钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂对合并射血分数中间值心力衰竭的糖尿病患者心肾临床结局的影响

目的 探讨钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT2i)对合并射血分数中间值心力衰竭(HFmrEF)的糖尿病患者心肾临床结局的影响.方法 回顾性选取2019年1月至2020年10月商丘市第一人民医院心内科收治的合并HFmrEF的糖尿病患者350例,根据是否应用SGLT2i分为SGLT2i组76例和对照组274例.主要观察...     

可溶性生长刺激表达基因2联合N末端B型利钠肽原对沙库巴曲缬沙坦干预老年射血分数轻度减低心力衰竭患者的预后评估价值

目的 探讨可溶性生长刺激表达基因2(sST2)与N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)对沙库巴曲缬沙坦(SV)干预老年射血分数轻度减低心力衰竭(HFmrEF)患者预后的评估价值。方法 选取2018年4月至2020年4月于承德市中心医院住院治疗的81例HFmrEF患者为研究对象,均使用SV治疗。分析HFmrEF患者应用SV治疗后影响复合终点事件发生的危险因素,并评估sST2联合NT-proBNP对SV干预HFmrEF患者预后的价值。采用SPSS 26.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验、秩和检验、χ²检验或Fisher精确检验进行组间比较。应用Cox风险评估模型分析复合终点事件与变量间的关系。结果 随访6个月后,19例患者出现复合终点事件(复合终点事件组),62例患者未出现复合终点事件(非复合终点事件组)。与非复合终点事件组比较,复合终点事件组心率较快,血肌酐水平较低,sST2、NT-proBNP水平较高,左房内径较大,有吸烟史、PCI或溶栓史、急性心肌梗死史比例更高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。单变量与多变量Cox回归分析显示,sST2与NT-proBNP水平是HFmrEF患者应用SV治疗后影响复合终点事件发生的独立危险因素(P＜0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,sST2联合NT-proBNP预测复合终点事件的诊断价值均高于单一指标。结论 sST2联合NT-proBNP对SV干预老年HFmrEF患者的预后具有较好的评估价值。     

可溶性肿瘤抑制素2与射血分数中间值心力衰竭患者预后的关系

目的:探讨可溶性肿瘤抑制素2(sST2)与射血分数中间值心力衰竭(HFmrEF)患者预后的关系。方法:入组188例慢性HFmrEF患者,测定其血浆sST2浓度,随访1年,观察其全因死亡和心力衰竭(HF)再住院的发生与血浆sST2浓度的关系。结果:HFmrEF患者平均年龄为66岁,51%为女性,平均血浆sST2浓度为34.47μg/L。在随访1年周期内,31例患者(16%)死亡,58例患者(31%)因HF加重而再次住院。血浆sST2浓度越高,患者入组时心率越快,BNP和cTnI水平越高(P均0.05)。随访1年发现,血浆sST2浓度越高,患者全因死亡和HF再住院发生率越高(分别为Log rank P=0.04,Log rank P0.001)。通过Cox回归分析发现,血浆sST2浓度是患者全因死亡和HF再住院发生的危险因素(分别为P=0.026,P0.001)。结论:HFmrEF患者的基线血浆sST2浓度是其1年内全因死亡和HF再住院事件发生的独立危险因素。     

