Hemogenic endothelial progenitor cells isolated from human umbilical cord blood

Hemogenic endothelium has been identified in embryonic dorsal aorta and in tissues generated from mouse embryonic stem cells, but to date there is no evidence for such bipotential cells in postnatal tissues or blood. Here we identify a cell population from human umbilical cord blood that gives rise to both endothelial cells and hematopoietic progenitors in vitro. Cord blood CD34+/CD133+ cells plated at high density in an endothelial basal medium formed an endothelial monolayer and a nonadherent cell population after 14-21 days. AML-1, a factor required for definitive hematopoiesis, was detected at low levels in adherent cells and at high levels in nonadherent cells. Nonadherent cells coexpressed the endothelial marker vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and the hematopoietic marker CD45, whereas adherent cells were composed primarily of VE-cadherin+/CD45- cells and a smaller fraction of VE-cadherin+/CD45+ cells. Both nonadherent and adherent cells produced hematopoietic colonies in methylcellulose, with the adherent cells yielding more colony-forming units (CFU)-GEMM compared with the nonadherent cells. To determine whether the adherent endothelial cells were producing hematopoietic progenitors, single cells from the adherent population were expanded in 96-well dishes for 14 days. The clonal populations expressed VE-cadherin, and a subset expressed AML-1, epsilon-globin, and gamma-globin. Three of 17 clonal cell populations gave rise to early CFU-GEMM hematopoietic progenitors and burst-forming unit-erythroid progenitors. These results provide evidence for hemogenic endothelial cells in human umbilical cord blood.     

纳米羟基磷灰石对人脐带静脉血管内皮细胞的毒性评价

背景：有研究应用脉冲激光沉积合成技术在人工心脏机械瓣膜上沉积胶原制备了新型纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜涂层。 目的：观察此种新型纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜对人脐带静脉血管内皮细胞的毒性。 方法：分别采用纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜常温浸提液、纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜高温浸提液、高密度聚乙烯及苯酚溶液培养人脐静脉血管内皮细胞,72 h内倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞生长状况;培养7 d时采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖与毒性分级。 结果与结论：培养24 h,纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜常温浸提液组、纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜高温浸提液组和高密度聚乙烯组细胞生长良好,呈梭形,折光性强,3组细胞形态、数量无明显差异;苯酚溶液组细胞多为悬浮、圆形、固缩的死细胞;48 h时,除了苯酚溶液组外,其余3组细胞数量明显增加,细胞生长密集,至72 h时细胞生长旺盛,间隙显著减小。培养7 d内,纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜常温浸提液组、纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜高温浸提液组和高密度聚乙烯组细胞增殖活性无差异,均高于苯酚溶液组(P < 0.05),纳米羟基磷灰石薄膜毒性级别为0至1级,表明纳米羟基磷灰石人工心脏机械瓣膜有良好的组织细胞相容性,无毒性作用。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

Culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells on immobilized vascular endothelial growth factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was immobilized on substrata in photoreactive gelatin to control the adhesion and growth of vascular endothelial cells. The gelatin and VEGF were mixed in water and cast on a polystyrene dish or a silane-coated glass plate. The surface was then photoirradiated in the presence or absence of a photomask and washed. Toughness of the immobilized material was confirmed by ethanol treatment. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) grew on the immobilized VEGF but not on a nontreated surface. Growth of HUVEC increased significantly with an increase in the amount of immobilized VEGF, and the effects were inhibited by treatment with anti-VEGF antibody. Thus, immobilized VEGF specifically interacted with HUVECs to permit growth in culture. Micropatterning of HUVEC cultures was also achieved using micropattern-immobilized VEGF. This patterning technique may be useful for the formation of blood vessel networks in vitro.     

