Vascularization is more delayed in amniotic membrane graft than conjunctival autograft after pterygium excision

PURPOSE: To monitor the development of graft vascularization by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) after pterygium excision with limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation (LCAT) and amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT). DESIGN: Randomized prospective interventional case series. METHODS: Anterior segment ICGA findings at one, seven, and 30 days after surgery were evaluated in eyes with primary pterygium treated by excision and LCAT (14 eyes of 14 patients) or AMT (13 eyes of 13 patients), and the results for graft vascularization were compared. RESULTS: All conjunctival autografts showed early vascularization from underlying episcleral vascular bed as multiple hyperfluorescent foci at the graft margin on postoperative day 7; graft vascularization was complete on postoperative day 30. In contrast, all grafts in AMT group showed no graft vascularization at any stage after pterygium surgery. This delay of vascularization with AMT persisted until one month after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior segment ICGA is useful to monitor graft vascularization after pterygium surgery. Graft health after LCAT may be demonstrated by early graft vascularization and perfusion; however, there is a delay in graft vascularization after AMT that may be related to the antiangiogenic effects of the membrane. Further study is needed to demonstrate the relationship between this delay of graft perfusion and early postoperative pterygium recurrence.     

Limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation for recurrent pterygium

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation (LCAT) for the treatment of recurrent pterygium. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventeen eyes with advanced recurrent pterygium underwent LCAT All had already been treated at least twice either by simple excision (n=15) or by conjunctival rotation autograft (n=2). Three eyes (17.65%) had symblepharon at the time of surgery, so LCAT was combined with amniotic membrane transplantation. The autograft was taken from the supero-lateral part of the same eye and transferred to the area where the pterygium had been excised. RESULTS: During 6-18 months of follow-up no postoperative complications occurred. In 15 eyes (88.24%) no pterygium recurrence was recorded; recurrence occurred in two eyes (11.76%) after 8 and 5 months. In three eyes with a combined symblepharon formation, remission of both pterygium and symblepharon growth was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: LCAT seems to be a promising and safe procedure for recurrent pterygium.     

自体结膜角巩膜缘移植治疗原发性翼状胬肉(英文)

目的:评价自体结膜角巩膜缘移植术治疗原发性翼状胬肉的有效性。方法:原发性翼状胬肉患者15例(15眼),接受自体结膜角巩膜缘移植术。切除翼状胬肉后,植片的角膜缘部分与翼状胬肉切除处的角膜缘对位缝合,植片的上皮面向上。纤维血管组织在原翼状胬肉区遮盖角膜1mm以上定为复发。结果:随访平均8mo,所有的患者既无一例复发也无并发症发生。结论:单纯翼状胬肉切除联合自体结膜角巩膜缘移植是一种治疗原发性翼状胬肉安全有效的手术方法。     

Inferior limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation for recurrent pterygium

PURPOSE: To study the safety and efficacy of inferior limbal-conjunctival autograft (LCAT) transplantation in the surgical management of recurrent pterygium. METHODS: Prospective non-comparative case series. Inferior limbal-conjunctival autografting was performed on 11 patients (11 eyes) with recurrent pterygium. Pterygium recurrence was considered a surgical failure. RESULTS: Recurrence of pterygium was noted in two (18.2%) eyes, after a mean follow up of 16.2 +/- 0.9 months (range: 10-19 months). Neither recurrence required further surgical treatment. Nonprogressive pseudopterygium formation was noted at the donor site in five (45.5%) eyes. CONCLUSION: Inferior LCAT appears to be a safe and effective option in the management of recurrent pterygium. In patients with suspected or proven glaucoma, this may be the procedure of choice, if mitomycin C is contraindicated.     

