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1.
C. Cepollaro S. Gonnelli C. Pondrelli A. Montagnani S. Martini D. Bruni C. Gennari 《Calcified tissue international》1999,65(2):129-132
We studied 21 patients (11 men and 10 women) with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and 21 age- and sex-matched controls. In all
patients we measured serum levels of total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I procollagen carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP),
osteocalcin (BGP), urinary excretion of hydroxyproline (HOP/Cr), and pyridinoline crosslinks (Pyr/Cr). Bone mineral density
was measured at the distal radius (BMD-R) and at the lumbar spine (BMD-LS) by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Ultrasound
parameters were also performed at the calcaneous with the Achilles device and at the phalanxes with DBM Sonic 1200. A significant
reduction (P < 0.001) in BMD and in ultrasound parameters was found in OI patients compared with normals. PICP was significantly reduced
in the OI patients compared with controls (P < 0.001); other markers of bone turnover were higher in OI than in controls, but the difference did not reach the statistical
significance. A significant correlation (P < 0.05) was found between PICP and BMD at the lumbar spine and between PICP and ultrasound parameters at the calcaneous.
On the basis of our data, we conclude that patients with OI show low values of BMD and ultrasound parameters; therefore in
these patients, not only is bone mass disturbed but also bone quality. The reduced levels of PICP in OI patients confirm that
most OI patients have defects in collagen I biosynthesis. These defects may contribute to the fragility of OI bone by interfering
with complete mineralization and/or normal tissue structure. PICP may be considered a useful marker in the clinical management
of OI.
Received: 26 March 1998 / Accepted: 15 January 1999 相似文献
2.
High Bone Turnover is Associated with Low Bone Mass and Spinal Fracture in Postmenopausal Women 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
P. Ravn M. Rix H. Andreassen B. Clemmesen M. Bidstrup M. Gunnes 《Calcified tissue international》1997,60(3):255-260
A group of 366 healthy, white postmenopausal women, aged 50–81 years, mean age 66 years, were selected from the screened
population of Scandinavians who were part of a multicenter study of the efficacy of tiludronate, a new bisphosphonate, in
established postmenopausal osteoporosis. Eighty-eight women had a lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) above 0.860 g/cm2, and 278 women had a BMD below 0.860 g/cm2. Spinal fracture was diagnosed from lateral spine X-ray studies and defined as at least 20% height reduction (wedge, compression,
or endplate fracture) in at least one vertebra (T4–L4). Bone resorption was assessed by measurement of the urinary excretion
of type I collagen degradation products by the CrossLaps™ enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Bone formation was assessed by
ELISA measurement of the N-terminal-mid-fragment as well as the intact serum osteocalcin (OCN-MID), thus omitting the influence of the instability of osteocalcin caused by the labile 6 amino acid C-terminal sequence. The
women were divided into groups with high or low bone turnover according to the concentrations of urinary CrossLaps™ or OCN-MID. Women in the quartiles with the highest concentrations of CrossLaps [519 ± 119 μg/mmol (SD)] or OCN-MID [44.6 ± 7.5 ng/ml (SD)] had 10–16% lower spinal BMD compared with women in the lowest quartiles (CrossLaps 170 ± 48 μg/mmol
(SD), and OCN-MID [22.1 ± 3.0 ng/ml (SD)] (P < 0.0004). The prevalences of spinal fracture were 25 to 29% in the lowest quartiles, whereas the prevalences in the highest
quartiles were almost double—53–54% (P < 0.006). If the women were subgrouped according to spinal BMD and prevalence of spinal fracture, corresponding results were
found. Women with a BMD less than 0.860 g/cm2, without or with spinal fracture (n = 136 and n = 142), had 36–43% higher concentration of CrossLaps (P= 0.0001) and 11–15% higher concentration of OCN-MID (P < 0.02), as compared with women with a BMD above 0.860 g/cm2 and no spinal fracture (n = 84). In conclusion, the results indicate a strong association among high bone turnover, low bone
mass, and prevalence of spinal fracture, which supports the theory that high bone turnover is a risk factor for spinal fracture
and osteoporosis.
