Orbital myiasis

Invasion of the orbit by dipterous fly larvae is a rarely reported from of myiasis. We present a 65-year-old man with orbital myiasis caused by the tissue obligatory larvae of the Old World screw-worm fly Chrysomyia bezziana Villeneuve. Larvae were found invading the orbital apex and exenteration was carried out to prevent intracranial invasion. In this case of orbital myiasis, CT scanning was used to document the extent of intraorbital invasion. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ophthalmomyiasis caused by C. bezziana.     

External ophthalmomyiasis associated with herpes zoster ophthalmicus

Ophthalmomyiasis is a rare entity caused by infestation with certain dipterous larvae. We describe a 71-year-old farmer with herpes zoster ophthalmicus on the left side of the face in whom the blisters became secondarily infested with Chrysomyia bezziana maggots. The maggots were removed mechanically, and the corneal involvement secondary to zoster ophthalmicus responded to therapy with topical steroids and cycloplegics. To our knowledge this is the first report of external ophthalmomyiasis due to C. bezziana.     

External ophthalmomyiasis: a case series

Oestrus ovis or ‘sheep botfly’ causes common ophthalmomyiasis in warm climates. It is a self-limited infestation with symptoms such as foreign body sensation and/or tearing. The larvae can be observed in the conjunctiva and should be extracted with forceps. The development of larvae beyond the first stage does not occur in healthy humans, although they may penetrate the ocular globe, causing so-called internal myiasis. External ophthalmomyiasis is typical of rural areas, but it may be observed occasionally in urban environments.     

Ophthalmomyiasis externa by Musca domestica in a case of orbital metastasis

Infestation of the living tissues of the eye, ocular adnexae or orbit by larvae of flies of the order Diptera is known as ophthalmomyiasis. Ophthalmomyiasis externa is a limited superficial infestation of external ocular structures such as conjunctiva and adnexae. A case of follicular carcinoma thyroid with orbital metastasis presenting as ophthalmomyiasis externa is reported. The patient presented with foul smelling ulcers of the medial and lateral orbital walls of the right eye extending into the lids and nose, teeming with maggots. Computerized Tomography (CT) showed widespread bone destruction with extension into surrounding sinuses. Over 200 maggots were manually removed after immobilisation with turpentine oil instillation. Entomological examination showed it to be a case of accidental myiasis caused by the common housefly Musca domestica. The patient was managed conservatively and the ulcer cavities filled up with healthy granulation tissue. This case is presented on account of its rarity.     

Miasis ocular externa. Serie de casos por larvas Oestrus ovis en Navarra

Objective

To report a case series of external ophthalmomyiasis in a region of Spain together with its common epidemiological factors and treatment.

External ophthalmomyiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. A retrospective study of nine cases and a review of the literature

PURPOSE: To report nine cases of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. METHODS: Retrospective, non-comparative, interventional case series. Participants consisted of patients (n = 9) presenting at Cayenne Hospital between 1968 and 2003. The location and number of larvae, the larval stage, and the medical and surgical procedures applied were studied in each case. RESULTS: Seven patients had palpebral myiasis (including one with three larvae) and two had conjunctival myiasis. Every patient had palpebral oedema. The larval respiratory pore was located on the palpebral skin or free margin or on the conjunctiva. Movements were present within the lesion in at least three patients. Petroleum ointment or ivermectine solution was used in at least four patients to smother or kill the larvae. Extraction under local anaesthesia was possible in six patients, while three required general anaesthesia. CONCLUSION: Several larvae may be present in a patient. Topical ivermectine may help to kill the larvae before extraction is attempted.     

Ophthalmomyiasis externa: A case report from Alkharj,Saudi Arabia

Ophthalmomyiasis is an infestation of mammalian eyes with larvae or maggots of certain flies. Oestrus ovis is the most common cause of human myiasis. This article reports a case of ophthalmomyiasis externa caused by Oestrus ovis (sheep nasal botfly) in a young healthy male, living in Al Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Patient presented with acute symptoms in left eye in April, mimicking as unilateral conjunctivitis/keratitis/external ocular foreign body/uveitis. Prompt diagnosis and mechanical removal of five live larvae from conjunctival fornices of the left eye under topical anaesthesia and cyclopentolate 1% eyedrops, not only relieved patient’s severe symptoms in a single day but also prevented rare yet sight threatening complications.     

