白细胞介素—2测定对诊断结核性胸腹水的价值

用放射免疫分析法（ＲＩＡ）检测了６９例结核性和非结核性（癌性及漏出液）胸腹水中的白细胞介素—２（ＩＬ—２）。结果显示：结核组ＩＬ—２水平明显增高（７．２０±３．２６μｇ／Ｌ），与癌性胸腹水组（３．５２±２．５８μｇ／Ｌ）及漏出液组（１．６９±１．４１μｇ／Ｌ）比较差异有极高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）。与胸腹水中腺苷脱氨酶（ＡＤＡ）呈正相关［ｒ＝０．３４，Ｐ（单侧）＜０．０５］，敏感度为８５．１９％，特异度为８５．３３％。提示用本法检测胸腹水中的ＩＬ—２水平对结核性胸腹水的诊断及鉴别诊断有重要意义。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病和肺心病急性加重期sIL－2R的研究

应用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定３２例慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）、３０例慢性肺心病急性加重期患者和３０例健康人血清可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）。结果：健康人血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ平均值为３１４．８±７１．９ｕ／ｍｌ。ＣＯＰＤ组和肺心病组血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ平均伍分别为５８２．４±２８５．９ｕ／ｍｌ、７９３．２±４７６．３ｕ／ｍｌ，明显高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＣＯＰＤ和肺心病组间比较结果：肺心病组明显高于ＣＯＰＤ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

狼疮性肾炎患者尿内白细胞介素2受体和免疫球蛋白自由轻链的…

对３０例狼疮性肾炎（ＬＮ）病人尿中可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）和免疫球蛋白自由轻链（ＦＬＣＩ）进行检测。发现ＬＮ活动组的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ平均值为１６０±１８０Ｕ／ｍｌ，明显高于ＬＮ非活动组（９２±２３Ｕ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０５）和正常对照组（８５±１９Ｕ／ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．００１）；ＬＮ活动组尿ＦＬＣＩ的阳性率（７７％）亦明显ＬＮ非活动组１５％，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示尿液中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ和ＦＬＣＩ的增多     

柯萨奇B组病毒性心肌炎患儿血清可溶性白细胞介素—2受体水平测定

本文作者对５６例病毒性心肌炎患儿，进行了柯萨奇病毒Ｂ组（ＣｏｘＢ）抗体的检测。其中３２例抗ＣｏｘＢＩｇＭ阳性，阳性率为５７．１％，明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法，对抗ＣｏｘＢＩｇＭ阳性的３２例心肌炎患儿血清中可溶性白细胞介素—２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平进行了检测。结果表明，ＣｏｘＢ病毒感染的心肌炎患儿ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平为６７９．００±３５５．０７Ｕ／ｍｌ，健康同龄组为１５７．８７±１５７．２４Ｕ／ｍｌ，二者相比差异显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示ＣｏｘＢ病毒心肌炎存在细胞免疫紊乱。     

免疫性疾病患者血清可溶性白细胞介素－2受体水平

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心法检测１１０例免疫性疾病患者血清可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平，与正常人比较，系统性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）、特发性血小板减少紫癜（ＩＴＰ）、自身免疫性溶血性贫血（ＨＡ）、Ｅｖａｎｓ综合征等病患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ均有不同程度增高，分别为１３４１．７±５６５．７，１１４３．１±３４７．８，１３３０．９±３５７．０和１４４１．３±９７．２Ｕ／ｍｌ，且与正常对照（４１９．１±２４３．７）间差异存在显著性。ＩＴＰ病人ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ与末梢血小板数量呈明显负相关；ＳＬＥ活动期和非活动期患者ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ差别显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）。认为ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ可作为免疫性疾病诊断、病情监测及反映机体免疫功能状况的一个有用指标。     

肺癌患者血清可溶性白细胞介素6受体含量观察

目的探讨可溶性白细胞介素６受体（ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ）在肺癌免疫机制中的作用及临床意义。方法用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验检测２１例肺癌患者和２０例正常对照者的血清ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ水平。结果肺癌组患者血清ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ水平（７８．２±２２．１ｎｇ／ｍｌ）明显高于健康对照组（３６．０±１５．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。肺癌Ⅰ～Ⅱ期者血清ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ水平（６５．６±１８．３ｎｇ／ｍｌ）明显低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期者（９０．２±２６．６ｎｇ／ｍｌ）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。肺癌化疗后血清ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ水平较化疗前下降,但差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ｓＩＬ－６Ｒ参与肺癌的发生和发展。测定肺癌患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素６受体水平,对肺癌的病情监测有一定价值     

