艾滋病毒感染患者口腔黏膜疣状肿块人类乳头状瘤病毒感染的分型研究

目的探讨艾滋病毒感染患者口腔戮膜疵状肿块人类乳头状瘤病毒(1-IPV)感染及感染类型。方法应用 HPV Ll区通用引物Gp5十//G p6+和1-IPV特型引物(HPV6/II,16,18,31,33),通过聚合酶链反应(PCR),对34例艾滋病毒感染患者口腔豁膜沈状肿块人类乳头状瘤病毒(HPV) DNA进行检测。结果艾滋病毒感染患者口腔豁膜优状肿块中,HPV感染率为88.2%;亚型HPV6/II感染率为47.06%, HPV16感染率为II.76%, 1U〕V 18感染率为 2.94 % , HPV31感染率为5.88%。结论艾滋病毒感染患者口腔庆状肿块和H PV感染关系密切,而且大多数和低危型HPV6/II感染有关,少数病例和高危型HPV16,18,31感染有关;同一病例可以感染两种以上HPV亚型。     

Presence of human papilloma viruses in intraosseous ameloblastoma.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the possibility that human papilloma virus (HPV) is a possible etiologic agent in the development of ameloblastoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA was extracted from 18 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens and assayed for the presence of HPV DNA by PCR using the L1 consensus primer and specific primers for HPV types 6/11, 16 and 18. RESULTS: Eight samples (67%) were positive for HPV. Of the 8 HPV-positive samples, 7 were positive for HPV 18. Four of the HPV 18-positive samples were also positive for HPV 6/11. One HPV-positive sample was not positive for any of the type-specific primers. CONCLUSIONS: No conclusions can be drawn about the etiologic role of HPV from this study, but surgical manipulation is suggested to be one of the reasons for HPV presence attributable to contamination from the surface mucosal epithelium in these tumors.     

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in benign oral squamous epithelial lesions in Venezuela

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in biopsies taken from clinically normal oral mucosa of 20 subjects and clinical lesions of 40 patients. PCR for HPV-DNA amplification was performed using consensus primers MYO9/MYO11 and subsequent typing for HPV of high and low oncogenic risk HPV types were identified by restriction enzyme analysis (restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP). The HPV viral genome was present in 55% (22/40) of the oral benign lesions (OBL) and in 10% (2/20) of the control samples. In the PCR+ OBL, we observed 90.9% of low oncogenic risk types (HPV-6 -13 and -32) and 9.1% of the samples had a mixed infection with low and high oncogenic types (HPV-6 and -16). In the control samples, we observed one patient with HPV-6 and another with HPV-6 and -16 in the same sample. All of the eight focal epithelial hyperplasia cases were positive for low risk HPV types (88% HPV-13 and 12.5% HPV-32). In conclusion, this study demonstrates a high incidence of HPV in oral benign lesions from Venezuelan patients.     

Low prevalence of HPV infection and its natural history in normal oral mucosa among volunteers on Miyako Island, Japan

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in normal oral mucosa, and to observe the natural history in the oral cavity in oral swab samples collected from healthy volunteers on Miyako Island, Okinawa, Japan. STUDY DESIGN: The prevalence of HPV infection in oral buccal mucosa cell scrapes collected between 2000 and 2002 from a cohort of 668 healthy volunteers was determined. HPV DNA was detected by consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using MY09/MY11 primers followed by direct cycle sequencing. Just over 2 years later the HPV-positive participants were reevaluated. RESULTS: Of the 668 subjects, 662 samples were analyzed for HPV. HPV DNA was detected in 4 (0.6%) specimens. HPV type 16 (HPV16), HPV53, and HPV71, mucosal types, and HPV12, a cutaneous type, were all identified by direct sequencing. In the follow-up survey, the HPV71- and HPV12-positive participants again tested positive, while HPV DNA was not detected in the HPV16- and HPV53-positive participants. CONCLUSION: The results of this study among healthy individuals from Miyako Island suggest that oral HPV infection is uncommon. In this cohort, HPV71 and HPV12 were persistent, while HPV16 and HPV53 were transient in normal oral mucosa.     

Detection of human papilloma virus DNA in seven cases of focal epithelial hyperplasia in Iran

Background:  Focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH), also known as Heck's disease, is a very rare disease of the oral cavity especially in Asia. It is a disease of children and young adults. Various causes have been implicated but in majority of cases FEH is caused by some subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) especially 13 and 32. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a useful tool to identify HPV in FEH as it is a rapid and sensitive method.
Objective:  This study was designed to determine special HPV subtypes in seven cases of Heck's disease referring to our department by using PCR analysis.
Method:  Paraffin sections of seven patients clinically diagnosed as FEH with compatible histhopathological features underwent DNA extraction procedures for PCR examination. Initially, all specimens were tested for presence of HPV virus followed by specific PCR testing for 16, 18, 13, and 32 subtypes in positive samples.
Results:  Human papilloma virus was found in all samples. In five cases HPV13 and in one case HPV32 was positive. One case showed strong reactivity for HPV but none of tested subtypes were positive. All cases were negative for HPV 16 and 18.
Conclusions:  Similar with other studies about FEH, most of our cases were associated with HPV 13 but other subtypes may also be implicated.     

