个性化牙龈塑形与美观基台应用于前牙种植修复的临床研究

目的：研究个性化牙龈塑形与美观基台的种植修复应用,提高前牙种植修复的红色美学效果.方法：75例患者96颗植体牙龈应用高频电刀个性化牙龈塑形、树脂冠压迫塑形,CAD/CAM设计制作美观基台修复前牙缺损,并进行半年以上随访观察.结果：96颗修复体,91颗牙龈塑形效果满意,3颗较满意,2颗欠佳,成功率为：94.7％.结论：个性化牙龈塑形能形成与同名牙相近的牙龈形态,美观基台具有牙龈塑形、穿龈愈合、维持牙龈乳头形态的作用.进一步提高了前牙种植修复的红色美学效果.     

牙龈诱导术在美学区单个前牙种植修复中的临床应用

目的研究美学区单颗牙种植修复采用临时冠对牙龈诱导成形的临床效果。方法为24例上颌前牙单颗牙缺失超过3个月的患者植入种植体,试验组即刻戴入临时冠进行牙龈塑形,对照组直接放援愈合基台。3个月后进行永久冠修复。采用种植体成功率、红色美学评分来对种植体周软硬组织进行评价。结果24枚种植体成功率为100％;试验组临时冠牙龈塑形后红色美学评分为8．17±1．26,对照组使用愈合基台红色美学评分为7．17±1．02,两组美学评分之间的差别有统计学意义（P=0．045）;其中近远中龈乳头的红色美学评分较低,近中龈乳头试验组为1．33±0．49,对照组为1．16±0．39;远中龈乳头试验组为1．50±0．52,对照组为1．25±0．45。结论在戴入最终修复体之前采用临时冠对牙龈进行诱导成形能获得町预期的美学效果。     

上前牙延期种植后全瓷基台全瓷冠修复一例

患者男性,56岁,2009年10月20日因左上1咬物不慎劈裂一天,正常覆合覆盖,微创拔牙。2009年11月11日上前牙区手术,植入AnkylosB14骨水平种植体,直径4.5mm,长14mm,表面植入Bio-Oss人工骨粉,严密缝合。术后一周拆线,左上1创口愈合良好,愈合基台稳定,无牙龈红肿。手术后3月复查,愈合基台稳定,牙龈颜色正常,取出原愈合基台,牙龈袖口干净,颜色正常,无牙龈出血,0.02%洗必泰冲洗清洁后,更换为前牙平衡基台牙龈成型器。一月后,更换为临时前牙平衡基台和树脂暂时冠修复。     

上前牙即刻种植后即刻修复与使用愈合基台效果的对比研究

目的 比较使用临时义齿即刻修复和直接使用愈合基台对上前牙即刻种植疗效的影响.方法 选择适合即刻种植的上前牙病例,种植体植入后分组行临时义齿即刻修复和愈合基台封闭牙龈,术后6个月开始牙龈塑形,最后行氧化锆全瓷冠永久修复.通过测量不同时期种植体颈缘骨吸收量、牙龈红色美学评分(PES)来比较两组间的差异.结果 两组种植体均能...     

Encode(R)愈合基台技术在前牙美学修复的应用

目的:对31种植系统EncodeR愈合基台水平取模技术进行美学区域种植修复的临床评价.方法:拔除患牙,即刻植入31 OsseotiteTM CertainR直形种植体,软组织愈合后临时基台修复.8周后换EncodeR愈合基台,行愈合基台水平取模,模型送往技工中心利用CAD/CAM设计、制作个性化Encode基台和全瓷冠,临床完成基台和冠的戴入.结果:临时基台修复促成了软组织成形和良好的牙龈外形,之后由Encode愈合基台取模,操作简便;在此基础上的印模转移了进行Encode个性化基台修复的所有信息,制作完成了个别Encode基台和全瓷冠,达到了个性化的美学修复.结论:31种植系统EncodeR愈合基台水平取模技术是理想的个性化美学修复方法.     