Received: 29 February 1996 / Accepted: 9 August 1996 相似文献
3.
S. Fujiwara M. Fukunaga T. Nakamura J.T. Chen M. Shiraki T. Hashimoto K. Yoh T. Nakamura H. Mizunuma T. Tomomitsu F. Kasagi N. Masunari H. Orimo 《Calcified tissue international》1998,63(3):202-207
To determine the rates of change in bone mineral density (BMD) at the spine in healthy Japanese women, longitudinal measurements
of spinal BMD using dual X-ray absorptiometry were collected from 984 women over 17 years of age (mean age 51.6) at eight
medical research centers. They were followed up for 20.9 months on average without any treatment influencing bone and calcium
metabolism. Measurements of BMD obtained by two different scanners were converted into standardized BMD (sBMD) values. The
multiple linear regression model predicts that spinal sBMD increases up to about 23 years of age: the estimated average rates
of increases were 0.13%/year for women aged 20 years. After the age of 23, the sBMD began decreasing: the rates of loss increased
by 0.045%/year for each year increase in age among premenopausal women. In perimenopausal women, the rate of loss was 2.1%/year.
In postnatural menopausal women, the rates of loss decreased exponentially with increasing years since menopause. The rates
of loss increased by 0.04%/year for 1 kg decrease in body weight or by 0.1%/year for 1 kg/m2 decrease in body mass index. No significant differences in changes in sBMD were found between scanners and between centers
after multiple adjustment. We conclude that the rates of change in spinal sBMD are associated with age in premenopausal women,
and with years since menopause and weight or BMI in postmenopausal women. Caution is needed, however, when using data from
different densitometers to evaluate rates in bone loss in multicenter trials.
Received: 13 March 1997 / Accepted: 27 January 1998 相似文献
4.
M. Ito T. F. Lang M. Jergas M. Ohki M. Takada T. Nakamura K. Hayashi H. K. Genant 《Calcified tissue international》1997,61(2):123-128
This study examined trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) in Japanese women with and without spinal fracture, and compared
the results to American women with and without fracture. The quantitative computed tomography (QCT) systems used at the University
of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and at Nagasaki University were cross-calibrated. Normative BMD was assessed with the
K2HPO4 liquid phantom in 538 Americans aged 20–85 years, and with the B-MAS200 phantom in 577 Japanese aged 20–83 years. These BMD
were adjusted for use with the Image Analysis solid phantom using the result of cross-calibration. The trabecular BMD in 111
postmenopausal American women (55 with fracture), and in 185 postmenopausal Japanese women (67 with fracture) were compared
for investigation of the difference in BMD values relative to fracture status. The absolute BMD values in Japanese were lower
than those in Americans, and the differences were greater with advancing age. The magnitude of the BMD difference was 8.6,
20.5, 38.1 mg/cm3 in women aged 20–24 years, 40–44 years, 60–64 years, respectively. In premenopausal women, BMD began to decrease at the age
of 20 in Japanese, whereas the peak bone mass was maintained until the age of 35 in the American women. In immediate postmenopausal
women, BMD significantly decreased in both populations. In later postmenopausal women, BMD significantly decreased with age
in the Japanese women but decreased less rapidly in the American women. The aging decrease of BMD was 1.4% and 2.2% per year
in the later postmenopausal American and Japanese women, respectively. The fracture threshold is considered to be lower in
Japanese women. However, the BMD difference between American and Japanese women with fracture was similar to that without
fracture. The Z-scores of fracture subjects versus controls were 2.9 in American and 1.8 in Japanese women. In conclusion,
Japanese women were found to have a lower BMD and lower fracture threshold than American women. The significant decrease of
spinal trabecular BMD in late postmenopause is potentially responsible for the higher prevalence of spinal fracture in Japanese
women.
Received: 18 December 1995 / Accepted: 23 September 1996 相似文献
5.
