30例重复异位妊娠临床分析

目的　探讨重复异位妊娠的病因及其诊断和治疗。方法　回顾分析我院 1993年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年12月的异位妊娠及重复异位妊娠患者的临床资料。结果　 30例重复异位妊娠占同期异位妊娠的 4 .16 %(30 / 72 2例 ) ,年龄中位数为 31.2岁。其中 2 1例行手术治疗 ,对侧输卵管 16例 ,同侧 5例 ,病理检查示 16例伴有慢性输卵管炎。 2次异位妊娠间隔时间为 4～ 14 0个月 ,平均 4 2个月 ,19例间隔时间 <36个月。结论　慢性输卵管炎是重复异位妊娠的主要原因 ,积极防治盆腔炎症性疾病和性传播性疾病 ,做好避孕工作 ,可以降低重复异位妊娠的发生率     

重复异位妊娠69例临床分析

目的:探讨重复异位妊娠的原因、预防及处理方法。方法:对2005年1月~2010年12月住院治疗重复异位妊娠69例进行回顾性分析。结果:两次异位妊娠间隔时间最短5个月,最长9年,平均3年2个月,(3年43例,发生率62.32%,3~5年18例,发生率26.09%,(5年8例,发生率11.59%。首次异位妊娠在本院治疗42例,其中开腹行病侧输卵管切除术13例,开腹保守性手术13例,腹腔镜手术10例,药物保守治疗6例,余27例外院手术23例,药物保守治疗4例,手术及用药情况均不详。结论:发病与首次异位妊娠治疗方式及对侧输卵管壮况关系密切,重复异位妊娠的治疗原则与首次异位妊娠相同,对迫切需要保留生育功能者仍可采用保守性治疗。     

甲氨蝶呤保守治疗后重复异位妊娠22例分析

目的 探讨甲氨蝶呤保守治疗后重复异位妊娠的病因及预防措施.方法 回顾分析我院1996年6月～2006年6月甲氨蝶呤药物保守治疗异位妊娠205例患者的临床资料.将重复异位妊娠22例及同期随访到宫内妊娠40例临床资料进行对比分析.结果 22例重复异位妊娠占同期异位妊娠的10.7%(22/205例).22例中16例行手术治疗,对侧输卵管4例,同侧12例,病理检查示14例伴有慢性输卵管炎.2次异位妊娠间隔时间为3～60个月,平均32个月,15例间隔时间＜12个月.宫内妊娠40例患者中,妊娠发生在治疗后24个月内的37例.辅助中药加物理治疗的有32例,26例妊娠前行输卵管通液术.结论 慢性输卵管炎是重复异位妊娠的主要原因.严格掌握保守治疗指征,严密随访,在血β-hCG降至正常后口服活血化瘀中药并配合物理治疗,治疗过程中及治疗后一年内做好避孕工作,可以降低重复异位妊娠的发生率.     

重复异位妊娠32例临床分析

目的探讨重复异位妊娠的临床特征、诊断、治疗及预防。方法回顾性分析2005年10月～2010年10月在我院住院治疗的32例重复异位妊娠的临床资料。结果异位妊娠32例,占同期异位妊娠7.17%,平均发病年龄（34±0.8）岁,两次异位妊娠平均间隔时间38.72个月,多有停经、腹痛、阴道流血、妇检阳性、hCG增高及B超示附件包块等表现,4例药物保守治疗成功,28例手术治疗,其中保守手术11例,患侧输卵管切除17例,加对侧输卵管结扎5例,术中证实均系输卵管妊娠,有盆腔粘连21例（75%）。结论重复异位妊娠好发于年轻女性,盆腔炎症、首次异位妊娠保守治疗是其发病的高危因素,减少盆腔炎性疾病的发生、首次异位妊娠合理、及时的治疗以及术后有效监测和治疗是预防重复异位妊娠的有效方法。     

甲氨蝶呤保守治疗后重复异位妊娠22例分析

目的 探讨甲氨蝶呤保守治疗后重复异位妊娠的病因及预防措施.方法 回顾分析我院1996年6月～2006年6月甲氨蝶呤药物保守治疗异位妊娠205例患者的临床资料.将重复异位妊娠22例及同期随访到宫内妊娠40例临床资料进行对比分析.结果 22例重复异位妊娠占同期异位妊娠的10.7%(22/205例).22例中16例行手术治疗,对侧输卵管4例,同侧12例,病理检查示14例伴有慢性输卵管炎.2次异位妊娠间隔时间为3～60个月,平均32个月,15例间隔时间＜12个月.宫内妊娠40例患者中,妊娠发生在治疗后24个月内的37例.辅助中药加物理治疗的有32例,26例妊娠前行输卵管通液术.结论 慢性输卵管炎是重复异位妊娠的主要原因.严格掌握保守治疗指征,严密随访,在血β-hCG降至正常后口服活血化瘀中药并配合物理治疗,治疗过程中及治疗后一年内做好避孕工作,可以降低重复异位妊娠的发生率.     

