人胎肾上腺,肝和肾内谷胱甘肽相关酶活性

目的：通过谷胱甘肽相关酶活性及其在亚细胞分布，了解胎肾上腺在发育期间对活性代谢产物的解毒处理能力。方法：制备肾上腺、肝亚细胞组分。测定谷胱甘肽转移酶（ＧＳＴ）、还原酶、过氧化物酶。结果：ＧＳＴ在胎肾上腺微粒体、线粒体、胞浆中含量分别是肝各亚细胞组分中的３７３％、２７０％和民６７％、肾上腺微粒体ＧＳＴ活性与细胞色素Ｐ－４５０、与氨基比林脱甲基酶活性皆呈正相关，肾上腺线粒体谷胱甘肽还原酶、过氧化物分别     

Glutathione-related enzyme activities in human fetal adrenal,liver,and kidney

目的：通过测定谷胱甘肽相关酶活性及其在亚细胞分布，了解胎肾上腺在发育期间对活性代谢产物的解毒处理能力．方法：制备肾上腺、肝亚细胞组分．测定谷胱甘肽转移酶（ＧＳＴ）、还原酶、过氧化物酶．结果：ＧＳＴ在胎肾上腺微粒体、线粒体、胞浆中含量分别是肝各亚细胞组分中的３７３％、２７０％和１６７％．肾上腺微粒体ＧＳＴ活性与细胞色素Ｐ４５０、与氨基比林脱甲基酶活性皆呈正相关．肾上腺线粒体谷胱甘肽还原酶、过氧化物酶分别是肝线粒体中的５０６％和４８２％．结论：胎肾上腺有比胎肝更大的解毒能力．提示胎肾上腺兼有药物代谢器官的功能．     

慢性肺心病患者抗氧化酶和血清丙二醛水平的变化

本文对４２例肺心病患者及３０例健康对照组进行了氧自由基代谢状况的研究，发现肺心病患者存在着严重的自由基代谢紊乱，患者体内自由基清除剂ＳＯＤ及ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活力下降，而自由基与不饱和脂肪酸过氧化所形成的产物ＭＤＡ水平增高。为肺心病发病机理提供新的资料。     

肾上腺髓质素与胎儿生长受限的关系

目的 探讨肾上腺髓质素(ADM)与胎儿生长受限(FGR)的关系.方法 应用酶联免疫吸附试验分别测定20例FGR孕妇(FGR组)和同期住院的20例正常妊娠妇女(对照组)外周血和脐血血清ADM水平,同时采用超声多普勒方法测定FGR组孕妇孕晚期脐血流及胎儿血流相关动力学指标.结果 FGR组孕妇脐血ADM为(25.42±6.65)μg/L,高于对照组的(21.37±5.42)μg/L(P<0.05);外周血血清ADM为(22.04±4.99)μg/L,亦高于对照组的(17.61±1.56)μg/L(P＜0.05).孕妇脐血ADM高于其外周血(P<0.05).FGR孕妇脐血ADM水平与胎儿大脑中动脉搏动指数呈负相关(r=-0.98,P<0.01).结论 ADM可能参与FGR的病理生理过程,并影响胎儿-胎盘循环的血流重建.     

阿魏酸钠对乙醇所致小鼠肝脏抗氧化功能改变的拮抗作用

研究了不同剂量乙醇对小鼠抗氧化和解毒功能的影响以及阿魏酸钠的拮抗作用。结果表明,大剂量乙醇(11.4g·kg^-1ig)引起肝脏GSH-Px活性升高的同时,肝脏GSH-Re,SOD和GST活性降低,GSH耗竭,而血清GST升高;阿魏酸钠(100mg·kg^-1ig,qd×10)预处理则明显拮抗大剂量乙醇所致的上述改变。表明阿魏酸钠对急性乙醇所致肝损害具有良好保护作用,其机理可能与提高GSH氧化还原酶功能、增加SOD活性和增强GSH结合反应有关。研究结果还提示,血清GST水平是反映乙醇性肝损害的灵敏指标。     

小麦胚芽油体内外抗氧化作用的研究

目的研究小麦胚芽油的体外自由基清除率及影响大鼠体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的酶比活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。方法采用α,α-二苯-β-苦味肼(DPPH)法、[2,2-连氮-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐](ABTS)法计算自由基清除率(Inhibition percent IP);比色法测定大鼠肝组织及血清SOD、GSH-Px酶比活力及MDA含量。结果小麦胚芽油清除自由基能力与其浓度呈明显的量效(正比)关系。与空白对照组比较,中、高剂量组SOD、GSH-Px酶比活力显著提高,MDA含量降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论小麦胚芽油具有明显的体内外抗氧化作用。     