Ethnic, Anthropometric, and Lifestyle Associations with Regional Variations in Peak Bone Mass 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The study investigated the ability of ethnicity and anthropometric and lifestyle factors to account for differences within
subjects in bone mass at different skeletal sites. The subjects were young, adult, Japanese, Filipino, Hawaiian, and white
women ages 25–34. In the preliminary analyses, they were divided into thirds based on their BMD z-scores. Thirty-five percent
exhibited high variability in bone mass: they were in the upper third at one or more bone sites and in the lower third at
one or more sites. Other women had more generalized low bone mass: 25% were in the lowest third for two or more sites, and
there were no sites with low bone mass in the upper third. In subsequent analyses, ethnicity, anthropometry, and lifestyle
influences were examined as possible predictors of differences in bone mineral content (BMC) between bone sites in bone-size
adjusted models. White women had greater BMC at the proximal radius and calcaneus than at the distal radius compared with
other ethnic groups. This may be explained by the fact that they had exceptionally wide bone widths at the distal radius.
Of the anthropometric variables, fat mass was associated with higher bone mass at sites with higher proportions of cancellous
tissue (calcaneus > spine > radius sites). Muscle mass was associated with greater bone mass at the calcaneus and proximal
radius than at the spine. For the lifestyle variables, women with greater milk consumption between the ages of 10–24 years
had higher spine bone mass than expected from their measurements at the proximal radius. Women 12–17 years of age who had
been more active in sports had higher calcaneous bone mass than expected from their spine measurements. As the study participants
were still young women, the results suggest that regional differences in bone mass may partly derive from anthropometric and
lifestyle influences during skeletal maturation.
Received: 6 March 1998 / Accepted: 15 December 1998 相似文献
6.
Age-Related Changes in Serum Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin and its Relationships with Bone Density, Bone Quality, and Hip Fracture 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
The effect of the degree of carboxylation of osteocalcin (OC) on the properties of bone is unclear. The aim of this study
was to relate serum concentrations of total OC (tOC) and undercarboxylated OC (ucOC), measured with a two-site immunoassay,
to bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck and ultrasonic transmitted velocity (UTV) at the os calcis in 257 women
aged 60–99 years, 22 of whom had sustained a hip fracture. There was an increase in tOC (r = 0.19, P= 0.003) and ucOC (r = 0.20, P= 0.002) with age. No significant difference in tOC or ucOC between subjects with and without hip fracture was found. Serum
tOC was negatively correlated with femoral neck BMD (r =−0.23, P= 0.0001) and os calcis UTV (r =−0.29, P= 0.0001) and partial correlations indicated that these relationships were independent of age. Serum ucOC also correlated
negatively with os calcis UTV (r =−0.21, P= 0.001) and less strongly with femoral neck BMD (r =−0.13, P= 0.052). After adjusting for age, only the relationship between ucOC and os calcis UTV remained significant (r =−0.16, P= 0.017). It is concluded that in women over 60 years, the increase in tOC reflects an age-related rise in bone remodeling,
whereas the increase in ucOC reflects an age-related fall in vitamin K status. The stronger relationship of ucOC with UTV
than BMD suggests that the rise in ucOC may perhaps relate more to changes in bone quality than mineral content. Higher serum
ucOC concentrations in subjects with a history of hip fracture could not be confirmed.
Received: 8 January 1997 / Accepted: 29 September 1997 相似文献
7.
Bone Density, Vitamin D Status, and Disordered Bone Remodeling in End-Stage Chronic Liver Disease 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Hepatic osteodystrophy occurs in up to 50% of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). The aim of this study was to determine
the relative contribution of increased resorption and decreased formation to hepatic osteodystrophy by measuring biochemical
markers. Twenty-seven patients with advanced CLD (14 female, 13 male) were enrolled. Bone mineral density (BMD), measured
at the lumbar spine, and femoral neck, were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); bone turnover was assessed
using biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption. Based on WHO criteria, osteoporosis and osteopenia were present
in 41% and 18% of patients, respectively. All three markers of bone resorption (free deoxypyridinoline, pyridinoline, and
hydroxyproline) were increased significantly in patients with CLD. There was a less marked change in the markers of bone formation
(osteocalcin, procollagen type 1 peptide, and bone alkaline phosphatase), resulting in a negative uncoupling index in 23/27
(85%) of the patients. Only two (7%) patients had biochemical changes consistent with osteomalacia. The results suggest that
increased bone resorption is the predominant cause of hepatic osteodystrophy and therapeutic strategies should be designed
to suppress bone resorption, especially in preparation for liver transplantation. Bone biomarkers may be useful alternatives
to bone biopsy in evaluating hepatic osteodystrophy.
