核因子к B亚基65及细胞色素C氧化酶-Ⅱ在大鼠急性肝衰竭模型中的变化及意义

目的 观察核因子кB亚基65(nuclear factor-кB,NF-кB p65)及细胞色素C氧化酶-Ⅱ(cytochrome C oxidase-Ⅱ,COX-Ⅱ)在大鼠急性肝衰竭(acute liver failure,ALF)模型中的变化.方法 Sprague-Dawley雄性大鼠40只随机分为5组:对照组、A...     

肝脏X受体激活对α-GalCer诱导的小鼠肝损伤保护机制探讨

肝脏X受体（LXR）属于核受体超家族成员,对脂类代谢相关基因的转录调控起关键作用,同时具有调节免疫反应和抗炎效应。目的：研究LXR激活对仅．GalCer诱导的小鼠肝损伤保护作用的可能机制。方法：15只C57BL／6J小鼠随机分为正常对照组、α-GalCer模型组和LXR治疗组,后两组以仅α-GalCer腹腔注射诱导肝损伤模型．LXR治疗组于造模前连续7d腹腔注射LXR激动剂T0901317。造模6h后处死小鼠,行肝组织病理学检查和血清AIJT、AST水平检测,免疫组化染色检测肝组织白细胞介素-6（IL-6）表达．蛋白质印迹法检测肝内P13K／Akt／NF—κB信号通路激活情况,实时RT-PCR检测肝组织肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）mRNA表达。结果：与正常对照组相比,α-GalCer模型组小鼠肝损伤明显。血清转氨酶水平升高,肝组织IL-6、TNF-α仅、iNOS表达上调．P13K／Akt／NF—κB信号通路激活。LXR治疗组肝损伤和血清转氨酶水平较α-GalCer模型组显著改善,肝组织炎症介质表达下调,P13K／Akt／NF—κB信号通路激活受抑。结论：LXR激活可调节免疫反应,抑制肝脏炎症,从而显著减轻α-GalCer诱导的小鼠肝损伤．其机制可能与抑制P13K／Akt／NF—κB信号通路激活有关。     

过表达miR-140-5p对高脂饲养诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠的作用及机制

目的 探究过表达miR-140-5p对高脂饲养诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)大鼠的作用及机制.方法 40只大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、空载体组和过表达组,每组各10只.对照组给予普通饲料饲养,模型组给予高脂饲料饲养构建NAFLD大鼠模型,空载体组在模型组基础上于饲养第13周、第18周尾静脉注射含空载质粒的慢病毒...     

雷帕霉素对急性肝功能衰竭大鼠Toll样受体-4表达的影响

目的 探讨雷帕霉素抑制Janus激酶/信号转导和转录激活子(JAK/STAT)通路对急性肝功能衰竭大鼠Toll样受体(TLR)-4基因表达的影响.方法采用腹腔注射D-氨基半乳糖(D-GalN)800 mg/kg和脂多糖(LPS)8 μg/只,建立急性肝功能衰竭大鼠模型,分别在注射D-GalN和LPS后2、6、12、24、48 h 5个时间点留取大鼠血及肝脏标本.SD大鼠分为对照组(n=6)、急性肝功能衰竭模型组(n=30)、STAT抑制剂雷帕霉素(RPM)干预组(n=30),在各不同时间点检测ALT、AST.ELISA法检测血清TNF-α、IL-6水平,RT-PCR法检测大鼠肝组织TLR-4 mRNA表达.数据行t检验.结果急性肝功能衰竭组大鼠在造模后2 h TNF-α、IL-6水平均显著升高,6 h达峰值,RPM可明显抑制TNF-α、IL-6水平.急性肝功能衰竭组大鼠6、12、24、48 h肝组织中TLR-4 mRNA分别为0.745±0.135、1.092±0.175、1.115±0.152和0.812±0.130,RPM干预后分别为0.545±0.118、0.798±0.124、0.857±0.109和0.595±0.152,各时间点两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.726、3.349、3.382和2.567,均P＜0.05).TLR-4 mRNA表达与ALT、AST均呈正相关(r值分别为0.722、0.712,均P＜0.01).结论抑制JAK/STAT通路可明显下调急性肝功能衰竭大鼠肝组织TLR-4表达,JAK/STAT通路可能参与急性肝功能衰竭过程中TLR-4mRNA表达的调控.     

