药物流产后持续子宫出血超声诊断特征的临床意义

目的探讨超声对药物流产后子宫持续出血患者的声像图特征.方法对73例药物流产后2周仍有子宫出血者进行经腹及经阴道超声检查,观察宫腔内及双侧附件区情况.结果药流后子宫持续性出血患者的超声声像图特征有如下表现:①宫内小片状强回声;②宫内团块样回声;③宫内小孕囊;④子宫内膜粗糙;⑤卵巢内液性回声;⑥宫内团块伴宫腔内积液.结论通过超声对药物流产后子宫出血时间延长患者的声像图分析,认为经腹及经阴道超声检查对临床处理方法的选择具有重要指导意义.     

药物流产后子宫持续出血的超声表现与病理相关性

目的 探讨药物流产后子宫持续出血患者的超声声像图特征及其与病理的相关性.方法 对95例药物流产后两周以上仍有子宫出血的患者同时行经腹及经阴道超声检查,观察宫腔内膜、宫内残留物及双侧附件区情况.95例清宫术后标本均行病理组织学检查.结果 药物流产后子宫持续性出血患者的声像图特征及清宫组织病理表现:(1)超声显示为宫内小片状高回声32例,清宫组织中见少量坏死的蜕膜组织残留;(2)宫内团块样回声32例,清宫组织中有变性蜕膜及绒毛组织残留,部分绒毛向肌壁侵蚀;(3)宫内小孕囊样回声5例,清宫组织中见变性蜕膜组织;(4)子宫内膜粗糙7例,清宫组织为增殖期宫内膜,为完全流产后内膜修复性改变;(5)卵巢无回声区7例,宫内残留物病理检查为少量蜕膜组织;(6)宫内团块伴宫腔内积液12例,宫内残留物病理检查见子宫内膜炎细胞浸润.结论 药物流产后子宫出血时间延长患者的声像图特征与病理表现有一定相关性,超声检查可为药物流产后子宫持续出血患者的临床治疗提供诊断依据.     

药物流产胚囊排出后子宫持续出血的超声诊断意义

目的探讨药物流产后子宫持续出血患者的超声图像特征及其临床诊断价值。方法对临床80例药物流产胚囊排出后10～20d以上子宫持续出血者进行经腹部＋阴道子宫、附件超声检查。结果药物流产胚囊排出后子宫持续出血患者的超声检查如下表现：①宫腔内有不规则的高回声或不均质的低回声团,形态不规则,与正常肌层分界不清;②经腹二维超声检查图像仅表现为内膜回声稍不均匀,呈不均质低回声斑,无明显宫腔内异常回声团,经阴道扫查不均质回声斑局部回声减低,与子宫肌层无明显界限;③子宫内膜粗糙,部分增厚,与肌壁分界清,部分伴宫腔内少量积液。结论超声检查能根据声像图表现特征的不同为临床治疗提供有利的依据,以采取适当的治疗措施,终止子宫出血,对指导临床治疗具有重要的意义。     

超声对170例药物流产后持续阴道出血的诊断分析

目的：探讨超声对药物流产后阴道持续出血的声像图特征以及对不全流产的诊断价值。方法：对我院170例早孕药物流产后阴道持续出血进行超声检查,并进行声像图分析。结果：170例阴道出血的患者,超声检查分别显示为宫腔妊娠囊无明显变化;宫腔内或宫颈处见不规则团块状回声、混合回声、斑点状高回声。结论：超声诊断价值在于能及时发现妊娠囊是否排出、排出后是否完整及宫腔内有无积血,对残留者提示临床及时清宫处理。     