Received: 11 September 1997 / Accepted: 22 September 1998 相似文献
8.
E. Vega G. Ghiringhelli C. Mautalen G. Rey Valzacchi H. Scaglia C. Zylberstein 《Calcified tissue international》1998,62(5):465-469
The bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, proximal femur, and total skeleton was evaluated in 38 men with primary
osteoporosis and vertebral fractures. BMD of the patients was significantly reduced over all skeletal areas compared with
controls. The Z-score of the lumbar spine (−2.8 ± 0.9) was less than that of the other areas (P < 0.001) except the legs (−2.5 ± 1.1) (p.n.s.) showing that bone loss had a tendency to be greater over the axial skeleton.
Vertebral dimensions compared with age-matched controls were as follows: projected L2–L4 area (cm 2): 45.7 ± 5.6 versus 53.7
± 3.6 (P < 0.001); vertebral width (cm): 4.37 ± 0.44 versus 4.90 ± 0.36 (P < 0.001). Serum biochemical parameters and testosterone levels were similar between osteoporotic and control men. We conclude
that men with vertebral osteoporotic fractures have reduced vertebral BMD and vertebral dimensions compared with age-matched
controls. Thus, these findings indicate that the achievement of a reduced bone size at the end of the growth period or a failure
of periosteal increase during adult life is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of the vertebral fractures observed in
older men.
Received: 31 January 1997 / Accepted: 2 July 1997 相似文献
9.
J. Pascual J. Argente M. B. Lopez M. Muñoz G. Martinez M. A. Vazquez E. Jodar R. Perez-Cano F. Hawkins 《Calcified tissue international》1998,62(1):31-35
There is still controversy over the impact of diabetes control and duration on bone mass and growth parameters in children
and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The aim of this study was to assess bone mineral density
(BMD) at axial and appendicular sites, in children with noncomplicated IDDM of recent onset, and its relation to metabolic
control and auxological parameters (weight, height, and puberal stage). Fifty-five young Spanish IDDM, otherwise healthy patients
(26 males, aged (SD 9.7 ± 4.3 years) and 29 females, aged (SD 11.2 ± 3.8 years) were studied. Duration of diabetes was 1–13.8
years. Two hundred eighty-two age-matched, healthy, Spanish children served as controls. HbA1 was assayed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and BMD was measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) densitometry
at the spine and forearm. Results showed a Gaussian BMD distribution of patients according to sex and age, without sexual-stage
differences. There was no correlation between BMD and glycated hemoglobin (average life disease or last HbA1 values) or duration of the disease; moreover, no differences in bone mass were found between <3 and ≥3 years of disease duration.
Diabetes impact index (mean HbA1× duration of disease in months) showed no significant influence of diabetes control on BMD. We could not demonstrate any
impact of diabetes on BMD and growth parameters in children with IDDM of short duration.
Received: 7 November 1996 / Accepted: 26 June 1997 相似文献
10.