人脂肪干细胞来源外泌体对急性肝衰竭大鼠炎症反应的抑制作用及相关机制

目的:研究人脂肪干细胞来源外泌体(ADSCs-Exos)对急性肝衰竭大鼠炎症反应的抑制作用及相关机制。方法:脂肪组织来自整形手术中无菌切除的医疗废弃物,分离培养人脂肪干细胞(ADSCs),收集培养上清,采用密度梯度离心法提取外泌体(Exos)。45只SD大鼠随机分为健康组(10只)和造模组(35只),健康组大鼠未做特殊处理,造模组大鼠采用一次性D-Gal/LPS诱导法建立急性肝衰竭模型,28只大鼠建模成功,随机分为疾病组(9只)、Exos组(9只)和阳性对照组(10只)。Exos组大鼠尾静脉注射ADSCs-Exos 100μg,阳性对照组大鼠尾静脉注射甘草酸二铵注射液15 mg/kg,健康组与疾病组大鼠尾静脉注射200μl PBS溶液,尾静脉注射1次/周,持续12周。观察实验大鼠肝组织病理变化,测定实验大鼠血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、白介素-10(IL-10)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,肝组织Toll样受体4(TLR4)、髓样分化因子88(MyD88)、核转录因子κB(NF-κB)蛋白相对表达量。结果:与健康组比较,疾病组、Exos组、阳性对照组大鼠血清AST、ALT、IL-6、TNF-α水平均升高,IL-10水平均降低(P<0.05);与疾病组比较,Exos组、阳性对照组大鼠血清AST、ALT、IL-6、TNF-α水平均降低(P<0.05),IL-10水平均升高(P<0.05);与阳性对照组比较,Exos组大鼠血清AST、ALT、IL-6、TNF-α水平均升高(P<0.05),IL-10水平降低(P<0.05)。疾病组大鼠肝组织有大片坏死灶,并伴有明显门静脉充血及凝血现象;阳性对照组大鼠肝组织有少量小面积、散在坏死灶,少量多型核白细胞浸润;Exos组大鼠肝组织坏死灶数量减少、面积缩小,门静脉充血及凝血现象改善。与健康组比较,疾病组、Exos组、阳性对照组大鼠肝组织TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB蛋白相对表达量均升高(P<0.05);与疾病组比较,Exos组、阳性对照组大鼠肝组织TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB蛋白相对表达量均降低(P<0.05);与阳性对照组比较,Exos组大鼠肝组织TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB蛋白相对表达量均升高(P<0.05)。结论:ADSCs-Exos可改善急性肝衰竭大鼠肝功能,抑制炎症反应,减轻肝组织病理变化,推测其作用机制与抑制TLR4信号通路有关。     

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule on Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Mice

Background and Aim

Recent findings indicate that carbon monoxide (CO) in non-toxic doses exerts a beneficial anti-inflammatory action in various experimental models. However, the precise anti-inflammatory mechanism of CO in the intestine remains unclear. Here, we assessed the effects of a novel water-soluble CO-releasing molecule, CORM-3, on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in mice.

Methods

To induce colitis, C57BL/6 male mice received an enema of TNBS. CORM-3 or its inactive compound, iCORM-3, were administered intraperitoneally, once immediately before, and twice daily after receiving an enema of TNBS. Three days after TNBS administration, the distal colon was removed, assessed for colonic damage and histological scores, polymorphonuclear leukocyte recruitment (tissue-associated myeloperoxidase, MPO activity), and TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17A expression (mRNA and protein levels in the colon mucosa). CD4⁺ T cells isolated from murine spleens were stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28, in the presence or absence of CORM-3/iCORM-3. The cell supernatants were assessed for TNF-α and IFN-γ expression, 24 h following stimulation.

