中老年男性雄激素部分缺乏患者骨密度测定的临床价值

目的 探讨中老年男性雄激素部分缺乏(PADAM)患者的骨密度(BMD)特点和骨质疏松的发生率.方法 采用双能X线骨密度仪对56例PADAM患者(PADAM组)和与之年龄、体重指数(BMI)相匹配的51例健康中老年人(对照组)进行腰椎及股骨颈等部位的BMD测定,采用MES-01S20肌肉功能分析仪测定肌肉分布和力学特性,并收集相关生化指标、激素水平及部分骨代谢指标进行多元逐步回归分析.结果 与对照组比较,PADAM组腰椎BMD无显著改变(P＞0.05),而股骨颈、Ward三角区和大转子的BMD显著降低(P＜0.01),且其抗骨折能力和下肢最大肌力显著降低(P＜0.01).PADAM组和对照组的骨量减少发生率分别为48.2%(27/56)和35.3%(18/51),骨质疏松患病率分别为30.4%(17/56)和21.6%(11/51),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).PADAM患者的腰椎BMD与BMI呈正相关,而股骨颈、Ward三角区、大转子的BMD与年龄呈负相关,与BMI、血清总睾酮呈正相关(P＜0.05).结论 PADAM患者的BMD及抗骨折能力明显降低,存在骨质疏松性骨折的潜在危险,加强PADAM患者骨折的预防和治疗有重要意义.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the characteristics of bone mineral density (BMD) and the incidence of osteoporosis in partial androgen deficiency in aging male (PADAM) patients.Methods Fifty-six PADAM patients (PADAM group) and 51 healthy persons (control group) were selected according to their age and body mass index (BMI),and measured their BMD in the second to fourth lumber and the neck of femur with the dual-energy C X-ray BMD measuring instrument.MES-01S20 muscle function analyzer was used to determinate the distribution and mechanical properties of muscle.The biochemical and bone metabolic markers and sexual hormones were collected and observed by multivariate stepwise regression analysis.Results Compared with control group,BMD significantly decreased in the Ward triangle,femoral neck and big rotor (P ＜ 0.01 ) and no significant change in lumbar in PADAM group (P ＞ 0.05 ),and the fracture strength of femoral neck (FS) and the lower-limb muscular strength (MS) also significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidence of osteopenia were 48.2% (27/56) and 35.3% ( 18/51 ),osteoporosis were 30.4% (17/56) and 21.6% ( 11/51 ) respectively in PADAM group and control group.There was significant difference between two groups (P＜0.05).The BMD was positively correlated to BMI at the first to fourth lumber and negatively correlated to age,positively correlated to BMI and serum level of andrusol at the proximal left femur in the patients with PADAM.Conclusion BMD and the resistance to fracture aresignificantly lower in PADAM patients,and aging lower BMI and androgen deficiency are the risk factors of low BMD in PADAM patients.There is the potential of osteoporotic fracture risk,and it is important to strengthening the prevention and treatment of fractures in elderly PADAM patients.     

老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者发病韵相关因素分析

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者发病的相关危险因素。方法对本院106例老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者的年龄、体重指数（BMI）、糖尿病病程与其骨密度（BMD）进行相关因素分析。结果老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者中,80岁组的腰椎[（0．756±0．099）g／cm^2]、股骨颈[（0．658±0．111）g／cm^2]及Wards三角[（0．525±0．064）g／cm^2]BMD值较60岁组[（0．883±0．112）g／cm^2、（0．781±0．130）g／cm^2、（0．6274±0．118）g／cm^2]明显下降（P〈0．05）。低体重组（BMI≤20kg／m^2）的腰椎[（0．738±O．114）g／cm^2）]、股骨颈[（0．664±O．112）g／cm^2）]BMD值较正常体重组[（0．816±0．138）g／cm^2、（0．727±0．134）g／cm^2]明显下降（P〈0．05）。糖尿病病程〉10年组的腰椎[（0．743±O．122）g／cm^2]、股骨颈[（0．719±0．147）g／cm^2]BMD值较病程〈5年组[（0．886±0．132）g／cm^2、（0．792±0．122）g／cm^2]明显下降（P〈0．05）。骨密度与年龄、糖尿病病程呈负相关（P〈0．05）,与体重指数呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松症患者发病与高龄、低体重指数、糖尿病病程长的危险因素密切相关。     

