保留脾脏腹腔镜胰尾肿瘤切除术5例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜保留脾、胰尾肿瘤切除术的可行性。方法2001年11月至2006年2月间，暨南大学第二临床医学院（深圳市人民医院）肝胆外科对5例胰尾肿瘤的病人实施保留脾脏腹腔镜胰尾肿瘤切除术。结果手术过程顺利，肿瘤完整切除，其中2例为手助腹腔镜、3例在全腹腔镜下完成，术中出血50—150mL，手术时间90～180min，术后第2天进食、下床活动，1例少量胰瘘，1例胰腺假性囊肿形成。5例病人均痊愈出院。结论腹腔镜对于胰尾的孤立肿瘤切除是微创、安全、可行的，值得进一步推广。     

保留脾脏的胰体尾肿瘤切除术的应用探讨

目的探讨保留脾脏的胰体尾肿瘤切除术在胰体尾部肿瘤治疗中的可行性及作用。方法收集大连市中心医院于1999年1月至2010年12月期间收治的胰体尾肿瘤患者49例,其中行保留脾脏的胰体尾肿瘤切除术18例,包括胰腺腺癌7例,胰尾囊腺瘤9例,胰岛素瘤2例,其中3例患者接受了腹腔镜辅助保留脾脏胰体尾肿瘤切除术。回顾性分析患者的临床症状、术前检查、术后并发症等指标,并进行术后随访观察。结果开腹和腹腔镜辅助保留脾脏胰体尾肿瘤切除术均顺利实施．所选术式患者耐受性好,术后并发症少,多数患者获得长期生存。结论术前影像学检查和肿瘤标志物检查是早期诊断胰体尾肿瘤的可靠办法,CTA、DSA等检查是术前判定的重要手段,保留脾脏的胰体尾肿瘤切除术应作为胰体尾肿瘤的首选术式。腹腔镜辅助保留脾脏胰体尾肿瘤切除术是安全可行的,具有创伤轻、恢复快、并发症少等优点。     

Pancreatic endocrine tumors

Incidence of the endocrine tumors of the pancreas is about 4 to 10/1.000.000 peoples. We present 10 cases of endocrine pancreatic tumors which were operated in the First Surgical Clinic Ia?i in the last 20 years (1984-2003); these cases represent about 2.21% from all the pancreatic tumors (454 cases). It was 4 insulinoma, 2 gastrinoma, 2 gastrinoma associated with other endocrine neoplasia (Wermer syndrome) and 2 non-functioning endocrine pancreatic tumors. Female/men ratio was 9/1 and median age was about 41.9 yo (27-67 yo). In the four cases of insulinoma (all females) the diagnosis was delayed by two to five years due to misinterpretation of neurological symptoms generated by hypoglycemia. The diagnosis of insulinoma was based on Whipple triad, high plasma insulin levels associated with low plasma glucose levels, as well as the symptomatic relief after intravenous glucose injection. The surgical option was based on biological data, ultrasonography, computed tomography and arteriography. In two cases the localization of the insulinoma was established only by intraoperative ultrasonography. All tumors were localized in the tail of pancreas. In three cases we decided for a distal pancreatic resection with splenectomy and in one case for spleen preserving left pancreatectomy. Postoperative course was uneventful and all the symptoms disappeared. The diagnosis was confirmed on pathological examination in all cases. We also present two cases of gastrinoma with multiple ulcers and multiple surgical interventions for haemorrhage and perforation with peritonitis. Both patients died and diagnosis of pancreatic endocrine tumors was post-mortem. The two patients with Wermer syndrome also had ulcers complicated with haemorrhage and peritonitis and parathyroid adenoma. One case also had ante-hypophyseal and pituitary adenoma and the other had thyroid colloid hypertrophy. We performed left pancreatectomy with spleen preservation in one case and enucleation associated with total gastrectomy in the second case. The two cases of non-functioning pancreatic endocrine tumors had a non-specific symptoms. Diagnostic was established by abdominal ultrasound exam. We performed spleno-pancreatectomy in one case and pancreatectomy with spleen preservation in the other patient. Postoperative course was un-eventful.     

