研究嵌合状态与移植耐受关系的小鼠联体模型的建立

目的：探讨供体源的异基因血细胞嵌合体与受体耐受状态的关系,在不同品系的成年小鼠成功地建立了联体模型。方法：Ａｌｂ／ｃ（Ｈ－２＾ｄ）小鼠经尾静脉注入Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６（Ｈ－２＾ｄ,Ｂ６）脾细胞,同时Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６（Ｂ６）小鼠经尾静脉注入Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠脾细胞,２ｄ后,分别给Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ及Ｂ６小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺（ＣＹ）,可以明显延长Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ与Ｂ６联体小鼠的存活期（ＭＳＴ＝３０．４ｄ）。对经以上处理的     

逆转录病毒载体介导的同种MHC基因在小鼠胸腺的 …

通过胸腺内注射质粒ＰＸＮ（Ｎ２－Ｂ１９－Ｈ－２Ｋ＾ｂ），表达外源性主要组织相容性抗原复合物（ｍａｊｏｒｈｉｓｔｏ－ｃｏｍｐａｔｉｂｉｌｉｔｙｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ，ＭＨＣ）抗原，为下一步诱导异基因小鼠器官移植耐受作准备。方法：通过ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠有腺内注射射质粒ＰＸＮ（Ｎ２－Ｂ１９－Ｈ－２Ｋ＾ｂ），将外源性的编码Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠ＭＨＣⅠ类抗原的Ｈ－２Ｋ＾ｂｃＤＮＡ转移到ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠胸腺，用聚合酶链反     

H—2^b和H—2^d单体型小鼠MHC I类分子结合的HFRSV蛋白抗 …

本文通过对Ｈ－２＾ｂ和和Ｈ－２＾ｄ单体型小鼠主要组织相容性抗原Ｉ类分子结合抗原肽的分析，建立了一个计算机预测模型，并对肾综合征出血热病毒核蛋白（ＮＰ）及囊膜糖蛋白Ｇ１和Ｇ２可与Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠（Ｈ－２＾ｄ）和Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６（Ｈ－２＾ｂ）小鼠ＭＨＣ Ｉ类分子相结合的抗原表位进行了分析，预测出可分别与Ｈ－２Ｋ＾ｂ，Ｈ－２Ｄ＾ｄ，Ｈ－２Ｄ＾ｄ和Ｈ－２Ｌ＾ｄ结合的核蛋白表位，依此各有７，１４，４，０和８个     

抗TCRαβ单抗促进异基因皮肤移植耐受的研究

目的 探索抗ＴＣＲαβ单抗诱导异基因成年小鼠皮肤移植耐受的作用。方法 经５７ＢＬ／６（Ｈ－２ｂ,Ｂ６）小鼠尾静脉注射ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠（Ｈ－２＾ｄ）脾细胞,２ｄ后腹腔注射环磷胺（ＣＰ）,随后两次尾静脉注射抗小鼠－ＴＣＲαβ的单克隆抗体,然后进行皮肤移植,观察皮肤存活期并对耐受小鼠的ＭＬＲ,ＤＴＨ等耐受状态进行了检查。结果 耐受Ｂ６小鼠获得了供体特异性皮肤移植耐受,供体皮肤移植存活时间延长,ＭＬＲ和Ｄ     

T细胞疫苗抗同种移植排斥反应的研究

应用Ｔ细胞疫苗于同种心脏移植的研究，用Ｃｏｎ Ａ和ＣＤ３单抗诱导受同种特异性抗原（Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６（Ｈ－２＾ｂ）小鼠脾细胞）免疫的ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ（Ｈ－２＾ｄ）小鼠，取后者脾细胞所制备的Ｔ细胞疫苗具有延长同种心脏移植物的存活期。受Ｔ细胞疫苗接种的ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ（Ｈ－２＾ｄ）鼠脾细胞对经Ｃｏｎ Ａ激活或未激活的Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠脾细胞皆表现出特异的强烈的增殖反应，而对同系脾细胞呈低的反应。Ｔ细胞疫苗表型分析     

含有丙型肝炎病毒核心基因表达质粒的构建及其基因免疫

目的：研究丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）核心（Ｃ）基因免疫诱生特异性免疫应答的可行性。方法：将ＨＣＶ Ｃ基因片段插入真核表达载体ｐｃＤＮＡ３质粒ＣＭＶ启动子的下游,构建真核表达载体ｐｃＤＮＡＨＣＶ－Ｃ,分别转染小鼠骨髓瘤细胞ＳＰ２／０和人肝癌细胞７７２１进行瞬时表达,用免疫荧光法和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ检测表达产物,将重组质粒注射,ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ（Ｈ－２＾ｄ）小鼠股四头肌,ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测血清中抗体产生水     