S. Herrero O. M. Calvo C. García-Moreno E. Martín J. I. San Román M. Martín J. R. García-Talavera J. J. Calvo J. del Pino-Montes 《Calcified tissue international》1998,62(3):260-265
Diabetes and estrogen deficit are known causes of osteopenia, diabetes being associated with a low bone turnover and estrogen
deficit with a high bone turnover. In the present work, we studied the effect of combined ovariectomy and diabetes on bone
mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) and several bone markers in the rat. Four groups of rats were studied:
control (C), ovariectomized (O), diabetic (D), and ovariectomized and diabetic (DO). Twelve weeks after starting the experiments,
BMC and BMD of the first six lumbar vertebrae were measured; a bone formation marker (BGP) and a bone resorption marker (free
collagen cross-links, PYD) were also analyzed. Diabetic rats showed diminished gain in bone mass, BMC (D: 0.417 ± 0.028 g,
DO: 0.422 ± 0.020 g) and BMDs (D: 0.171 ± 0.006 g/cm2, DO: 0.174 ± 0.006 g/cm2) both being significantly (P < 0.001) lower than those of control (C: BMC 0.727 ± 0.024 g and BMD 0.258 ± 0.004 g/cm2) and ovariectomized (O: BMC 0.640 ± 0.044 g and BMD 0.240 ± 0.009 g/cm2) groups. Moreover, the BMC and BMD of the C group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the O group. BGP and PYD levels were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the O group (BGP: 138.2 ± 16.8 ng/ml, PYD: 270.2 ± 17.8 nM/mM) than those found in the control rats (BGP:
44.7 ± 4.8 ng/ml, PYD: 165.6 ± 12.5 nM/mM); the D group showed significantly (P < 0.01) lower values (BGP: 27.4 ± 14.6 ng/ml, PYD: 55.0 ± 7.4 nM/mM) than those of the control group. The DO group showed
similar levels (BGP: 43.4 ± 5.1 ng/ml, PYD: 146.7 ± 14.6 nM/mM) to those found in the C group. Although bone marker levels
in the O and D groups were in accordance with those expected in these situations, in the DO group the corresponding levels
are apparently ``normal.' Also, the decrease of gain in bone mass observed after combining estrogen deficit and diabetes
(DO group) did not seem to be more marked than that caused by diabetes alone.
Received: 7 January 1997 / Accepted: 7 August 1997 相似文献
11.
H. Kotzmann M. Riedl P. Bernecker M. Clodi F. Kainberger A. Kaider W. Woloszczuk A. Luger 《Calcified tissue international》1998,62(1):40-46
Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence for osteoporotic vertebral fractures are symptoms of growth hormone
deficiency (GHD) syndrome, and GH replacement therapy is now available for GH-deficient adults. We investigated the long-term
effects of GH replacement therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in 19 adult patients with GHD over a period
of 18 months. In response to GH treatment, the initially decreased IGF-I concentrations rose significantly during 18 months
of therapy to levels within the normal range (matched for sex and age) (mean change 158.1 ± 50.8 ng/ml, P < 0.001). Parameters of bone formation such as osteocalcin (OC) and procollagen I-C-Peptide (PICP) showed a significant increase
in the first 6 months of therapy, followed by a slight decrease in the next months. Markers of bone resorption (CrosslapsR and deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr) also increased significantly with a peak value after 6 months and all parameters except PICP
remained above baseline values after 18 months. BMD of the femoral neck (FN) showed an increase after 18 months of therapy
(mean change 0.01 ± 0.03 g/cm2 after 18 months, n.s.). However, the increase in BMD was significant only in the lumbar spine (LS) (mean change 0.03 ± 0.04
g/cm2, P < 0.05 after 18 months). We conclude that GH replacement therapy in adult patients with GHD over a period of 18 months causes
a pronounced increase in bone turnover mainly during the first 12 months of therapy and increases BMD of the lumbar spine
and the femoral neck after 18 months.
Received: 13 March 1997 / Accepted: 7 August 1997 相似文献
12.