不同射血分数心力衰竭患者临床特征的对比分析

目的对比分析不同射血分数(EF)心力衰竭患者的临床特征。方法随机选取2012年7月—2019年2月北海市人民医院心血管内科收治的心力衰竭患者496例,根据EF分为射血分数保留的心力衰竭(HFpEF)组209例、射血分数中间值心力衰竭(HFmrEF)组118例及射血分数降低的心力衰竭(HFrEF)组169例。比较三组患者一般资料、实验室检查指标、超声心动图检查指标及心力衰竭病因。结果 (1)三组患者体质指数(BMI)、糖尿病发生率、高脂血症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。HFmrEF组和HFrEF组患者年龄小于HFpEF组,女性比例及高血压发生率低于HFpEF组(P0.05);HFrEF组患者肺炎及心房颤动发生率低于HFmrEF和HFpEF组(P0.05)。(2)三组患者肌酐、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。HFmrEF组和HFrEF组患者氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平高于HFpEF组,HFrEF组患者NT-proBNP水平高于HFmrEF组(P0.05)。(3)三组患者左心房内径(LAD)、室间隔厚度(IVSD)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。HFmrEF组和HFrEF组患者左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)及左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)大于HFpEF组,HFrEF组患者LVESD及LVEDD大于HFmrEF组(P0.05);HFrEF组患者右心室内径(RVD)大于HFpEF组(P0.05)。(4)三组患者心力衰竭病因比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。HFpEF组患者以老年退行性心脏瓣膜病最为常见,占49.3%;HFmrEF组和HFrEF组患者均以扩张型心肌病最为常见,分别占44.9%、71.0%。结论 HFpEF好发于老年女性,并常合并高血压、肺炎、心房颤动,主要发病原因为老年退行性心脏瓣膜病;HFmrEF和HFrEF好发于中年男性,主要发病原因均为扩张型心肌病,但HFmrEF患者常合并肺炎及心房颤动,HFrEF患者NT-proBNP水平偏高。     

射血分数中间值的心力衰竭患者的“肥胖悖论”

目的探究射血分数中间值的心力衰竭(HFmrEF)患者中是否存在"肥胖悖论"及HFmrEF患者的预后影响因素。方法纳入2018年5月至2019年8月期间于哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院心衰中心登记处登记的HFmrEF患者, 根据体质量指数(BMI)分为非超重组(BMI<24 kg/m2)和超重组(BMI≥24 kg/m2), 随访周期为患者出院后的1周、1月、3月、1年, 患者的中位随访时间为10.7(7.9∽14.7)月, 观察BMI对HFmrEF患者的全因死亡、心衰再住院/全因死亡的复合终点的影响。结果共纳入315名患者, 年龄为(63.6±12.8)岁, BMI范围15.0～49.3 kg/m2, 非超重组141例(44.8%), 超重组174例(55.2%)。与非超重组患者相比, 超重组患者未调整的全因死亡风险显著降低[风险比(HR)0.318, 95%可信区间(CI)0.167～0.603, P<0.001], 复合终点风险显著降低(HR 0.685, 95%CI 0.472～0.996, P=0.047), 调整后的全因死亡风险显著降低(HR 0.469, 95%CI...     

血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂治疗射血分数中间值心力衰竭的疗效分析

目的:探讨血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂治疗射血分数中间值心力衰竭(HFmrEF)患者的有效和安全性.方法:纳入2017年1月至2019年4月,在我院治疗的HFmrEF患者116例,分为ARNI组(给予沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠片,100 mg,2次/d,n=58)和ARB组(给予缬沙坦胶囊,80 mg,1次/d,n=58).比较...     

射血分数中间范围值与射血分数降低的心力衰竭并缺血性心肌病患者临床特征及预后的对比研究

背景相较于射血分数降低的心力衰竭(HFrEF)和射血分数保留的心力衰竭(HFpEF),长期以来射血分数中间范围值的心力衰竭(HFmrEF)并未受到临床足够重视,而与HFpEF患者相比,HFmrEF患者中存在缺血性心肌病(ICM)者比例较高。目的对比分析HFmrEF与HFrEF并ICM患者的临床特征及预后。方法连续选取2016年3月—2017年3月成都市新都区人民医院收治的HFmrEF并ICM患者70例作为HFmrEF组,另选取同期HFrEF并ICM患者52例作为HFrEF组。比较两组患者一般资料、实验室检查指标、合并症、出院后药物使用情况、住院时间及住院期间全因死亡率;记录两组患者随访1年主要不良心血管事件(MACEs)发生情况,并绘制随访1年生存率的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线以评价两组患者预后。结果 (1)两组患者女性比例、体质指数(BMI)、收缩压、舒张压、心率、吸烟史、纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)分级及糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、慢性肾脏病(CKD)、高尿酸血症、贫血、脑梗死发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);HFmrEF组患者年龄大于HFrEF组,高血压、心房颤动、高脂血症发生率高于HFrEF组(P0.05)。(2)两组患者肌钙蛋白I(TnI)、血红蛋白、清蛋白、白细胞计数(WBC)、尿素氮、肌酐、尿酸、胱抑素C(Cys-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)及脑钠肽(BNP)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);HFmrEF组患者胆红素、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)低于HFrEF组(P0.05)。(3)两组患者出院后使用阿司匹林、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂/血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂(ACEI/ARB)、β-受体阻滞剂、利尿剂、他汀类药物、地高辛及硝酸酯类药物者所占比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(4)两组患者住院时间、住院期间全因死亡率及随访1年MACEs发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。(5)HFmrEF组患者随访1年生存率为82.9%,HFrEF组患者为82.7%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与HFrEF并ICM患者相比,HFmrEF并ICM患者年龄偏大,合并高血压、心房颤动、高脂血症者较多,但二者近期预后相似。     

