=8.3-p<0.001), were more likely to have non-comedonal acne.

CONCLUSION

This study showed high prevalence of acne in adolescents from Sao Paulo, predominantly the comedonal form on the face, with a higher chance of presenting non-comedonal acne with increased age.     

CCL27和CCR10在寻常性银屑病皮损的表达及与PASI的相关性

目的 探讨皮肤特异性趋化因子CCL27及其受体CCR10在寻常性银屑病皮损中的表达和表达强度与疾病活动性的相关性.方法 SP免疫组化染色检测20例寻常性银屑病皮损区皮损和10例正常人皮肤中CCL27、CCR10的表达,以PASI评分评价银屑病患者疾病活动性.结果 ①CCL27在20例寻常性银屑病皮损和10例正常人皮肤中表达的阳性率分别为95%和20%,两者差异有统计学意义(X²=17.86,P<0.01);CCR10在20例寻常性银屑病皮损和10例正常人皮肤表达的阳性率分别为85%和10%,两者的差异有统计学意义(X²=15.63,P<0.01).②CCL27和CCR10在皮损中的表达水平与PASI评分均呈明显正相关,r值分别为0.82和0.83,P值均<0.01.结论 CCL27和CCR10的过度表达与银屑病患者的疾病活动性相关.     

Naming acquired melanocytic nevi. Common and dysplastic, normal and atypical, or Unna, Miescher, Spitz, and Clark?

Acquired melanocytic nevi are among the commonest neoplasms in man, yet classification of them has proven elusive and elucidation unsatisfactory. From "active junctional nevus" to "dysplastic nevus," the brains of clinicians and histopathologists have been boggled and the psyches and skin of patients have been served badly. This essay advocates eponymic designations for acquired melanocytic nevi, all of which are common, as the surest route to comprehensive classification of them.     

Expression of Foxp3, TGF-β and IL-10 in American cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a unique population of CD25+CD4+ T cells that regulate innate and adaptive immune responses and have the ability to control the excessive or misdirected effects of the immune system. This modulation involves different mechanisms, such as the suppression of T cell proliferation and cytokine production, the secretion of suppressive cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β) and the induction of effector T cell apoptosis in humans with infectious diseases such as Leishmania infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of Foxp3, IL-10 and TGF-β through immunohistochemistry in 22 skin biopsies of patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) caused by Leishmania (Viannia) spp. from an endemic area in pre-Amazonian area of Maranhão State, Brazil. The density of these markers was also analyzed according to the species of parasite and the progression of the disease. The cellular density was 234 cells/mm² for Foxp3+ cells, 357 cells/mm² for TGF-β+ cells and 648 cells/mm² for IL-10+ cells in the studied skin lesions. The analysis of the cellular density of these immunological markers in relation to the species of Leishmania demonstrated that lesions caused by L. (V.) braziliensis had a lower density of Foxp3+ cells than lesions caused by L. (Viannia) spp. The expression of IL-10 was also lower in lesions caused by L. (V.) braziliensis. There were no significant differences in TGF-β expression between the two groups. The evaluation of these markers according to the progression of the disease did not reveal any significant differences. These findings suggest that Treg Foxp3+ cells, IL-10, and TGF-β play important roles in the immunopathogenesis of LCL and that these roles differ depending on the causal Leishmania species.     

Allelotyping in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: common regions of allelic loss identified on 9p, 10q, and 17p

Allelotyping studies have been extensively used in a wide variety of malignancies to define chromosomal regions of allelic loss and sites of putative tumor suppressor genes; however, until now this technique has not been used in cutaneous lymphoma. We have analyzed 51 samples from patients with mycosis fungoides and 15 with Sézary syndrome using methods to detect loss of heterozygosity. Micro satellite markers were selected on 15 chromosomal arms because of their proximity to either known tumor suppressor genes or chromosomal abnormalities identified in previous cytogenetic studies in cutaneous lymphoma. Allelic loss was present in 45% of patients with mycosis fungoides and 67% with Sézary syndrome. Loss of heterozygosity was found in over 10% of patients with mycosis fungoides on 9p, 10q, 1p, and 17p and was present in 37% with early stage (T1 and T2) and 57% with advanced disease (T3 and T4). Allelic loss on 1p and 9p were found in all stages of mycosis fungoides, whereas losses on 17p and 10q were limited to advanced disease. In Sézary syndrome high rates of loss of heterozygosity were detected on 9p (46%) and 17p (42%) with lower rates on 2p (12%), 6q (7%), and 10q (12%). There was no significant difference in the age at diagnosis or number of treatments received by those with loss of heterozygosity and those without, suggesting that increasing age and multiple treatments do not predispose to allelic loss. These results provide the basis for further studies defining more accurately chromosomal regions of deletions and candidate tumor suppressor genes involved in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.     