Results

Colonic damage and histological scores were significantly increased in TNBS-induced mice compared to sham-operated mice. Tissue-associated MPO activity and expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17A in the colonic mucosa were higher in TNBS-induced colitis mice. The above changes were attenuated in CORM-3-treated mice. Further, CORM-3 was effective in reducing TNF-α and IFN-γ production in anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated CD4⁺ T cells.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that CO released from CORM-3 ameliorates inflammatory responses in the colon of TNBS-challenged mice at least in part through a mechanism that involves the suppression of inflammatory cell recruitment/activation.     

CORM-2对百草枯致老年小鼠肺纤维化的保护作用

目的观察一氧化碳释放因子(CORM-2)对百草枯(Paraquat,PQ)诱导的老年小鼠肺纤维化的保护作用及其机制。方法 72只C57BL/6老年小鼠随机分为对照组、PQ组、CORM-2+PQ组、iCORM-2+PQ组,每组18只。之后分别在给药后3、5、7 d处死小鼠,留取动脉血、血清及肺组织,分析各组之间动脉血氧分压差别;ELISA法检测血清TNF-α水平,检测肺组织湿干重比,肺组织特殊病理学染色对比各组之间肺纤维化变化,肺组织MDA、MPO水平变化,Western印迹分析肺组织一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)表达水平变化。结果与对照组相比,其他各组小鼠动脉血氧分压下降,肺组织MDA、MPO升高,此变化在PQ组及iCORM-2+PQ组中更为明显,而这两组无明显差别;在CORM-2+PQ组中小鼠血氧饱和度下降较前两组明显改善,肺纤维化程度减轻,并具有显著性差异。结论 CORM-2对于PQ导致的老年小鼠肺纤维化具有保护作用,此保护作用可能与一氧化碳的抗氧化作用有关,并且可能通过抑制iNOS的表达而改善肺脏氧合功能。     

IL-33及其受体ST2在D-GalN/LPS诱导的急性肝功能衰竭小鼠中的表达及意义

目的研究D-GalN/LPS诱导的急性肝衰竭小鼠中IL-33及其受体ST2的表达及意义。方法腹腔注射DGaIN(900 mg/kg)/LPS(10μg/kg)诱导急性肝衰竭小鼠模型。通过q-PCR、Westcrn印迹、ELISA、免疫组织化学染色等实验技术检测IL-33及其受体ST2在不同时间点的动态变化。结果急性肝衰竭小鼠肝内的IL-33 mRNA水平随着肝损伤加重不断增高,肝衰竭时上升至峰值,D-GalN/LPS诱导后7 h,肝组织表现为明显坏死。而肝内ST2L受体蛋白含量在DGalN/LPS诱导后3 h,未出现明显的肝细胞损伤前已显著升高,之后不断下降,到7 h肝衰竭时其水平降至最低。此外,外周血清中IL-33蛋白水平亦随时间持续升高,在7 h肝衰竭时达高峰,与IL-33 mRNA的动态变化相一致。然而血清sST2蛋白水平在0 h和3 h肝细胞损伤的早期无明显差异,但在5 h肝细胞损伤的中期却显著升高,之后又显著降低。免疫组织化学染色显示急性肝衰竭小鼠肝内IL-33来源于血管内皮细胞和肝血窦细胞核内。结论 IL-33及其受体ST2随时间的动态变化与急性肝衰竭的病情进展存在紧密联系,提示IL-33/ST2轴参与了急性肝衰竭的发生发展过程。     

炎症因子与糖尿病心肌病关系的实验研究

目的探讨核因子-κB(NF-κB)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、环氧化酶(COX-2)在糖尿病心肌病发病中的作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分成对照组(30例),糖尿病组(30例)。分别于1、3、6个月末留取心肌标本,观察心肌的病理改变并用免疫组织化学法分析NF-κBi、NOS、COX-2的表达,NF-κB做凝胶电迁移(EMSA)电泳条带灰度分析。结果糖尿病大鼠较正常大鼠心肌组织中NF-κBi、NOS、COX-2的表达明显增加(P<0.01)。心肌病理结果显示:与对照组相比,糖尿病组心肌间质纤维化、凝固性坏死等病变明显加重。结论NF-κBi、NOS、COX-2伴随着心脏病理学改变而持续活化,可能在糖尿病心肌病中发挥重要作用。     