Lasiodiplodia theobromae panophthalmitis

Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a rare ocular pathogen. We report a case of panophthalmitis caused by this fungus. The patient was a healthy 62-year-old janitor with no history of ocular trauma in whom keratitis developed. Cultures of corneal scrapings identified the fungus. Despite treatment with appropriate antimycotics the keratitis progressed to infectious scleritis and then spontaneous perforation of the globe, which necessitated enucleation. The ultrasonographic, microbiologic and histologic findings are discussed and the results of in-vitro sensitivity testing presented.     

Incidence of ocular myiasis due to infection with the larva of oestrus ovis (Oestridae Diptera).

The present paper is the result of the study of frequent occurrences of ocular myiasis due to the infection by the insect larva in 14 patients. The collected larvae were identified as first stage larva of oestrus ovis. The results of the examinations of the infected eyes show swollen conjunctiva, redness and watering of the eyes. These symptoms may be mistaken for mucopurulent conjunctivitis. The above results are discussed with earlier literature.     

Management of globe luxation followed by traumatic liquoric fistula: case report

This report describes the only case in the literature of globe luxation due to traumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistula to the orbit caused by fire gun with ocular globe maintenance. E.N., female, white, 7 months, admitted with left orbitocranial injury by fire gun. Ocular globe luxation was detected with complete ocular motility restriction and absence of pupillary reflex in the left orbit. Computed tomography showed fracture of the medial orbital wall; bone fragments near the apex of the orbit and a stretched optic nerve. Surgical exploration was performed, showing liquor fistula through the ethmoid-sphenoid wall that was blocked with sponge (Gelfoam?) plus organic glue in the left orbit posterior wall, with immediate resolution of the proptosis and ocular integrity maintenance. Although controversial, maintenance of the ocular globe instead of enucleation was performed due to the integrity of the globe in this case. Despite the blindness, we considered the result to the proposed treatment excellent, once the maintenance of the ocular globe provides a good appearance and will contribute to an adequate facial bone development.     

External ophthalmomyiasis

Four cases of external ocular myiasis caused by larvae of Oestrus ovis are reported.Each patient showed some degree of inflammation in the lids and conjunctiva. Regression was only subsequent to removal of parasites from the eye.Two patients had respiratory signs, i.e. rhinitis. For one of these two cases, a short-time admission in the resuscitation unit was recommended following a noticeable bronchospasm.The pathogenetic mechanism of this respiratory distress is not known. Two hypotesis are made.     

Combined detachments in Wegener''s granulomatosis.

We report a case with limited Wegener's granulomatosis in which the eye findings were the initial and only evidence of the disease when the patient was first seen. The patient was unusual in that he developed bilateral combined choroidal and retinal detachments and severe necrotising scleritis, which led to bilateral globe perforations and loss of sight. We recommend a trial of cytotoxic agents in progressive ocular inflammatory diseases unresponsive to other medications before there is irreversible loss of vision.     

Bilateral ocular myiasis interna caused by botfly (Oestrus ovis): a case report

The sheep nasal botfly Oestrus ovis is the commonest of several species of dipteran fly whose larvae are obligatory parasites in the nasal cavities and frontal sinuses of sheep but may cause infestation (myiasis) in man, commonly as external infestations and rarely, involves inner coat of the eye (Ocular myiasis interna). We report an imported case of Bilateral Ocular myiasis interna in an Indian boy.     

Bilateral Ocular Myiasis Interna Caused by Botfly (Oestrus ovis): A Case Report

The sheep nasal botfly Oestrus ovis is the commonest of several species of dipteran fly whose larvae are obligatory parasites in the nasal cavities and frontal sinuses of sheep but may cause infestation (myiasis) in man, commonly as external infestations and rarely, involves inner coat of the eye (Ocular myiasis interna). We report an imported case of Bilateral Ocular myiasis interna in an Indian boy.     