2型糖尿病老年男性患者骨密度变化研究

目的研究2型糖尿病老年男性患者的骨矿面密度（bone mineral density,BMD）变化,探讨影响其骨密度的可能因素。方法应用双能x线骨密度仪测定60例老年男性2型糖尿病患者的腰椎和股骨颈骨密度,并检测血清和尿液中骨代谢及血糖相关的生化指标,分析影响患者骨密度的可能因素。结果依据患者腰椎或股骨颈的骨密度值,骨质疏松的检出率为20％,骨量减少的检出率为53．3％。相关分析显示,年龄、体重、HbAlc均是与腰椎或股骨的BMD相关的变量,其中体重与腰椎的BMD相关性最高（r=0．254,P〈0．01）,HbAlc与股骨的BMD相关性最好（r=-0．224,P〈0．01）。结论老年男性2型糖尿病患者的BMD与年龄、体重、HbAlc相关。     

大量饮酒对成年男性骨密度影响的回顾性分析

目的探讨大量饮酒对成年男性骨密度的影响。方法对219例成年男性查体资料进行回顾性分析,根据每日饮酒量分为大量饮酒组(98例)和非大量饮酒组(121例)。应用双能X线骨密度仪测定其腰椎和髋部骨密度,获得骨密度、骨矿含量、面积、T值和Z值。应用SPSS11.5统计软件对两组进行比较分析。结果大量饮酒组的腰椎骨密度和骨矿含量低于非大量饮酒组(1.09±0.17vs1.20±0.15g/cm2,P=0.001;67.86±13.84vs75.19±13.09g,P=0.001)。大量饮酒组股骨颈部位骨密度和骨矿含量低于非大量饮酒组(0.92±0.13vs0.97±0.12g/cm2,P=0.001;4.93±0.97vs5.22±0.81g,P=0.014)。两组的腰椎和股骨颈的面积均无统计学意义。根据T值,大量饮酒组的骨质疏松及低骨量的检出率(10.2%和32.7%)高于非大量饮酒组(分别为0%和14.9%),差别有统计学意义(P=0.001)。结论乙醇的毒害作用可导致骨量减低,戒酒有利于骨质疏松的干预。     

男性吸烟与骨密度及骨生化指标关系

目的探讨男性吸烟与骨密度及骨生化指标关系。方法用DXA仪测定腰椎及髋部骨密（BMD），用ELISA测定389例20～80岁健康男性血清骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（sBAP）和I型胶原氨基末端肽（sNTX）。结果（1）各部位BMD均在20岁～年龄组最高，30岁之后随年龄增加而缓慢下降；40—60岁各年龄组之间的BMD差异无统计学意义。（2）除腰椎侧位BMD外，吸烟组其它各部位BMD显著低于非吸烟组；吸烟组的BAP显著高于非吸烟组，2组之间的sNTX差异无统计学意义。（3）校正年龄与BMI后，烟龄与腰椎正位，髋部总体，股骨颈及ward＇s区BMD均呈负相关（P〈0．05）。每日吸烟量与腰椎正位及Ward＇s区BMD呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论男性随年龄增长骨量丢失。男性吸烟者骨生化指标与骨转换水平增高，骨量丢失加速。吸烟等生活方式增高骨转换水平，影响骨转换的增龄性变化并加速骨量的丢失。吸烟是骨质疏松的一个危险因素。预防骨质疏松症（OP）应提倡戒烟。     