Incidence of human papillomavirus 16 and 18 infection and p53 mutation in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma in Japan

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) 16 and 18 infection, and p53 mutation in oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in Japanese patients. Our results showed a higher incidence of HPV16 and 18 infections than previous studies because we combined the findings of a consensus polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism by using the restriction enzyme digestion of the PCR products and Southern blot hybridization. Each HPV16 and 18 E6/E7 DNA was detected in 9 (20%) and 25 (54%) of 46 samples. The p53 mutation in the exons from 5 to 8 were detected in 20 out of 46 samples (43%) by a PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. There was a significant relationship between HPV16 and the p53 mutation (P =0.02) suggesting that HPV16 infection has a mutagenic effect in oral SCC. However, neither HPV infection nor p53 mutation influenced survival.     

口腔鳞状细胞乳头状瘤组织中HPV DNA的原位杂交研究

目的 探讨人乳头瘤病毒（ｈｕｍａｎ ｐａｐｉｌｌｏｍａｖｉｒｕｓ，ＨＰＶ）感染与口腔鳞状细胞乳头状瘤（ｓｑｕａｍｏｕｓ ｃｅｌｌ ｐａｐｉｌｌｏｍａ，ＳＣＰ）的发生之间的关系。方法 应用地高辛标记的ＨＰＶ６／１１和ＨＰＶ１６／１８核酸探针分别在３０例口腔ＳＣＰ组织上进行原位杂交，检测口腔ＳＣＰ组织中ＨＰＶ ＤＮＡ的特征。结果 ＨＰＶ６／１１ ＤＮＡ阳性１６例（５３％），ＨＰＶ１６／１８ＤＮＡ未检出，ＨＰＶ６／１１ＤＮＡ阳性细胞多数分布在鳞状上皮的表层、中层和基底层。结论 原位杂交方法可以检测口腔ＳＣＰ组织中ＨＰＶ ＤＮＡ的存在并能准确组织定位，进一步支持ＨＰＶ６／１感染与口腔ＳＣＰ的发生密切相关。     

PCR－RDB技术检测中国籍OSCC及OLK患者中的HPV

目的：研究口腔鳞癌（OSCC）及口腔白斑（OLK）中国患者中的人乳头瘤病毒（Human Papillomavirus, HPV）感染率。方法：提取35例OSCC及35例OLK患者病损组织DNA,通过聚合酶链式反应结合反向点杂交技术（Poly－merase Chain Reaction-Reverse Dot Blot Hybridization, PCR-RDB）检测23型HPV DNA,包括HPV6,11,16,18,31,33,35,39,42,43,45,51,52,53,56,58,59,66,68,73,81,82和83。结果：35例OSCC及35例OLK患者中HPV DNA均为阴性。结论：HPV感染在中国的OSCC及OLK患者中非常见分子事件。     

Human papillomavirus DMA in oral squamous cell carcinomas and normal mucosa

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in oral carcinomas and normal oral mucosa were studied by consensus primer screening and typing for HPV types 6/11,16 and 18 DNA. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the DNA species of interest were identified by Southern blot hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes. Frozen tissue and scrapings were equally suitable for HPV testing and yielded high HPV detection rates in carcinomas. By comparison, HPV analysis of paraffin-embedded material was much less efficient. HPV were demonstrated in 61.5% (16/26) of oral squamous cell carcinomas, high risk HPV 16 and 18 being the preferential types. The frequency of HPV detection in non-neoplastic mucosa of tumor patients decreased clearly with increasing distance from the tumor (range 26.9–3.8%) suggesting focal HPV infections. In contrast, normal buccal mucosa of a group of healthy volunteers contained HPV DNA only in 1%(1/97).     

Oral and Genital Human Herpesvirus 8 and Human Papillomavirus in heterosexual partners

Background: The purpose of this study was to verify a possible co‐infection of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8) in commonly associated human papillomavirus (HPV) penile lesions and to determine the frequency of detection of these viruses in the oral mucosa of their female counterparts. Methods: Thirty‐one male subjects underwent penile swabs from clinical HPV‐related lesions. Their female counterparts underwent swabs of the vagina, uterine cervix, and oral mucosa. HPV and HHV‐8 detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction using the consensus primers MY11/MY09 and KS1/KS2, respectively. Results: HPV DNA was detected in 31/31 penile lesions. HPV DNA was also detected in 18/31 (58%) female genital brushings and 17/31 (54%) female oral brushings. HHV‐8 DNA was detected in 1/31 (3.2%) male genital brushings and 3/31 (9.6%) female oral mucosa brushings. None of the female genital brushings were HHV‐8 DNA‐infected. Conclusions: Based upon the results of this study, co‐infection between HPV and HHV‐8 in malignant and pre‐malignant penile lesions is an unlikely finding.     