自体角膜缘移植联合球结膜移植治疗翼状胬肉

目的探讨治疗巨大翼状胬肉及复发性翼状胬肉的有效方法。方法对27例(27眼)巨大翼状胬肉及复发性翼状胬肉行胬肉切除加自体球结膜移植或自体角膜缘移植联合球结膜移植术。Ⅰ组8例(自体球结膜移植组)翼状胬肉单纯切除后取同眼颞上方球结膜移植于巩膜暴露区,Ⅱ组19例(自体角膜缘移植联合球结膜移植组)翼状胬肉单纯切除后取同眼颞上方结膜角膜缘上皮组织移植于巩膜暴露区。所有病例均在手术显微镜下操作。结果术后平均随访9.4月,自体球结膜移植组复发1例,自体角膜缘移植联合球结膜移植组未见复发。结论自体角膜缘移植联合球结膜移植治疗翼状胬肉疗效良好。     

不同手术方法对初发性翼状胬肉患者眼表的影响

目的:评价不同手术方法对初发翼状胬肉患者眼表的影响。方法:将39眼随机分为3组(A,B,C)。A组(13眼)接受单纯翼状胬肉切除术,B组(13眼)接受翼状胬肉切除联合自体干细胞移植术,C组(13眼)接受翼状胬肉切除联合术中应用0.2g/L MMC。对所有眼术前、术后7d;1,3mo进行Schirmer s test和泪膜破裂时间(BUT)检查,然后进行统计学分析。结果:术前、术后3组患者Schirmer s test和BUT检查未见明显异常。结论:经过短期随访,3种不同手术方式对初发翼状胬肉患者的眼表无明显影响。     

Corneal topographic changes after four types of pterygium surgery

PURPOSE: To evaluate effects of different pterygium surgeries on corneal topography. METHODS: Pre- and postoperative computerized videokeratography was performed on 120 eyes of 115 patients undergoing pterygium removal. Four techniques were used: bare sclera, excision with mitomycin C, limbal-conjunctival autograft, and conjunctival autograft. Corneal spherical power, topographical astigmatism, pre- and postoperative topographic irregularity, and surgically induced astigmatism were compared among surgical approaches. RESULTS: Mean topographic astigmatism value decreased significantly 4 months postoperatively. The difference among the postoperative astigmatism values at 4 months was statistically significant (P < .001). Statistically significant differences were noted between the type of surgery and surgically induced astigmatism (P < .05), mean topographical astigmatism (P < .05), and spherical power (P < .05), but no significant difference was observed in topographic irregularity (P = .067). The amount of corneal steepening in each group was 0.06 +/- 0.5 for conjunctival autograft, 0.02 +/- 0.3 for limbal-conjunctival autograft, 2.34 +/- 1.1 for bare sclera, and 1.70 +/- 0.4 for mitomycin C. The mitomycin C group produced the most induced astigmatism and the limbal-conjunctival autograft group produced the least induced astigmatism. CONCLUSIONS: Although pterygium surgery significantly reduces refractive astigmatism and topographic irregularity, spherical power increases and the cornea becomes steeper. This steepening is apparent with the bare sclera or excision combined with mitomycin C approaches. Surgeons should consider the possibility of recurrence and the effects of different types of surgeries on topography.     

Does topical bevacizumab prevent postoperative recurrence after pterygium surgery with conjunctival autografting?

AIM:To assess the effect of topical bevacizumab use on postoperative pterygium recurrence in eyes who underwent pterygium excision with limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation (LCAT).METHODS:Eighty-eight eyes of 88 patients with primary pterygium were included. Pterygia were graded preoperatively from type 1 to type 3 (type 1 atrophic, type 3 inflamed) according to the inflammatory status. The eyes were preoperatively randomized to receive topical steroid and antibiotic treatment (group 1, 46 eyes) and additional topical bevacizumab (5 mg/mL; group 2, 42 eyes) in the postoperative period. All eyes underwent pterygium excision and LCAT. Medications were tapered and discontinued at one month. Postoperative complications and recurrence rates were recorded.RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration was 29.3±4.2mo (24-52mo) and 28.5±3.4 (24-48mo) in group 1 and 2, respectively (P＞0.05). There were no statistically significant differences regarding the age or gender between groups (P＞0.05). Also, the difference between groups with respect to pterygium type was not significant. During the follow-up period, recurrence developed in 2 eyes (4.3%) in group 1, whereas in one eye (2.4%) in group 2. No statistically significant difference between groups was found in recurrence rates (P＞0.05). No re-operation for recurrence was necessary during the follow-up period in both groups.     

