伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复

目的探讨伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复方法。方法对34例伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发畸形的患者,在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术。结果术后随访1~3年,植骨区成活良好,鼻畸形较整形前明显改善,接近正常外形,效果满意。结论在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术,能够取得满意的效果,并且节省了医疗费用,缩短了治疗时间。     

伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复

目的探讨伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复方法.方法对34例伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发畸形的患者,在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术.结果术后随访1～3年,植骨区成活良好,鼻畸形较整形前明显改善,接近正常外形,效果满意.结论在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术,能够取得满意的效果,并且节省了医疗费用,缩短了治疗时间.     

Secondary rhinoplasty in nasal deformity associated with the unilateral cleft lip

The secondary nasal deformity of the unilateral cleft lip involves a retrodisplaced dome of the ipsilateral nasal tip, hooding of the alar rim, a secondary alar-columellar web, and other deficiencies. The sliding-flap cheilorhinoplasty effectively corrects these deformities using a laterally based chondrocutaneous flap. We modified this technique by using an open rhinoplasty approach with the laterally based chondrocutaneous sliding flap. Columellar struts and shield grafts were some of the techniques combined with this approach to produce optimal results. In a total of 7 patients, we performed both the original sliding-flap cheilorhinoplasty and the modified open rhinoplasty, which are described and discussed herein. The laterally based sliding-flap cheilorhinoplasty is an effective technique for correcting both the secondary nasal deformity and the lip scar associated with the unilateral cleft lip.     

单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的治疗

目的：探讨一个治疗唇裂继发畸形鼻畸形的较为全面、可靠的治疗模式。方法：通过设计“全局化”和治疗“个性化”的思路，对引起鼻畸形的各种病理因素进行针对性矫正，同时术后采取确实有效的维持和固定措施。结果：1995年～2007年间治疗唇裂继发畸形鼻畸形357例，术后245例鼻孔基本对称，50例明显改善。结论：本设计思路和手术方法对于唇裂继发畸形鼻畸形治疗是一个合理可靠的模式。     

Cleft lip and cleft rhinoplasty complications

Complications resulting from cleft lip and cleft rhinoplasty surgery are usually due to errors in surgical planning and technique. The various secondary deformities resulting from cleft lip and cleft rhinoplasty surgeries are reviewed and management options discussed.     

Secondary rhinoplasty in unilateral cleft nasal deformity

Secondary rhinoplasty in the unilateral cleft nose represents one of the most difficult problems in rhinoplasty surgery. The sliding cheilorhinoplasty operation is a procedure that aids the correction of the deformed cleft nose. This technique is presented in detail, with operative examples.     

Bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity

Bilateral cleft lip nose deformity is a multi-factorial and complex deformity which tends to aggravate with growth of the child, if not attended surgically. The goals of primary bilateral cleft lip nose surgery are, closure of the nasal floor and sill, lengthening of the columella, repositioning of the alar base, achieving nasal tip projection, repositioning of the lower lateral cartilages, and reorienting the nares from horizontal to oblique position. The multiplicity of procedures in the literature for correction of this deformity alludes to the fact that no single procedure is entirely effective. The timing for surgical intervention and its extent varies considerably. Early surgery on cartilage may adversely affect growth and development; at the same time, allowing the cartilage to grow in an abnormal position and contributing to aggravation of deformity.Some surgeons advocate correction of deformity at an early age. However, others like the cartilages to grow and mature before going in for surgery. With peer pressure also becoming an important consideration during the teens, the current trend is towards early intervention.There is no unanimity in the extent of nasal dissection to be done at the time of primary lip repair. While many perform limited nasal dissection for the fear of growth retardation, others opt for full cartilage correction at the time of primary surgery itself. The value of naso-alveolar moulding (NAM) too is not universally accepted and has now more opponents than proponents. Also most centres in the developing world have neither the personnel nor the facilities for the same. The secondary cleft nasal deformity is variable and is affected by the extent of the original abnormality, any prior surgeries performed and alteration due to nasal growth.This article reviews the currently popular methods for correction of nasal deformity associated with bilateral cleft lip, it''s management both at the time of cleft lip repair and also secondarily, at a later date. It also discusses the practices followed at our centre.     

应用鼻底三角瓣法修复单侧不完全性唇裂

目的应用改进的鼻底三角瓣法修复单侧不完全性唇裂,以获得更加良好的上唇外形.方法对单侧不完全性唇裂的首次手术,于患侧鼻底部设计三角皮瓣转移下降上唇,白唇部裂隙切口直线缝合.结果 66例患者修复后上唇外形良好,双侧上唇高度对称,人中形状完整.结论鼻底三角瓣法适用于单侧不完全性唇裂的修复.     

应用鼻底三角瓣法修复单侧不完全性唇裂

目的　应用改进的鼻底三角瓣法修复单侧不完全性唇裂 ,以获得更加良好的上唇外形。方法　对单侧不完全性唇裂的首次手术 ,于患侧鼻底部设计三角皮瓣转移下降上唇 ,白唇部裂隙切口直线缝合。结果　 6 6例患者修复后上唇外形良好 ,双侧上唇高度对称 ,人中形状完整。结论　鼻底三角瓣法适用于单侧不完全性唇裂的修复     

Open tip rhinoplasty along with the repair of cleft lip in cleft lip and palate cases.