Polyelectrolyte multilayer films allow seeded human progenitor-derived endothelial cells to remain functional under shear stress in vitro

There is considerable interest in making multilayer films for various applications, among which are cell contacting biomaterials, allowing new opportunities to prepare functionalized biomaterials. In this study we have explored the capability of poly(sodium-4-styrene sulfonate)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PMFs) as functional coatings for human progenitor-derived endothelial cells (PDECs), since the latter are a potential source of endothelial-type cells to be used in bioartificial vascular substitutes. We performed investigations with PDECs derived from peripheral blood and characterized as endothelial cells. After forming a confluent monolayer on PMFs they were exposed to laminar pulsatile physiological shear stress. We investigated whether PDECs were able to withstand shear stress and to respond at the mRNA (microarray analysis) and protein levels (thrombomodulin and tissue factor functional activity), in comparison with collagen I and fibrin glue used as controls. After shear stress the PDECs remained spread on the substrates, with a resulting increase in the number of expressed genes. Considering the functional significance of our findings for the regulation of coagulation and fibrinolytic factors, mRNA tissue plasminogen activator and thrombomodulin, profibrinolytic and thrombin inhibiting respectively, were overexpressed in PDECs after 6 h shear stress. von Willebrand factor showed down-regulation, while tissue factor was up-regulated. We can speculate that PMFs could favour anti-thrombogenic activity by PDECs because activated protein C generation, measuring thrombomodulin activity, was particularly high on PMFs, but unchanged after 6 h shear stress. Thus, PMFs could represent suitable coatings able to provide functional surfaces for endothelialization with PDECs.     

Derivation of endothelial cells from CD34- umbilical cord blood

CD34 is a transmembrane glycoprotein constitutively expressed on endothelial cells and hematopoietic stem cells. Use of CD34-recognizing antibodies has helped in the identification and isolation of CD34+ endothelial precursors from embryonic and adult tissues. However, CD34-null mice display no vascular abnormalities, demonstrating that CD34 antigen expression is not required for normal vascular development. Here we show that a CD34- cell population that includes endothelial cell precursors can be isolated from cord blood. In the presence of angiogenic factors, these cells mature to express the endothelial cell markers vascular endothelial-cadherin, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and -2, Tie-1 and -2 (tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domains), von Willebrand factor, and CD31 while maintaining their CD34- status, and can be expanded in vitro for over 20 passages. Moreover, in functional studies, these cells can undergo extracellular matrix-dependent morphogenic changes into capillary-like tubular structures. When transplanted into immunodeficient mice in conjunction with tumor cells or with the proangiogenic factor basic fibroblast growth factor, these cells can form functional microvessels arising along with host blood cells. These studies provide strong evidence for the existence of CD34- endothelial cell precursors in cord blood and suggest the use of ex vivo-expanded cord blood CD34- cells as a unique tool for the investigation of postnatal lineage diversification.     

The persistence of electrostatically seeded endothelial cells lining a small diameter expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vascular graft.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the persistence of electrostatically seeded endothelial cells (ECs) lining an expanded polytetrafluorethylene (e-PTFE) graft after one week exposure to in vivo circulation in a canine femoral artery bypass model. This was accomplished by visualizing the PKH 26 (red fluorescent) label placed in the EC membranes prior to the seeding procedure. Furthermore, this study was performed to confirm that the source of the ECs lining the graft were those from the initial inoculum. METHODS: This evaluation consisted of harvesting autologous, canine jugular vein ECs, PKH 26 labeling of the ECs, electrostatic EC seeding the e-PTFE grafts (4mm GORE-TEX, Length=6cm), implanting the grafts (femoral artery model) for one week, and explanting the grafts for light, fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy evaluations of the luminal surface. RESULTS: The unseeded grafts (controls) had a mean fluorescence surface coverage of 6.82 +/- 7.19%, while the EC seeded grafts had a mean of 90.3 +/- 14.3% which is significantly (p <0.001) different from the controls. Overall, the seeding time including the EC harvesting and PKH 26 labeling protocol was approximately 75 min. CONCLUSIONS: The electrostatically seeded ECs persisted after implantation of the graft as demonstrated by the PKH 26 labeling data. The fluorescent data also demonstrated that the neointima formed (EC luminal surface coverage) one week after implantation was in fact derived from the ECs initially seeded as determined by the abundance of the labeled ECs.     