腹腔镜胰体尾（保脾）切除术

目的 探讨在腹腔镜下,对远端胰腺肿瘤患,施行胰体及胰尾部分切除手术的同时,保留脾脏的可能性。方法 在腹腔镜下,仔细分离胰体及胰尾部位与脾脏相关的血管,在原位保留与脾脏相连的胃短血管,为保留脾脏及完成胰腺体部及尾的切除创造条件。结果 本组11例中,除l例因胰腺癌灶的局部侵蚀,病变较重,无法分离脾门区血管,另l例因肥胖而被迫中转开腹手术外,其余9例均在腹腔镜下完成了胰腺的部分切除及保留脾脏的手术,随访平均30个月,情况良好。结论 位于胰腺体部或尾部的良性肿瘤患,有选择地在腹腔镜条件下进行胰腺体尾部的部分切除手术并保留脾脏是可行的。     

A case of spleen-preserving laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy and concomitant cholecystectomy in male patient with solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas and gallstone

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm is a rare pathologic condition in the pancreas. The origin of this tumor and characteristic biologic behavior are still under investigation. With the advances of laparoscopic surgery, laparoscopic pancreatic surgery has been accepted as a feasible, safe procedure. Especially, laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is regarded as an appropriate treatment option for benign or borderline malignant pancreatic lesions. In addition, the frequency of spleen-preserving laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy has been increasing owing to embossing the value of the spleen in terms of its immunologic aspects. In this paper, we present a case of a 39-year-old male patient with solid pseudopapillary with (SPN) and a gallstone who successfully underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with preservation of the spleen, as well as a simultaneous cholecystectomy for the gallstone. To our knowledge, this case may be the first report of the spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy in an adult male patient with SPN.     

达芬奇机器人辅助保留脾脏的胰体、胰尾肿瘤切除术一例

目的探讨达芬奇机器人辅助下保留脾脏的胰体、胰尾肿瘤切除术的临床疗效及优势。 方法2020年5月,南通大学附属医院收治1例胰体、胰尾肿瘤患者,27岁,女性,MRI平扫+增强(上腹部)(1.5 T)检查提示：胰尾部占位,考虑神经内分泌肿瘤可能。在全身麻醉下使用达芬奇机器人(da Vinci Xi,P8)辅助保留脾脏的胰体、胰尾肿瘤切除术。术后评估患者的术中出血量、切口愈合、手术并发症、患者术后恢复及满意度情况。 结果患者术中出血量少,术后恢复好,无腹腔出血、感染,脾脏顺利保留。术后随访1年,患者未出现手术并发症,患者满意度高。 结论达芬奇机器人辅助保留脾脏的胰体、胰尾肿瘤切除术具有较传统腹腔镜手术更加高清的手术视野、安全且精准的手术操作,保留脾脏安全,可行度比传统腹腔镜手术更有优势。     

Outcome of laparoscopic pancreatic surgery: endocrine and nonendocrine tumors

Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery (LapPS) for management of benign pancreatic tumors has still not been defined. This paper evaluates the feasibility and outcome of LapPS in patients with endocrine pancreatic tumors (EPTs) and cystic neoplasms of the pancreas (CyNP). Eighteen patients with benign pancreatic tumors underwent LapPS between January 1998 and May 2001. The indications were 10 EPTs (6 sporadic insulinomas, 1 multiple insulinoma of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, 2 nonfunctioning tumors, 1 VIPoma) and 8 CyNPs (3 serous cystadenomas, 5 mucinous cystic neoplasms). The laparoscopic procedure was performed using four ports with patients in the half-lateral position. Laparoscopic ultrasonography (LapUS) was used in all cases. Laparoscopic enucleation (LapE) was planned in five patients and performed in four (one conversion for tumor not found during laparoscopy). Laparoscopic pancreatic resection (LapPR) with spleen salvage was planned in 13 patients and performed in 12 (one conversion for metastatic VIPoma), with splenic vessel preservation in 11 patients and short gastric vessel preservation in 1. The average operating time was 3.5 hours after enucleation, 4.0 hours after distal pancreatectomy, and 5.0 hours after subtotal pancreatectomy. Pancreatic fistula was observed in two patients after LapE and in three patients after LapPR. Splenectomy for splenic abscess was performed 1 week after surgery in a patient with short gastric vessel splenic preservation. The average hospital stay was 5 days. We concluded that LapPS is a safe method for removing EPTs and CyNPs, although the incidence of pancreatic fistulas remains high. In selected patients LapPS offers significant benefit to patients: reduced trauma to the abdominal wall, short hospital stay, and a quick postoperative recovery.     