翼状胬肉的现代微创显微手术治疗

目的 探讨不联合使用其他代用品的现代微创显微手术翼状胬肉切除+自体结膜瓣移植的手术疗效.方法 526例(612眼)分成2组,分别采用翼状胬肉切除+角膜缘结膜瓣移植或穹隆部结膜瓣移植,观察2组复发率,并探讨微创手术的技巧.结果 翼状胬肉切除+角膜缘结膜瓣移植组的复发率为1.0%,翼状胬肉切除+穹隆部结膜瓣移植组的复发率为1.27%,总复发率为1.14%.结论 采用现代微创显微手术技术,能非常满意地抑制翼状胬肉手术的复发.     

环孢霉素A在防止翼状胬肉复发中的作用

目的:评价环孢霉素A滴眼剂对防止翼状胬肉复发的作用。方法:将75眼随机分为3组(A,B,C)。A组接受单纯翼状胬肉切除术,B组接受翼状胬肉切除联合自体干细胞移植术,C组接受翼状胬肉切除联合术后应用0.5g/LCSA。对所有眼术前、术后进行检查,评价其复发率,然后进行统计学分析。结果:经过平均6mo随访后,A组有11眼(44%)复发,B组未见复发,C组3眼(12%)复发。经过平均6mo的随访,结果发现组间有显著统计学差异。结论:翼状胬肉单纯切除联合术后局部使用0.5g/L环孢霉素A滴眼剂可以有效防止翼状胬肉的复发。     

角膜缘自体结膜移植和羊膜移植治疗原发性翼状胬肉的疗效

目的：观察角膜缘自体结膜移植和羊膜移植治疗原发性翼状胬肉的临床效果。

方法：选取2013-01/2015-12深圳人民医院收治的翼状胬肉患者96例96眼,依据手术方式分为两组,其中LCAT组46例46眼,行翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘自体结膜移植术; AMT组50例50眼,行翼状胬肉切除联合羊膜移植术。比较两组患者手术用时,术后随访12mo,比较两组角膜上皮修复所需时间、术后并发症以及复发情况。

结果：LCAT组和AMT组手术用时分别为33.83±1.65、23.60±1.51min,LCAT组高于AMT组,差异有统计学意义(t=-31.683,P<0.001)。LCAT组和AMT组术后角膜上皮修复所需时间分别为4.04±0.95、4.67±1.18d,LCAT组低于AMT组,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.922,P=0.004); LCAT组复发1例1眼,复发率2%,AMT组复发3例3眼,复发率6%,两组复发率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.618)。LCAT组术后2wk术区发生结膜肉芽肿1例1眼,AMT组术后未见严重并发症。

结论：角膜缘自体结膜移植术和羊膜移植术治疗原发性翼状胬肉术后恢复快,并发症少,复发率低,是安全有效的手术方式。     

Limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation for the treatment of recurrent pterygium

OBJECTIVE: Different investigators have recently emphasized the importance of the limbus and its stem cells in the pathogenesis of the pterygium. In this article we examine the usefulness of limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation for the treatment of advanced recurrent pterygium. DESIGN: Prospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Seven patients with advanced recurrent pterygium. All had previously been treated a minimum of two times by simple excision (two of them with intraoperative mitomycin C). INTERVENTION: Limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation after pterygium excision was performed in all cases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pterygium recurrences and complications with a minimal follow-up period of 14 months. RESULTS: There were no recurrences of pterygial growth beyond the limbal edge. In addition, no significant complications were noted. Only one case of limited pseudopterygium in the donor site and one case of graft retraction were recorded. No further surgical interventions were needed in any case. CONCLUSIONS: Limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation is a promising technique for the treatment of advanced recurrent pterygium.     