Direct comparison of umbilical cord blood versus bone marrow-derived endothelial precursor cells in mediating neovascularization in response to vascular ischemia.

Endothelial precursor cells (EPCs) cultured from adult bone marrow (BM) have been shown to mediate neovasculogenesis in murine models of vascular injury. We sought to directly compare umbilical cord blood (UCB)- and BM-derived EPC surface phenotypes and in vivo functional capacity. UCB and BM EPCs derived from mononuclear cells (MNC) were phenotyped by surface staining for expression of stromal (Stro-1, CXCR4, CD105, and CD73), endothelial (CD31, CD146, and vascular endothelial [VE]-cadherin), stem cell (CD34 and CD133), and monocyte (CD14) surface markers and analyzed by flow cytometry. The nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency murine model of hind-limb ischemia was used to analyze the potential of MNCs and culture-derived EPCs from UCB and BM to mediate neovasculogenesis. Histologic evaluation of the in vivo studies included capillary density as a measure of neovascularization. Surface CXCR4 expression was notably higher on UCB-derived EPCs (64.29%+/-7.41%) compared with BM (19.69%+/-5.49%; P=.021). Although the 2 sources of EPCs were comparable in expression of endothelial and monocyte markers, BM-derived EPCs contained higher proportions of cells expressing stromal cell markers (CD105 and CD73). Injection of UCB- or BM-derived EPCs resulted in significantly improved perfusion as measured by laser Doppler imaging at days 7 and 14 after femoral artery ligation in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice compared with controls (P<.05). Injection of uncultured MNCs from BM or UCB showed no significant difference from control mice (P=.119; P=.177). Tissue samples harvested from the lower calf muscle at day 28 demonstrated increased capillary densities in mice receiving BM- or UCB-derived EPCs. In conclusion, we found that UCB and BM-derived EPCs differ in CXCR4 expression and stromal surface markers but mediate equivalent neovasculogenesis in vivo as measured by Doppler flow and histologic analyses.     

草分支杆菌对人脐血树突状细胞体外扩增的影响

背景：树突状细胞因其强大的抗原提呈能力而在机体抗肿瘤作用的中心地位逐渐受到重视,但如何能有效获得足够数量有功能的树突状细胞成为目前研究的重点,尤其是有关低毒免疫调节剂的报道较少。 目的：观察草分支杆菌F.U.36(乌体林斯,Utilins)对人脐血来源树突状细胞体外扩增的影响。 方法：应用Ficoll-Hypaque法分离人脐血单个核细胞,分别用乌体林斯,细胞因子(重组人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子+重组人肿瘤坏死因子α+重组人白细胞介素4),细胞因子联合乌体林斯进行干预,并以RPMI-1640培养液诱导培养人脐血单个核细胞作为对照组,诱导培养树突状细胞,并于倒置显微镜下观察其生长情况及形态。培养第9天,采用流式细胞仪检测各组人树突状细胞特异性表型CD1a及MHC-Ⅱ分子HLA-DR的变化,并将细胞涂片行瑞氏-姬姆萨染液染色,油镜下观察摄片。 结果与结论：除对照组外,实验各组均得到高表达CD1a及HLA-DR的典型树突状细胞。乌体林斯组CD1a及HLA-DR阳性细胞比例亦明显高于对照组而低于细胞因子组 (P < 0.05),联合组HLA-DR阳性细胞比例高于细胞因子组(P < 0.05)。结果提示,草分支杆菌F.U.36(乌体林斯)不仅能促进脐血树突状细胞体外扩增,还能协同细胞因子促进树突状细胞成熟。     