Graves病淋巴细胞白介素2受体及转铁蛋白受体的表达

应用卵白素·生物素·过氧化物酶复合物（ＡＢＣ）法检测５４例Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病患者外周血淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２Ｒ，ＣＤ２５及ＴｆＲ，ＣＤ７１的表达。结果表明，Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病亢进期患者ＩＬ－２Ｒ与ＴｆＲ均显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），缓解期ＩＬ－２Ｒ及ＴｆＲ迅速恢复（与亢进期比，Ｐ＜０．００１），但ＩＬ－２Ｒ仍高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），而ＴｆＲ与正常对照组差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），ＩＬ－２Ｒ与Ｔ３（ｒ＝０．５８６８，Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｔ４（ｒ＝０．４９８５，Ｐ＜０．０１）呈正相关，ＴｆＲ与Ｔ３（ｒ＝０．４８５２，Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｔ４（ｒ＝０．４２３８，Ｐ＜０．０１）呈正相关，并对Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病出现ＩＬ－２Ｒ及ＴｆＲ变化的意义进行了讨论     

慢性肾衰腹膜透析患者白细胞介素Ⅱ受体的测定

本文测定２６例慢性肾衰腹膜透析患者外周血单个核细胞白细胞介素Ⅱ受体（ＰＢＭＣｍＩＬ－２Ｒ）表达、血浆可溶性白细胞介素Ⅱ受体ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、Ｔ细胞亚群及ＮＫ细胞活性。结果为慢性肾衰腹膜透析患者ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达（４１．７±７．６７％）明显低于正常对照组（５２．９８±４．９９％）；ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平（７８７．６９±２７９．２３ｕ／ｍｌ）明显高于对照组（３０４．０５±１２４．１２μ／ｍｌ）；Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值和ＮＫ细胞活性也明显低于对照组。相关分析表明ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达与Ｔ４呈正相关（ｒ＝０．４５，Ｐ＜０．０５）；而与ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、ＮＫ活性无关。由于ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达减少，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平升高可使ＩＬ－２生物学功能发挥受限，并抑制活化的Ｔ细胞，故推测慢性肾衰腹透患者细胞免疫功能低下可能与此有关。     

SIL－2R对结核性和癌性胸膜炎的鉴别诊断价值

采用酶联免疫吸附法检测了１９例结核性和１８例癌性胸膜炎患者血清和胸水中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平。结果：结核组血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ（７３９．６±５０３．２ＫＵ／Ｌ）明显高于正常组（２５５．１±９９．７ＫＵ／Ｌ）和癌性组（２１９．６±１８４．６ＫＵ／Ｌ）（Ｐ均＜０．０１），而癌性组与正常组比较差异无显著性意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）；结核组胸水ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ（１５９８．７±１１５３．６ＫＵ／Ｌ）明显高于癌性组（８０４．９±４２６．１ＫＵ／Ｌ）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。若以血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ４５５ＫＵ／Ｌ为界限值，则结核组的敏感性６３．２％，特异性为８３．３％；以胸水ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ１２３０ＫＵ／Ｌ为界限值，则结核组的敏感性为６８．４％，特异性８８．９％，提示血清、胸水ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ测定对鉴别这两组胸膜炎有较高的价值，可作为鉴别结核性和癌性胸膜炎的一项检测指标。     

核素显像法测定肾小球滤过率及其临床应用的价值

用９９ｍ锝－二乙三胺五乙酸（９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ）显像法测定了８４例受检者的肾小球滤过率（ＧＦＲ）。１５例正常人ＧＦＲ为１１４．５±１２．９ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１／１．７３ｍ２；泌尿系结石组及慢性肾炎组病人ＧＦＲ分别为６７．６±３７．２ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１／１．７３ｍ２及５３．２±３６．５ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１／１．７３ｍ２，与正常组比较差异有极显著意义（Ｐ＜０．００１）；原发性高血压组病人ＧＦＲ为８８．１±４０．３ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１／１．７３ｍ２，较正常组有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。５３例病人的自身对比研究证实，ＧＦＲ明显比尿素氮和肌酐灵敏（Ｐ＜０．００１），且该方法在测定总肾功能的同时，可显示分肾功能及肾脏形态学方面的资料。讨论了该法测定ＧＦＲ的注意事项。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.