三维超声测量不同孕周胎儿肾上腺大小及其临床意义

目的探讨三维超声测量不同孕周胎儿肾上腺大小及其临床意义。方法统计238例我院产检对象752人次三维超声测量的胎儿肾上腺大小值，分析肾上腺大小与孕周及生产情况的关系。结果肾上腺大小与孕周呈正相关，肾上腺左侧长径、。肾上腺右侧长径、左侧肾上腺容积、右侧肾上腺容积与胎龄相关系数，分别为0．9730、0．9801、0．9258、0．9283，P〈0．05。正常顺产胎儿肾上腺较特殊情况下剖腹产胎儿肾上腺大。结论监测胎儿肾上腺大小对于评价胎儿在宫内情况有一定意义。     

复方余甘果饮液抗氧化作用的研究

余甘果产于我国的南方 ,果实具有生津、平气的作用 ,当地百姓常用于疗治咽喉肿痛。但其抗氧化作用还尚未见报道。衰老机制的自由基学说是目前解释衰老的重要学说。经国内外学者研究 ,机体内自由基作用的产物———脂质过氧化物 (LPO)的含量随增龄而增加[1,2 ] ,而具有抗自由基作用的超氧化物岐化酶 (SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH Px)等抗氧化酶的活力随增龄而降低[2 4] 。我们从人体实验和动物实验 2方面 ,研究了自制的复方余甘果饮液 (下文简称饮液 )的抗氧化作用。1　材料与方法1 1　材料　自制饮液。1 2　人体实验　对象 :身体基…     

胎儿肾上腺髓质脑内移植术临床应用研究

本研究自一九八六年首先应用同种异体胎儿肾上腺髓质脑内移植,治疗七例重症震颤麻痹,术后五例显著进步,三例进步;脑脊液中多巴胺代谢产物(HVA)明显增加(P<0.001)。胎儿肾上腺髓质脑内移植有临床意义和推广价值。     

脑卒中患者血清脂质过氧化物含量和红细胞中抗氧化酶活性的观察

本文测定55例急性脑卒中患者血清脂质过氧化物(LPO)、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSHPX),并与健康对照组比较,发现患者组LPO增高而SOD和GSHPX活性降低。在脑血栓患者LPO增高与SOD、GSHPX下降呈负相关,而脑出血者无此类负相关。提示脑血栓与脑出血在发生、发展上有很大的区别。本文对这些变化的可能的机理和临床意义进行了讨论。     

低碘对大鼠脑组织抗氧化能力的影响

目的 :研究低碘对大鼠脑组织抗氧化能力的影响。方法 :20只清洁级Wistar大鼠随机分为低碘组 (LI)、适碘组 (NI) ,6个月后测定24h尿碘含量、甲状腺质量、脑组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -Px)活性及丙二醛 (MDA)含量。结果 :LI组甲状腺质量、24h尿碘含量明显低于NI组 (P<0.01) ;与NI组相比LI组GSH -Px降低 ,而MDA升高 (P<0.01) ,2组间SOD差别无统计学意义。结论 :低碘6个月的大鼠脑组织抗氧化能力降低 ,无法保护脑组织免受自由基的损伤     

Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidant enzyme activities in diabetic rats

1. Oxidative damage has been suggested to be a contributory factor in the development and complications of diabetes. Recently, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has gained considerable interest as an anti-oxidant. Various studies have indicated the anti- oxidant effects of ALA and its reduced form dihydrolipoic acid. Therefore, it appears that these compounds have important therapeutic potential in conditions where oxidative stress is involved. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ALA supplementation on lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidant enzyme activities in various tissues in diabetic rats. 2. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection in the two groups of rats to be supplemented and not to be supplemented with ALA. Another group of rats, which received saline injection, formed the control group. After 5 weeks of diabetes, rats were killed. In order to assess the redox status of various organs in the diabetic and control rats, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (G-Px) and glutathione reductase (G-Red) activities were determined in the liver, pancreas and kidney. 3. In both diabetic groups, TBARS levels and SOD activity were increased in the liver and pancreas, G-Px and G-Red activities were increased in the kidney and GSH levels were decreased in all organs compared with controls. In the ALA- supplemented group, TBARS levels were decreased, GSH levels were increased in the liver and pancreas, SOD activity was decreased in the liver, G-Px activity remained unchanged in all tissues and G-Red activity was increased in the pancreas compared with the diabetic group that did not receive ALA supplementation. 4. In conclusion, ALA supplementation has disparate effects on the redox status of different organs. These data are not sufficient for confirmation the beneficial effects of ALA supplementation on the redox status of various organs in diabetic rats.     