系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血单一核细胞CCR6、CCR8趋化因子受体mRNA的表达

目的:探讨趋化因子受体CCR6及CCR8在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血单一核细胞(PBMC)中的表达及与疾病的相关性.方法:收集93例确诊的SLE患者和30例正常对照者的PBMC,提取RNA.应用RT-PCR方法检测研究对象CCR6、CCR8 mRNA表达水平.记录患者临床表现及实验室检查结果.结果:①CCR6 mRNA在PBMC中表达水平:活动期组(0.985±0.257)与对照组(0.229±0.041)相比,两者差异有统计学意义(t=2.910,P=0.006).活动期组与非活动期组(0.306±0.034)、非活动期组与对照组、患者组(0.641±0.179)与对照组,3组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).CCR8 mRNA在PBMC中表达水平:活动期组(0.703±0.285)与非活动期组(0.219±0.031)及对照组(0.120±0.018)间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);非活动期组与对照组、患者组(0.549±0.663)与对照组,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).②患者组CCR6 mRNA水平与疾病活动度评分关系:SLE患者组PBMC中CCR6 mRNA表达水平与SLE疾病活动程度指数(SLEDAI)分别作直线相关性分析,CCR6 mRNA水平与SLEDAI(r=0.457,t=4.513,P<0.001)呈正相关.③患者分为两个亚组:具有某些临床表现的与不具临床表现的CCR6mRNA及CCR8 mRNA表达.差异无统计学意义.结论:CCR6 mRNA表达水平在活动期SLE患者比非活动期及对照组增高,与SLEDAI呈正相关.CCR8 mRNA表达水平在SLE患者组与正常对照组差异无统计学意义.CCR6可能参与SLE的发生.     

Evaluation of cases of pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus from a reference service in Pará state,Brazil

BACKGROUND

Pemphigusis a bullous, rare and chronic autoimmune disease. There are two major forms of pemphigus: vulgaris and foliaceus. Epidemiological data and clinical outcome in patients diagnosed in the Brazilian Amazon states are still rare.

OBJECTIVES

To study the occurrence of the disease during the study period and analyze the epidemiological profile of patients, the most common subtype of pemphigus, and the clinical evolution of patients.

METHODS

Retrospective analysis of medical records of hospitalized patients with pemphigus foliaceus and pemphigus vulgaris in the period from 2003 to 2010 in Dermatology Service of Hospital Fundação Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará, Belém, Northern Brazil.

RESULTS

We found a total of 20 cases of pemphigus during the study period, 8 of which were of foliaceus pemphigus and 12 of vulgaris pemphigus. Pemphigus foliaceus had the predominance of male patients (75%), showed satisfactory clinical evolution, and was characterized by absence of pediatric cases. Pemphigus vulgaris affected more women (66.7%), showed mean hospital stay of 1 to 3 months (50%), and there were three cases of death (25%). The prescribed immunosuppressive drugs included prednisone with or without combination of azathioprine and/or dapsone. Sepsis was associated with 100% of the deaths.

CONCLUSIONS

The occurrence of the disease is rare, there are no familiar/endemic outbreaks in the sample. Evolution is usually favorable, but secondary infection is associated with worse prognosis. The choice of best drugs to treat pemphigus remains controversial.     

Perception,understanding, and association between psychological stress and skin aging: Quantitative surveys of Asian women aged 18–34 years,dermatologists, and psychologists in China and Japan

Background

Skin aging involves a variety of structural and functional changes, under the influence of various factors. Preaging skin is a relatively new concept describing self-perceived signs of skin aging that appear in the early 20s–30s and may be triggered by psychological stress. However, it is unclear how young women and healthcare professionals (HCP) understand the association between stress and skin aging.

Aims

We sought to explore the perceptions of stress-related skin aging among young women and HCPs.

Methods

We performed online surveys of 403 young women (18–34 years), 60 dermatologists, and 60 psychologists residing in major cities in China and Japan. Questions covered skin signs, understanding/perceptions of stress–aging connection, and demographics. Young women also completed DASS-21 to assess their stress level, which was dichotomized as normal or mild–extremely severe.

Results

The stress level was normal in 52.6% or mild–extremely severe in 47.4% of young women. Greater proportions of women in the mild–extremely severe stress group reported skin manifestations associated with preaging, the top three being “rough skin” (39.3% vs. 24.1%), “slow metabolic rate” (28.8% vs. 14.2%), and “dull skin” (43.5% vs. 29.2%). The top three skin manifestations showing the strongest perceived associations with stress were: “dark eye circles,” “slow metabolic rate,” and “dull skin” (among young women); “acne,” “dry skin,” and “skin rash” (among HCPs).

Conclusions

Young women frequently report high levels of psychological stress and signs of skin aging. Perceptions of stress–skin aging association differ between young women and HCPs.     

