社区晚期癌症患者癌痛控管小组模式的研究

目的:总结社区癌痛控管小组服务经验,为规范控制与管理社区晚期癌症患者的疼痛提供依据.方法:选取2006年1月1日至2015年12月31日在本社区卫生服务中心舒缓疗护病区住院的369例晚期癌症患者,其中男性191例,女性178例,平均年龄(72.1±12.5)岁.观察患者在接受癌痛控管小组服务模式服务后2周末和4周末的疼痛缓解情况和生活质量.结果:在癌痛控管小组服务2周和4周后,患者的疼痛缓解率分别为55.0%(203人/369)和74.3%(274人/369)(P<0.01);生活质量评价都有明显改善.结论:社区癌痛控管小组模式用于晚期癌症患者的癌痛控制及生活质量的改善是有效的,说明癌症患者癌痛的控制及生活质量的改善是需要多方力量共同参与的.     

Sonoran propolis: chemical composition and antiproliferative activity on cancer cell lines

In this study, we have analyzed the chemical composition and antiproliferative activity of propolis from three different arid and semiarid regions of Sonora, Mexico. We identified and quantitated the main chemical constituents of propolis by HPLC-MS. The most abundant constituents of propolis were pinocembrin, pinobanksin 3-acetate, and chrysin. Sonoran propolis had a strong antiproliferative activity on both murine and human cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. The propolis constituents CAPE, galangin, xanthomicrol and chrysin showed significant antiproliferative activity on most of the cancer cells tested. DNA harvested from cancer cell cultures treated with Sonoran propolis exhibited a ladder of internucleosomal DNA cleavage characteristic of apoptosis. In summary, we have identified and quantitated the main constituents of Sonoran propolis. These propolis samples possess a strong antiproliferative activity on cancer cell lines.     

Childhood cancer and drugs in pregnancy.

A study was carried out on 11 169 matched case-control pairs of children aged up to 15 years included in the Oxford Survey of Childhood Cancers to see whether an association exists between cancer in children and drugs given to their mothers during pregnancy. The mothers of children who developed cancer reported about 25% more illnesses during pregnancy than mothers of healthy control children. Two specific illnesses, pulmonary tuberculosis and epilepsy, were investigated. For these there was a higher than average case-control excess of reports and there had been a suggestion that the drugs used in treatment, isoniazid and phenytoin, might be carcinogenic. The results of this investigation provide no real evidence for any association between the drugs taken by the mothers during pregnancy and subsequent cancer in the child.     

The effects of electromagnetic fields from power lines on avian reproductive biology and physiology: a review

Electrical power lines are ubiquitous in the developed world and in urban areas of the developing world. All electrical currents, including those running through power lines, generate electric and magnetic fields (EMFs). Electrical power lines, towers,and distribution poles are used by birds for perching, hunting, and nesting. Therefore, many bird species, like humans, are exposed to EMFs throughout their lives. EMFs have been implicated in adversely affecting multiple facets of human health,including increasing the risks of life-threatening illnesses such as leukemia, brain cancer, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, clinical depression, suicide, and Alzheimer's disease. A great deal of research and controversy exists as to whether or not exposure to EMFs affects the cellular, endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems of vertebrates. Laboratory work has used mice, rats, and chickens as models for this EMF research in an effort to understand better the possible implications of EMF exposure for humans. However, EMF exposure of wild birds may also provide insight into the impacts of EMFs on human health. This review focuses on research examining the effects of EMFs on birds; most studies indicate that EMF exposure of birds generally changes, but not always consistently in effect or in direction, their behavior, reproductive success, growth and development, physiology and endocrinology, and oxidative stress under EMF conditions. Some of this work has involved birds under aviary conditions, while other research has focused on free-ranging birds exposed to EMFs. Finally, a number of future research directions are discussed that may help to provide a better understanding of EMF effects on vertebrate health and conservation.     

N-deacetyl-N-aminoacylthiocolchicine derivatives: synthesis and biological evaluation on MDR-positive and MDR-negative human cancer cell lines

A new series of N-deacetyl-N-(N-trifluoroacetylaminoacyl)thiocolchicine derivatives 9-15 have been synthesized starting from the corresponding N-deacetylthiocolchicine (3) and the N-trifluoroacetylamino acids 5-8 which were used as a racemic mixture. The trifluoroacetyl protecting group has been removed easily, giving the corresponding N-deacetyl-N-aminoacylthiocolchicines 16-22. Optical pure compounds 9-22 were isolated from the diastereoisomeric mixture or were prepared starting from compound 3 and an optical pure amino acid derivative; the configuration of each compound was assigned unequivocally. The diastereoisomeric couples of amino acids synthesized were tested, and their antiproliferative activity on MDR-positive and MDR-negative human cancer cell lines was evaluated.     