Comparison of de-epithelialized amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival autograft after primary pterygium excision

PURPOSE: To study the efficacy of de-epithelialized amniotic membrane (AM) graft (AmbioDry, Okto Ophtho Inc., Costa Mesa, CA, USA) as an adjunctive therapy after primary pterygium excision in comparison to standard conjunctival autograft. METHODS: A retrospective review of 23 eyes of 22 patients receiving pterygium excision followed by AM transplantation was performed. The results were compared retrospectively with 40 eyes of 36 patients receiving conjunctival autograft after pterygium excision. All patients were Hispanic. Recurrence was defined as regrowth of fibrovascular tissue over the corneoscleral limbus onto clear cornea in the area of previous pterygium excision. RESULTS: The pterygium recurrence rates after AM graft and conjunctival autograft were 35 and 25%, respectively. There was no significant difference in recurrence rate between the two groups (P=0.56). The mean follow-up period was 5.9+/-2.4 months. No major complications were noted in either group. CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary evidence that de-epithelialized AM graft is as effective as conjunctival autograft in preventing pterygium recurrence in this Southern California Hispanic population.     

Combined mitomycin C application and free flap conjunctival autograft in pterygium surgery

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term postoperative outcome and complication rate of combined intraoperative low-dose mitomycin C application and free conjunctival autograft for the treatment of pterygium. METHODS: In a prospective, consecutive, noncomparative case series, a series of 46 consecutive patients (50 eyes) with primary pterygium (43 eyes) or recurrent pterygium (7 eyes) were studied. The patients' ages ranged from 23.0 to 80.0 years (mean, 53.4 years). All patients underwent pterygium excision combined with intraoperative low-dose mitomycin C application (0.02% for 2 minutes) and free conjunctival autograft. The mean follow-up period was 29.2 months (range 12 to 41 months). The main outcome measures were recurrence of pterygium and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Pterygium recurred to a small extent (0.5 mm) in one eye (2%) of a patient with recurrent pterygium. There were no intraoperative complications. Subconjunctival graft hematoma appeared soon after surgery and resolved spontaneously in five eyes (10%). One eye developed transient high intraocular pressure without optic nerve or visual field defect, and one eye developed mild symblepharon. There were no sight-threatening complications or serious side effects. CONCLUSIONS: By applying a single low dose of mitomycin C combined with free conjunctival autograft during pterygium excision, the recurrence rate of pterygium can be markedly reduced.     

翼状胬肉扩大切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术的效果观察

目的：观察翼状胬肉扩大切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植的手术效果。

方法：将59例60眼翼状胬肉患者,随机分为A,B两组,A组27例27眼行翼状胬肉单纯切除; B组32例33眼行翼状胬肉扩大切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植,比较两组复发率、角膜创面愈合时间、术后泪膜恢复情况。

结果：术后随访15～25(平均18±3.6)mo,A组复发8眼(30%),B组复发2眼(6%),B组术后角膜创面愈合时间较A组缩短,泪膜破裂时间长,两组差异具有统计学意义。

结论：翼状胬肉扩大切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植,角膜创面愈合快,术后复发率低,是一种安全、有效的方法。     

Management of primary pterygia using free conjunctival and limbal-conjunctival autografts without antimetabolites

PURPOSE: To report the incidence of recurrence after primary pterygium surgery using either a free conjunctival or limbal-conjunctival autograft without antimetabolites. METHODS: One hundred eleven eyes of 90 patients underwent pterygium resection; a free conjunctival autograft was used in 88 surgeries and a free limbal-conjunctival autograft in 24; the latter technique was reserved for dark-skinned patients, under age 30, and with a history of recurrent pterygium in the contralateral eye. RESULTS: Mean age was 42.5 years (range, 23-75), and 50% of the patients were male. Mean follow-up was 9 months (range, 3-12). There were 2 recurrences (1.8%), both observed in the third postoperative month. CONCLUSIONS: With a good surgical technique, the incidence of recurrence after primary pterygium surgery is very low, making the use of antimetabolites unnecessary.     