经阴道彩超诊断子宫下段切口处早期妊娠

目的:探讨经阴道彩超诊断剖宫产后子宫下段切口处早期妊娠的价值。方法:回顾性分析24例剖宫产后子宫下段切口处早期妊娠患者的经阴道彩色多普勒超声声像图。结果:超声诊断22例,误诊2例。声像图特征:子宫峡部前壁原手术切口四周呈椭圆形孕囊状回声或混合性不均质低回声团块,向子宫浆膜面隆起,妊娠物与膀胱间子宫肌层变薄,分界不清,局部血流丰富,呈低速低阻型血流频谱。结论:经阴道彩超有助于子宫下段切口处早期妊娠诊断。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声在宫腔内残留物鉴别诊断中的应用

目的探讨经阴道超声检查对宫腔内残留物的鉴别诊断价值。方法78例流产后阴道流血超过2周患者,经阴道超声检查发现宫内异常团状回声,观察其二维声像图和团块内、子宫肌壁的彩色血流及多普勒频谱;根据清宫组织病理结果分为绒毛组织、变性的绒毛织组和蜕膜组织,共3组。结果残留绒毛组织为不均匀低回声,变性绒毛组织和脱膜组织为不均匀高回声;残留绒毛组织内部及相邻的子宫肌壁血流信号丰富;变性绒毛组织内部少血流信号,相邻子宫肌壁血流信号丰富;蜕膜组织内部和相邻子宫肌壁少或无血流信号,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。频谱多普勒显示频谱形态以及阻力指数无明显差异(P>0.05),频谱为类滋养血流频谱,阻力指数在0.37~0.45。结论经阴道超声对早孕流产后的宫内残留物可以做出比较明确的诊断,具有鉴别诊断意义。     

阴道超声检查药物流产后阴道出血的应用价值

目的:探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声在药物流产后子宫出血时间延长诊断中的应用价值。方法:对子宫内早孕行药物流产后2～4周仍有阴道出血的患者120例,行阴道彩色多普勒超声检查,观察宫腔内情况,并重点观察宫腔内及其周围肌壁血流情况,并检测动脉RI值。结果:120例患者中有98例宫腔内蜕膜、绒毛膜组织残留者显示血流信号或近宫腔处局部肌壁呈血流丰富区,并检测到类滋养层血流频谱,RI<0.6,是药物流产后阴道出血时间延长的主要原因。结论:阴道彩色多普勒对药物流产后阴道出血时间延长具有重要的临床诊断价值。     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对药物流产后子宫内残留的诊断价值

目的：探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声对药物流产后子宫内残留的诊断价值。方法：子宫内早孕、行药物流产后2～3周仍有阴道出血的患者59例，行阴道彩色多普勒超声检查，了解子宫内情况及子宫腔周围肌壁血流情况，并检测动脉RI值。结果；59例患者中有55例有子宫腔内残留，其中50例显示血流信号或近子宫腔局部有极为丰富血流信号呈“火海征”，并检测到类滋养层血流频谱，RI在0．4～0．5。是药物流产后阴道出血的主要原因。结论：阴道彩色多普勒超声是对阴道出血时间延长寻找病因的主要手段之一，可为临床提供可靠的诊断依据，对进一步治疗有重要的指导意义。     

彩色及能量多普勒在药流术后诊断宫内残留的价值

目的 探讨彩色多普勒速度图(CDFI)和多普勒能量图(CDE)对药物流产后宫内残留物的诊断价值.方法 对经超声和尿HCG确诊宫内早孕的健康妇女,经药物流产后,见胚囊排出,2周内或2周以上仍有阴道出血,经二维超声、彩色多普勒速度图、多普勒能量图检查诊断宫内异常回声的75例病例图像进行回顾性分析,分别观察子宫大小、宫腔内情况及其与子宫肌壁血流情况.结果 宫内残留物58例显示宫腔内偏强回声,12例呈中低回声,5例呈混合回声,并在残留物基底部彩色多普勒可观察到血流信号或近宫腔处局部肌壁血流丰富区,多普勒能量图能提高血流信号的显示.28例子宫有不同程度增大.结论 彩色多普勒对药物流产后宫内残留物可显示特征性的改变,结合多普勒能量图更有利于超声诊断和临床治疗.     