Bone Mineral Density Is a Predictor of Survival 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
C. Johansson D. Black O. Johnell A. Odén D. Mellström 《Calcified tissue international》1998,63(3):190-196
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and survival in both sexes and
to compare BMD with other established risk factors such as blood pressure and cholesterol. A population-based prospective
study of 1924 individuals (850 men, 1074 women) was performed in G?teborg from 1980 to 1983. Measurements of BMD were obtained
in 1468 (76%) of the participants (653 men, 815 women). This selection of individuals generated 10,965 person years, and death
was registered for 289 men and 197 women in the 7-year period (2661 days) after bone mineral measurement. Later information
on date of death was obtained from the official population register. This information covers 7 years from the time of survey
of the last examined participant (in Dec. 1983). At the beginning of the study, BMD was measured in the calcaneus by dual
photon absorptiometry (DPA), and blood pressure, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and body mass index (BMI) were also
recorded. The study was coordinated with the National Register of Causes of Death and the National Cancer Register. A modified
version of the Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate and determine the age-adjusted relations between nontrauma
mortality and BMD. When the various quartiles of BMD were compared prospectively from 70, 75, and 79 years of age with survival
figures during the 2661-day follow-up period, the first and the second quartiles with the lowest BMD at entry showed the lowest
survival rate in both men (P= 0.01) and women (P= 0.01). A decrease of 1 SD of BMD in a univariate analysis was associated with a 1.39-fold increase in mortality in both
men (95% confidence interval 1.25–1.56, P < 0.001) and women (95% confidence interval 1.22–1.58, P < 0.001), and a multivariate analysis demonstrated a relative risk of 1.23 (95% confidence interval 1.10–1.41, P < 0.001) in men and 1.19 (95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.39, P= 0.019) in women. All relations were adjusted for sex, age, and follow-up. This study indicates that BMD is a predictor of
survival, especially for subjects over 70. Bone mineral density was found to be a better predictor of death than blood pressure
and cholesterol. This study indicates that, after adjustments have been made for diseases, low bone mass is an independent
predictor of mortality and might be a marker of general health or functional aging. Its measurement might therefore be a valuable
tool in general health investigations.
Received: 26 December 1996 / Accepted: 27 January 1998 相似文献
13.
To elucidate the possible skeletal benefits of the muscular contractions and the nonweight-bearing loading pattern associated
with kayaking, we investigated the bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) of 10 elite kayakers, six males and four females, with a median age of 19 years. Each subject was compared with the mean
value of two matched controls. BMD of the total body, head, ribs, humerus, legs, proximal femur (neck, wards, trochanter),
spine, lumbar spine, and bone mineral content (BMC, g), of the arms was obtained using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometer
(DXA). Body composition was also assessed. The kayakers had a significantly (P < 0.05–0.01) greater BMD in most upper body sites: left and right humerus (10.4% and 11.7%), respectively, ribs (6.4%), spine
(10.9%), and a greater BMC of the left and right arm (15.7% and 10.6%, respectively). No significant differences in the BMD
of the total body, head, or any of the lower body sites were found, except for the pelvis, which was significantly greater
in kayakers (5.1%). The controls had a significantly lesser lean body mass (10.4%) and greater percentage of body fat (19.5%)
than the kayakers. Bivariate correlation analysis in the controls demonstrated significant and strong relationships between
BMD in upper body sites and lean body mass, weight, and fat; the effects of training seem to outweigh most such relationships
in kayakers. In conclusion, it seems that the loading pattern and muscular contractions associated with kayaking may result
in site-specific adaptations of the skeleton.
Received: 21 April 1998 / Accepted: 1 October 1998 相似文献
14.
Bone Mineral Density and Androgen Levels in Elderly Males 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Rapado A Hawkins F Sobrinho L Díaz-Curiel M Galvao-Telles A Arver S Melo Gomes J Mazer N Garcia e Costa J Horcajada C López-Gavilanes E Mascarenhas M Papapietro K López Alvarez MB Pereira MC Martinez G Valverde I García JJ Carballal JJ García I 《Calcified tissue international》1999,65(6):417-421
To clarify the relationship of sex male hormones and bone in men, we studied in 140 healthy elderly men (aged 55–90 years)
the relation between serum levels of androgens and related sex hormones, bone mineral density (BMD) at different sites, and
other parameters related to bone metabolism. Our results show a slight decrease of serum-free testosterone with age, with
an increase of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in a third of the elderly subjects studied.
BMD decreased significantly with age in all regions studied, except in the lumbar spine. We found a positive correlation between
body mass index (BMI) and BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck (P < 0.001). No relationship was found (uni- and multivariate regression analysis) between serum androgens or sex hormone-binding
globulin (SHBG) and BMD. We found a positive correlation of vitamin D binding protein (DBP) and osteocalcin with lumbar spine
BMD and with BMI, DBP, IGF-1, and PTH with femoral neck BMD. In conclusion, there is a slight decline in free testosterone
and BMD in the healthy elderly males. However, sex male hormones are not correlated to the decrease in hip BMD. Other age-related
factors must be associated with bone loss in elderly males.