不同左心室射血分数心力衰竭住院患者的临床特征、诊疗情况及结局差异

目的:分析不同左心室射血分数(LVEF)心力衰竭(心衰)住院患者临床特征、院内诊疗及6个月结局差异。方法:从重大慢病国家注册登记研究心衰前瞻队列研究中选取2016年8月至2017年7月全国50家医院连续纳入的18岁以上心衰住院患者,根据LVEF分为射血分数减低的心衰(HFr EF,LVEF 40%)组、射血分数中间值的心衰(HFmrEF,40%≤LVEF50%)组、射血分数保留的心衰(HFpEF,LVEF≥50%)组。比较三组患者的临床特征、院内治疗情况和6个月全因死亡风险。结果:共入选2 781例心衰住院患者,中位年龄67(57,75)岁,37.9%为女性;HFr EF组1 031例(37.1%),HFmrEF组643例(23.1%),HFpEF组1 107例(39.8%)。HFmrEF组患者中位年龄(67岁)高于HFr EF组(62岁),但低于HFpEF组(71岁),HFpEF组的女性比例(51.4%)高于HFr EF组(23.9%)和HFmrEF组(37.3%),差异均有统计学意义(P均0.017)。全部心衰患者中合并比例最高的疾病为高血压(56.4%)、心房颤动(29.5%)和糖尿病(28.3%)。HFmrEF组和HFpEF组高血压(HFmrEF组vs. HFpEF组vs. HFr EF组:60.5%vs. 63.0%vs. 46.8%)和心房颤动(HFmrEF组vs. HFpEF组vs. HFr EF组:32.2%vs. 35.6%vs. 21.3%)的合并比例均明显高于HFr EF组(P均0.017)。HFmrEF组住院期间血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂、醛固酮受体拮抗剂和β受体阻滞剂的使用率分别为66.4%、85.1%、74.5%,HFpEF组分别为55.2%、76.4%、64.1%,两组均低于HFr EF组(75.8%、90.1%、81.2%,P均0.017)。HFmrEF组(HR=0.696,95%CI:0.510～0.951,P=0.02)和HFpEF组(HR=0.493,95%CI:0.366～0.665,P0.01)患者6个月死亡风险均低于HFr EF组患者。结论:本研究中,HFpEF患者和HFmrEF患者在全部心衰住院患者中分别占四成和近四分之一。HFpEF患者和HFmrEF患者的临床特征与HFr EF患者不同,治疗模式相似,出院6个月死亡风险均低于HFr EF患者。     

不同类型老年心力衰竭患者QRS波时限及心率变异性与心功能相关性

目的 探讨不同类型老年心力衰竭患者QRS波时限及心率变异性(HRV)与心功能相关性。方法 选取老年心力衰竭患者106例，男66例，女40例，根据左心室射血分数(LVEF)分为射血分数降低心力衰竭(HFrEF)组34例、射血分数中间值心力衰竭(HFmrEF)组33例、射血分数保留心力衰竭(HFpEF)组39例；完善脑钠肽(BNP)、心电图、动态心电图等相关检查。结果 HFrEF组QRS波时限长于HFmrEF组和HFpEF组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);HFmrEF组和HFpEF组无统计学差异(P>0.05);HFrEF组左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)明显大于HFmrEF组和HFpEF组(P<0.001),HFmrEF组明显大于HFpEF组(P<0.001);HFrEF组左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)明显大于HFmrEF组和HFpEF组(P<0.001),HFmrEF组明显大于HFpEF组(P<0.001);3组间HRV时域指标无统计学差异(P>0.05)。相关性分析显示，老年心力衰竭患者QRS波时限与LVEF呈显著负相关性(r=-0.432...     