This paper is a report on a procedure to perform open tip rhinoplasty at the time of lip repair in unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate deformity. A total of 69 patients who had this operation between 1994 and 1997 have been reviewed. Conventionally there is hesitation to do radical nasal correction for the cleft lip patient because of the fear of possible growth retardation. The present technique, while it achieves excellent postoperative results constantly, does not entail any more trauma to the cartilage complex than any of the conventional closed rhinoplasty techniques. Early results obtained by this method appear to be superior to those by closed rhinoplasty techniques.     

肋软骨支架与颗粒肋软骨联合移植在单侧唇裂鼻畸形整复中的应用研究

目的 研究评价肋软骨支架与颗粒软骨联合移植在单侧唇裂鼻畸形整复中的治疗效果.方法 自2010-2012年,对收治的17例单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形合并鼻背低平的患者,应用肋软骨支架整复鼻小柱、鼻尖、颗粒软骨填充鼻背及患侧鼻翼基底部的方法进行鼻畸形整复.结果 术后鼻小柱及鼻尖居中,鼻尖点明显,鼻背抬高、无偏斜,患侧鼻翼基底凹陷较前减轻,双侧鼻孔大小差异减小.其中,10例患者术后3~6个月鼻背植入软骨有少量吸收,但不影响鼻背的整体形态.结论 肋软骨支架与颗粒软骨联合移植可以有效整复单侧唇裂鼻畸形,操作相对简单,鼻背增高充分,所需肋骨骨量相对较少,术后无偏斜,手术效果满意,是一种切实可行的方法.     

三维扫描技术对单侧完全性唇裂同期鼻整形并行鼻撑矫形的效果分析

目的：观察单侧完全性唇裂（unilateral complete cleft lip,UCCP）同期鼻整形联合硅橡胶鼻撑或鼻模（Nasal Split,NS）矫形的临床效果,为单侧完全性唇裂同期鼻整形联合硅橡胶鼻撑矫形的可行性提供临床依据。方法：选取2007年1月～2008年2月我院手术治疗单侧完全性唇裂患儿72例,根据有无同期进行鼻整形联合硅橡胶鼻撑矫形分为实验组（同期鼻整形联合硅橡胶鼻撑矫形）及对照组（未行同期鼻整形联合硅橡胶鼻撑矫形）,每组36例,利用三维扫描仪（Three Dimensional Sensing System,3DSS）,对每组患儿进行面部可见光三维扫描采集鼻部形态数据,进行统计学分析。结果：两组在鼻翼长度、鼻基部长度、鼻孔高度、鼻孔宽度、鼻尖偏斜度方面具有明显统计学差异性,而在鼻偏曲度、鼻翼口角距、鼻翼唇峰距方面无明显统计学差异。结论：实验组与对照组在鼻翼长度、鼻基部长度、鼻孔高度、鼻孔宽度、鼻尖偏斜度方面的改善上明显优于对照组,单侧完全性唇裂同期鼻整形联合硅橡胶鼻撑矫形的方法能够减轻继发鼻畸形的程度,为鼻畸形二期整复创造条件。     

Management of the cleft lip nasal deformity

Management of the cleft lip nasal deformity offers a unique and ongoing challenge in facial plastic surgery. Although there has been no consensus regarding the optimal timing and technique for surgical repair of this deformity, the authors have found a three-tiered approach to be satisfactory. This approach involves a primary rhinoplasty performed at the time of the initial cleft lip repair to address reconstruction of the nasal floor and sill, columellar lengthening, repositioning of the alar base, and repositioning of the skin and mucosa of the lower lateral cartilage. Following alveolar bone grafting, an intermediate rhinoplasty is often performed at 6 to 10 years of age through an open approach to correct the cartilaginous lower nasal deformity. A delayed rhinoplasty is then performed in the later teenage years to correct the bony dorsal deformity and the various causes of nasal obstruction.     

Centripetal rotation-advancement for cleft lip nasal deformities

A technique for reconstruction of the bilateral cleft lip nose is described. The literature for bilateral cleft lip nasal repair and the use of autogenous cartilage grafts is reviewed.     

单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的修复

目的 通过分析单侧唇裂鼻畸形成因、病理解剖改变,探索修复单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形有效可靠的方法.方法 57例单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形患者,采用颌骨裂隙植骨,鼻翼软骨两内侧脚间植入髂骨皮质骨片,依健侧鼻孔形态,选择鼻翼软骨截断部位和悬吊方式,重建鼻翼软骨肌肉环,术后用管状支撑物插入鼻孔保持3个月.结果 术后将鼻翼塌陷、鼻尖、鼻孔、鼻小柱与术前对比评价,满意率为93%（53例）.术后随访3～24个月,52例疗效稳定,5例出现轻度复发.结论 单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形成因复杂,通过颌骨、鼻翼软骨、鼻唇肌肉组织的综合矫治,可有效地改善畸形.并通过稳定牢固的悬吊和恢复肌力的平衡,增强疗效的稳定性,可有效地改善畸形.