光固化树脂修复前牙的美学方法探讨

光固化树脂修复前牙的美学方法探讨云南省昆明市延安医院口腔科（６５００５１）杨向红杨永莉光固化树脂修复前牙，选色、配色及塑形是美容前牙成败的关键，本文通过２４０人３７５颗前牙光固化树脂修复，从医患对修复牙的满意度调查总结，进而对前牙修复中色泽、形态、整...     

即刻种植利用愈合基台封闭创口并保持牙龈形态的临床初探

目的 探讨即刻种植中利用愈合基台封闭伤口并保持牙龈自然形态的技术要点,并评估初期临床效果.方法 31例患者在无创拔牙后即刻植入种植体并用Bio-Oss植骨,同时安装愈合基台,3个月后行烤瓷冠修复,修复后平均追踪观察9个月.结果 除1颗种植体于植入后2周脱落外,其余种植体骨结合良好,牙龈原始形态基本完整保存.修复后至修复后3～16个月复查,临床效果满意.结论 在单牙即刻种植中利用愈合基台封闭创口并保持牙龈自然形态的临床方法安全简便,修复美学效果好.     

软组织在炎症状态下对不同基台材料反应的组织学观察

目的:比较种植体周围软组织对不同基台材料的组织学反应。方法:构建钛和氧化锆愈合基台修复的犬动物模型,并构建种植体周围黏膜炎模型,采集临床牙周指标:菌斑指数、牙龈指数和探诊深度,并对种植体周围的软组织进行采样,对其中的炎性细胞进行免疫组化染色观察和分析。结果:钛和氧化锆愈合基台周围的牙周指标相似,愈合基台周围软组织中的炎性细胞主要位于基底层、靠近愈合基台的软组织和附近的小血管,两种愈合基台周围在炎性状态下的炎性细胞浸润相似。结论:种植体周围的软组织在炎症状态下对钛和氧化锆基台的组织学反应相似。     

可摘式种植体杆金沉积冠帽修复牙列缺损

2 3　确定牙合位关系并牙合架转移从模型上取下取模柱 ,修整种植体工作模型制作蜡基板及牙合堤 ,确定正中咬合关系和垂直距离后 ,行牙合架转移。需注意的是在工作模型上制作的蜡基板是在牙龈愈合基台去除后制作的 ,因此在转移关系时 ,应将口内种植体上的牙龈愈合基台去除后 ,再     

暂时修复体牙龈塑形对改善上颌前牙区种植义齿美学效果的临床研究

目的:探讨上颌单颗前牙种植后采用暂时修复体进行牙龈塑形的美学效果。方法:随机选取80例上颌单颗前牙种植修复患者,根据是否进行牙龈塑形随机分为实验组和对照组,每组40例。实验组采取临时基台制作暂时修复体行牙龈塑形,对照组不进行临时冠牙龈塑形。修复完成后3个月、6个月、12个月,比较2组患者的种植体成功率、临床红色美学评分(pink esthetic score, PES)、影像学参数以及患者满意度。结果:两组患者的种植成功率均为100%。修复术后3个月,两组PES比较,差异无统计学意义;术后6个月、12个月,实验组的PES均高于对照组(P<0.05)。修复术后12个月,两组骨丢失量相比无统计学差异。修复完成后3个月、6个月、12个月,实验组患者满意度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:美学区单颗前牙种植后采用暂时修复体进行牙龈塑形可以获得较好的软组织美学效果。     

A Technique to Create Appropriate Abutment Tooth Contours for Removable Partial Dentures

A technique is presented for using light-cured composite resin to create desirable contours on abutment teeth for the retention and support of removable partial dentures. The desired tooth shape is created on a diagnostic cast, captured in a clear temporary splint material, and formed in resin on the abutment teeth with the splint acting as a matrix.     

