中美两国注册护士考试的研究与进展

为保证护士执业的基本质量,许多国家实行护士执业资格考试制度.护士执业资格考试既是对护理人才培养结果的检验,又是对人才培养具有极强的导向作用。文章重点分析了中、美两国注册护士考试在考试的形式、内容、评价策略等方面的研究与进展,以期为完善和发展我国护士执业资格考试制度提供借鉴,从而更好地发挥其行业准人的功能.     

国内外护士执业资格考试的现状与发展趋势

为规范护理行为、保证护士队伍的执业素质,许多国家都把通过护士执业资格考试作为护士执业的必备条件。护士执业资格考试作为护理行业的准入考试,在各国的护理教育中发挥着越来越重要的质量监控作用,对保证护理服务质量有着举足轻重的作用。本文以日本、美国、英国为代表,介绍了国外护士执业资格考试的概况,同时回顾我国护士执业资格考试的发展历程,并分析了护士执业资格考试的特点和发展趋势,以期为完善和发展我国护士执业资格考试制度提供借鉴。     

中美注册护士考试的比较与启示

通过中美注册护士考试的比较总结两国该方面的差异，为完善我国护士执业资格考试提供借鉴。美国注册护士考试体系形成了较成熟的技术操作方案，能较好地满足执业准人考试的要求。我国护士执业资格考试在考试形式、考试内容、考试题型及合格标准等方面还存在不足。美国注册护士考试体系为我国护士执业考试的改革提供了经验。我国应该完善考试的组织管理系统和相关制度规定，实现计算机化考试形式，改革考试设计和合格标准，探索操作技能考查办法。     

中美两国护士注册制度的比较及其启示

目的通过中美两国护士注册制度的比较,以期为我国的护士注册制度发展和完善提出启示及建议。方法在文献研究基础上,采用布雷迪（Bereday G．）经典“比较四步法”对两国护士注册制度进行描述、解释、并列和比较。结果中美两国护士注册制度在护士注册分类、护士课程要求、执业考试、执业记录、执照更新、注册机构等方面仍存在着一些差距。结论建议中国完善立法建立分层次护士注册制度、专科护士注册及准人制度和护士执照延续注册标准。     

中美注册护士考试应试教材内容对比和分析

目的：比较中美注册护士考试应试指南的内容,为我国注册护士考试的教材编写和护士培养方向提供建议。方法：采用两本教材内容进行对照比较。结果：美国教材内容即时全面、贴近临床、更注重护士临床工作能力和应变能力的培养。结论：我国的注册护士考试应试教材应作适度的结构性调整,在深度和广度上朝着符合临床现状,更注重护士临床工作能力的培养迈进。     

研究护士在国内新药临床试验中的现状与进展

新药临床试验研究属于人体生物医学研究范畴,是新药开发研制过程中不可缺少而又极其重要的阶段。新药临床研究者通过试验,掌握人体对新药的耐受程度、新药的药代动力学指标以及药物的安全性、有效性研究数据,为药品上市提供临床相关依据。由于     

中美两国麻醉专科护士工作范围的比较

目的比较中美两国麻醉专科护士工作范围的异同,为探讨我国麻醉专科护师的建设提供借鉴。方法以布雷迪的比较教育学经典四步法对中美两国麻醉专科护士工作范围进行描述、解释、并列、比较。结果由于中美两国卫生政策及医疗保健水平的不同,中美两国麻醉专科护士工作范围在临床实践、管理、教育、科研等4个方面都有较大的差异。结论虽然我国麻醉专科护师的工作范围较现有的麻醉护士有所扩展,但仍与美国麻醉专科护士有差别。未来中国的麻醉专科护士不仅参与和协助麻醉医师的完成麻醉过程,而且将更多地关注麻醉过程中患者安全与舒适。     

专业护士管理的进展

对专业护士的定义、角色、作用及专业护士的资格认证、培训、管理等方面的进展进行了系统阐述 ,并提出了专业护士进一步发展尚需解决的问题。     

中美注册护士考试大纲的比较与启示

目的通过对中美注册护士考试大纲进行比较,为完善中国内地护士执业资格考试提供借鉴。方法采取比较研究方法为主,辅以文献研究法。结果美国注册护士考试大纲更贴近临床护理实践,能较好地满足执业准入水平的要求。中国护士执业资格考试大纲在制订依据、考试内容及考查方式等方面还存在不足。结论美国注册护士考试大纲为中国考试大纲的修订提供了一定的借鉴,建议对中国护士执业考试大纲进行改革。     