重复异位妊娠80例临床分析

目的探讨重复异位妊娠的相关因素及防治。方法通过对近3年所有异位妊娠及重复异位妊娠的相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果重复异位妊娠80例,占同期937例异位妊娠中的8.5%,94%输卵管切除者的重复异位妊娠发生在对侧;异位妊娠行保守性治疗者（包括保守性手术及药物保守治疗）83.9%的再次异位妊娠发生在原患侧。80例重复异位妊娠患者中,有67例曾行手术治疗,术中发现盆腔粘连38例,输卵管积水2例,合并子宫肌瘤2例,输卵管过长3例,正常盆腔37例。在67例手术患者中证实异位妊娠合并盆腔炎及输卵管炎症者有40例,占59.6%。结论无论是保守治疗（药物保守治疗及手术保守治疗）还是根治性手术治疗（输卵管切除）后重复妊娠率增高。输卵管因素及盆腔炎症是重复异位妊娠的最重要危险因素。本病的发生与盆腔炎症及前次异位妊娠治疗方式有关。应积极治疗盆腔炎症,从首次异位妊娠的防治开始来降低重复异位妊娠的发生率。     

术后重复性异位妊娠病因分析及临床观察

目的：分析术后重复性异位妊娠发生的原因,探讨对术后重复性异位妊娠的防治措施。方法：回顾性分析2006年1月～2009年12月期间我院采取手术治疗的异位妊娠患者413例,其中52例患者发生术后重复异位妊娠,对术后重复性异位妊娠患者的发病及治疗情况进行分析。结果：术后重复异位妊娠的发生率为12.59%,有流产史者38例,有盆腔炎史者33例,有不孕史者10例;患者两次异位妊娠间隔时间4月～7年,≤3年35例（67.31%）;37例输卵管切除术,15例保守性手术。输卵管切除患者发生部位在同侧的2例,在对侧35例,保守性手术治疗者发生在同侧的为8例,在对侧的7例。结论：盆腔粘连及炎症等是术后重复性异位妊娠发生的主要原因,积极防治盆腔病变、严格的避孕措施和正确的手术治疗是防治重复性异位妊娠发生的重要手段。     

重复异位妊娠30例临床分析

目的:探讨重复异位妊娠发生的相关因素、治疗方法及预防措施。方法:对我院2005年1月-2010年12月共收治30例重复异位妊娠患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:重复异位妊娠的发病率为6.18%。重复异位妊娠发生在同侧16例,首次异位妊娠均为保守手术或药物保守治疗15例,其中1例行输卵管切除术后发生输卵管残端妊娠,发生在对侧14例,首次重复异位妊娠行一侧输卵管切除术。结论:重复异位妊娠与盆腔粘连、输卵管炎症及前次异位妊娠的保守治疗有关,重复异位妊娠的治疗可选择腹腔镜手术安全有效。     

重复异位妊娠62例临床分析

目的 探讨重复异位妊娠的病因及临床特点.方法 对1996年5月-2006年5月我院收治的62例重复异位妊娠患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 重复异位妊娠的发生率为7.9%,均为输卵管异位妊娠.62例患者中47例行手术治疗,其中10例行保留输卵管手术,37例行患侧输卵管切除术,术中见盆腔粘连或输卵管炎症者36例;15例行药物保守治疗.结论 输卵管炎症和盆腔粘连是重复异位妊娠发生的重要原因,对重复异位妊娠的治疗应根据盆腔状况及双侧输卵管形态慎重选择治疗方式.     

重复异位妊娠14例临床分析

目的 了解重复异位妊娠病因，提高对本病的认识，寻求及时适当的治疗方案，减轻对患者损伤。方法 对1996年6月-2006年6月我院收治的428例异位妊娠病例进行回顾性调查。分析首次异位妊娠的治疗方法、重复异位妊娠前盆腔操作情况及首次异位妊娠所见输卵管炎情况与重复异位妊娠之间的关系。结果 428例异位妊娠发生重复异位妊娠14例（占3．27％），均经手术探查证实为输卵管妊娠，其中11例输卵管切除者的重复异位妊娠均发生在对侧，而3例保守治疗患者2例发生在原患侧，1例发生在对侧。结论 保守性治疗与盆腔炎症及输卵管炎症是重复异位妊娠的危险因素。治疗应根据患者的生育要求，患侧及对侧输卵管情况及内出血情况等决定。可采取药物保守治疗，输卵管切除或保留输卵管手术。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.