Peripherally administered human umbilical cord blood cells reduce parenchymal and vascular beta-amyloid deposits in Alzheimer mice

Modulation of immune/inflammatory responses by diverse strategies including amyloid-beta (Abeta) immunization, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and manipulation of microglial activation states has been shown to reduce Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology and cognitive deficits in AD transgenic mouse models. Human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) have unique immunomodulatory potential. We wished to test whether these cells might alter AD-like pathology after infusion into the PSAPP mouse model of AD. Here, we report a marked reduction in Abeta levels/beta-amyloid plaques and associated astrocytosis following multiple low-dose infusions of HUCBCs. HUCBC infusions also reduced cerebral vascular Abeta deposits in the Tg2576 AD mouse model. Interestingly, these effects were associated with suppression of the CD40-CD40L interaction, as evidenced by decreased circulating and brain soluble CD40L (sCD40L), elevated systemic immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels, attenuated CD40L-induced inflammatory responses, and reduced surface expression of CD40 on microglia. Importantly, deficiency in CD40 abolishes the effect of HUCBCs on elevated plasma Abeta levels. Moreover, microglia isolated from HUCBC-infused PSAPP mice demonstrated increased phagocytosis of Abeta. Furthermore, sera from HUCBC-infused PSAPP mice significantly increased microglial phagocytosis of the Abeta1-42 peptide while inhibiting interferon-gammainduced microglial CD40 expression. Increased microglial phagocytic activity in this scenario was inhibited by addition of recombinant CD40L protein. These data suggest that HUCBC infusion mitigates AD-like pathology by disrupting CD40L activity.     

离心管贴壁细胞对人脐血单个核细胞体外培养成功率的影响

背景：在常规的脐血间充质干细胞密度梯度离心分离过程中,离心管壁有大量单个核贴壁细胞,这些早期的贴壁细胞是否与脐血间充质干细胞的体外培养成功率低存在一定的联系呢？ 目的：比较4种方法分离人脐血单个核细胞的体外培养成功率,观察离心管贴壁细胞对人脐血单个核细胞体外培养成功率的影响。 方法：取足月健康顺产新生儿脐血36份,随机分为4组,每组9份,于采集后6 h内分别采用甲基纤维素沉降法(A组)、密度梯度离心分离法(B组)、甲基纤维素联合密度梯度离心分离法(C组)、甲基纤维素联合改良密度梯度离心分离法(D组)分离出单个核细胞,锥虫蓝染色检测细胞活力,用细胞计数板进行细胞计数,调整细胞浓度为1×10⁹ L-1~2×10⁹ L^-1,接种于含体积分数为10%胎牛血清的低糖DMEM培养基中培养和传代,相差显微镜下观察脐血单个核细胞的形态。收集第3代脐血单个核细胞,采用细胞计数板进行计数,计算扩增倍数,采用流式细胞仪鉴定细胞免疫表型。 结果与结论：36份脐血中,成功分离33份脐血单个核细胞,B组有3份分离失败。33份中共22份原代培养中出现大量贴壁细胞,其中A组8份,B组2份,C组5份,D组7份。9份(27%)培养出能融合且可稳定传代的成纤维样细胞,其中A组3份,B组0份,C组1份,D组5份。4组脐血单个核细胞在原代培养5~7 d后均可见数量不等的贴壁细胞,呈梭形成纤维样细胞或(和)圆形巨核样细胞。A组与D组于原代培养三四周可见成纤维样细胞集落形成,细胞形态与骨髓间充质干细胞相似,呈较均一的长梭形,可稳定培养至60~90 d形态无明显变化。流式细胞仪免疫检测,第3代脐血单个核细胞不表达或弱表达CD34、CD45和CD106等造血干细胞和内皮细胞标志,但显著表达CD29、CD105等间充质干细胞表面标志。结果显示离心管贴壁细胞可显著提高脐血单个核细胞的体外培养成功率,而甲基纤维素联合改良的密度梯度离心分离法,可充分回收离心管贴壁细胞,利于脐血单个核细胞的体外扩增和稳定传代。     