CO liberated from CORM-2 modulates the inflammatory response in the liver of thermally injured mice

AIM： To explore the effects of CO-releasing molecules [tricarbonyldichlororuthenium （Ⅱ） dimer, CORM-2]- liberated CO on attenuation of inflammatory responses in liver of an experimental animal model of thermal injury and to investigate the associated potential mechanisms. METHODS： Thirty-six mice were assigned to three groups in three respective experiments. In each experiment, mice in sham group （n = 4） received sham thermal injury, whereas mice in burn group （n = 4） received a 15% of total body surface area （TBSA） fullthickness thermal injury, and mice in burn ＋ CORM-2 group （n = 4） received the same thermal injury with immediate administration of CORM-2 （8 mg/kg, iv）. Hepatic tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined under a light microscope. Levels of aminotransferases （ALT and AST） and nitric oxide （NO） were measured by biochemical methods. Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin （IL-1β） activity, and the protein expression of iNOS and HO-1 in serum and tissue homogenates were assessed. In in vitro experiments, Kupffer cells were stimulated with LPS （10 μg/mL） for 4 h in the presence or absence of CORM-2 （10-100 μmol/L）. Subsequently, the expression levels of TNF-α and NO production were assessed. RESULTS： Pro-inflammatory mediators （TNF-α, IL- 1β, NO） in serum and liver homogenates of thermally injured mice were significantly reduced by CORM-2 administration. This was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of iNOS while an increase in the expression of HO-1 in the liver tissue. In parallel, the concentrations of TNF-α and NO in supernatants of LPS-stimulated Kupffer cells co-incubated with CORM-2 （10-100 μmol/L） were also markedly decreased.Histological examination demonstrated that CORM-2 could attenuate the leukocytes infiltration to the liver tissue. CONCLUSION： CORM-released CO modulates liver inflammation and significantly protects liver injury in burn mice by inhibiting the expression     

S-Adenosylmethionine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury by downregulating the Toll-like receptor 4 signal in Kupffer cells

Purpose

S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) is beneficial for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury, but its molecular basis is not fully understood. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of SAM on LPS signal transduction and its possible mechanism.

Methods

An animal model of LPS-induced liver injury was established by intraperitoneally injecting mice with 10 mg/kg LPS pretreatment with or without SAM (170 μmol/kg body weight). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein expression in liver tissues and the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) secretion level in serum were detected by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Then, Kupffer cells (KCs) were isolated and challenged with LPS, with or without SAM pretreatment (1,000 μM), and the expressions of TLR4 and myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MYD88) were assayed at the mRNA and protein levels. The activities of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were also analyzed using Western blotting.

Results

SAM significantly improved the survival rate of endotoxemic mice (p < 0.05) and decreased TNF-α levels in serum (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, SAM also attenuated LPS-induced liver injury and expression of TLR4 and MYD88 in the hepatic sinusoid. Moreover, TLR4 and MYD88 gene and protein expressions were downregulated by SAM pretreatment in LPS-stimulated KCs. Finally, SAM did not affect NF-κB-p65 translocation into the nucleus (p > 0.05), but significantly inhibited p38 MAPK activation (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

SAM attenuated liver injury and improved the survival rate in endotoxemic mice by decreasing the TNF-α expression. The downregulative effect of SAM on TNF-α was mediated by suppressing activation of the TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway.     