广州地区中老年妇女骨密度检测结果分析

目的通过测量广州地区中老年妇女骨密度(BMD)水平,了解其骨密度现状及骨质疏松(OP)状况,为预防中老年妇女人群骨质疏松提供科学依据。方法对2010—2014年在广州市番禺区某体检中心体检的40岁及以上中老年妇女,采用X线骨密度仪测量其腰椎、股骨颈、髋部骨密度,分析各年龄段人群骨质变化情况以及与体质指数的关系。结果共检测40岁及以上妇女2 992人,年龄最大89岁,平均年龄为(61.98±10.59)岁。在不同检测部位中,各年龄组、各BMI组妇女BMD值不同,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。各部位BMD值随年龄增长而下降(P0.01)。偏瘦组各部位BMD值均较肥胖组、超重组和正常组要低(P0.01)。诊断为OP共有1 091例(占36.46%);骨量减少1 090例(占36.43%),27.11%骨密度正常。OP检出率随年龄增长而升高(P0.01);除肥胖组和超重组外,其余各组OP检出率两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。结论受检人群骨密度值大小与OP检出率受年龄和BMI值影响,随着年龄增长,人群BMD值逐渐下降,OP检出率逐渐上升;BMI较高的人群,其BMD值比BMI较低的人群要高,而OP检出率则相反。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病老年患者骨代谢与基质金属蛋白酶2的相关性研究

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清骨代谢指标和基质金属蛋白酶2(MM-2)水平的相关性.方法 选取40例稳定期COPD老年患者为COPD组,30例健康查体者为对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定患者血清MMP-2、骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACP-5b)、维生素D受体(VDR)水平,采用双能X线骨密度仪对COPD患者进行腰椎(L2～L4)、双侧股骨颈、股骨大转子骨密度测定.结果 40例COPD患者中,骨质疏松19例,占47.5％,骨量减少14例,占35.0％,正常骨密度7例,占17.5％.与对照组比较,COPD组血清MMP-2水平显著上升[(11.94±5.12) μg/L比(7.89±3.38)μg/L],腰椎(L2～L4)、股骨颈及股骨大转子骨密度水平显著降低[(0.94±0.40) g/cm2比( 1.78±0.76) g/cm2、(0.83±0.36) g/cm2比(1.34±0.57) g/cm2、(0.61±0.26) g/cm2比(0.93±0.40)g/cm2],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与对照组比较,COPD组血清BALP、VDR水平显著下降[(3.65±1.56)mg/L比(10.25 ±4.39) mg/L、(263.12±112.7) nmol/L比(633.43±271.47) nmol/L],TRACP-5b水平显著上升[(48.41±20.75) μg/L比(17.03±7.30)μg/L],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).COPD患者血清MMP-2水平与腰椎(L2～L4)、股骨颈及股骨大转子骨密度水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.497、-5.164、-0.492,P＜0.05),与TRACP-5b水平呈显著正相关(r=0.518,P＜0.05),与BALP、VDR 水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.468、--0.513,P＜0.05).结论 COPD患者发生骨质疏松与患者体内MMP-2水平增高和对骨代谢的影响有关.     

南京市中老年妇女骨密度及骨质疏松的调查

目的：通过检测本市部分身体健康的中老年妇女骨密度（Bone mineral density,BMD）水平,了解其骨质疏松发生情况及相关因素,为预防和延缓该人群骨密度水平急剧下降及骨质疏松工作提供科学依据,以降低中老年妇女骨折发病率.方法：使用双能X线骨密度仪检测志愿者的腰椎（L2～4）侧位的骨密度,骨质疏松的诊断标准按照WHO的诊断标准（BMD＜M-2.5SD）即测得的骨密度低于同性别峰值平均值的2.5个标准差）.结果;共检测符合条件的中老年妇女274名,腰椎（L2～4）的侧位骨密度平均值的整体均数为0.599 g/cm^2,骨质疏松的发生率为47.15.其中50～岁年龄组的分别为：0.622 g/cm^2、41.7%;55～60岁年龄组的分别为：0.546 g/cm^2、55.7%.55～60岁年龄组骨质疏松的发生率高于50～岁年龄组,超重或肥胖者骨质疏松的发生率较低.结论：该市应加强对中老年妇女骨质疏松的预防及治疗.     