基于NT-proBNP的灰值区射血分数中间值心力衰竭的研究

目的:分析射血分数中间值心力衰竭(HFmrEF)氨基末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)处于灰值区组与异常组患者的临床资料,初步探讨灰值区组和异常组HFmrEF患者的临床差异,进一步提高临床医师对HFmrEF和NT-proBNP处于灰值区这一特殊亚型HFmrEF的认识。方法:选取我院2016-12-2017-12心脏中心收住的65例HFmrEF患者,根据NT-proBNP分为灰值区组(18例)和异常组(47例),并收集患者的基线资料、实验室数据及心脏超声,比较两组患者临床资料差异。结果:HFmrEF患者中男性居多,糖尿病、高血压、心房颤动及缺血性心脏病等基础疾病多见,灰值区组α-羟丁酸脱氢酶水平、尿酸水平低于异常组(P=0.007,P=0.001),平均红细胞体积水平高于异常组(P=0.037),异常组Tei指数高于灰值区组(P=0.04)。结论:HFmrEF好发于中老年男性,以高血压、心房颤动、糖尿病等共病多见,NT-proBNP处于灰值区组的HFmrEF患者心功能损害程度轻。生物学炎性指标α-羟丁酸脱氢酶、尿酸及影像学指标Tei指数可用于辅助HFmrEF的诊断。     

血清生长分化因子-15、可溶性人基质裂解素2、半乳糖凝集素-3检测在老年心力衰竭严重程度和预后评估中的应用

目的探讨血清生长分化因子-15（growth differentiation factor-15, GDF-15）、可溶性人基质裂解素2（soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2, sST2）及半乳糖凝集素-3（galectin-3, Gal-3）水平对老年心力衰竭患者病情严重程度与预后的评估价值。 方法选取中国科学技术大学附属第一医院2018年1～8月收治的老年心力衰竭患者74例,根据随访1年后的不良事件结局（心血管死亡或因心力衰竭再住院）分为事件组和无事件组,先行两组患者的单因素比较（计量资料采用t检验或秩和检验,计数资料比较采用χ²检验）,再将有意义的指标纳入多因素COX回归分析,并采用ROC曲线评价GDF-15、sST2和Gal-3的检测价值。 结果随访期间发生不良事件者28例（事件组）,未发生不良事件46例（无事件组）。单因素分析显示,事件组患者血清GDF-15、Gal-3、sST2水平均显著高于无事件组（t=4.880、3.325,z=-4.213;P<0.05）。GDF-15、sST2、Gal-3水平与N末端B型利钠肽前体水平和NYHA心功能分级均呈正相关（r=0.647、0.706、0.471,0.668、0.603、0.446;P<0.05）,GDF-15、sST2水平与左心室舒张末期内径呈正相关（r=0.322、0.289,P<0.05或0.01）、与左心室射血分数呈负相关（r=-0.262、-0.481,P<0.05）。COX回归分析显示,sST2是老年心力衰竭患者1年内不良事件的独立危险因素（OR=1.032,95%CI=1.009-1.054,P<0.01）。ROC曲线结果显示,血清GDF-15、sST2和Gal-3联合检测的曲线下面积最高,为0.851（95%CI=0.763-0.937）。 结论血清GDF-15、sST2和Gal-3水平可以反映老年心力衰竭患者的病情严重程度,具有一定的预后价值,三者联合检测的效果最优。     

Pre-discharge,but not admission,levels of NT-proBNP predict adverse prognosis following acute LVF