Uprighting a mesially tilted molar using customized titanium healing abutment of an adjacent osseointegrated implant

This case report evaluates the use of a customized healing abutment of a dental implant to upright a mesially tilted molar using elastic separating rings. The external surface of the healing abutment was roughened by air particle abrasion, and a flowable composite was applied as a collar around it. The size of the resin collar was increased several times during the molar uprighting treatment by replacing the elastic ring. The uprighting procedure was evaluated after 2 months using radiographic and clinical evaluations. After treatment, the mesiodistal space above the implant was increased from 6 mm to 9 mm as follows: 2 mm by uprighting the second molar and 1 mm by mesial shifting the second premolar, and then a screw-retained zirconia crown was placed to restore the implant. The healing abutment of the implant can be modified by adding a resin collar and used as orthodontic anchorage for uprighting the adjacent tilted molar to facilitate the prosthetic procedure. Neither special instruments nor an orthodontic background are required for this minor tooth movement.     

An evaluation of self-cured and visible light-cured denture base materials when used as a denture base repair material

summary The aim of this study was to compare some of the physical properties of a heat-cured, a self-cured and a visible light-cured acrylic resin, and to evaluate the suitability of visible light-cured resin as a repair material for dentures made of heat-cured acrylic resin. Transverse strength, surface hardness and impact strength were determined for the three materials and the efficiencies of light-cured and self-cured resins, when used as a repair material, were evaluated by testing the transverse strength of repaired heat-cured specimens 1 hour, 1 week and 1 month after repair. The results showed that the rigidity of specimens repaired with light-cured resin improved with longer water storage. However, their transverse strength reached a maximum after one day and was reduced after 1 month. The rigidity and transverse strength of specimens repaired with self-cured resin were not influenced significantly by water storage and the transverse strength was significantly higher than the light-cured repaired specimens.     

树脂陶瓷复合材料单冠美学区种植修复的三维有限元分析

目的 比较树脂陶瓷复合材料单冠美学区种植修复种植体、全冠、基台及周围骨组织应力分布情况, 为临床应用提供理论依据。方法 应用Mimic 17.0软件建立上中切牙区牙槽骨、种植体、全冠,以及冠与基台不同黏固剂厚度间（0.05 mm和0.1 mm）的三维有限元模型。选用与种植体长轴呈130°,加载部位在舌隆突上方距切端2 mm的力,以及与种植体长轴平行加载在切端的力,大小为100 N,于不同工况下进行线性静态应力分析。结果 粘接剂厚度为0.05 mm树脂水门汀粘接时,Enamic、Ultimate 树脂陶瓷复合材料冠与IPS Empress 、 blocs Mark Ⅱ陶瓷冠修复相比,牙槽骨、种植体、冠、基台应力较均匀,峰值略减小,但差距不明显。Enamic、 Ultimate单冠修复时,粘接剂厚度为0.05 mm比0.1 mm时应力峰值明显减小,选择玻璃离子水门汀与树脂水门汀粘接,两者应力无明显差异。相同条件下,Ultimate、冠对种植体及周围组织应力峰值较小。结论 树脂复合陶瓷单冠用于美学区种植修复后,对种植体系统及周围组织应力较小、均匀,树脂在复合材料的比例及粘接剂厚度影响应力分布、峰值。     

The effect of delayed light exposure on bond strength: light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement vs light-cured resin.

Under clinical situations, the intervals between material mixing and light exposure during bracket bonding using light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement may vary for each individual bracket. This study evaluates the bond strength of light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement subjected to various time intervals between material mixing and subsequent light exposure. This investigation was conducted in two parts. The first part consisted of measuring the enamel surface temperature to define the conditions under which the second part of the study was carried out. One hundred fifteen subjects, 63 males and 52 females, participated in this study. The over-all mean temperature as measured with a noncontact infrared thermometer was 31.9 degrees C. The second part of this study assessed tensile and shear bond strengths of light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement subjected to immediate light exposure (time interval, 5 minutes) and bond strengths subjected to light exposure at 10, 20, and 40 minutes after material mixing. Light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement was then compared with light-cured composite resin. Mean tensile and shear bond strengths of light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement exposed after 40 minutes were 4.5 MPa and 20.5 MPa, respectively. This represented a reduction of approximately 20% when compared with the 5-minute group. Scheffé test showed no statistically significant differences between any two time intervals. Mean bond strengths of the light-cured resin decreased with time. Tensile and shear bond strengths of light-cured resin indicated high statistical significance within groups across time. It could therefore be concluded that the bond strength of light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement was not affected by the timing of visible light exposure; whereas, the bond strength of light-cured resin decreased as time intervals increased. Light-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement may thus serve as an advantageous alternative to composite resin for bracket bonding.     