Pylorus-preserving total pancreatectomy. Early and late results.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Preservation of the pylorus is an accepted alternative procedure to the classical Whipple operation for pancreatic head resection but data describing its value for total pancreatectomy are sparse. METHODS: A prospective analysis of 22 total pancreatectomies performed in a consecutive series of 436 pancreatic resections from 1.11.93 to 1.5.99. RESULTS: 11 patients underwent total pancreatectomy with preservation of the pylorus. Histopathological examination revealed pancreatic adenocarcinoma in 16 cases and duodenal adenocarcinoma in 1 patient, 5 patients had other types of pancreatic neoplasm. In-hospital mortality was 4.5% (n = 1), cumulative morbidity was 59% and reoperations were performed in 9.1% of cases (n = 2). Median follow-up was 37 months (range 5-66). 62% of patients (n = 13) developed tumor recurrence and 13 patients died during the follow-up period with 10 deaths being cancer related. There was no difference concerning postoperative and follow-up morbidity of survival between patients undergoing pylorus-preserving total pancreatectomy or pancreatectomy with gastrectomy. However, postoperative body weight was increased 3, 6, 9 and 12 months following preservation of the pylorus. CONCLUSION: Total pancreatectomy with preservation of the pylorus is a feasible type of resection for all types of pancreatic or ampullary tumors, which shows a similar morbidity and long-term survival but improved nutritional recovery compared with standard total pancreatectomy.     

机器人辅助保留脾脏远端胰腺切除术围手术期指标回顾性研究

目的 探讨机器人在保留脾脏的远端胰腺切除术中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析自2015年5月至2020年8月于中山大学附属第一医院胆胰外科行机器人辅助保留脾脏远端胰腺切除术病人的临床资料,分析围手术期相关临床病理资料及术后转归情况。结果 共有46例术前拟行机器人辅助保留脾脏远端胰腺切除术的病人入组研究,其中男性15例、女性31例,中位年龄42（32~56）岁。最终39例病人完成机器人辅助保留脾脏的远端胰腺切除术,保脾成功率为84.8%;另有6例病人行机器人辅助联合脾脏切除的远端胰腺切除术;中转开腹1例,中转率2.2%。中位手术时长为270（218~323）min。中位术中失血量为50（30~63）mL。所有病人均获得完整切除。术后6例并发临床相关胰瘘（均为B级胰瘘、无C级胰瘘）,腹腔感染4例,胃排空延迟1例,均经保守治疗后痊愈。无术后死亡病例。中位术后住院时间为8（7~11） d。术后病理学检查结果显示,24例为胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤,21例为胰腺囊性肿瘤（包括10例浆液性囊腺瘤、3例黏液性囊腺瘤、5例实性假乳头状瘤、3例导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤）、1例为慢性胰腺炎。结论 机器人辅助保留脾脏的远端胰腺切除术是一种安全可靠的微创手术方式。     