人外周血与脐血内皮祖细胞生物学特性的比较

背景：内皮祖细胞可从外周血与脐血中获取,是修复各种疾病所致损伤的血管内皮细胞不可或缺的细胞来源。 目的：比较人外周血与脐血来源的内皮祖细胞经体外培养后生物学特性的差异。 方法：通过密度梯度离心法和6%羟乙基淀粉结合密度梯度离心法分别分离人外周血与脐血中的单个核细胞,分别设为脐血源组和外周血源组,计数各组单个核细胞数量,按1.0×106/cm2接种于大鼠尾胶包被的培养皿中,用内皮细胞培养基进行诱导,共培养7 d。 结果与结论：外周血与脐血体外培养分离出内皮祖细胞具有类似的形态学特征。光学显微镜下观察,随着培养天数的增加,大多数细胞由早期的贴壁圆形转变为梭形。外周血源组内皮祖细胞有细胞集落形成,脐血源组可见梭形细胞自行排列生长为典型的线样结构。锥虫蓝染色及绘制细胞生长曲线后发现,外周血源组单个核细胞及内皮祖细胞数量、内皮祖细胞活率及增殖能力均低于脐血源组(P < 0.05)。外周血源组和脐血源组内皮祖细胞在接种后第3天增殖速度达到峰值,在随后的培养中细胞增殖呈衰减态。流式细胞仪及免疫荧光染色检测结果显示,外周血源组和脐血源组内皮祖细胞均可表达具有内皮祖细胞表型的CD133、CD34和血管内皮细胞因子受体2表面标志物,两组既摄取Dil标记乙酰化低密度脂蛋白,也能标记体外内皮祖细胞的标志物荆豆凝集素Ⅰ。结果证实,脐血来源的内皮祖细胞与外周血来源的内皮祖细胞生物学特性相近,脐血来源的内皮祖细胞增殖能力更强。     

人脐带间充质干细胞的体外免疫调节特性

文题释义： 植物血凝素：是一种有丝分裂原,能激活小淋巴细胞转化为淋巴母细胞,继而分裂增殖,释放淋巴因子,并能提高巨噬细胞的吞噬功能。作为干扰素诱导剂可以刺激机体产生白细胞介素2和干扰素;还可以刺激机体产生非特异性抗体。由于其较难提纯,且成本极高,所以一直以来仅在实验室中作为刺激淋巴细胞增殖的试剂。 免疫调节：是人脐带间充质干细胞主要生物学特性之一,体现在抑制免疫细胞的增殖,调节淋巴细胞亚群的分化及相关细胞因子的产生,维持免疫平衡。 背景：人脐带间充质干细胞被应用于治疗多种疾病,包括与免疫相关疾病的临床应用研究。深入研究人脐带间充质干细胞免疫调节特性及其作用途径,是其临床应用的基础。 目的：探讨人脐带间充质干细胞的免疫调节特性及作用途径。 方法：人脐带间充质干细胞与荧光染料CFSE标记的人外周血单个核细胞直接共培养(二者比例为1∶5,   1∶10,1∶20),或在Transwell非接触体系中间接共培养(二者比例为1∶5),流式细胞术检测植物血凝素刺激的外周血单个核细胞增殖情况,Th1、Th17及Treg淋巴细胞亚群的比例;ELISA检测炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子α及干扰素γ水平。 结果与结论：①直接接触共培养时,人脐带间充质干细胞对植物血凝素刺激的外周血单个核细胞增殖呈显著的剂量依赖性抑制;采用非接触培养体系,外周血单个核细胞的增殖未受明显抑制;②人脐带间充质干细胞共培养显著抑制炎性淋巴细胞Th1、Th17亚群的比例,升高抑制性淋巴细胞Treg的比例;③人脐带间充质干细胞共培养显著性抑制外周血单个核细胞的肿瘤坏死因子α及干扰素γ分泌水平;④结果显示,人脐带间充质干细胞通过细胞间相互接触而对免疫细胞的增殖、分化及其炎症因子的产生发挥抑制性调节作用。 ORCID: 0000-0003-4450-086X(刘梦婷) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