阿法骨化醇对绝经后妇女骨密度及骨转换标志物的影响

目的探讨阿法骨化醇对绝经后妇女骨密度及骨转换标志物的影响。方法选择2009年9月至2011年12月在本院更年期门诊经骨密度（BDM）测量诊断为骨量减少或骨质疏松症,年龄在55～75岁之间的67例绝经后女性为观察对象,随机分为试验组36例,对照组31例。试验组口服氨基酸螯合钙1 000mg/d,阿法骨化醇0.25μg/次,一天两次;对照组口服氨基酸螯合钙1 000mg/d。两组均连续服药48周。两组治疗前、后采用双能X线吸收法测定股骨颈、大粗隆、Ward三角区及腰椎L2-4骨密度;同时采用酶联免疫法检测血清骨碱性磷酸酶（BALP）、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRACP）、25羟维生素D3[25-（OH）D3]结果治疗前试验组与对照组间股骨颈、大粗隆、Ward三角区及L2-4骨密度差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。试验组各部位BMD治疗后均有显著增加（P〈0.05）,而对照组治疗前后仅L2-4有显著增加（P〈0.05）。治疗后试验组与对照组各部位BMD差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。血清BALP、TRACP及25-（OH）D3水平治疗前试验组与对照组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,治疗后组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。试验组治疗前血清BALP、TRACP及25-（OH）D3水平分别为（26.52±6.07）μg/L、（2.84±0.97）U/L、（53.91±19.04）nmol/L,治疗后分别为（21.85±5.96）μg/L、（2.37±0.88）U/L、（57.87±19.24）nmol/L,BALP、TRACP均呈显著降低,25-（OH）D3有显著升高（P〈0.05）;对照组治疗前后各骨代谢指标改变差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论阿法骨化醇可用于绝经后骨质疏松症的治疗,可增加骨密度、降低骨转换,对治疗骨质疏松症有理论依据和临床意义。     

绝经后女性瘦体重、体脂与骨密度的关系

目的 探讨绝经后女性人群瘦体重、体脂与骨密度(BMD)的关系.方法 长沙地区各工作岗位的45～81岁绝经一年以上健康女性志愿者185例,采用美国Hologic QDR-4500A型扇形束DXA仪,测量每例受试者腰椎前后位腰1至腰4及髋部总体面积BMD,单位g/cm2.用美国Hologic QDR-4500A型扇形束DXA仪作全身扫描测出头部、躯干、肋骨、骨盆、脊椎、上肢、下肢及全身的骨矿物含量、BMD、体脂含量和肌肉组织重,结合测得的指标,计算出体重、瘦体重和体脂百分比.结果 瘦体重与各个部位骨密度呈显著正相关;总体脂含量与髋部骨密度呈正相关,体脂百分比与全身骨密度呈负相关. 结论 坚持适当运动以维持瘦体重,有助于减少绝经后女性骨量的丢失.     

Menstrual history and bone density in young women

Adequate levels of reproductive and pituitary hormones are needed for the initiation and maintenance of regular menstrual cycles as well as for the achievement of peak bone mineral density (BMD). Therefore, in the absence of direct hormone measures, menstrual history may serve as a surrogate for the adequacy of hormonal functioning and be a marker for bone status in young women. In our cross-sectional study of white college women aged 19-26 years, we examined the association of six characteristics of menstrual history with bone density at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck. To characterize associations, we used multiple linear regression models that also accounted for the contribution of body mass index, dietary calcium intake, height, level of physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use. The associations between each of the six menstrual characteristics and BMD were stronger at the lumbar spine than at the femoral neck. Age at menarche explained the most variance at both the lumbar spine (partial r2 x 100 = 5.9%) and the femoral neck (partial r2 x 100 = 2.1%). For each year that menarche was delayed, bone density was lower by -0.023 g/cm2 (p = 0.0024) at the lumbar spine and -0.0129 g/cm2 (p = 0.0565) at the femoral neck. At the lumbar spine, a higher number of lifetime menstrual cycles was also significantly associated with increased bone density (adjusted beta = 0.0010, p = 0.0052, partial r2 x 100 = 4.4%). This association was not significant after adjusting for age at menarche. Neither reproductive years (age - age at menarche) nor a history of irregular cycles (either at menarche, in the past year, or ever) was associated with bone density at either site. Menstrual function appears to affect the bone density of these young women. Studies that include measures of reproductive and pituitary hormones are needed to further explore the role of hormones in the potential link between menstrual history and bone density.     