BACKGROUND: Circulating natriuretic peptide levels provide prognostic information following acute coronary syndromes and in chronic heart failure. Little evidence exists of their utility following hospitalisation with acute left ventricular failure (LVF). AIMS: To examine the relative prognostic value of admission and pre-discharge plasma N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) following hospitalisation with acute heart failure. METHODS: NT-proBNP was measured at admission in 96 patients hospitalised with acute LVF. In a subset of 34 patients, NT-proBNP was also measured prior to discharge. Multivariate analysis was performed of the clinical and serological predictors of a combined primary endpoint of death or heart failure (hospitalisation or as an outpatient). RESULTS: During follow up (median 350 days, range 2-762), 37 (38.5%) patients died (n=16, 16.7%), or experienced at least 1 heart failure event (n=21, 21.9%). For the entire cohort of 96 patients, only a prior history of heart failure was associated with the primary endpoint (OR 3.5 [1.10-11.08], P=0.034). Admission plasma NT-proBNP was not predictive (OR 1.84 [0.75-4.51], P=0.185). In the 34 patients for whom both admission and pre-discharge NT-proBNP was available, 19 (55.9%) died (n=8, 23.5%) or experienced heart failure (n=11, 32.4%). Only pre-discharge plasma NT-proBNP (OR 15.30 [95% CI: 1.4-168.9], P=0.026) was independently predictive of the composite endpoint. The area under the receiver-operator-characteristic (AUC ROC) curve for pre-discharge NT-proBNP was superior to that for admission NT-proBNP for prediction of death or heart failure (AUC ROC 0.87 cf 0.70), for death (0.79 cf 0.66), LVF hospitalisation (0.78 cf 0.70) or heart failure as an outpatient (0.71 cf 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: Plasma NT-proBNP measured pre-discharge provides useful prognostic information following hospitalisation with acute LVF.     

Heart Failure With Midrange Ejection Fraction in Patients Admitted for Acute Decompensation: A Report from the Japanese Multicenter Registry

BackgroundPatients having heart failure with midrange ejection fraction (HFmrEF: 40% ≤ EF < 50%) are increasingly being considered a new subset of the population with heart failure. Despite recent advances in heart-failure treatment strategies, the prognosis of these patients has not improved substantially over time. In addition, the significance of this new phenotype in hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), another population whose prognosis has not improved, also remains poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, prognosis and treatment responses of patients with HFmrEF hospitalized for ADHF.MethodsOn the basis of consecutive inpatient data from a multicenter ADHF registry, 651 of 3572 patients (17.1%) were classified as having HFmrEF. Prognostic factors predicting composite outcomes, defined as all-cause death and heart failure readmission, as well as all-cause death alone, were analyzed.ResultsIn the median follow-up duration of 724 days, both composite endpoints and all-cause death alone were comparable in those with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFmrEF and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Age, anemia, hyponatremia, elevated blood urea nitrogen, chronic kidney disease, and elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels were significant predictors of composite outcomes in HFmrEF.ConclusionsRoughly one-sixth of the patients with ADHF had HFmrEF. The long-term prognosis of patients with HFmrEF was not significantly different from that of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in the population with ADHF. Risk factors for adverse outcomes in HFmrEF were also similar to those for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and HFmrEF in the hospitalized population with ADHF.     

N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. A new gold standard in predicting mortality in patients with advanced heart failure.

AIMS: The selection of patients for cardiac transplantation (CTx) is notoriously difficult and traditionally involves clinical assessment and an assimilation of markers of the severity of CHF such as the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), maximum oxygen uptake (peak VO2) and more recently, composite scoring systems e.g. the heart failure survival score (HFSS). Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is well established as an independent predictor of prognosis in mild to moderate chronic heart failure (CHF). However, the prognostic ability of NT-proBNP in advanced heart failure is unknown and no studies have compared NT-proBNP to standard clinical markers used in the selection of patients for transplantation. The purpose of this study was to examine the prognostic ability of NT-proBNP in advanced heart failure and compare it to that of the LVEF, peak VO2 and the HFSS. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively studied 142 consecutive patients with advanced CHF referred for consideration of CTx. Plasma for NT-proBNP analysis was sampled and patients followed up for a median of 374 days. The primary endpoint of all-cause mortality was reached in 20 (14.1%) patients and the combined secondary endpoint of all-cause mortality or urgent CTx was reached in 24 (16.9%) patients. An NT-proBNP concentration above the median was the only independent predictor of all cause mortality (chi2=6.03, P=0.01) and the combined endpoint of all cause mortality or urgent CTx (chi2 =12.68, P=0.0004). LVEF, VO2 and HFSS were not independently predictive of mortality or need for urgent cardiac transplantation in this study. CONCLUSION: A single measurement of NT-proBNP in patients with advanced CHF, can help to identify patients at highest risk of death, and is a better prognostic marker than the LVEF, VO2 or HFSS.     