An in vitro evaluation of a visible light-cured resin as an alternative to conventional resin bonding systems

An in vitro study of 69 premolars was conducted to evaluate a visible light-cured resin system used in orthodontic bonding. The material was evaluated under various parameters to determine its relative value as an alternative to the conventional chemically activated resin systems. The 30-hour bond strength for the visible light-cured resin system was approximately one half of that found for a chemically cured resin system. Initial 1-hour bond strength of the visible light-cured resin system was found to be only 26% of the 30-hour bond strength. Enamel loss associated with debonding and subsequent cleanup of the visible light-cured resin was approximately one half of that found with the chemically cured, heavily filled resin. With the visible light-cured resin system, cleanup of remaining resin required the use of hand scalers only.     

暂时修复树脂冠提高种植义齿美观效果的临床观察

目的：观察暂时修复树脂冠,扩张龈缘袖口,提高种植义齿美观性的效果。方法：选取50例上前牙单个种植义齿修复的病例,25例作为实验组,在修复烤瓷冠前,基桩上先修复树脂冠,约2周后再修复种植义齿烤瓷冠。25例作为对照组,直接在基桩上修复烤瓷冠。记录各组烤瓷冠边缘的位置及龈缘色泽的美观效果。结果：实验组烤瓷冠边缘的位置更合适,龈缘色泽的美观效果更好。结论：暂时修复的树脂冠能扩张龈缘袖口,指导基桩边缘的设计、制作,克服了因愈合基台所成型的龈缘袖口与天然牙颈部不一致导致的修复体修复后龈缘处可能出现透金属色或微露基桩的缺点,提高了种植义齿的美观效果。     

The effectiveness of compomer as a root-end filling: a clinical investigation

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the treatment outcome of a root-end filling technique that uses a light-cured compomer combined with a light-cured dental adhesive. STUDY DESIGN: The study used 34 single-rooted teeth restored with post, core, and crowns. A shallow concave apical preparation was filled with a light-cured compomer with a light-cured dental adhesive. As a control, a chemically cured glass ionomer was used with a conventional root-end preparation. A follow-up clinical and radiographic evaluation of the treatment result was conducted after 1 year. RESULTS: A significantly higher success rate (P<.015) was observed in the treatment group that used a compomer (89% complete healing) compared to glass ionomer (44% complete healing). CONCLUSIONS: When used as a retrograde root filling in a shallow concave preparation, a light-cured compomer and a dental adhesive improves healing regardless of the quality of the remaining root filling.     

Secondary caries formation in vitro around glass ionomer-lined amalgam and composite restorations

SUMMARY The aim of this in vitro secondary caries study was to examine the glass-ionomer liner's effect on wall-lesion inhibition when a conventional and a light-cured glass ionomer liner was placed under amalgam and composite resin restorations. Class V preparations in extracted upper premolars were used and ten restorations were used for each of the following groups: (i) two layers of copal varnish and amalgam; (ii) conventional glass-ionomer and amalgam; (iii) light-cured glass-ionomer and amalgam; (iv) bonding agent and light-cured composite resin; (v) conventional glass-ionomer, bonding agent and light-cured composite resin; (vi) light-cured glass-ionomer, extended 0.3 mm short of the enamel margin bonding agent and light-cured composite resin; and (vii) light-cured glass-ionomer, extended 1 mm short of the enamel margin, bonding agent and light-cured composite resin. The teeth were thermocycled and artificial caries were created using an acid-gel. The results of this study showed that artificial recurrent caries can be reduced significantly ( P < 0.05) with a glass-ionomer liner under amalgam restorations. The results also showed that when the light-cured glass-ionomer liner was placed 0.3 mm from the cavo-surface margin under composite resin restoration, the artificial recurrent caries reduced significantly ( P < 0.05).