Aggregation-promoted expansion of neuraly committed human umbilical cord blood progenitors in vitro

Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) has been established as a promising source of hematopoietic as well as various non- hematopoietic stem cell populations. This offers numerous advantages of HUCB stem/progenitor cells for therapies, however in vitro conditions that contribute to long term propagation of proliferating undifferentiated cells have not yet been established. Here we evaluate culture conditions promoting spheroid aggregates/neurospheres formation which, together with serum withdrawal and mitogenes treatments in strictly defined media, maintain population of HUCB progenitor cells in undifferentiated and dividing state exhibiting neurogenic potential in vitro. Our results indicate that formation and maintenance of three-dimensional aggregates enhanced by cell culture rotating motion, is crucial for high and prolonged expression of genes and proteins characteristic for cord blood stem cells and their further neural commitment.     

人胎盘血间质干细胞分离培养

目的：分离培养人胎盘血间质干细胞（hMSC），为hMSC探寻新来源。方法：采用羟乙基淀粉（HES）方法分离、富集胎盘血有核细胞；DMEM培养液体外培养、纯化、扩增hMSC；流式细胞仪检测细胞表面标记；地塞米松、IBMX、胰岛素和吲哚美辛定向诱导hMSC样细胞向脂肪细胞分化。结果：胎盘血来源有核细胞,在DMEM体外培养条件下，生长出具有塑料粘附特性的梭形细胞，阳性获得率29.17%（7/24），该细胞传代培养达6个月以上；流式细胞仪检测结果显示CD29、CD44、CD59、CD90、CD105、CD166表达阳性，CD14、CD34、CD45、CD80、CD86表达阴性；加入脂肪细胞诱导剂，细胞在形态上向脂肪细胞转化，胞内出现脂滴、脂泡，油红O阳性。结论：人胎盘血可以分离培养出hMSC，是hMSC的重要来源。     

人脐血间充质干细胞体外诱导分化为神经元样细胞

目的从人脐血中分离单个核细胞(MNCs)、体外培养扩增间充质干细胞(MSCs)并研究其生物学特性和定向诱导能力。方法无菌条件下采集脐血,肝素抗凝,分离单个核细胞。用DMEM/F12培养基进行纯化和扩增培养,分别向神经元样细胞诱导,获取MSCs,显微镜下观察它的形态、尼氏体染色;取扩增2、5、7代的MSCs,免疫细胞化学法检测nestin表达和神经元样细胞特异性标记。结果诱导扩增后的MSCs尼氏体染色阳性,第2、5、7代MSCs的nestin的阳性表达率分别为(51.2±3.2)%、(34.6±2.7)%、(11.3±3.3)%;神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在原代细胞无表达,而在2、5、7代MSC的阳性表达率分别为(11.4±2.3)%、(21.78±3.1)%、(40.7±3.4)%。结论人脐血MSCs具有神经干/祖细胞的特性,在一定条件下能向神经元样细胞分化。     

Human umbilical cord blood-derived stromal cells are superior to human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in inducing myeloid lineage differentiation in vitro