移植耐受诱导的异基因胎肝移植小鼠的免疫功能重建

本文用门静脉注射异型脾细胞加腹腔注射环磷酰胺方法，成功地诱导了成年Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠（Ｈ－２ｄ）对Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６（Ｈ－２ｂ）小鼠的免疫耐受。致死照射的耐受Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠用Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６（Ｂ６）小鼠的胎肝细胞移植后，无移植排斥产生。嵌合状态分析的结果表明，在胎肝移植后９０ｄ和２４０ｄ，重建的Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠的脾细胞分别有７４．４％和８３．７％来自于供体Ｂ６小鼠．证明Ｂ６小鼠胎肝造血干细胞已经在致死照射的Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠体内稳定植入。免疫功能检测的结果表明，在胎肝移植后９０ｄ，照射Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠的免疫功能已经重建。     

人工细胞抗高血压因子对人脐静脉VSMC胞浆及核内Ca^2＋水平的影响

采实验用Ｆｌｕｏ－３／ＡＭ染色在激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下观察了红细胞抗高血压因子（ａｎｔｉｈｙｐｅｒｔｅｎｓｉｖｅ ｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＡＨＦ）对人脐静脉ＶＳＭＣ胞浆（〗Ｃａ＾２＋〖）及核内（〖Ｃａ＾２＋〗ｎ）游离钙离了瓣影响。结果表明：ＡＨＦ（１０＾－４ｇ／ｍＬ）明显抑制Ｂａｙ ｋ８６４４（１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）ＫＣｌ（６０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）,ＡｎｇⅡ（１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）及ＩＰ３（１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）     

高压氧抗移植排斥反应及其机制的研究

目的：探讨高压氧降低细胞免疫功能、抗移植排斥反应的机理。方法：供鼠ＢＡＬＢＣ（Ｈ－２ｄ）,受鼠Ｃ５７ＢＬ６（Ｈ－２ｂ）,皮肤移植后,分对照组、实验组,实验组小鼠用９９－２％氧气,０－２５ＭＰａ,作用１－５ｈ,每日一次,看高压氧对小鼠移植皮片存活时间的影响,分别于术后３ｄ、７ｄ、１４ｄ、２１ｄ检测小鼠脾Ｔｈｙ－２阳性细胞、Ｌ３Ｔ４阳性细胞、Ｌｙｔ－２阳性细胞百分率的变化及ＩＬ－２产生量、对ＩＬ－２Ｒ反应性,同时做ＴｈＴｓ比值变化的比较。另外,于术后１４ｄ,应用免疫组化法检测移植皮片局部ＣＤ＋…     

细胞因子对乙肝病毒基因疫苗诱导产生抗体的影响

将构建的三套乙肝病毒基因疫苗（分别编码Ｓ蛋白、ｐｒｅＳ１＋ｐｒｅＳ２＋Ｓ蛋白及ｐｒｅＳ２＋Ｓ蛋白）注射于Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠胫前肌内。基因疫苗接种３天后，以同样部位注射ｒｈＩＬ－２、ｒｈＩＬ－４、ｒｈＩＬ－６、ｒｈＩＦＮ－γ。运用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测不同时间小鼠血清中乙肝表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）及抗－ＨＢｓ。结果显示：注射基因疫苗３天内，小鼠体内即可表达ＨＢｓＡｇ；两周后，血清中可测到抗－ＨＢｓ，两月后抗体水平达到高峰，并保持高水平至少两月以上；肌内注射的几种细胞因子均可提高血清中抗－ＨＢｓ水平，与对照组相比差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１），其中，ｒｈＩＬ－４、ｒｈＩＬ－６、ｒｈＩＦＮ－γ较ｒｈＩＬ－２作用强。提示，细胞因子可作为基因疫苗的佐剂。该研究为增强基因疫苗免疫效果提供了新途径。     

RAS蛋白在胶质瘤中的表达及其对胶质瘤细胞生长的影响

目的 探讨RAS蛋白在胶质瘤中的表达及其对人脑胶质瘤细胞生长的影响.方法 用免疫组化染色法检测RAS蛋白在正常脑组织及各级别胶质瘤组织中的表达水平,并采用四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色法和流式细胞技术检测降低RAS活性后U251细胞的增殖和凋亡情况;用Western印迹法检测ERK和AKT信号通路.结果 胶质瘤组织中RAS的表达随胶质瘤恶性程度增高而增强.抑制RAS 蛋白活性后,RAS信号通路的下游分子ERK和AKT蛋白磷酸化水平降低;U251胶质瘤细胞生长受抑制,细胞生长阻滞在G1期且凋亡增加.结论 RAS蛋白在胶质瘤中高表达,抑制其活性可下调ERK和AKT 信号通路,进而调控细胞的生长.     

