Regeneration of the rabbit spleen after hydrocortisone injection

The action of hydrocortisone on the rabbit spleen and the regenerative processes arising after cessation of administration of the hormone were studied. During prolonged administration of hydrocortisone the absorptive function of the reticuloendothelial system is depressed and atrophy of the spleen develops, as shown by a reduction in the weight and size of the organ. Most of the splenic follicles are converted into random clusters of lymphocytes. Pyroninophilic cells disappear from the white pulp. After cessation of the action of the hormone the animal's general condition improves, the development of the atrophic changes in the spleen is halted, the splenic follicles are restored, and the number of pyroninophilic cells in them increases. The use of a regeneration stimulator under these conditions accelerates recovery of the body weight of the animal, reversal of the atrophy of the spleen, and restoration of its normal structure.Department of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Erevan Zooveterinary Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 12, pp. 722–725, December, 1977.     

Blood leucocyte infiltration after intravenous injection of ferritin in the rat

Monocytes infiltrate glomeruli during mesangial deposition of ferritin, and during experimental glomerulonephritis. To determine whether this is solely a local phenomenon, leucocyte infiltration in other organs has been studied following intravenous ferritin injection. Lewis rats received an i.v. injection of 150 mg ferritin/100 g body weight. At 24 h there was a peripheral blood leucocytosis (ferritin-treated rats 26.32 +/- 13.7, control rats 8.54 +/- 2.41 X 10(6) cells/ml) due to increase in polymorphs and monocytes. Bone marrow cell counts fell (ferritin-treated rats 49 +/- 7, control 80 +/- 11 X 10(6)/100 g body weight). Cell counts on cell suspensions of perfused, enzyme-digested lung, liver and spleen, and lung lavage showed major significant increases in total cell counts: lung 250 +/- 36 (89 +/- 16), lung lavage 2.6 +/- 0.8 (1.4 +/- 0.5), liver 140 +/- 37 (60 +/- 11), spleen 306 +/- 38 (200 +/- 27) X 10(6)/100 g body weight (control values in parentheses). Cytospin preparations of these suspensions, stained for non-specific esterase showed that the increase in cell numbers was due to increases in non-specific esterase-positive cells (monocytes) and polymorphs. These results demonstrate a generalized leucocyte mobilization, sequestration, and tissue infiltration after i.v. ferritin. The renal glomerulus therefore is not the only site of leucocyte accumulation. These findings may have relevance for studies on inflammation mediated by leucocytes in models of experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis.     

Changes in urine excretion after injection of epinephrine in the renal artery

Summary In acute experiments on dogs a study was made of the effect produced by adrenalin on the urine secretion following administration of the preparation into one of the renal arteries; the second kidney served as control. As established, low adrenalin doses (0.02–0.05 g/kg/min) stimulated urine secretion mainly at the expense of increased filtration; a dose of 0.3–1 g/kg/min adrenalin inhibited the diuresis, decreasing filtration and intensifying water reabsorption in the tubules. The action of adrenalin on the kidney was eliminated by dihydroergotamine and large aminazine doses. Low doses of ephedrine increased diuresis at the expense of depressed water reabsorption in the tubules; similarly to adrenalin high doses of the preparation inhibited the diuresis.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 73–77, April, 1964     

家兔静脉灌注水杨酸钠对内毒素性发热及其脑中隔区精氨酸加压素含量的影响

本研究探讨了精氨酸加压素在水杨酸解热机制中的作用。实验结果表明:在静脉注射内毒素引起发热时,脑中隔区的精氨酸加压素含量明显升高(P<0.01);而静脉注射水杨酸钠1.3mol/L×2ml随后以24mmol/L×2ml/min恒速灌注,在抑制发热的同时,也消除了精氨酸加压素含量的升高(P<0.01)。作者推论:脑中隔区精氨酸加压素释放的增加可能参与水杨酸的解热过程。     

Dynamics of blood clearance of liposomes prepared from nonhydrolyzed diester analog of phosphatidylcholine after intravenous injection into mice

Changes in the content of liposomes prepared from egg phosphatidylcholine and its nonhydrolyzed diester analog 1,2-dipalmitylphosphatidylcholine in the blood and liver in the course of time after intravenous injection of the liposomes into mice were studied. Cholesteryl-[1-¹⁴C]-oleate was used as marked. The kinetics of blood clearance of the two types of liposomes consists of two phases: an initial rapid phase connected with removal of intact liposomes from the blood, and a subsequent slow phase. Replacement of phosphatidylcholine by its diester analog did not cause any delay in the disappearance of liposomes from the blood during the first phase, but reduced the rate of decrease of radioactivity of the blood somewhat during the slow phase. The results show that lipolytic enzymes capable of hydrolyzing the ester bonds in the 1 and 2 positions of phosphatidylcholine evidently do not participate in the mechanisms of removal of intact liposomes from the blood stream. Since liposomes prepared from the diester analog of phosphatidylcholine are rapidly cleared from the blood stream and since they cause unfavorable side effects, they appear to have no prospects for use as drug carriers capable of circulating in the blood stream for a long time.All-Union Cardiologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 8, pp. 160–161, August, 1979.     

Blood leucocyte infiltration after intravenous injection of ferritin in the rat.

Monocytes infiltrate glomeruli during mesangial deposition of ferritin, and during experimental glomerulonephritis. To determine whether this is solely a local phenomenon, leucocyte infiltration in other organs has been studied following intravenous ferritin injection. Lewis rats received an i.v. injection of 150 mg ferritin/100 g body weight. At 24 h there was a peripheral blood leucocytosis (ferritin-treated rats 26.32 +/- 13.7, control rats 8.54 +/- 2.41 X 10(6) cells/ml) due to increase in polymorphs and monocytes. Bone marrow cell counts fell (ferritin-treated rats 49 +/- 7, control 80 +/- 11 X 10(6)/100 g body weight). Cell counts on cell suspensions of perfused, enzyme-digested lung, liver and spleen, and lung lavage showed major significant increases in total cell counts: lung 250 +/- 36 (89 +/- 16), lung lavage 2.6 +/- 0.8 (1.4 +/- 0.5), liver 140 +/- 37 (60 +/- 11), spleen 306 +/- 38 (200 +/- 27) X 10(6)/100 g body weight (control values in parentheses). Cytospin preparations of these suspensions, stained for non-specific esterase showed that the increase in cell numbers was due to increases in non-specific esterase-positive cells (monocytes) and polymorphs. These results demonstrate a generalized leucocyte mobilization, sequestration, and tissue infiltration after i.v. ferritin. The renal glomerulus therefore is not the only site of leucocyte accumulation. These findings may have relevance for studies on inflammation mediated by leucocytes in models of experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis.     

Acute glomerulonephritis after intravenous injection of monoclonal anti-thymocyte antibodies in the rat

Female Wistar rats were injected with (mouse) monoclonal antibodies (Moabs) of different IgG subclasses directed to rat thymocytes or rat tumor cells. Following intravenous injection of antithymocyte Moabs, glomerular binding of mouse IgG was observed during the first 4 days along the GBM and in the mesangium. No staining for mouse IgG was detected in anti-tumor Moab injected rats. Animals injected with IgG 2a anti-thymocyte Moab developed glomerulonephritis and a massive proteinuria in contrast to rats injected with IgG 1 Moab which is non-complement fixing. The glomerulonephritis lesion consisted of microaneurysms and focal and segmental proliferation. Deposits of complement and fibrin could be detected exclusively in rats injected with IgG 2a anti-thymocyte Moab during the whole observation period of 14 days. This is the first demonstration of overt glomerulonephritis lesions on the injection of monoclonal antibodies.