急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后血清sST2、NT-proBNP浓度预测心力衰竭的价值

目的探讨急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗后血清可溶性致癌抑制因子2(solube suppression tumorigenicity 2,sST2)、氨基末端脑钠肽前体(N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)浓度对心力衰竭的预测价值。方法选取2015年6月至2018年10月六安市人民医院收治的120例急性心肌梗死患者,均行PCI治疗。对比入院时、术后即刻、术后24 h及术后72 h的血清sST2、NT-proBNP浓度;另随访6个月,根据患者是否发生心力衰竭情况将其分为心力衰竭组与未心力衰竭组,比较2组血清sST2、NT-proBNP浓度,且采用Logistic回归分析法分析其对急性心肌梗死PCI治疗后发生心力衰竭的预测价值。结果患者术后即刻及术后24 h的血清sST2及NT-proBNP浓度均明显高于入院时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后24 h及术后72 h的血清sST2及NT-proBNP浓度均明显低于术后即刻,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后72 h的血清sST2及NT-proBNP浓度均明显低于术后24 h及入院时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。120例患者随访期间共有23例出现心力衰竭,发生率为19.17%;心力衰竭组术后即刻血清sST2及NT-proBNP浓度均明显高于未心力衰竭组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析发现,年龄≥60岁、多个部位梗死、病变支数≥2支、左心室射血分数(LVEF)<50%、并发原发性高血压(高血压)、并发糖尿病、并发高脂血症、有吸烟史、发病至行PCI治疗时间≥12 h、术后即刻sST2浓度>56.68 ng/mL、术后即刻NT-proBNP浓度≥2853.14 pg/mL、PCI治疗后慢或无复流均是急性心肌梗死患者行PCI治疗后发生心力衰竭的危险因素(OR=2.085、2.568、2.375、3.056、2.740、2.241、2.188、2.314、3.374、3.031、4.035,P<0.05)。结论急性心肌梗死患者PCI治疗后短期内血清sST2、NT-proBNP浓度呈现不同程度的升高,但随着时间的推移呈逐渐降低趋势,另术后发生心力衰竭患者血清sST2、NT-proBNP浓度明显高于未发生者,且术后即刻sST2浓度>56.68 ng/mL、术后即刻NT-proBNP浓度≥2853.14 pg/mL、PCI治疗后慢或无复流以及年龄≥60岁等均可增加心力衰竭发生风险。     

可溶性ST2对慢性心力衰竭患者的诊断价值探讨

目的 观察心力衰竭患者血清可溶性ST2（sST2）水平变化,分析其与射血分数、N末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）等的相关性,探讨sST2在心力衰竭诊断及危险分层中的应用价值.方法 入选2009年11月至2010年3月心力衰竭住院患者129例,按纽约心功能分级标准分为心功能Ⅱ级组66例、心功能Ⅲ级组32例、心功能Ⅳ级组31例,并收集患心脏神经症或阵发性室上性心动过速而胸部X线片、心脏彩超和心功能正常的35例作为对照组.采集入选者的临床资料,入院后行心脏彩色超声检查,测定血浆NT-proBNP水平,采用酶联免疫法测定血清sST2浓度.结果 血清sST2水平在心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ组[1.84（0.93 ～3.19） ng/ml]显著高于心功能Ⅱ级组[0.94 （0.83 ～ 1.30） ng/ml,P＜0.001]及对照组[0.77（0.69～1.92） ng/ml,P＜0.001].sST2浓度与NT-proBNP（r=0.352）、心功能分级（r =0.456）、左心室舒张末容积（r=0.287）呈正相关（均为P＜0.001）,与左心室射血分数呈负相关（r=-0.288,P=0.016）.血清sST2诊断心力衰竭的ROC曲线下面积为0.775,NT-proBNP的ROC曲线下面积为0.889,两者联合诊断的ROC曲线下面积为0.926.结论 心力衰竭患者血清sST2水平明显升高,升高水平与心力衰竭程度显著相关.sST2有可能作为判断心力衰竭的新生化指标,联合NT-proBNP可能会提高对心力衰竭的诊断价值.sST2或可作为NT-proBNP和超声心动图外的补充手段,对心力衰竭的诊断与鉴别有一定意义.     