护理人员核心能力的研究与进展

核心能力于20世纪90年代中期“登陆”中国,很快被敏锐的企业家们所接受,开始应用于日常运营、战略管理和可持续发展中,直至21世纪初,核心竞争力、核心能力等字眼才出现在医院管理面前。现就护理人员核心能力的研究与进展作一综述。     

美国高级助产护士的发展现状及启示

高级助产护士为获得研究生学位并在助产士教育和认证之前接受过护理培训的助产士,属于高级实践护士的一种。该文对美国高级助产护士的起源与定义、教育水平、核心能力、认证要求、实践范围、对产妇及新生儿的影响进行综述,分析高级助产护士在我国发展遇到的挑战,旨在为我国高级助产护士的发展提供借鉴。     

美国骨科开业护士与我国骨科专科护士的发展现状及启示

美国骨科开业护士发展较早、培养体系成熟,该文从美国骨科开业护士的起源与发展、准入条件与认证考核、实践范畴、培养模式、继续教育等方面分析,结合国内骨科专科护士现状,对骨科专科护士工作和培养进行综述,为国内培养应用型骨科专科护理人才提供借鉴。     

Comparative trend analysis of characteristics of internationally educated nurses and U.S. educated nurses in the United States

AIM: This study compares characteristics of internationally educated nurses (IENs) and US educated nurses in the USA and examines trends and implications. BACKGROUND: Internationally educated nurses have been an integral part of the US nurse workforce since the end of the Second World War, especially since the immigration reform in 1965. With the worsening nurse shortage, US employers are intensifying their recruitment efforts by targeting IENs. METHODS: Secondary analysis using datasets from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses conducted during 1977-2000 in the USA. RESULTS: Findings indicated that there were important differences between IENs and US educated nurses in their trends of demographical, educational and employment characteristics over time. As a group, IENs were younger but more experienced as nurses and better prepared educationally; worked more hours in both primary and secondary nursing positions; and were primarily employed in urban hospitals as staff nurses in direct care roles, with an increasing proportion working in extended care facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Inter-group and intra-group comparisons suggest that (a) IENs were likely to have longer, more productive nursing careers, (b) because of their demographical and employment characteristics, IENs had a greater impact on relieving the US nurse shortage per capita during 1977-2000, and (c) IENs were making increasingly important contributions to the care of Americans, particularly older Americans and those cared for in inner city hospitals.     

我国31个省份三级医院专科护士培养及管理的现状调查

目的调查我国31个省份三级医院专科护士的培养及管理现状,为规范三级医院专科护士的培养及使用提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法,于2018年8月—9月抽取31个省、自治区、直辖市的792所三级综合或专科医院的护理部专科护士负责人作为调查对象,自行设计调查问卷,并以电子问卷的形式进行调查。结果三级医院拥有的专科护士数量达到45.5(18.0,100.0)名,涉及的专科护士种类多样;专科护士学历以本科为主、中级职称最多,省级护理学会培养的专科护士最多;专科护士在临床发挥的角色主要体现在专科护理(97.3%)、护理管理(81.2%)、护理教学(77.5%)、护理科研(61.9%)等方面;目前针对专科护士管理的相关制度有岗位管理制度(92.0%)、考核制度(69.8%)、晋升制度(49.4%)、薪酬制度(38.0%);管理者对专科护士在临床发挥的作用较为满意,认为影响专科护士发挥临床作用的因素:支持政策不够(80.9%)、临床工作负荷过重(79.3%)、角色定位不清(67.9%)、岗位职责不明(57.6%)。管理者认为目前专科护士培养仍存在无再认证(63.6%)、质量参差不齐(58.0%)、缺乏统一认...     

Perceptions of registered nurses working with assistive personnel in the United Kingdom and the United States

This study examines registered nurse perceptions of their role in acute care hospitals that use nursing care assistants (NCA) and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Also studied was registered nurse (RN) satisfaction with nursing care assistants and unlicensed assistive personnel in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States of America (USA). The purpose of this study is to assist RNs and managers in the re-design of health-care delivery systems by investigating: 1. The differences and similarities of registered nurses in the UK and the USA in the perceptions of changes in the RN role when working with nursing care assistants or unlicensed assistive personnel. 2. The differences between and similarities of registered nurses in the UK and the USA in perceptions of NCA and UAP abilities to perform delegated duties, to communicate pertinent clinical information and to provide more time for professional nursing activities. Registered nurse perceptions in the UK were compared with the findings of a previous study of RN role changes and satisfaction in the USA. Registered nurses in the UK did not perceive a profound change in their role when working with UAP and were more satisfied with their use than were RNs in the USA.