Bone mineral density and metabolism at an early stage of menopause when estrogen and calcium supplement are not used and without the interference of major confounding variables

OBJECTIVES: To measure bone mineral density (BMD) and to screen for early biochemical abnormalities in bone mineral metabolism in the first five years of natural menopause when estrogen and calcium supplement are not used and in the absence of major confounding variables. SETTING: Two homogeneous and comparable groups (n = 30) of healthy pre- and postmenopausal Caucasian women living in a northern region (latitude 46 degrees N) were recruited during the mid-Spring/Summer season in a cross-sectional design. METHODS: Volumetric apparent BMAD (g/cm(3)) was calculated from areal BMD (g/cm(2)) which was evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar) at both axial and peripheric (femur) sites using two sets of reference values (WHO criterion expressed as T-score and absolute values of areal density) in combination to bone specific biochemical measurements. RESULTS: BMD and BM(A)D were significantly lower in postmenopausal women for all lumbar sites, but not for Ward's triangle and any other femoral sites whereas free deoxypyridinoline (Dpd), urinary biochemical marker of bone resorption, was markedly (p < 0.0001) greater. Their serum calcium and phosphate were significantly higher without a difference in 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and PTH. The prevalence of osteopenia in pre- and postmenopausal women was about 2-fold lower in both groups (26.6 and 46.9%, respectively) when lumbar (L) spine and femur neck were combined and using the criteria based on reference values of areal density instead of T-scores. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that the negative effects of estrogen deficiency on BMD and bone metabolism in early menopause occurred independently of the effect of major calcitropic hormones. Bone loss affects a non negligible proportion of premenopausal women. The prevalence of osteopenia in pre- and postmenopausal women varied according to the criterion used and anatomic site.     

Long-term depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate and bone mineral density.

The association between long-term use of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and bone mineral density (BMD) has been controversial, as seen in three case-control studies in New Zealand, Thailand, and the United Kingdom. In the present case-controlled study of BMD, a group of 67 Chinese women who had used DMPA from 5-15 years was compared with 218 women of the same age range who had not used any steroidal hormones. DMPA users were found to have a significantly lower BMD at lumbar vertebra (L2-4) (0.93 g/cm2), neck of femur (0.69 g/cm2), trochanter (0.59 g/cm2), and Ward's triangle (0.58 g/cm2), as compared with the control group, whose corresponding BMD values were 1.03 g/cm2, 0.83 g/cm2, 0.71 g/cm2, and 0.78 g/cm2, respectively (p < 0.001). The average percentage of bone loss per year was estimated to be 1.1% in L2-4, 2.3% in neck of femur, 2.4% in trochanter, and 3.5% in Ward's triangle. The percentage of bone loss in L2-4 was found to be more pronounced with age. This study provided information that the use of DMPA in a Chinese group for > 5 years in associated with bone loss, and a prospective study is needed to confirm these data, which are different from two case-control studies.     

北京城区老年绝经妇女维生素D与骨矿密度的关系

目的 分析北京城区老年绝经妇女维生素D水平与其身体各部位骨密度(BMD)的关系.方法 在2008年5月至7月,采用整群随机抽样方法 抽取北京3个城区所辖17个礼区的60岁以上老年绝经妇女400名(年龄的中位数为67.8岁),采用美国DioSorin放射免疫试剂盒测定血清25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]浓度,根据血清25(OH)D浓度将对象分为维生素D缺乏组[A组,25(OH)D≤25 nmol/L]、不足组[B组,25 nmol/L<25(OH)D≤50 nmol/L]、适宜组[C组,50 nmol/L<25(OH)D≤75 nmol/L]和维生素D充足组[D组,25(OH)D>75 nmol/L].采用双能X线吸收法(DEXA)测定全身、腰椎(L_(2～4))和股骨近端的BMD.结果 血清25(OH)D浓度为(36.0±14.6)nmol/L,全身和股骨颈BMD分别为(0.829±0.090)、(0.679±0.106)g/cm~2.A、B、C+D组全身BMD分别为(0.811±0.077)、(0.825±0.088)、(0.864±0.112)g/cm~2(F=16.93,P<0.01),股骨颈BMD分别为(0.666±0.107)、(0.673±0.099)、(0.725±0.117)g/cm~2(F=18.36,P<0.01),血清25(OH)D浓度与全身、股骨颈BMD呈正相关(r值分别为0.17、0.18,P值均<0.05).结论我国老年妇女维生素D营养状况与腰椎、股骨近端、髋部以及四肢BMD密切相关.     