射血分数中间值的心力衰竭患者的临床特征及预后研究

背景射血分数中间值的心力衰竭(HFmrEF)作为心力衰竭新增分型,其病理生理机制、群体特征、合并症及临床特征与射血分数降低的心力衰竭(HFr EF)患者不尽相同。目的探讨HFmr EF患者的临床特征及预后,以期为HFmr EF患者的临床诊治提供一定参考。方法本研究为回顾性研究。选取2016年6月—2019年6月在石河子大学医学院第一附属医院血管内科住院治疗的心力衰竭患者654例作为研究对象,根据左心室射血分数(LVEF)分为HFr EF组(LVEF <40%,n=299)、HFmr EF组(40≤LVEF <50%,n=153)和射血分数保留的心力衰竭(HFp EF)组(LVEF≥50%,n=202)。收集三组患者基线资料、入院24 h内实验室检查指标及超声心动图检查指标。所有患者均随访1年,记录患者全因死亡情况和全因死亡时间、因心力衰竭再入院情况和因心力衰竭再入院时间。结果HFmr EF组与HFr EF组患者年龄小于HFp EF组,HFr EF组患者年龄小于HFmr EF组(P <0.05);HFr EF组患者女性占比低于HFmr EF组与HFp EF组(P <0.05);HFmr EF组与HFr EF组患者心率大于HFp EF组,纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)分级优于HFp EF组,有糖尿病病史、陈旧性心肌梗死病史者所占比例高于HFp EF组,有心房颤动病史、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)病史者所占比例低于HFp EF组(P <0.05)。HFmr EF组与HFr EF组患者血肌酐、血尿酸、空腹血糖、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)及氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)高于HFp EF组,高密度脂蛋白低于HFp EF组(P <0.05);HFr EF组患者血肌酐、血尿酸、空腹血糖、NLR及NT-pro BNP高于HFmr EF组,高密度脂蛋白低于HFmr EF组(P <0.05)。HFmr EF组和HFr EF组患者左心房内径和左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)大于HFp EF组,HFr EF组患者左心房内径和LVEDD大于HFmr EF组(P <0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,心力衰竭分型与血肌酐(r=0.110)、血尿酸(r=0.264)、空腹血糖(r=0.139)、NLR(r=0.415)、NT-pro BNP(r=0.571)、左心房内径(r=0.246)及LVEDD(r=0.607)呈正相关,与高密度脂蛋白(r=-0.144)呈负相关(P <0.05)。本组患者随访过程中失访18例,失访率为2.7%,平均随访(12.0±1.6)个月。生存曲线分析结果显示,HFr EF组患者1年累积生存率和1年累积无心力衰竭再入院率低于HFp EF组和HFmr EF组,HFmr EF组患者1年累积无心力衰竭再入院率低于HFp EF组(P <0.05)。结论 HFmr EF患者的临床特征与HFr EF相似,其心力衰竭严重程度及左心室重构程度介于HFr EF与HFp EF之间,其1年累积生存率与HFp EF患者相似,均优于HFr EF患者,但其1年累积无心力衰竭再入院率低于HFpEF患者。     

