抗结核药致肝衰竭的发生及预后影响因素分析

目的探讨抗结核药物致肝衰竭的发生及预后影响因素。方法选取231例抗结核药致药物性肝损伤的病例的临床资料进行回顾性分析,对影响肝衰竭的发生及预后影响因素进行Logistic回归分析,选取的因素有性别、年龄、抗结核方案、用药时间、乙肝病毒携带、糖尿病、高血压病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、脂肪肝。结果 Logistic回归分析显示,肝衰竭的发生影响因素有年龄(OR=2.217,95%CI:1.047~4.695)、抗结核方案(OR=4.628,95%CI:1.637~13.081)、乙肝病毒携带(OR=2.340,95%CI:1.072~5.108);而肝衰竭预后的影响因素为年龄(OR=14.400,95%CI:2.887~71.822)。结论年龄较大、抗结核治疗的药物种类越多及有乙肝病毒携带的患者,抗结核治疗更易发生肝衰竭,且年龄越大,肝衰竭的预后越差。     

宣城地区药物性肝损伤55例临床特征分析

目的 探讨药物性肝损伤患者的临床特点、致病药物及临床预后情况.方法 回顾性分析2018～2020年宣城地区药物性肝损伤住院患者的临床资料,对用药种类、临床特点、肝脏生化学指标、发生药物性肝损伤的时间、临床转归进行分析.结果 在引起药物性肝损伤的药物分类中,抗结核药占41.82％(23/55)、中草药及中成药占29.09...     

复方益肝灵预防抗结核药物致肝损伤的疗效观察

目的:探讨复方益肝灵预防抗结核药物致肝损伤的临床疗效.方法:采用前瞻性研究,对384例门诊肺结核患者随机分为复方益肝灵治疗组192例和对照组192例,前者予复方益肝灵(主要成分为水飞蓟素和五味子提取物五仁醇浸膏)和抗结核药物联合治疗,后者进行常规抗结核治疗并加服葡醛内酯片,6～8个月为1疗程,疗程结束后比较2组的临床症状、体征和肝功能变化情况.结果:加用复方益肝灵后,治疗组肺结核患者发生药物性肝损伤41例,病情轻微,而对照组发生药物性肝损伤138例,发生率分别为21.4％和71.9％,2组比较具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组抗结核治疗过程中治疗组有7例(3.6％)、对照组有21例(10.9％)中断抗结核治疗,2组比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:复方益肝灵可有效预防抗结核药物所致的肝损伤,不良反应少且轻微.     

乳腺癌化疗药物性肝损伤风险预测模型构建

目的 通过收集乳腺癌患者化疗期间的各项临床数据,发现乳腺癌患者化疗时导致肝功能异常的影响因素,并建立风险预测模型.方法 对入院的乳腺癌患者进行流行病学问卷调查、临床生化检测和血样标本的收集,并分析乳腺癌患者化疗期间的年龄、肿瘤分型、肿瘤TNM分期、化疗方案等数据,使用决策树构建乳腺癌化疗药物性肝损伤风险预测模型.采用EpiData 3.0建立数据库,R软件进行统计分析.结果 共收治675例乳腺癌患者,均为女性.按照研究对象的纳入与排除标准,发现人口学信息、临床生化指标以及血样标本均收集完整的乳腺癌患者640例.经化疗后,106例乳腺癌患者发生肝损伤,占比16.56％.60～ 80岁年龄组发生药物性肝损伤的患者比例(22.82％)高于其他年龄组,且肝损伤的发生率随着年龄的增加呈上升趋势(P＜0.05).已绝经的乳腺癌患者及有长期服药史的乳腺癌患者发生肝损伤的比例分别为21.17％和17.32％,高于未绝经和无长期服药史的肝损伤患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).肿瘤病理学分型、肿瘤TNM分期及化疗方案均与乳腺癌患者药物性肝损伤发生率相关,其中化疗方案中联合用药组的肝损伤发生率为20.67％,明显高于其他药物组别,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).乳腺癌化疗药物性肝损伤风险的决策树模型筛选出3个预测肝损伤风险的观测指标为年龄、肿瘤TNM分期和联合用药,这三个指标对乳腺癌化疗药物性肝损伤风险预测的正确率为92.19％,其中灵敏度和特异度分别为86.36％和93.40％.结论 年龄、是否绝经、长期服药史、肿瘤病理学分型、肿瘤TNM分期及化疗方案是乳腺癌患者化疗期间发生肝损伤的影响因素.结合以上影响因素建立了乳腺癌化疗药物性肝损伤风险预测模型,从而实现患者个体化治疗,保障乳腺癌患者化疗顺利进行.     