Risk of oral cancer associated with human papillomavirus infection, betel quid chewing, and cigarette smoking in Taiwan — an integrated molecular and epidemiological study of 58 cases

BACKGROUND: The association between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and human papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 11, 16 and 18 is uncertain. Past reports varied in the methodology and results. We conducted this study using in situ PCR in situ hybridization (ISH) assay which was considered as the most sensitive method for detection of viral DNA. We undertook an epidemiologic survey about the history of betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking, since these habits are common in Taiwan. METHODS: In situ PCR ISH was performed on the tumor specimens from 29 patients with OSCC and the oral mucosal specimens from 29 patients without OSCC. Their betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking histories were also reviewed. RESULTS: HPV16, HPV18, betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking were statistically significant risk factors in univariate analysis. HPV6 and 11 were not. Multivariate analysis showed that HPV16 infection (adjusted Odds ratio = 11.20) and betel quid chewing (adjusted Odds ratio = 17.06) remained to be independent factors for OSCC. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that HPV16 and betel quid chewing were two major risk factors for OSCC in Taiwan, indicating that they act through different mechanisms in the pathogenesis of OSCC.     

Detection of human papilloma virus type 16 DNA in oral squames from normal young adults

We have employed the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 in oral squames and mononuclear cells from 62 healthy young adult volunteers. Two groups were screened for the presence of this virus, but in not all cases was DNA obtained from the scrapes. In the first (n = 30), the results show that 43% of normal individuals harbour HPV 16 (a genital type) in their buccal mucosa, epithelium of dorsum of tongue and hard palate. In the second group (n = 18), 44% of individuals were positive for HPV 16 in their oral epithelial scrapes, while only 6% were positive for the same virus in mononuclear cells. Interestingly, in 2 cases, peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA gave a positive reaction with the HPV 16 primers. To investigate possible HPV infection of lymphocytes, a further 42 lymphocyte samples, taken from the same age group as the epithelial study group, were analysed. None of these lymphocytes were positive for the presence of HPV 16 DNA.     

Detection of human papillomaviruses of high oncogenic potential in oral squamous cell carcinoma in a Venezuelan population

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to detect and typify human papillomaviruses (HPV) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a Venezuelan population. MATERIAL(S) AND METHODS: Eighteen tissue samples were obtained from biopsies, formalin-fixed, and paraffin-embedded; 16 were diagnosed as SCC. We isolated DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue; two to three sections of 5 microm were obtained and resuspended in digestion buffer and proteinase K. Five microliters of the aqueous phase was used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR for HPV amplification was carried out with consensus primers for L1 region (MY09 and MY11) and beta-globin gene was used as internal control. The viral types were determined by molecular hybridization with a mix of probes for high/intermediate and low HPV oncogenic risk types. RESULTS: The HPV-DNA was detected in 50% (eight of 16) of the SCC cases. Of these HPV-DNA-positive samples, 68% were histopathologically diagnosed as moderately differentiated SCC. The most common anatomical location was the alveolar ridge mucosa. All positive biopsies contained high oncogenic HPV types. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high prevalence of HPV infection of high oncogenic potential types in patients with SCC in our studied group. The moderately differentiated SCCs were more associated to HPV infection. These differences could be influenced by nutritional, environmental and genetical factors in our population but further studies should be carried out to determine these aspects.     

Non radioactive in situ hybridization for detection of human papilloma virus DNA in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.

Previous studies indicate that HPV type 16 and 18 (HPV) are associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. In this investigation we evaluate in our hospital 253 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue not related to tobacco or alcohol with a tumor index of T2 NO MO between 1981 and 1991. From 12 patients we were able to obtain tissue. For detection of human papilloma virus, DNA sequences 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 in paraffin-embedded human tissue biopsies a non-radioactive in situ hybridization procedure was utilized. Approximately 60% of the carcinoma of the tongue are positive for episomal viral DNA 6, 11, 16 and 18. These results confirms that HPV infection may play a possible role in the multifactorial etiology of carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and probably acting synergistically with other carcinogenesis.     