肾衰饮对CRF大鼠TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB信号通路及炎症状态的影响

目的基于toll样受体(TLR)4/髓样细胞分化因子(MyD)88/核转录因子(NF)-κB信号通路探讨肾衰饮对慢性肾衰竭(CRF)大鼠炎症状态的干预机制。方法将60只SD大鼠,随机分成四组,分别为正常组、模型组、尿毒清组和肾衰饮组。进行4 w的干预治疗后,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠肾脏组织病理形态改变,检测血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN),酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测大鼠血清白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平,分别采用免疫组化法和Western印迹检测大鼠肾脏组织TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB蛋白表达。结果与正常组比较,模型组HE染色显示大鼠肾脏组织发生明显病理改变,血Scr、BUN、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平均显著升高(P<0.01),肾脏组织中TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB蛋白表达均显著升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,尿毒清组和肾衰饮组肾脏组织病理改变明显改善,血清Scr、BUN、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平均显著降低(P<0.01),肾脏组织中TLR4、MyD88、NF-κB蛋白表达均显著降低(P<0.01)。结论肾衰饮能有效改善CRF大鼠的肾功能,其机制可能是抑制TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB信号通路从而抑制炎症反应发生,达到治疗CRF的目的。     

右美托咪定联合Tol样受体4抑制剂对缺氧复氧心肌细胞凋亡和炎症反应的影响及其机制

目的探讨右美托咪定(DEX)联合Toll样受体4(TLR4)抑制剂TAK-242对缺氧复氧(H/R)心肌细胞凋亡和炎症反应的影响及其机制。方法心肌细胞H9C2分为对照(Con)组、H/R组(H/R损伤)、DEX组(1.0μmol/L DEX,再行H/R损伤)、TAK-242组(30μmol/L TAK-242,再行H/R损伤)和DEX+TAK-242组(30μmol/L TAK-242及1.0μmol/L DEX,再行H/R损伤处理)。各组细胞复氧培养6 h后,采用MTT法、流式细胞仪、试剂盒、酶联免疫吸附法检测细胞增殖、凋亡、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放率、白介素1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量,Western blot检测B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、裂解的caspase-3(cleaved caspase-3)、TLR4和核因子B p65(NF-κB p65)蛋白表达。结果五组细胞凋亡率、LDH释放率、Bax、Bcl-2、cleaved caspase-3、TLR4、NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平、IL-1β、TNF-α含量比较差异均有统计学意义(F=316.938、330.004、839.933、169.750、378.365、476.535、298.527、99.219、293.498,P<0.05)。与Con组相比,H/R组细胞的凋亡率、LDH释放率、Bax、cleaved caspase-3、TLR4和NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平、细胞上清液中IL-1β和TNF-α含量均明显升高(均P<0.05),Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低(均P<0.05)。与H/R组相比,DEX组、TAK-242组和DEX+TAK-242组的细胞凋亡率、LDH释放率、Bax蛋白、cleaved caspase-3、TLR4和NF-κB p65蛋白、IL-1β、TNF-α的表达水平均明显降低,Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显升高(均P<0.05)。与DEX组、TAK-242组相比,DEX+TAK-242组的细胞凋亡率、LDH释放率、Bax、cleaved caspase-3、TLR4和NF-κB p65蛋白表达、IL-1β、TNF-α表达水平更低,Bcl-2蛋白的表达更高(均P<0.05)。结论DEX和TAK-242联合可协同抑制H/R引起的心肌细胞凋亡和炎症反应,其作用机制可能与协同抑制TLR4/NF-κB通路有关。     

CCDC80对巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞炎症因子表达的影响及机制

目的 探讨卷曲螺旋结合域蛋白80(CCDC80)对THP-1 巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞炎症因子表达的影响及相关分子机制.方法 体外培养的THP-1 细胞用佛波酯(160 nmol/L)处理,诱导分化为巨噬细胞,然后使用氧化型低密度脂蛋白(50 mg/L)处理使其荷脂形成泡沫细胞,并进行常规细胞体外培养.ELISA 检测细胞...     