地尔硫对冠心病的抗氧化作用

目的：观察地尔硫对冠心病病人的抗脂质过氧化及抗氧自由基作用。方法：冠心病病人３０例为治疗组（男性２１例，女性９例，年龄５８±ｓ６ａ），给予地尔硫３０ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，共４ｗｋ。健康人组３０例（男性１８例，女性１２例，年龄５８±９ａ）。结果：治疗组在给药前较健康人组的血清ｏｘＬＤＬ，ＬＰＯ，ＳＣＬ，ＬＣＬ值显著升高，Ｐ＜０．０１，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ显著降低，Ｐ＜０．０１，ＳＯＤ活力两者无明显差异，Ｐ＞０．０５。治疗组用药后与用药前相比ｏｘＬＤＬ，ＬＰＯ，ＳＣＬ，ＬＣＬ值显著下降，Ｐ＜０．０１或＜０．０５，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ显著升高，Ｐ＜０．０１，治疗组治疗后与健康人组相比，除ＬＣＬ外，其他指标皆无明显差异，Ｐ＞０．０５。结论：地尔硫是一良好的抗氧化剂。     

Effect of quercetin,genistein and kaempferol on glutathione and glutathione-redox cycle enzymes in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes

Context and objective: Many studies have shown that cellular redox potential is largely determined by glutathione (GSH), which accounts for more than 90% of cellular nonprotein thiols. The aim of this study was to delineate the effect of three flavonoids – namely, quercetin, kaempferol and genistein – and exogenous GSH on oxidative damage by the Fenton’s pathway through the GSH and GSH-redox cycle enzymes in 3T3-L1 cells. Materials and methods: 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were exposed to each flavonoid and GSH at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25?µM and then GSH levels and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Results: Exogenous GSH did not have significant effect on intracellular GSH although slight decrease was observed at 15–25?µM doses. However, each of the three flavonoids sustained intracellular GSH levels in the cells as compared to the respective controls. Quercetin had the most profound effect, followed by kaempferol and genistein in that order. GSH-Px, GSH-Rx and SOD activities increased for all the doses tested compared to their respective controls. Again, quercetin had the maximum increase in enzyme activities followed by kaempferol and genistein for the enzymes tested. Discussion and conclusion: These findings suggest that the flavonoids play an important role in diminishing oxidation-induced biochemical damages. The enhancement of these enzymes may increase the resistance of the organism against oxidative damage by the Fenton’s pathway.     

人胎肾上腺线粒体细胞色素P-450体外脱甲基功能(英文)

目的:了解胎肾上腺线粒体代谢外源性化合物的能力和特征,方法:制备亚细胞组分,酶学检测脱甲基反应代谢产物—甲醛的含量,结果:在光谱分析和SDS-PAGE证实线粒体存在P-450的基础上,进一步证明线粒体P-450具有脱甲基功能,其脱甲基作用呈蛋白浓度(1-4 mg)和反应时间(10-30 min)依赖性增加,与底物浓度间有良好的量效关系,并与胎龄呈正比,线粒体中红霉素、苄非他明和氨基比林的脱甲基反应分别为微粒体中的89％,162％和62％。醋竹桃霉素增强肾上腺的红霉素脱甲基反应。结论:胎肾上腺线粒体有较强的脱甲基功能,提示胎儿肾上腺线粒体兼有药物代谢功能。     

细胞色素P450 3A在胎肾上腺和胎肝中的表达

采用酶学和逆转录聚合酶链式反应 ( RT-PCR)技术 ,研究与药物代谢密切相关的细胞色素P450 3A( CYP3A)在胎肾上腺和胎肝中的表达 .结果表明 ,胎肾上腺微粒体中苄非他明 ,氨基比林 ,红霉素 N-脱甲基酶和睾酮 6β-羟化酶活性分别为胎肝微粒体的 2 1 % ,2 60 % ,1 0 5%和 33% .CYP诱导剂苯巴比妥能显著增加体外培养胎肾上腺细胞中苄非他明和氨基比林 N-脱甲基酶活性 ,诱导剂地塞米松也能明显诱导红霉素 N-脱甲基酶活性 .RT- PCR表明胎肾上腺和胎肝中存在 CYP3A7m RNA表达 .说明胎肾上腺和胎肝中存在 CYP3A亚族 .上述结果提示处于发育时期的肾上腺具有与胎肝能力相当的药物代谢功能 .     

D-R聚甘酯对局灶性脑缺血大鼠的保护作用

目的研究D-聚甘酯(多糖类化合物)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤(RI)的保护作用及其可能机制。方法用改良Longa法,建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血2 h再灌注损伤模型,观察D-聚甘酯对脑缺血再灌注大鼠的脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量及对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性的影响。结果模型组大鼠在RI 24 h、RI 72 h及RI 144h时,MDA含量明显高于假手术组;而SOD和GSH-PX活性降低。D-聚甘酯可降低MDA含量,升高SOD和GSH-PX活性,尤其是在RI 144 h。结论 D-聚甘酯对脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与抗缺血性脑组织中的自由基有关。