Where the wild things are: the power and challenge of adolescent group work

Because groups are an intrinsic part of the adolescent's life, group therapy can be a powerful and effective treatment modality for them. However, it poses many challenges to group leaders and members alike. This paper, drawing on Maurice Sendak's well-known and beloved picture book Where the Wild Things Are, describes some of the issues involved in setting up groups for adolescents as well as how various developmental tasks of this age group appear in the group process. Clinical examples are utilized to illustrate the challenges and therapeutic efficacy of such groups.     

无刺根中蛇葡萄素体外抗肿瘤作用研究

目的:研究蛇葡萄素在体外对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用.方法:采用MTT法,检测蛇葡萄素对白血病细胞HL-60、K562以及肝癌Bel-7402细胞生长的抑制作用.结果:蛇葡萄素在浓度为100、50、25、12.5、6.25μg/ml下,对Bel-7402细胞增殖抑制率分别为82.3±19%、79.5±1.7%、73.4±5.5%、47.0±2.5%和6.0±3.2%,对HL-60、K562细胞增殖抑制率分别为94.1±5.1%、88.2±3.2%、67.6±3.1%、60.1±4.7%、23.5±6.2%和88.9±3.1%、83.3±2.4%、55.6±7.1%、31.5±4.6%、25.9±6.0%,抑制的IC50值分别为18.65(15.92、21.84)μg/ml、12.41(10.40、14.78)和18.39(15.59、21.70)μg/ml.结论:本研究结果显示蛇葡萄素对肿瘤细胞Bel-7402、HL-60和K562增殖有明显的抑制作用,可能具有较高的开发价值.     

无刺根中蛇葡萄素体外抗肿瘤作用研究

目的:研究蛇葡萄素在体外对肿瘤细胞的生长抑制作用.方法:采用MTT法,检测蛇葡萄素对白血病细胞HL-60、K562以及肝癌Bel-7402细胞生长的抑制作用.结果:蛇葡萄素在浓度为100、50、25、12.5、6.25μg/ml下,对Bel-7402细胞增殖抑制率分别为82.3±19%、79.5±1.7%、73.4±5.5%、47.0±2.5%和6.0±3.2%,对HL-60、K562细胞增殖抑制率分别为94.1±5.1%、88.2±3.2%、67.6±3.1%、60.1±4.7%、23.5±6.2%和88.9±3.1%、83.3±2.4%、55.6±7.1%、31.5±4.6%、25.9±6.0%,抑制的IC50值分别为18.65(15.92、21.84)μg/ml、12.41(10.40、14.78)和18.39(15.59、21.70)μg/ml.结论:本研究结果显示蛇葡萄素对肿瘤细胞Bel-7402、HL-60和K562增殖有明显的抑制作用,可能具有较高的开发价值.     

膀胱癌及膀胱癌细胞株中斑点型锌指结构蛋白表达研究

目的观察斑点型锌指结构蛋白(SPOP)在膀胱癌组织及细胞株中表达情况。方法采用实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)和蛋白质印迹法分别检测膀胱癌组织与正常膀胱黏膜组织,不同膀胱癌细胞株与正常膀胱黏膜上皮细胞株SPOP mRNA表达量和SPOP蛋白表达量,比较分析两者表达情况。结果膀胱癌细胞株5637,T24,J82及正常膀胱细胞株SV-HUC-1中SPOP mRNA表达量分别为1.02±0.78,1.12±0.49,1.07±0.28,0.96±0.28;SPOP蛋白表达水平分别为0.44±0.16、0.38±0.27、0.14±0.33,0.72±0.24,膀胱癌细胞株与正常膀胱细胞株在SPOP mRNA水平表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而SPOP蛋白表达水平在膀胱癌细胞株与正常膀胱细胞株间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SPOP mRNA表达水平在膀胱癌组织与正常膀胱黏膜组织间表达量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而SPOP蛋白表达水平在膀胱癌组织与正常膀胱黏膜组织间表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 SPOP在膀胱癌组织中表达降低,在膀胱癌发生发展中可能起到抑制作用。SPOP可能通过转录后机制调控膀胱癌进程。