Binding of mannan-binding protein to various bacterial pathogens of meningitis

Mannan-binding protein (MBP), a calcium-dependent plasma lectin, may play a role in the innate defence against microorganisms. After binding lo carbohydrate structures at the bacterial surface, MBP activates the classical pathway of the complement system. To investigate the binding capacity of MBP to various bacteria associated with meningitis, an assay was developed to study the binding of MBP to bacteria grown in a semisynthetic fluid culture medium. Salmonella montevideo (containing a mannose-rich lipopolysaccharide (EPS)), used as a positive control strain, showed binding of radiolabelled MBP at a level of 80% compared with binding of MBP to zymosan. Binding of labelled MBP to Salm. montevideo was time-dependent, temperature-dependent and saturable. The binding, was inhibited by unlabelled MBP., by mannose and by N-acetyl-o-glucosamine. Among bacterial pathogens often found to cause meningitis, a wide range of MBP binding capacities could be determined. The encapsulated Neisseria meningitidis (representatives from 11 serogroups other than group A were included: n = 22), N. mucosa (n = 1), Haemophilus influenzae type b (n = 10) and Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 5) had a low MBP binding capacity of 21.7% (95% confidence interval (Cl) 3.3–40.1%). Escherichia coli K1 (n =11). Strep, suis (n = 5), Strep, pneumoniae (n = 10) and N. meningitidis scrogroup A (n = 2) showed intermediate MBP binding capacity of 58.4% (95% Cl 40.0–76.8%). A third group consisting of non-encapsulated Listeria monocytogenes (n = 11), non-encapsulated H. influenzae (n = 2), non-encapsulated N. meningitidis (n = 2), N. cinera (n = 1) and N. subflava (n = 1) strains had a high MBP binding capacity of 87.5% (95% CI 62.5–12.5%). The majority of encapsulated pathogens causing bacterial meningitis seem to have a rather low MBP binding capacity.     

Isolation of human C-reactive protein and serum amyloid P component

Procedures are described for the isolation in high yield of consistent, highly purified preparations of human C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP). CRP was obtained from malignant ascitic and pleural fluids by calcium-dependent affinity chromatography on pneumococcal C-polysaccharide covalently coupled to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose. It was then gel filtered on Ultrogel AcA44 (acrylamideagarose beads) in the presence of calcium ions, combining molecular sieve chromatography with removal of contaminating SAP by its affinity for agarose. Residual trace contaminants were removed by immunoabsorption with anti-normal human serum and anti-SAP antibodies insolubilised on Sepharose and/or by absorption with Sepharose-Con A to remove glycoproteins and Blue-Sepharose to remove albumin. After a final gel filtration step on Sephacryl S-300 35–44% of the initial CRP was recovered in pure from according to biochemical and immunochemical criteria. SAP was isolated from normal serum by calcium-dependent affinity chromatography on unsubstituted Sepharose beads, followed by solid-phase immunoabsorption of contaminants and finally gel filtration on Sephacryl S-300. At least 50% of the SAP in the starting material was recovered in pure form according to biochemical and immuunochemical criteria. Ready availability of such preparations facilitates biochemical, biophysical and particularly biological studies of these plasma proteins.     

蝎毒耐热蛋白对外源性Aβ活化星形胶质细胞的作用

目的观察蝎毒耐热蛋白(SVHRP)对Aβ_(1-40)活化星形胶质细胞(AST)作用的影响。方法应用Aβ_(1-40)进行大鼠海马内定位注射后腹腔给予SVHRP进行干预,16d后应用免疫组化法进行海马内GFAP免疫反应强度检测。结果Aβ_(1-40)注射点周围GFAP免疫反应明显增强,而经SVHRP干预后GFAP免疫反应显著减弱,接近正常对照水平。结论腹腔注射SVHRP可抑制外源性Aβ_(1-40)引起的大鼠海马内AST活化。     

La蛋白质家族与肿瘤关系

La蛋白相关家族(La-related proteins,LARPs)包括LARP1、LARP1b、LARP3,(Genuine La)、LARP4a、LARP4b、LARP6和LARP7.LARPs结构包含中度保守的RNA识别模体(RNA recognition motif,RRM)和多个其他结构、运输元件,可定位于不同的亚细胞部位与RNA相互作用,在细胞转录和翻译等方面发挥重要的作用.人LARPs最初是在系统性红斑狼疮和Sjogren's综合征患者的血清内发现的自体抗原,目前随着研究深入普遍认为LARPs作为一种RNA分子伴侣参与RNA代谢能发挥多种生物学功能.此前国内有学者研究验证LARPs能稳定乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)的mRNA,帮助其在肝细胞中复制与翻译,在乙型肝炎进展中具有重要作用.近年发现,LARPs在多种恶性肿瘤如子宫颈癌、乳腺癌、肝癌和前列腺癌等的细胞增殖、分化、迁移、血管形成的调节等方面起重要作用.而恶性肿瘤的发生与演进是由环境与遗传因素相互作用而导致的许多基因突变,实际上基因突变产生的编码蛋白质执行细胞生命活动,因而LARPs在肿瘤中扮演的分子角色将可能在肿瘤的诊断与治疗中提供潜在的新靶点、新策略和新途径.     