Stromal cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), 2 important cell populations within the hematopoietic microenvironment, may play an important role in the development of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. We have successfully cultured human umbilical cord blood-derived stromal cells (hUCBDSCs). It has been demonstrated that MSCs also exist in hUCB. However, we have not found any reports on the distinct characteristics of hUCBDSCs and human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCBDMSCs). In this study, hUCBDSCs and hUCBDMSCs were isolated from the cord blood of full-term infants using the same density gradient centrifugation and cultured in the appropriate medium. Some biological characteristics and hematopoietic supportive functions were compared in vitro. hUCBDSCs were distinct from hUCBDMSCs in morphology, proliferation, cell cycle, passage, immunophenotype, and the capacity for classical tri-lineage differentiation. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) gene expression was higher in hUCBDSCs than that in hUCBDMSCs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that the secretion of G-CSF, thrombopoietin (TPO), and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by hUCBDSCs was higher than that by hUCBDMSCs. After coculture, the granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) of hematopoietic cells from the hUCBDSC feeder layer was more than that from the hUCBDMSC feeder layer. Flow cytometry was used to detect CD34(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell committed differentiation during 14 days of coculture; the results demonstrated that CD14 and CD33 expression in hUCBDSCs was significantly higher than their expression in hUCBDMSCs. This observation was also true for the granulocyte lineage marker, CD15. This marker was expressed beginning at day 7 in hUCBDSCs. It was expressed earlier and at a higher level in hUCBDSCs compared with hUCBDMSCs. In conclusion, hUCBDSCs are different from hUCBDMSCs. hUCBDSCs are superior to hUCBDMSCs in supporting hematopoiesis stem/progenitor cells differentiation into myeloid lineage cells at an early stage in vitro.     

Formation of a multilayer cellular lining on a polyurethane vascular graft following endothelial cell sodding.

Small-diameter (less than 6 mm) clinically available vascular grafts often fail due in part to the inherent thrombogenicity of artificial polymers. Transplantation of endothelial cells onto the lumen of these vascular grafts has been suggested as one method to overcome this thrombogenicity. We have developed a compliant polyurethaneurea (PEUU) 4-mm graft with a luminal surface modified by a glow discharge gas plasma. Autologous microvessel endothelial cells were isolated from canine falciform ligament fat, were transplanted onto the luminal surface of the grafts using an intraoperative isolation and sodding technique, and both endothelial-cell-treated and non-cell-treated grafts were placed as bilateral carotid interposition grafts in a canine model. After 5 weeks of implantation, explanted control (non-cell-treated) grafts exhibited a deposition of platelets, white cells and fibrin characteristic of a thrombogenic surface. MVEC sodded grafts exhibited a multicellular lining within but distinct from the lumen of the PEUU graft. The blood-contacting surface of this lining exhibited an antithrombogenic endothelial cell monolayer. We suggest that the PEUU graft supported the initial deposition of MVEC and development of and endothelial cell lining. During the 5 weeks of implantation this lining continued to proliferate and detached from the PEUU graft substratum. The final neocellular lining exhibited a luminal diameter and histological features similar to a native artery.     

早期作用造血因子对人脐血CD34^＋细胞的体外扩增作用

为了观察早期作用造血细胞因子ＳＣＦ、ＦＬ、ＩＬ－３、ＩＬ－６、ＴＰＯ单独及联合应用,对脐血ＣＤ３４＋细胞的体外扩增作用。我们用吸附单克隆抗体一磁珠分离系统富集人脐血ＣＤ３４＋细胞,在体外液体培养体系中加入不同的细胞因子扩增４周,每周取样计数有核细胞总数及集落形成细胞（ＣＦＣ）数。结果表明：用磁性细胞分离议富集脐血ＣＤ３４＋细胞纯度为８０％～８７％;一些细胞因子有明显的协同效应,其联合应用的扩增作用显著高于单因于作用：ＳＣＦ＋ＦＬ存在下,ＩＬ－３是有效扩增有核细胞总数及ＣＦＣ的关键因子了;细胞因子ＳＣＦ＋ＦＬ＋ＩＬ－３和ＳＣＦ＋ＦＬ＋ＩＬ－３＋ＩＬ－６组合对有核细胞总数及ＣＦＣ均有良好的扩增效应,培养２周时对ＣＦＣ的扩增倍数分别为３８．３±４．４和２９．６±２．７倍,可满足成人移植及基因治疗等的需要。