腹腔镜远端胰腺切除的临床应用

目的 总结腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术的临床应用与手术技巧.方法 回顾性分析腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术治疗胰体尾肿瘤10例的临床资料.结果 10例胰体尾肿瘤中8例成功完成腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术,其中1例为保脾远端胰腺切除术,中转开腹手术2例,1例因胰腺癌侵及周围脏器,1例因术中出血.腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术平均手术时间为141±35 min(95～195 min),平均出血263±151 ml(100～600 ml),术后平均住院7±1 d(5～9 d),全部患者均治愈.术后病理诊断实性假乳头状瘤4例、黏液性囊腺瘤3例、胰岛细胞瘤1例,胰腺导管腺癌2例.结论 腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术最佳适应证是胰腺体尾部良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤,具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的优点,是治疗胰体尾良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤的安全有效的微创疗法.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the clinical applications and surgical technique of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). Method The clinical data of 10 cases of pancreatic body and tail tumors undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Results Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) was successfully undertaken in 8 cases (including spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy in one case ). Intraoperatively two cases were converted to open surgery because of peripancreatic organs involvement by cancer in one case and massive bleeding in another case during laparoscopic procedures. The average operation time of LDP was 141 ± 35 min (95 -195 min),mean blood loss was 263 ± 151 ml( 100 -600 ml), average postoperative hospital stay was 7 ± 1 days (5 -9 days ). There was no major postoperative complications and no mortality. Final pathology was solid psedopapillary tumor in 4 cases, mucinous cystadenoma in 3 cases and islet cell tumor in 1 case, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in 2 cases, hence 80% of tumors were benign. Conclusions LDP is indicated for benign body and tail pancreatic tumors and early malignant tumor of pancreatic body and tail. Being less traumatic, and fewer complications, LDP is a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapy.     

Laparoscopy-assisted spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy with conservation of the splenic artery and vein

Herein, we report the successful performance of a laparoscopy-assisted spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy with conservation of the splenic artery and vein for a patient with pancreatic cystadenoma, as a minimally invasive procedure with the preservation of function. The laparoscopy-assisted distal pancreatectomy procedure involved detaching the spleen and the distal pancreas from the retroperitoneum by a hand-assisted procedure, removing them from the peritoneal cavity through a small incision, and detaching the distal pancreas by ligating and transecting the short gastric artery and vein and the branches of the splenic artery and vein, while the spleen and main splenic artery and vein were preserved under direct view. The pancreatic parenchyma was transected with a stapling device (TL-30), and continuous suturing was added to the resected margin. The patients postoperative course was uneventful; the patient started to eat and walk on postoperative day 2 and was discharged on day 8. It is considered that the combination of hand-assisted and laparoscopy-assisted distal pancreatectomy, with conservation of the splenic artery and vein, is a minimally invasive and clinically useful technique for treating tumors of cystic disease of the pancreas with low-grade malignant potential, or benign solitary neuroendocrine tumors.     

腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术26例

目的探讨腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术的安全性、可行性。方法2005年9月～2008年6月,对26例胰腺体尾部肿物行腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术。术前25例诊断为胰腺体尾部良性肿物,1例不除外恶性,肿物中位直径5cm（1.2～10cm）。结果所有手术均在全腹腔镜下完成。15例行保留脾脏的胰体尾切除（10例保留脾动静脉,5例未保留脾动静脉）,10例行胰体尾加脾切除,1例既往行胰体尾及脾切除者行胰体部切除。手术中位时间268.5min（129～400min）,中位出血量100ml（50～800ml）,术后中位住院时间9d（6～21d）。无胰漏或脾梗死发生,2例包裹性积液,均保守治疗治愈,1例引流管口感染。26例中位随访时间15.5月（1～35个月）,均无复发。结论胰腺体尾部良性肿物行腹腔镜胰腺远端切除术安全、可行。     

腹腔镜保脾胰体尾切除八例的手术经验

目的总结保留脾脏腹腔镜胰体尾切除术的临床经验与手术技巧。方法自2003年11月至2008年2月,我们对8例胰体尾部良性占位病变患者施行保留脾脏腹腔镜胰体尾切除术。结果本组8例均在腹腔镜下完成,其中1例合并胆囊切除,1例合并右肾上腺肿瘤切除,1例合并子宫肌瘤挖出、左卵巢畸胎瘤挖出,1例合并子宫肌瘤挖出。本组手术时间120—290min,出血量150—600ml。术后住院时间3～9d,无胰漏发生。术后病理诊断：潴留性囊肿2例,浆液性囊腺瘤1例,黏液性囊腺瘤2例,上皮性囊肿2例,先天性囊肿1例。随访9～60个月,症状消失,未见复发。结论对于胰体尾部良性病变,可行保留脾脏的胰体尾部切除,对拥有丰富高级腹腔镜手术经验的术者,开展保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术是安全可行的。     