Role of a conserved sequence in the maturation and function of the NDV HN glycoprotein

The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins of viruses in the Paramyxouirus genus have a short conserved sequence, G(A, S)EGR(I, L, V). The role of this sequence in the intracellular processing and function of the Newcastle disease virus HN protein was explored by site directed mutagenesis. Mutations in this region fall into two categories. One set of mutants (G398A, E400D, R402K, and a deletion removing amino acids 400–403) was defective in folding. These mutant proteins formed little or no mature, disulfide linked oligomer. They had few or no antigenic sites found on the mature protein and they were transported to the cell surface poorly or not at all. The second class of mutants (A399G, G401A, G401L) was minimally affected in folding and intracellular transport. When normalized to surface expression, this group of mutant proteins had wild type levels of attachment activity, neuraminidase activity, and fusion promotion activity. Thus mutations in this region directly affect intracellular processing but not the biological activities of the protein. This sequence may, therefore, be conserved in the HN proteins of Paramyxoviruses because it is critical to the folding of the molecule.     

Characterization of the NSP6 protein product of rotavirus gene 11

The 12 kDa non-structural protein 6 (NSP6) is the least studied of the rotavirus proteins. In an attempt to further characterize this protein mono-specific antisera was generated using purified protein expressed in E. coli. Pulse/chase radio-labeling of virus infected cells was used to show that it is expressed at a steady but low rate throughout the virus replication cycle. In contrast to the other rotavirus non-structural proteins, NSP6 was found to have a high rate of turnover, being completely degraded within 2 h of synthesis. NSP6 tagged with GFP was used to probe the intracellular distribution of the protein, perinuclear aggregates were observed in the cytoplasm of transfected cells. Following virus infection of these transfected cells the aggregates were seen to redistribute to the viroplasms. Consistent with its localization to the site of viral genome replication and packaging, NSP6 was found to be a sequence independent nucleic acid binding protein, with similar affinities for ssRNA and dsRNA.     

Eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil protein X in the nasal lavage of children during the first 4 weeks of life. SPACE Collaborative Study Team

Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil protein X (EPX) are well established as markers of eosinophil activation. We analyzed ECP and EPX concentrations in nasal lavage fluids (NALF) of 378 neonates during their first 4 weeks of life. Inclusion criteria were a positive history of parental allergy and a positive skin prick test or specific IgE (RAST class > or = 2) against at least one out of a panel of common aeroallergens in one or both parents. Twenty-four infants with no history of parental allergy were used as controls. A volume of 2 ml of 0.9% saline was instilled into each nostril and immediately recovered by a suction device. ECP and EPX were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. In 65 samples of three consecutive lavages, EPX was detected in nine samples (13.8%) in the control group, whereas it was detected in 197/360 samples (54.7%) in the study population. The corresponding figures for ECP were 17/65 (26.2%) in the control group and 173/365 (47.4%) in the study group. Both proteins showed a skewed distribution (median/5-95th percentiles for ECP: 0 microg/l [0-69.4] and EPX: 6.6 microg/l [0-73.2]). The differences between the control group and the study group were statistically significant, regardless of the allergic disease of the parents. In children of allergic parents, activation proteins of the eosinophil granulocyte are released on the nasal mucosal surface in about 50% of the studied population at the age of 4 weeks. This early onset of eosinophil activation in the nasal respiratory epithelium may reflect a genetic predisposition to allergy or early exposure to allergens.     

凋亡调节蛋白FasL，Fas和P53在乳腺癌的表达及其意义

目的 观察人乳腺癌组织、癌旁相对正常乳腺组织中凋亡调节蛋白FasL，Fas、P53的表达，探讨FasL，Fas及P53与乳腺癌发生发展的关系。方法 收集手术切除的人乳腺癌组织和癌周相对正常乳腺组织，用免疫组织化学方法对21例乳腺癌标本进行检测。结果 乳腺癌组织中Fas蛋白表达的阳性率明显低于癌周正常乳腺组织（P〈0．01），有淋巴结转移者明显低于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0．05）。乳腺癌组织中FasL、P53蛋白表达的阳性率均明显高于癌周正常乳腺组织（P〈0．01），有淋巴结转移者明显高于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0．05）。结论 乳腺癌组织中Fas／FasL表达异常使肿瘤逃脱机体自身免疫攻击，促使肿瘤的发生发展，对预测乳腺癌的预后有重要参考价值。突变型P53在乳腺癌中过表达，可能抑制肿瘤凋亡的发生，促进肿瘤生长。