Optic nerve avulsion due to forced rotation of the globe by a snooker cue.

We report a case of partial avulsion of the optic nerve caused by sudden rotation of the globe due to a snooker cue injury. Minimal direct ocular trauma occurred. This case supports the belief that sudden rotation of the globe is the major mechanism of optic nerve avulsion. We include the first results of ultrasound examination that demonstrate optic nerve injury in such a case and believe that, in conjunction with fluorescein angiography and computerised tomography, it is important in the full evaluation of such cases.     

Wegener's granulomatosis with destructive ocular manifestations

A 27-year-old man developed bilateral destructive ocular manifestations of generalized Wegener's granulomatosis. Before the appearance of necrotic granuloma, which replaced almost all the original ocular components, the patient had suffered from severe headache and restricted ocular motility for five years. A general remission was achieved with azathioprine and prednisolone treatment although the patient is blind because of destruction of the globes.     

Alcaligenes xylosoxidans conjunctivitis

PURPOSE: To report a case of chronic unilateral conjunctivitis caused by Alcaligenes xylosoxidans. METHODS: A previously healthy 47-year-old woman presented with left eye purulent discharge and irritation beginning 3 months earlier. The patient had previously been treated with bacitracin and olopatadine without improvement. Bacterial staining, culture, and antibiotic sensitivities were performed from a conjunctival swab. RESULTS: The cultures revealed heavy growth of A. xylosoxidans. The organism was resistant to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and cephalosporins. The patient was started on polytrim, but an allergic reaction forced the use of topical Timentin 2%. After 14 days of treatment, the infection completely resolved. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an external ocular infection caused by A. xylosoxidans in a host without predisposing risk factors and the first case report of isolated conjunctivitis caused by A. xylosoxidans. A. xylosoxidans should be considered a rare but potential pathogen capable of producing chronic conjunctivitis in an otherwise healthy host.     

Ocular filariasis due to Wuchereria bancrofti presenting as panuveitis: A case report

Purpose: To report a case of ocular filariasis due to Wuchereria bancrofti manifesting as panuveitis. Design/methods: Observational case report. Result: A 30-year-old, healthy, Asian, Indian male presented with decreased vision and panuveitis with secondary glaucoma in the right eye. Careful slit-lamp examination revealed multiple, tiny, motile larvae in the anterior chamber. Indirect ophthalmoscopy showed vitritis with plenty of vitreous membranes, and subretinal yellow lesions in the peripheral retina along with retinal pigment epithelial tracts. An aqueous tap and a peripheral blood smear isolated microfilariae of W. bancrofti. Therapy with diethyl carbamazine citrate along with systemic steroids provided symptomatic relief. Conclusions: Ocular filariasis due to W. bancrofti is very rare. It can present in an otherwise asymptomatic patient without any constitutional symptoms. Careful examination, prompt diagnosis, and early treatment can reduce ocular morbidity.     

An overview of penetrating ocular trauma with retained intraocular foreign body

Penetrating trauma is one of the common causes of ocular morbidity world wide. Violation of the globe integrity, also known as a ruptured globe is an ocular emergency that universally threatens vision. Prompt recognition and management is prudent. Here we report a case of a 26-year-old-female, university teacher, who presented with pain and sudden loss of vision in the left eye of 2 h duration subsequent to a test tube blast in the chemical laboratory. Examinations revealed a ruptured globe with vitreous haemorrhage and an intraocular glass foreign body in the left eye. Primary repair was done with good post operative visual recovery. We report this case to emphasize that protective measures should be taken to prevent such eye traumas.     

Magnetic resonance imaging of intact globe superior subluxation into the intracranium

A 67-year-old man with right-sided blunt ocular trauma is reported here. Despite having received primary medical care, the patient complained of severe headache for 14 days. Initial computed tomography (CT) indicated hematoma in the right frontal lobe. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated that the right globe along with its optic nerve had been intactly dislocated into the intracranium and differentiated from hematoma. In this case, the significance of MRI, in blunt ocular trauma work-up, and also regaining successful ocular function are highlighted.