保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术治疗经验

目的 总结腹腔镜保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术的经验。方法 2003年11月和2004年12月分别对2例胰体尾囊性占位患者施行保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术。结果 2例手术均顺利完成,手术时间分别为220min和190min,术中出血为450ml和350ml,术后住院时间为6d和5d,术后无胰漏等并发症发生。病理诊断2例均为胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤。分别随访18个月和5个月,术前症状均得到明显缓解,未见复发。结论 对胰体尾部良性病变行保留脾脏的腹腔镜胰体尾切除术是安全可行的,具有创伤轻、恢复快、并发症少等优点。     

Laparoscopic pancreatectomy: report of 22 cases

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate results of laparoscopic pancreatectomy for benign lesions of the pancreas. Peri-operative data, surgical outcomes and techniques are presented. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen women and four men underwent laparoscopic pancreatectomy and were collected retrospectively from 1999 to 2003. RESULTS: Laparoscopic pancreatectomy was attempted in 22 patients and completed successfully in 18: 10 enucleations, three distal pancreatectomies, four left pancreatectomies and one total pancreatectomy for endocrine and cystic tumors. Left and distal pancreatectomies were performed with preservation of the spleen. Four patients were converted (one enucleation, one whipple procedure and two left pancreatectomy). There was no mortality; the post-operative morbidity included two pancreatic leaks and one case of half splenic infarction. The median length of hospital stay was 12 days. CONCLUSION: Patients appear to benefit from laparoscopic pancreatectomy for pancreatic benign tumors.     

Laparoscopic surgery for benign lesions of the pancreas

Background: Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery, although known to be feasible and safe, is still not considered a standard procedure. We report our experience with laparoscopic pancreatic surgery in a retrospective case series. Materials and Methods: Fifteen consecutive patients (3 male, 12 female) underwent primarily laparoscopic pancreatic surgery from February 2000 to June 2005. Histologically confirmed diagnoses were: neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors (n = 11), adult nesidioblastosis (n = 1), serous cystadenoma (n = 1), and pseudocysts due to chronic pancreatitis (n = 2). Results: Enucleation (n = 3) or left pancreatic resection with spleen preservation (n = 6) was performed laparoscopically in 9 patients. The mean (+/-standard deviation) operative time was 173 +/- 48 minutes (range, 120-250 minutes) and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.5 +/- 1.2 days (range, 5-8 days) for the laparoscopic cases. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 6 patients because of: closeness of the lesion to the portal/mesenteric vein (n = 3), inadequate intraoperative tumor localization (n = 2), or stapler device dysfunction (n = 1). In these patients, open enucleation (n = 1), middle segment pancreatectomy (n = 2), left pancreatic resection (n = 2), and pylorus-preserving Whipple resection (n = 1) were performed. The mean operative time was 268 +/- 74 minutes (range, 150-360 minutes) with a mean postoperative hospital stay of 8 +/- 2 days (range, 6-10 days). Both operative time and hospital stay were significantly longer in patients with secondary open surgery compared to patients with successful laparoscopic operations. Conclusion: Laparoscopic enucleation or distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation for benign lesions located in the body or tail of the pancreas can be performed safely, with all the potential benefits of minimally invasive surgery. Preoperative tumor localization is of utmost importance to limit pancreatic mobilization and to avoid blind pancreatic resection and conversion to open surgery.     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with minilaparotomy for distal pancreatic cystadenoma