抗结核药致药物性肝损害100例临床分析

目的 探讨抗结核药致药物性肝损害的临床特点.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2009年1月本院住院的肺结核病患者在抗结核治疗中出现药物性肝损害的临床特点及相关因素.结果 抗结核药致药物性肝损害与性别,年龄,体重,饮酒史,肝脏疾患、抗结核药方案有关.结论 抗结核治疗不可避免出现肝损害,关键在于早期发现、早期治疗,大多数预后良好.     

药物性肝炎124例临床分析

目的 探讨药物性肝损害的病因与临床表现.方法 对124例药物性肝炎患者临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 引起药物性肝功能损害的前三类药物依次是中草药(59.68％)、抗结核药(16.94％)和抗肿瘤药(5.65％).结论 引起药物性肝损害的药物种类多,停用肝损伤药物,经保肝降酶、退黄等综合治疗,轻度药物性肝炎多数能短期内康复,对肝损害严重或发生肝衰竭者,应按肝衰竭积极处理.     

160例药物性肝损伤患者的临床用药情况分析

目的:分析160例药物性肝损伤患者的临床用药情况。方法:回顾性分析2016年5月至2018年10月收治的160例药物性肝损伤患者的临床资料,分析药物性肝损伤与年龄和用药史的关系,患者临床表现、治疗效果、保肝药应用情况及联合用药情况。结果:160例患者中,治愈7例(4.38%),好转150例(93.75%),无效3例(1.88%),总有效率为98.13%;出现药物性肝损伤的情况大多发生在45岁以上的中老年人群中;服用抗结核药和中药是导致药物性肝损伤的主要因素;乏力、纳差、尿黄、恶心、呕吐为药物性肝损伤患者的普遍临床症状;患者应用复方二氯醋酸二异丙胺注射液、异甘草酸镁注射液、复方甘草酸苷注射液、多烯磷脂酰胆碱注射液治疗较为广泛;患者联合用药情况分析,其中三联、四联用药情况较多。结论:药物性肝损伤主要由抗结核药和中药引起,患者主要症状为乏力、纳差、尿黄、恶心、呕吐,三联、四联用药情况普遍,保肝药治疗有效率高。     

抗结核药物致老年药物性肝损害74例临床分析

目的 探讨抗结核药物致老年人药物性肝损害的特点,为抗结核方案顺利实施提供依据.方法 回顾性分析134例结核病惠者抗结核药物致药物性肝损害发生率、时间、程度,并按年龄分为老年组74例和中青年组60例进行比较.结果 抗结核药药物性肝损害总发生率为22.60%,其中老年组30.20%,中青年组17.24%,二组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).二组肝功能损害均多发生于抗结核治疗后2～8用,老年组明显高于中青年组,且发生时间早,恢复慢.二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,0.01)?结论抗结核药药物性肝损害发生率高,治疗2～8周多见,老年人易发生肝损害,治疗早期应加强临床观察和肝功能检测,以利于早期发现,及时处理.     

临床药师对1例抗结核药物性肝损伤患者的药学干预及监护

目的 为临床药师参与抗结核药物性肝损伤后患者再次启动抗结核方案制订提供参考依据。方法 临床药师参与抗结核药物性肝损伤患者抗结核药物治疗过程,分析导致患者出现药物性肝损伤的抗结核药物,对患者再次抗结核治疗用药进行安全性评估,并制订肝功能恢复后下一步抗结核药物治疗方案。结果 临床药师在治疗过程中协助医生制订了肝功能恢复后再次抗结核治疗的方案,患者结核得到有效控制,且未再出现肝功能损害。结论 临床药师参与患者药学干预及监护,保障了患者用药安全有效。     

抗结核治疗乙肝病毒携带者并结核患者肝功能损害的临床观察

目的:观察乙肝病毒携带者并结核患者的临床抗结核治疗引发的肝损伤情况。方法:选取我院2013年10月至2016年10月间收治的乙肝病毒携带者并结核患者58例,设为观察组,另选未携带乙肝病毒并结核患者58例设置为对照组。所有患者治疗期间定期抽取患者血清,进行ELISA检测,测量其血清检测其血清丙氨酸转氨酶ALT(Alanine aminotransferase)和天门冬氨酸转氨酶(Aspartate aminotransferase)AST值。结果:根据测量结果判断患者的肝损伤发生率、发生时间以及肝损伤恢复时间;同时其肝损伤恢复时间较长,p0.05。结论:携带乙肝病毒的结核病患者的肝损伤发生率较高,在临床治疗中,应及时定期对患者的肝功能进行检查,尽早发现患者的肝损伤,将其损伤程度降为最低。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.