230例药流后持续阴道出血者子宫声像图与临床对照

目的：探讨超声对药流后阴道出血的评价以及对不全流产的诊断价值。方法：对230例早孕药流后阴道出血患者行超声检查，结果：超声诊断与临床比较准确为80％，药流后随时间延长声像图改变明显，结论：超声检测药物流产后持续阴道出血者子宫的声像图改变，对判断药流是否成功有显著意义。     

Value of sonography in the diagnosis of abnormal vaginal bleeding

Abnormal vaginal bleeding is one of the most common presenting complaints in women of any age seeking gynecologic health care. Two of the most frequently used diagnostic tests to investigate the cause of the bleeding are endometrial biopsy and transvaginal sonography. The most worrisome cause of abnormal bleeding is endometrial carcinoma, yet benign etiologies are far more prevalent, including fibroids, polyps, and endometrial atrophy. Endometrial biopsy and transvaginal sonography have equal sensitivities for carcinoma, but sonography is far more effective in diagnosing benign disease. This article reviews the state-of-the-art in the diagnostic evaluation of abnormal vaginal bleeding and analyzes the data, with emphasis on the prevalence of benign and malignant disease as the basis for determining whether sonography or biopsy is more cost-effective in evaluating women with abnormal vaginal bleeding.     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查药物流产后宫内残留物的临床价值

目的：探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声(TVS-CD)对药物流产后宫内残留物的诊断价值。方法：对46例药物流产后2周仍有阴道出血者进行TVS-CD检查，观察宫腔内情况，并重点监测官腔内及其周围肌壁血流情况。结果：42例官腔内蜕膜、绒毛组织残留者其内显示血流信号或近宫腔处局部肌壁呈血流丰富区，并测到类滋养层血流频谱，是药物流产后阴道出血延长的主要原因。结论：TVS-CD对药物流产后阴道出血时间延长患者寻找原因及临床处理具有重要的指导意义。     

药物流产后出血患者宫腔残留组织结果分析

目的通过B型超声及清宫送病理两种不同方法检测药物流产后阴道出血时间延长患者宫腔内残留组织,探讨米非司酮药物流产后阴道出血时间延长与残留组织（蜕膜／绒毛）的关系。方法对2011年6月-12月144例药物流产后出血患者根据出血时间是否延长（〉15d）,从B型超声情况及清宫病理情况分别研究。结果B型超声提示：出血时间≤15d的96例患者中20例有宫腔残留物,出血时间〉15d的48例患者中20例有官腔残留物,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。清宫病理提示：出血≤15d与出血〉15d宫腔残留组织病理构成比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论药物流产后阴道出血时间延长与宫腔残留有关,与残留组织是否为绒毛或蜕膜无关。     

Sonography in first trimester bleeding

Vaginal bleeding is the most common cause of presentation to the emergency department in the first trimester. Approximately half of patients with first trimester vaginal bleeding will lose the pregnancy. Clinical assessment is difficult, and sonography is necessary to determine if a normal fetus is present and alive and to exclude other causes of bleeding (eg, ectopic or molar pregnancy). Diagnosis of a normal intrauterine pregnancy not only helps the physician in terms of management but also gives psychologic relief to the patient. Improved ultrasound technology and high-frequency endovaginal transducers have enabled early diagnosis of abnormal and ectopic pregnancies, decreasing maternal morbidity and mortality. The main differential considerations of first trimester bleeding are spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, or gestational trophoblastic disease. This article reviews the causes of first trimester bleeding and the sonographic findings, including normal features of first trimester pregnancy.     

Translabial sonography of vaginal fibroids: report of 2 cases and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of translabial sonography in the diagnosis of vaginal fibroids. METHODS: Two women with vaginal masses of undetermined origin were examined by various imaging procedures, including translabial sonography. RESULTS: Initial examinations, which included transabdominal sonography, cystoscopy, and cystourethrography, yielded inconclusive findings. Translabial sonography, however, suggested isolated vaginal leiomyomas in both patients, and in both the diagnosis was confirmed histologically after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Translabial sonography should be considered as an adjunct to transabdominal and transvaginal sonography for patients with suspected vaginal fibroids.     