Two patients with cystic tumors of the pancreas treated by laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy are presented. The first patient was a 34-year-old woman with a 6-cm cystadenoma of the tail of the pancreas treated with a complete laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. After mobilization of the distal pancreas and spleen, the pancreas was transected proximally together with the splenic artery and vein using an endoscopic linear stapler. The second patient was a 71-year-old woman with a 6-cm cystadenoma of the body of the pancreas, treated by hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with minilaparotomy because the tumor was adjacent to the portal vein and celiac axis. Using an upper median minilaparotomy, dissection of the gastrocolic ligament, division of the splenic artery, and transection and closure of the pancreas were performed. Division of the splenic vein and mobilization of the distal pancreas and spleen were performed via a hand-assisted laparoscopic approach. There were no postoperative complications (such as pancreatic fistulas) in either patient, and the postoperative courses were uneventful. The patients returned to normal activity within 1 week after the operation. Complete laparoscopic and hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy are preferable to conventional open surgery for benign tumors of the pancreas because of their less-invasive nature. Additionally, in tumors of the body of the pancreas, hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy might have the advantages of laparotomy and laparoscopy in terms of handling the splenic artery and vein just below the minilaparotomy site, suggesting an easier and safer procedure than complete laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Therefore, hand-assisted laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy can be recommended as a useful alternative to complete laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for selected patients with benign tumors of the body and tail of the pancreas.     

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??Vascular disposal in laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy??An analysis of 22 patients HUANG He-guang, CHEN Yan-chang, LU Feng-chun, et al. Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
Corresponding author: HUANG He-guang, E-mail: hhuang2@aliyun.com
Abstract Objective To investigate experience with the techniques of vascular disposal in laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy. Methods The clinical data of 22 patients with benign or borderline pancreas pancreatic tumors performed a spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy from February 2010 to December 2013 in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among 22 patients, splenic artery and vein were conserved in 16 patients, while neither in 2 patients. Splenic artery was ligated with conservation of splenic vein in 2 patients. And splenic vein was ligated with conservation of splenic artery in 2 patients. All distal pancreatectomies with spleen preservation were completed laparoscopically. And all patients remained a good blood supply to spleen at a follow-up of 3 months to 4 years. Conclusion Depending on the relationship between tumors and vessels, the spleen can be safely preserved laparoscopically using different vascular disposal methods in benign or borderline pancreatic tumors.     

Novel approach to laparoscopic resection of tumours of the distal pancreas

Background: Laparoscopic resection for small lesions of the pancreas has recently gained popularity. We report our initial experience with a new approach to laparoscopic spleen‐preserving distal pancreatectomy so that the maximum amount of normal pancreas can be preserved while ensuring adequate resection margins and preservation of the spleen and splenic vessels. Methods: Three patients underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with spleen and splenic vessel preservation over a 2‐month period. Surgical techniques and patient outcomes were examined. Results: All three patients were females, with ages ranging from 31 to 47 years. Two patients underwent resection using the conventional medial‐to‐lateral dissection as the lesion was close to the body or proximal tail of the pancreas. The third patient had a lesion in the distal tail of the pancreas and surgery was carried out in a lateral‐to‐medial manner. This new approach minimized excessive sacrifice of normal pancreatic tissue for such distally located lesions. The splenic artery and vein were preserved in all cases and there was no significant difference in clinical outcome, operative time or intraoperative blood loss. Conclusion: Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with preservation of the spleen and splenic vessels is a feasible surgical technique with acceptable outcome. We have shown that a tailored approach to dissection and pancreatic transection based on the location of the lesion allows the maximum amount of normal pancreatic tissue to be preserved without additional morbidity. Although the conventional ‘medial‐to‐lateral’ approach is recommended for more proximal tumours of the pancreas, distal lesions can be safely addressed using the ‘lateral‐to‐medial’ approach.     

胰体尾占位病变的手术切除

目的探讨胰体尾占位病变切除的手术路径。方法采用最先探查横断胰颈的方法,对5例胰体尾占位患者实施胰体尾切除。其中2例胰体尾癌及1例实性假乳头瘤患者实施胰体尾联合脾脏切除,1例无功能胰岛细胞瘤患者接受保留脾脏及脾动静脉的胰体尾切除,1例潴留性囊肿患者实施保留脾脏、联合睥动静脉切除的胰体尾切除。结果手术用时2.0～5.5h,术中出血200～1000ml。术后均恢复顺利,未发生任何并发症。结论从探查横断胰颈开始的胰体尾切除术,综合满足了疗效、安全与保脾的需要,具有优势。