Clinical,microbiological, immunological and imaging characteristics of tunnels and fistulas in hidradenitis suppurativa and Crohn’s disease

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) tunnels and Crohn's disease (CD) fistulas are a challenge to treat. Although pathogenic similarities have been described between HS and CD, recent studies indicate that clinical, microbiological, immunological and imaging characteristics differ between these diseases. This review highlights the differences between HS tunnels and CD fistulas. Next-generation sequencing studies demonstrate a microbiome in HS tunnels dominated by Porphyromonas spp., Prevotella spp. whereas no specific bacteria have been associated with cutaneous CD. Immunologically, TNF has been found upregulated in HS tunnels along with various interleukins (IL-8, IL-16, IL-1α and IL-1β). In CD fistulas, Th1, Th17, IL-17, IFN-ɤ, TNF and IL-23 are increased. US imaging is an important tool in HS. US of HS tunnels depict hypoechoic band-like structure across skin layers in the dermis and/or hypodermis connected to the base of a widened hair follicle. In CD, MR imaging of simple perianal fistulas illustrates a linear, non-branching inflammatory tract relating to an internal opening in the anus or low rectum and an external opening to the skin surface. An increased awareness of the immediate potential differences between HS tunnels and CD fistulas may optimize treatment regimens of these intractable skin manifestations.     

Concanavalin-A binding sites,pemphigus antigens,and β2microglobulin in epidermal hyperproliferation,premalignant and malignant lesions

Summary Three cell surface parameters of epidermal cells have been studied by immunofluorescence, pemphigus antigens, concanavalin-A binding sugars, and ₂ microglobulin microglobulin. Biopsy specimens were taken from a total of 59 patients with psoriasis, seborrheic and solar keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell epithelioma.We found a loss of demonstrability of all parameters in dedifferentiated tumors or tumor areas in squamous cell carcinoma, premonitory changes in solar keratosis, and no changes in seborrheic keratosis. In the psoriatic epidermis a granular redistribution of the cell surface parameters was occasionally observed in cirumscribed areas of the epidermis. A selective loss of the demonstrability of ₂ microglobulin was the prominent feature in basal cell epithelioma.Our findings demonstrate that the alterations of the cell surface differ in malignant and premalignant skin tumors, in basal cell epithelioma, and in benign psoriatic hyperplasia.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Ma 674) and the Paul G. Unna-StiftungThe results of this study were part of H. Patyk's doctoral thesis, Göttingen 1981     

Clinical and histological characteristics,and management of melanoma in French Guiana, 2007–2018

There are few studies available on melanoma in Afro-Caribbean and Amerindian populations of South America. French Guiana deserves a study due to its specific health system and diversity of phototypes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the incidence, histological and clinical characteristics of melanoma in French Guiana. A retrospective study was conducted from October 2007 to January 2018 on all primary melanomas observed at the Cayenne Hospital Centre. Thirty-nine patients were included. The incidence rate (1.61/10⁶ inhabitants/year) was low compared with mainland France. Median age was 58, and gender ratio 1 : 16. Clear phototype (I/II) patients were the most frequent (38.5%), but a significant amount of melanoma also occurred in darker skin. Median Breslow was higher in dark phototypes than in fair-skinned patients. Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) was the most common histological type (33.3%), particularly in patients with clear phototype (61.5%). Acral lentiginous melanoma was found only in darker-skinned patients (29.1%). The trunk was involved in 66.6% in the clearest group whereas foot was the most common location in the darkest group (60% in V/VI phototypes). Surgery was the most frequently used treatment (79.5%). At the end of the study period, 53.8% had been lost to follow-up. In conclusion, the incidence of melanoma in French Guiana is lower than in mainland France but remains a public health concern, as dark-skinned populations often present with advanced diseases. Awareness and prevention in these communities must be improved.     

Serum factors regulate the expression of the proliferation-related genes α5 integrin and keratin 1, but not keratin 10, in HaCaT keratinocytes

Abstract In the highly coordinated programme of gene expression during keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, ·5 integrin and keratins 1 and 10 (K1/K10) may play important regulatory roles. We were interested in seeing whether, in continuously growing, immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes, similar to normal keratinocytes, the expression of ·5 integrin and K1/K10 was related to cell proliferation and differentiation. After release from cell quiescence the expression of ·5 integrin, both at the mRNA and protein levels, was upregulated in the cells. At the same time, K1/K10 mRNA and protein expression decreased dramatically, while the mRNA for D1 cyclin became detectable, and the cells became highly proliferative. These findings indicate that ·5 integrin and K1/K10 are involved in the regulation of HaCaT proliferation and differentiation, as in normal keratinocytes. However, HaCaT cells are different from normal keratinocytes in their ability to lose K1/K10 expression. There is no evidence that the expression of K1/K10 can be reversed in normal keratinocytes. This ability of dedifferentiation might be a unique feature of HaCaT cells and may be a key component of their immortalized nature. We also found that serum factors regulate mRNA expression of ·5 integrin and K1, but not of K10, in HaCaT cells. This information could be relevant to the understanding of normal epidermal differentiation. Received: 28 August 2000 / Revised: 27 October 2000 / Accepted: 3 February 2001