Received: 29 April 1997 / Accepted: 9 November 1997 相似文献
15.
In 1989, a cross-sectional study was carried out in Lin-Kou Township, Taiwan, to determine the distribution of bone mineral
density (BMD) in the lumbar spine of Chinese people. Lumbar spine BMD was measured using dual-photon absorptiometry in 404
healthy volunteers (266 women and 138 men, aged 15 to 83 years). In 1994–1995, 318 of the same volunteers were reexamined
for the present study. Except for there being fewer males and smokers present, there were no significant differences between
the second survey respondents and nonrespondents. Spine BMD decreased at over 1% per year in Chinese women over age 50, which
was somewhat higher than reported for caucasian women. Since there was a loss of BMD in Chinese women after their 20s, a case
can be made for starting preventive activities for female adolescents. There were no differences in the mean BMD change rates
among the different age groups of Chinese men. Baseline BMD, menopause, and weight change were associated with the lumbar
spine BMD change rates in Chinese women. Body mass index was the only variable significantly associated with BMD change in
Chinese men. The rate of BMD change was not associated with diet.
Received: 18 February 1997 / Accepted: 5 June 1997 相似文献
16.
Bone Mineral Density, Body Mass Index, and Hip Axis Length in Postmenopausal Cretan Women with Cervical and Trochanteric Fractures 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Dretakis EK Papakitsou E Kontakis GM Dretakis K Psarakis S Steriopoulos KA 《Calcified tissue international》1999,64(3):257-258
We assessed the bone mineral density (BMD), the body mass index (BMI), and the hip axis length (HAL) in 78 postmenopausal
women with 38 cervical and 40 trochanteric hip fractures. The results were compared with those of age-matched, control postmenopausal
women. No statistically significant difference was found in the values of BMD, BMI, and HAL between the groups of patients
with cervical and those with trochanteric fractures, but lower BMD and BMI were found in fracture patients compared with the
corresponding values of the control subjects. Contrary to the existing data, HAL was found to be shorter in the fracture patients
compared with the controls. Thus, the type of hip fracture was found to be independent of the value of BMD, BMI, and the length
of the patient's hip axis. The fact that a shorter hip axis was found in the group of fracture patients compared with that
found in the control subjects raises questions about the significance of this parameter as an independent risk factor for
hip fracture.
Received: 9 February 1998 / Accepted: 24 June 1998 相似文献
17.
A. Ohmura K. Kushida K. Yamazaki S. Okamoto H. Katsuno T. Inoue 《Calcified tissue international》1997,61(2):117-122
Total body bone mineral content (BMCTB in g) and density (BMDTB in g/cm2) and body composition were measured in 1006 healthy Japanese women aged 20–79 years using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Peak
BMDTB was 1.11 ± 0.05 g/cm2 in women 20–49 years, and mean BMDTB was 1.019 g/cm2 in the 6th decade, 0.956 g/cm2 in the 7th decade, and 0.900 g/cm2 in the 8th decade. BMDTB declined by 0.007 g/cm2/year in women after age 50. This age-related decline in BMD showed a similar pattern to that seen for the lumbar spine and
femoral neck, but the actual rate of loss was lower for BMDTB than for these other measurement sites. There was no significant difference between a eumenorrheic premenopausal group and
a group with irregular menses. BMCTB and BMDTB were associated with body build, lean tissue mass, and fat mass (r = 0.29 ∼ 0.65 and 0.26 ∼ 0.41, respectively). Bone mass
and density decreased significantly in older women of all body builds. Premenopausal Japanese women had a 5% lower BMDTB than U.S. and European whites, but the difference was several times greater in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women.
Received: 1 June 1995 / Accepted: 3 March 1997 相似文献
18.
