Triceps to biceps transfer to restore elbow flexion in biceps paralysis

Objectives  

Achievement of active elbow flexion through transfer of a functional triceps muscle to the paralyzed biceps muscle.     

Pituitary tumorous hyperplasia due to primary hypothyroidism

Background  

To study the diagnostic and therapeutic features of pituitary tumorous hyperplasia due to primary hypothyroidism.     

Visceral adhesions to hernia prostheses

Purpose  

To report our experience with abdominal adhesion formation to various synthetic and biologic prosthetic materials in a rat ventral hernia model.     

Thrombotic microangiopathy due to multiple autoantibodies related to antiphospholipid syndrome

Background  

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a rare disorder in children. More than half of childhood APS occurs as secondary APS complicated by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases.     

A randomized trial to identify optimal precurarizing dose of rocuronium to avoid precurarization-induced neuromuscular block

Purpose  

The aim of this study was to examine the safe precurarizing dose of rocuronium required to avoid neuromuscular block after precurarization.     

Biomechanical evaluation of potential damage to hernia repair materials due to fixation with helical titanium tacks

Background  

This study aimed to determine whether the strength and extensibility of hernia repair materials are negatively influenced by the application of helical titanium tacks.     

The Laparoscopic Approach to Paraesophageal Hernia Repair

Introduction  

Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair continues to be one of the most challenging procedures facing the minimally invasive surgeon.     

Laparoscopy: a safe approach to appendicitis during pregnancy

Background  

The aim of this study was to evaluate laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis during pregnancy.     

Mentoring and telementoring leads to effective incorporation of laparoscopic colon surgery

Background  

A community surgery group was reviewed for 1 year after completion of a laparoscopic colon surgery mentoring program.     

Proanthocyanidin to prevent formation of the reexpansion pulmonary edema

Background  

We aimed to investigate the preventive effect of Proanthocyanidine (PC) in the prevention of RPE formation.     

From ancient to contemporary times: a concise history of incisional hernia repair

Purpose  

This historical review explores the origins of incisional hernia surgery.     

Assessing a clinical pathway to improve the quality of care in pulmonary resections

Purpose  

To evaluate the efficacy of the current clinical pathway for pulmonary resections.     

Dysphagia and Gastroesophageal Junction Resistance to Flow Following Partial and Total Fundoplication

Background  

Esophageal peristalsis and basal gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) pressure correlate poorly with dysphagia.     

Quantifying exposure to chlorhexidine from decontamination of peripheral intravenous injection ports

Background

Annually, almost 2 billion peripheral intravenous cannulas (PIVCs) are placed worldwide. In response to concerns of infectious complications, chlorhexidine is increasingly utilised for maintenance decontamination of PIVC injection ports. Concomitantly, the allergenic potential of chlorhexidine exposures has been highlighted by several case reports, implicating it as a trigger when used for this seemingly innocuous process. Given how widespread this application is, elucidating potential chlorhexidine exposure is needed to gauge its risks and benefits.

Objective

To examine and quantify if chlorhexidine is entrained when used for PIVC injection port cleaning.

Methods

Twenty benchtop PIVC set-ups were cleaned with 2% chlorhexidine and 70% alcohol wipes, following three different pragmatic protocols. Each set-up was injected with 10 ml ultrapure water, and samples tested by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for entrained chlorhexidine.

Results

Chlorhexidine was detected in every sample. Mean concentrations and standard deviations from each protocol were 41.47 ppb (4.08), 54.76 ppb (17.46), and 65.84 ppb (7.01). One-way ANOVA indicated a statistical difference between at least two groups (df = 2, F = 24.11, p < .00001), with Tukey's testing verifying significantly different mean concentrations between all groups (p < .01).

Conclusions

Using 2% chlorhexidine and 70% alcohol swabs to decontaminate PIVC injection ports resulted in consistent entrainment of chlorhexidine, with varying amounts correlated to how it was applied. These results validate case reports attributing anaphylactic/allergic reactions to suspected intravenous chlorhexidine entrainment and should factor into future risk–benefit assessments for its use in PIVC maintenance antisepsis policies and protocols.     

How to Avoid Postoperative Liver Failure: A Novel Method

Background  

Postoperative liver failure (PLF) is the most feared and severe complication after extensive liver resections.     

Injections of Botulinum Toxin A into the detrusor to treat neurogenic detrusor overactivity secondary to spinal cord injury

Background  

To present a comprehensive experience of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injected into the detrusor muscle in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI) causing neurogenic detrusor overactivity.     

Biphasic clinical characteristics of mild to moderate chest trauma according to age

Purpose  

Mild to moderate chest trauma is a common disease, although its clinical characteristics are not well known. We investigated the clinical profiles and the early and long-term outcome of hospitalized patients with chest trauma, focusing particularly on elderly patients.     

Laparoscopic conversion of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to biliopancreatic diversion

Background  

This report describes the laparoscopic conversion of a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) to biliopancreatic diversion (BPD).     

Microperforation of the colon: animal model in rats to reproduce mucosal thermal damage

Background

The aim of the present study was to develop a rat model of colonic microperforation secondary to thermal injury for future studies to assess new treatments.

Methods

Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were used in this study. Hot biopsy forceps were used for all treatments. All lesions were created in proximal left colon using the soft coagulation setting. The power setting tested was 40 W, and the durations of monopolar soft coagulation application evaluated were 2, 3, and 4 s.

Results

In the acute phase, 48 h after thermal injury, durations of cautery of 2 and 3 s resulted in transmural necrosis, whereas with 4 s microperforation was obtained. In the late phase, 7 d after the damage, only duration of cautery of 4 s showed deep cautery effects, with signs of peritonitis.

Conclusions

We determined optimal power settings and duration of therapy in a rat model for producing electrocautery that involves transmural necrosis with microperforation.     

An interactive problem-solving approach to teach traumatology for medical students

Aim  

We aimed to evaluate an interactive problem-solving approach for teaching traumatology from perspectives of students and consider its implications on Faculty development.