Comparative study of HPV prevalence in Japanese and North-east Chinese oral carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a role in the development of oral carcinoma. However, the reported prevalence of HPV in oral carcinoma has varied widely. METHODS: The prevalence of HPV 16, 18 and 33 was investigated in Japanese and North-east Chinese oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of p53 protein was examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS: HPV 16 and 18 were detected in 7 (23.3%) and 10 (33.3%) of 30 Japanese and 11 (36.7%) and 5 (16.7%) of 30 Chinese samples, respectively. HPV 16 and 18 coinfection was detected in 3/30 Japanese and 2/30 Chinese samples. HPV 33 was not detected. There was no significant correlation between HPV 16 and 18 and the sites, gender, age and histological grade. The prevalence of both HPV 16 and 18 was similar and higher in the Japanese and North-east Chinese samples (46.7% each). HPV 16 or/and 18 infection or/and p53 overexpression were in 22 (73.3%) of 30 Japanese samples and 24 (80.0%) of 30 North-east Chinese samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: HPV 16/18 infection or/and p53 overexpression may play an important role in developing some OSCCs. and the presence of HPV sequences and mutant p53 are not necessarily mutually exclusive.     

口腔鳞状细胞癌中人乳头瘤病毒感染的检测

目的检测人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)在口腔鳞状细胞癌中感染及其与口腔癌发生的相关性.方法采用PCR方法,检测30例口腔鳞状细胞癌及5例正常口腔黏膜中HPV 16和18感染.结果 7/30例标本中检测出HPV 16(23.3%);10/30例标本中检测出HPV 18(33.3%).3/30例标本中存在HPV 16和18共感染(10%).5例正常口腔黏膜中未发现HPV 16和HPV 18感染.在检测HPV 16时发现一条新片断(186 nt),经测序此序列与人5号染色体的核酸序列65-175存在99%同源.结论 HPV 16和18可能与口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生密切相关.     

Human papilloma virus in erosive oral lichen planus

Several types of human papilloma viruses (HPV) have been associated with benign and malignant squamous cell tumours of mucosal epithelium. To identify HPV in erosive oral lichen planus (OLPe), considered as a premalignant lesion, tissues from 20 patients were examined by Southern blot hybridization with 32P-labeled HPV DNA probes. Type 11 was found in 6 of the lesions while HPV types 6, 16 and 18 were not detected in any of the tissues examined. Using a type-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for HPV-6, 11, 16 and 18, HPV-11 was detected in 8 of the samples (all of those positive by Southern blot), and, in addition, HPV-6 was found in 5 samples and HPV-16 in 3 samples. Overall, by the more sensitive PCR assay, 65% of samples were positive for HPV DNA. The finding of HPV DNA in many of the samples using two different techniques indicates a high prevalence of HPV in the OLPe afflicted oral mucosa. However, the role of HPV in the pathogenesis of OLPe has yet to be determined.     

Unusual HPV types in oral warts in association with HIV infection

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are associated with certain oral soft tissue lesiona, such as papillomas, warts, condylomata, and focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH). HPV types 2, 6, 11, 16, and 18 have been identified in some of these oral lesions, while HPV 13 and 32 are associated with FEH. Little is known about the HPV types in oral warts of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this study, oral warts in 17 HIV-seropositive individuals were biopsied. Southern blot analyses were performed and the HPV types found were HPV 7 (7/17), 13 (1/17), 32 (1/17), and 18 (1/17). The presence of HPV type 7 is unusual in that it normally is found only in butcher's warrs. There was no correlation between HPV type, histopathology, and clinical appearance of the lesions examined, except that the flat (FEH type) warts contained HPV types 13, 18 and 32 (1 of each). HIV infection appears to predispose individuals to oral infection with unusual HPV types.     

Unusual HPV types in oral warts in association with HIV infection

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are associated with certain oral soft tissue lesions, such as papillomas, warts, condylomata, and focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH). HPV types 2, 6, 11, 16, and 18 have been identified in some of these oral lesions, while HPV 13 and 32 are associated with FEH. Little is known about the HPV types in oral warts of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this study, oral warts in 17 HIV-seropositive individuals were biopsied. Southern blot analyses were performed and the HPV types found were HPV 7 (7/17), 13 (1/17), 32 (1/17), and 18 (1/17). The presence of HPV type 7 is unusual in that it normally is found only in butcher's warts. There was no correlation between HPV type, histopathology, and clinical appearance of the lesions examined, except that the flat (FEH type) warts contained HPV types 13, 18 and 32 (1 of each). HIV infection appears to predispose individuals to oral infection with unusual HPV types.     

Incidence of human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, 18 and 33 in normal oral mucosa of a Greek population

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in samples obtained from the clinically normal mucosa of the oral cavity of 169 asymptomatic subjects in northern Greece. Of the subjects, 9.5% were found to be infected with HPV. Typing of HPV by Southern blot hybridization revealed that 2.4%, 0%, 0%, 4.1%, 0.6% of the subjects were infected with HPV16, 18, 33, 6 and 11. respectively.