Increased Bone Mineral Density after Prolonged Electrically Induced Cycle Training of Paralyzed Limbs in Spinal Cord Injured Man 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
T. Mohr J. Pødenphant F. Biering–Sørensen H. Galbo G. Thamsborg M. Kjær 《Calcified tissue international》1997,61(1):22-25
Spinal cord injured (SCI) individuals have a substantial loss of bone mass in the lower limbs, equaling approximately 50%
of normal values in the proximal tibia, and this has been associated with a high incidence of low impact fractures. To evaluate
if this inactivity-associated condition in the SCI population can be reversed with prolonged physical training, ten SCI individuals
[ages 35.3 ± 2.3 years (mean ± standard error [SE]); post injury time: 12.5 ± 2.7 years, range 2–24 years; level of lesion:
C6–Th4; weight: 78 ± 3.8 kg] performed 12 months of Functional Electrical Stimulated (FES) upright cycling for 30 min per
day, 3 days per week, followed by six months with only one weekly training session. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined
before training and 12 and 18 months later. BMD was measured in the lumbar spine, the femoral neck, and the proximal tibia
by dual energy absorptiometry (DEXA, Nordland XR 26 MK1). Before training, BMD was in the proximal tibia (52%), as well as
in the femoral neck, lower in SCI subjects than in controls of same age (P < 0.05). BMD of the lumbar spine did not differ between groups (P > 0.05). After 12 months of training, the BMD of the proximal tibia had increased 10%, from 0.49 ± 0.04 to 0.54 ± 0.04 g/cm2 (P < 0.05). After a further 6 months with reduced training, the BMD in the proximal tibia no longer differed from the BMD before
training (P > 0.05). No changes were observed in the lumbar spine or in the femoral neck in response to FES cycle training. It is concluded
that in SCI, the loss of bone mass in the proximal tibia can be partially reversed by regular long-term FES cycle exercise.
However, one exercise session per week is insufficient to maintain this increase.
Received: 30 July 1996 / Accepted: 31 December 1996 相似文献
19.
J.-F. Chiu S.-J. Lan C.-Y. Yang P.-W. Wang W.-J. Yao I.-H. Su C.-C. Hsieh 《Calcified tissue international》1997,60(3):245-249
This study examined bone density among postmenopausal Buddhist nuns and female religious followers of Buddhism in southern
Taiwan and related the measurements to subject characteristics including age, body mass, physical activity, nutrient intake,
and vegetarian practice. A total of 258 postmenopausal Taiwanese vegetarian women participated in the study. Lumbar spine
and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using dual-photon absorptimetry. BMD measurements were analyzed
first as quantitative outcomes in multiple regression analyses and next as indicators of osteopenia status in logistic regression
analyses. Among the independent variables examined, age inversely and body mass index positively correlated with both the
spine and femoral neck BMD measurements. They were also significant predictors of the osteopenia status. Energy intake from
protein was a significant correlate of lumbar spine BMD only. Other nutrients, including calcium and energy intake from nonprotein
sources, did not correlate significantly with the two bone density parameters. Long-term practitioners of vegan vegetarian
were found to be at a higher risk of exceeding lumbar spine fracture threshold (adjusted odds ratio = 2.48, 95% confidence
interval = 1.03–5.96) and of being classified as having osteopenia of the femoral neck (3.94, 1.21–12.82). Identification
of effective nutrition supplements may be necessary to improve BMD levels and to reduce the risk of osteoporosis among long-term
female vegetarians.
Received: 10 May 1996 / Accepted: 9 August 1996 相似文献
20.
Bone Fracture History and Prospective Bone Fracture Risk of Hemodialysis Patients are Related to Apolipoprotein E Genotype 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This investigation of 219 hemodialysis patients relates the history and prospective risk of bone fractures to apolipoprotein
E (apoE) genotype. A greater percentage of the 41 patients with the E3/4 and E4/4 genotypes than of the 38 patients with the
E2/3 and E2/2 genotypes had a history of bone fractures at the time of recruitment (44% versus 16%, P < 0.005). During the 4 years following recruitment, more of the patients with apoE genotypes E3/4 and E4/4 than with apoE
genotypes E2/3 and E2/2 suffered bone fractures, but this difference was not statistically significant (17.1 versus 5.3%,
P < 0.1). ApoE genotype appears to be an important genetic risk factor for bone fracture, possibly due to its previously reported
influence on vitamin K concentrations in blood.
Received: 25 February 1997 / Accepted: 17 June 1997 相似文献