ST2 elevation in heart failure,predictive of a high early mortality

BackgroundSoluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) is a novel biomarker shown to be useful for prognostic assessment in heart failure (HF). However, very limited data exists about its prognostic utility in patients with HF in India.MethodsWe studied 150 patients [mean age 67.7 ± 13.3, 93 (62%) males], hospitalized with clinical HF, irrespective of their left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). HF was confirmed by N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) value above 125 ng/L. Primary end point was death or cardiac transplant at 1-year follow-up, with additional telephonic follow-up performed at 2 years. The clinical outcomes were correlated with the sST2 values obtained at the time of initial hospitalization.ResultsHF was ischemic in origin in 82.0% patients. The primary outcome occurred in 9.3% patients at the end of 1-year follow-up and in 16.7% patients at the end of 2 years. The patients who had events had significantly higher NT-proBNP and sST2 values, but there was no difference in the clinical characteristics, cause of HF, baseline LVEF, or serum creatinine. The patients with elevated sST2 levels (>35 ng/mL) had substantially higher event rates than those with normal sST2 levels (13.7% vs 0.0% at 1-year, P = 0.005; 22.5% vs 4.2% at 2-years, P = 0.004). On multivariate analysis, sST2 was the strongest predictor of adverse outcomes at both 1-year and 2-year follow-ups.ConclusionIn patients hospitalized for HF, elevated sST2 >35 ng/mL at the time of initial hospitalization was associated with significantly high mortality over a 2-year period. The prognostic value of sST2 was incremental to that of NT-proBNP. These findings suggest that a single elevated sST2 value at the time of hospitalization should alert the physicians about the high risk of adverse outcomes and should help facilitate timely intensification of HF treatment.     

Carbohydrate antigen-125 and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels: compared in heart-failure prognostication

Carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA-125) is emerging as a prognostic biomarker of risk in heart failure. In a prospective study, we compared the prognostic values of CA-125 and amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with stable heart failure.We enrolled 102 consecutive chronic, stable, systolic-heart-failure patients (68 men and 34 women; median age, 71 yr) from November 2008 through February 2010. We measured baseline NT-proBNP and CA-125 levels and compared their prognostic values. The primary endpoint was all-cause death and other major adverse events, defined as hospitalization for decompensated heart failure or acute coronary syndrome.During a mean follow-up period of 14 ± 2 months, 12 patients died and 35 others sustained major adverse events. We found that CA-125 level significantly correlated with New York Heart Association functional class, pulmonary artery pressure, microalbuminuria, creatine kinase-MB fraction, and hemoglobin, albumin, and NT-proBNP levels. Upon receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, CA-125 and NT-proBNP had similar accuracy in predicting major adverse events and death: for major adverse events, area under the curve (AUC) was 0.699 for CA-125 (P=0.002) and 0.696 for NT-proBNP (P=0.002); for death, AUC was 0.784 for CA-125 (P=0.003) and 0.824 for NT-proBNP (P=0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CA-125 levels greater than 32 U/mL and NT-proBNP levels greater than 5,300 pg/mL had independent prognostic value for major adverse events and death.We conclude that baseline CA-125 and NT-proBNP levels are comparably reliable as heart-failure markers, and that CA-125 can be used for prognosis prediction in heart failure.     

N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide is a more powerful predictor of mortality than endothelin-1, adrenomedullin and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in patients referred for consideration of cardiac transplantation

BACKGROUND: The selection of patients for cardiac transplantation is notoriously difficult. We have demonstrated that N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a powerful predictor of mortality in advanced heart failure and is superior to the traditional markers of chronic heart failure (CHF) severity. However, the comparative prognostic power of endothelin-1 (Et-1), adrenomedullin (Adm) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in this patient group is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively studied 150 consecutive patients with advanced CHF referred for consideration of cardiac transplantation. Blood samples for NT-proBNP, Et-1, Adm and TNF-alpha analysis were taken at recruitment and patients followed up for a median of 666 days. The primary endpoint of all-cause mortality was reached in 25 patients and the secondary endpoint of all-cause mortality or urgent cardiac transplantation in 29 patients. The median values for NT-proBNP, Et-1, Adm and TNF-alpha were 1494 pg/ml [interquartile range 530-3930], 0.39 fmol/ml [0.10-1.24], 94 pg/ml [54-207] and 2.0 pg/ml [0-18.5] respectively. The only univariate and multivariate predictor of all-cause mortality (chi(2)=26.95, p<0.0001), or the secondary endpoint of all-cause mortality or urgent transplantation (chi(2)=31.23, p<0.0001), was an NT-proBNP concentration above the median value. CONCLUSION: A single measurement of NT-proBNP in patients with advanced CHF can help identify patients at the highest risk of death, and is a better prognostic marker than Et-1, Adm and TNF-alpha.