Urotensin Ⅱ在急性肝衰竭小鼠肝组织中的表达及损伤作用

目的:探讨Urotensin Ⅱ(UⅡ)在急性肝衰竭(acute liver failure,ALF)小鼠肝组织中的表达及损伤作用.方法:♂Balb/c小鼠随机分成4组(每组6只):正常对照组(A组)、预处理对照组(B组)、模型组(C组)和预处理模型组(D组).模型动物以脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)/D-半乳糖胺(D-galactosamine,D-GalN)腹腔注射,预处理动物在造模前30min,用UⅡ受体拮抗剂Urantide0.6mg/kg尾静脉注射.LPS/D-GalN攻击12h后,采集血清和肝组织标本,并观察24h小鼠存活情况;采用Reitman-Frankel法检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate amino-transferase,AST)活性水平;采用HE染色显微镜观察肝组织损伤程度;RT-PCR法检测UⅡ及其受体UTmRNA的表达;ELISA法检测血清UⅡ多肽分泌水平;免疫组织化学方法检测肝组织UⅡ多肽及其UT受体蛋白质表达.结果:C组小鼠死亡率为66.7%,A、B和D组所有动物均存活;LPS/D-GalN攻击引起C和D组小鼠血清ALT和AST水平显著升高(P<0.01),而D组较C组显著降低(2271.09U/L±102.24U/Lvs1160.67U/L±258.32U/L,1569.42U/L±204.04U/Lvs1030.31U/L±108.09U/L,P<0.01);C组小鼠肝组织结构破坏明显,见大片出血性坏死及炎症表现,D组肝组织结构保持完整,仅有局灶性出血坏死,炎症明显减轻;C和D组小鼠血清UⅡ多肽水平较A和B组高(P<0.01),但D组较C组明显降低(3.73g/L±0.52g/Lvs1.90g/L±0.27g/L,P<0.01);LPS/D-GalN诱导了C和D组小鼠肝组织UⅡ和UT的mRNA及蛋白质高水平表达,而D组的表达水平较C组显著降低(P<0.01).结论:LPS/D-GalN可诱导ALF小鼠肝组织表达和分泌UⅡ,并促进肝组织UT受体的表达;UⅡ的表达与分泌可能存在正反馈调控机制;UⅡ/UT受体介导了LPS/D-GalN诱导的ALF的发生.     

NF-κB信号传导通路相关基因不同表型肝癌患者尿8-OHdG水平观察

目的观察NF-κB信号传导通路相关基因不同表型的肝癌患者尿8-羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）水平。方法 PCR-RFLP法检测155例肝癌患者（肝癌组）NF-κB信号传导通路中TNF-α、NF-κB、iNOS、COX-2的基因表型。采用ELISA法检测肝癌组及151例健康体检者（对照组）的尿8-OHdG。结果肝癌组尿8-OHdG水平为（9.29±8.04）ng/mg Cr,对照组为（7.27±5.06）ng/mg Cr,两组相比,P〈0.05。肝癌组NF-κB信号传导通路相关基因TNF-α、NF-κB、iNOS、COX-2基因不同表型组尿8-OHdG水平相比,P均〉0.05。结论肝癌患者尿8-OHdG水平高于正常,可能与肝癌发病有关。NF-κB信号传导通路相关基因多态性与肝癌患者尿8-OHdG水平无明显关系。     

Sphingosine kinase 1 dependent protein kinase C-δ activation plays an important role in acute liver failure in mice

AIM: To investigate the role of protein kinase C (PKC)-δ activation in the pathogenesis of acute liver failure (ALF) in a well-characterized mouse model of D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALF.METHODS: BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to five groups, and ALF was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of D-GaIN (600 mg/kg) and LPS (10 μg/kg). Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels at different time points within one week were determined using a multiparameteric analyzer. Serum levels of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 as well as nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatic morphological changes at 36 h after ALF induction were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression of PKC-δ in liver tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS: The expression and activation of PKC-δ were up-regulated in liver tissue and PBMCs of mice with D-GalN/LPS-induced ALF. Inhibition of PKC-δ activation with rottlerin significantly increased the survival rates and decreased serum ALT/AST levels at 6, 12 and 24 h compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Rottlerin treatment also significantly decreased serum levels of HMGB1 at 6, 12, and 24 h, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 β at 12 h compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis in liver tissue were also decreased in the rottlerin treatment group. Furthermore, sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) dependent PKC-δ activation played an important role in promoting NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine production in ALF.CONCLUSION: SphK1 dependent PKC-δ activation plays an important role in promoting NF-κB activation and inflammatory response in ALF, and inhibition of PKC-δ activation might be a potential therapeutic strategy for this disease.