超声对晚期妊娠阴道出血的诊断价值

目的　探讨超声对晚期妊娠阴道出血的诊断价值。方法　回顾性分析 2 98例晚期阴道出血的病例(孕周 >2 8周 ) ,经超声检查诊断为前置胎盘是 190例 ,胎盘早剥 6 1例 ,子宫破裂 3例。结果　超声对晚期妊娠阴道出血检出率 85 .2 % (2 5 4 / 2 98) ,上述三种产科合并症的诊断符合率分别为 98.9% (188/ 190 )、 88.5 % (5 4 / 6 1)、和 10 0 % (3/ 3)。结论　超声检查能大部分明确晚期阴道出血的病因 ,它是一种快速、安全、无创、准确的检查方法 ,且可重复检查、动态观察 ,有重要的临床应用价值。     

超声对剖宫产瘢痕妊娠的诊断价值

目的 探讨超声在剖官产瘢痕妊娠诊断与治疗中的价值.方法 回顾性分析83例经手术及病理证实的剖宫产瘢痕妊娠病例,总结其主要临床表现、超声特点及超声辅助的治疗方法.结果 在83例剖宫产瘢痕妊娠病例中,根据其超声图像特点分为三型:瘢痕处肌层内孕囊型(35例)、瘢痕处及官腔内孕囊型(13例)、包块型(35例).前两型的主要临床表现为停经后不规则阴道出血(分别为60.0%和61.5%),包块型的主要临床表现为清宫术或药物治疗后持续性阴道出血或血β-HCG水平异常(82.9%).83例中通过超声检查正确诊断为剖宫产瘢痕妊娠者71例,诊断符合率为85.5%.13例瘢痕处肌层内孕囊型、11例瘢痕处及官腔内孕囊型和2例包块型的患者采用经腹超声监测下清官术治疗;2例瘢痕处肌层内孕囊型、1例瘢痕处及宫腔内孕囊型和5例包块型的患者采用经腹超声引导下病灶局部注射甲氨蝶呤治疗.结论 超声对剖宫产瘢痕妊娠的诊断具有重要临床意义,在选择治疗方案、指导治疗及治疗后随诊方面起到重要作用.     

Doppler study of the uterine artery in patients using an intrauterine contraceptive device.

A Doppler flow study of the uterine artery was performed using transvaginal sonography in 68 women, including 44 using an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) and 24 control women who were not using any method of contraception. Both the pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) were significantly lower in women with IUCD-induced bleeding than in those without abnormal vaginal bleeding (p < 0.001) or in women not using any method of contraception (p < 0.001). No significant variations in PI and RI levels (p > 0.05) were found with the duration of IUCD application or the duration of IUCD-induced bleeding in patients using the device. Also, no significant changes in blood flow indices were demonstrated between women using the device without abnormal vaginal bleeding and the control group. These preliminary results suggest that some women are more prone to develop IUCD-induced bleeding than others, and this bleeding may be due to decreased vascular resistance in the uterine artery. Transvaginal Doppler study of the uterine artery may be a helpful technique to identify such women.     

Primary twin ovarian pregnancy: case report and review of the literature

Primary twin ovarian pregnancy is extremely rare. We present one such case in a 25-year-old primigravida who complained of lower abdominal pain and mild vaginal bleeding at 8 weeks after her last menstrual period. Transvaginal sonography revealed an empty uterus and presence of a gestational sac containing 2 dead embryos in the right ovary. The patient underwent unilateral oophorectomy, and histologic studies confirmed a uniovular-diamniotic ovarian pregnancy. A brief review of the literature revealed that primary ovarian pregnancy may occur without any classical antecedent risk factors, and endovaginal sonography can be useful to establish early preoperative diagnosis of ectopic ovarian pregnancy.