肌注醋酸甲羟孕酮对25～40岁妇女骨矿物质密度的影响及停药后的恢复

目的:观察应用醋酸甲羟基孕酮(DMPA)避孕对BMD的影响,分析停药后的恢复情况。方法:随机选择68例应用DMPA避孕的25～40岁女性,每3个月肌注DMPA 1次,用药24个月;同时选择59例25～40岁未应用激素避孕药的女性作为对照,其中用药组61例,对照组52例完成2年的停药观察。对两组患者用药及随访期间应用双能X光线吸收法测量腰椎和股骨颈BMD。结果:用药组用药2年后腰椎和股骨颈平均BMD从基础值(1.11±0.11)g/cm2和(0.91±0.10)g/cm2下降到(1.05±0.10)g/cm2和(0.86±0.10)g/cm2,分别下降了5.52%和6.35%;与对照组相比骨矿物质密度明显降低(P<0.001)。停药2年后,应用DMPA组平均BMD明显增高,虽然DMPA组腰椎和股骨颈BMD仍然低于其用药前基础水平的1.08%和2.30%,但与对照组相比,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:年龄25～40岁女性应用DMPA导致骨矿物质密度降低,停止注射DMPA后,因使用DMPA所致BMD降低得以恢复。     

绝经后妇女体力活动水平与骨密度的关系

目的检验绝经后妇女体力活动(PA)总量及不同强度PA与骨密度(BMD)和骨盐含量(BMC)的关联。方法从广州市社区招募315名50～70岁停经妇女。通过面对面访问调查其日常PA情况及一般情况和膳食情况等相关协变量。采用双能X-光骨密度仪检测全身、腰椎(L1-L4)及左侧股骨(总股骨、股骨颈、大粗隆、股骨干和Wards区)的BMD和BMC。结果以PA能量代谢当量(MET值)进行三等分位法分组,协方差分析结果显示总体上各部位BMD和BMC随PA总量增加而呈增高的趋势。PA总量低、中、高水平组全身BMD的均值(SE)分别为(1.045±0.008),(1.043±0.008),(1.068±0.008)g/cm2,高PA组显著高于低和中PA组(P=0.049和0.028)。其他部位BMD在三组间无统计学差异意义(P>0.05)。高PA组总股骨、股骨颈、股骨干和Wards区的BMC显著高于低PA组(P=0.004～0.042)。不同强度PA对BMD影响不同,低强度PA越少、中等强度PA越多以及适量的高强度PA均增加BMD。结论较高的PA水平,尤其是增加中等强度和适量的高强度PA更有利于绝经后妇女的骨质健康。     

Prevalence and functional significance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Asian Indians

BACKGROUND: Recent studies show a wide prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Asian Indians. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the functional significance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene polymorphisms in relation to bone mineral density (BMD) in urban Asian Indians. DESIGN: Serum total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, 25(OH)D, intact PTH, and BMD at lumbar spine, proximal femur, and forearm were measured in 105 adult subjects. The genotyping related to VDR (BsmI, FokI, and TaqI) and PTH (BstBI and DraII) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms was carried out by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS: The mean serum 25(OH)D concentration in the whole cohort was 9.8 +/- 6.0 ng/mL, which was inversely related with serum intact PTH values (P = 0.042). Ninety-nine (94.3%) of the 105 subjects had vitamin D deficiency with 25(OH)D concentrations < 20 ng/mL. The age- and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted BMD value at the hip was higher in subjects with serum 25(OH)D values > 9.0 ng/mL than in those with values < or = 9.0 ng/mL (0.893 +/- 0.114 compared with 0.839 +/- 0.112 g/cm2, respectively; P = 0.001). The mean forearm and spine BMD values in subjects with TT (VDR, TaqI) or bb (PTH, BstBI) genotypes were significantly higher than the values in subjects with Tt genotype and BB or Bb genotype, respectively. CONCLUSION: Functionally significant 25(OH)D deficiency affecting BMD at the hip region is prevalent in urban Asian Indians. However, variation in BMD at the spine and forearm is related to VDR and PTH gene polymorphisms rather than to vitamin D status, at least in this hypovitaminotic D population.