两种方法治疗原发性翼状胬肉的疗效观察

目的：比较自体结膜瓣移植术( conjunctival autograft transplant, CAT )和角膜缘干细胞移植术( limbal conjunctival autograft transplant, LCAT)治疗原发性翼状胬肉的临床效果。
　　方法：前瞻性、随机、对照病例研究。收集2014-01/2015-01在解放军第四七四医院诊断为原发性翼状胬肉患者共120例120眼,依次纳入本研究,奇数者行 CAT,偶数者行LCAT。
　　结果：术后随访1a,完成随访107例107眼,CAT 组患者54例54眼,术后复发4眼,复发率7.4%;LCAT 组患者53例53眼,术后复发2眼,复发率3.8%。两组间复发率无统计学意义(P=0.678)。
　　结论：CAT 组和 LCAT 组均能有效治疗原发性翼状胬肉,降低术后翼状胬肉复发率,但 LCAT 是治疗原发性翼状胬肉的最优术式。     

角膜缘干细胞移植术治疗双侧翼状胬肉的疗效

目的：观察自体角膜缘干细胞移植术(LCAT)治疗双侧翼状胬肉的临床效果。

方法：前瞻性病例研究。收集2014-01/2015-07在解放军第四七四医院诊断为双侧翼状胬肉患者46例54眼,其中双眼双侧胬肉8例16眼,一眼双侧胬肉一眼鼻侧胬肉11例11眼(仅纳入双侧胬肉眼作为研究对象),单眼双侧胬肉27例27眼,均采用鼻侧翼状胬肉切除联合同眼上方LCAT,而颞侧翼状胬肉切除联合对侧眼下方LCAT。术后1、7d,1mo,1a复查,复查时完成视力、裂隙灯等检查,观察术后并发症及翼状胬肉复发情况。

结果：完成1a随访患者共44例52眼,失访2例2眼。术后1a复发3例3眼(6%),鼻侧翼状胬肉复发2眼,颞侧翼状胬肉复发1眼。未见其它术后并发症。

结论：鼻侧翼状胬肉切除联合同眼上方LCAT,同时颞侧翼状胬肉切除联合对侧眼下方LCAT治疗双侧翼状胬肉安全有效,复发率低。     

Split-conjunctival grafts for double-head pterygium

PURPOSE: To describe the technique of split-conjunctival grafts (SCG) for double-head pterygia and to evaluate its postoperative outcome. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of seven eyes with primary double-head pterygium was done. All eyes received pterygium excision with split-conjunctival grafts harvested from the superior quadrant. All patients were followed up for recurrence of the lesion and incidence of complications. RESULTS: No recurrence was noted with a mean follow-up of 17.7 +/- 6 months. CONCLUSION: Split-conjunctival graft is a useful procedure for double-head pterygium.     

Comparison of fibrin glue with sutures for pterygium excision surgery with conjunctival autografts

Purpose:  To compare pterygium excision conjunctival autograft surgery using Tisseel fibrin glue versus Vicryl sutures.
Method:  Prospective randomized clinical trial. Fifty patients were randomized into either sutured graft or glued graft groups. Twenty-five received standard conjunctival autograft sutured with Vicryl and 25 received surgery with the autograft placed with Tisseel fibrin glue. Outcome measures include surgical time, patient discomfort, pathology, complications and recurrence rates at 3, 6 and 12 months. Patients were followed up at days 1, 7, 14, 30, 90, 180 and 365.
Results:  The mean surgical time for the glue group was significantly shorter at 12 min compared with the suture group at 26 min ( P  < 0.001). Postoperative pain was significantly less at day 1 ( P  < 0.001) and day 2 ( P  < 0.05) but was not significantly different following these visits. Complications in the glue group included one patient with an absent graft at week 1 that required revision of the graft. At 3 months there were no recurrences in the glue group and two recurrences in the suture group. The 6- and 12-month recurrence rate was unchanged and not significantly different between the glue and suture groups (both 0/24 and 2/23, respectively).
Conclusion:  Both glued and sutured conjunctival autografting procedures are safe and effective methods for pterygium surgery. The glued autograft recurrence rate at 12 months was similar to that of sutured grafts. Conjunctival autograft with fibrin glue in pterygium surgery decreased surgical time and resulted in less postoperative pain in the first 48 hours but had a higher complication rate.