上颌窦乳头状瘤CT诊断

目的：探讨上颌窦乳状瘤的ＣＴ诊断和鉴别诊断。材料与方法：回顾分析１０例经病理证实的上颌窦乳突状瘤。男性６例，女性４例，年龄在３０岁以上。主要症状为单侧性鼻塞和鼻衄。结果：此病好发于一侧上颌窦，按病理发生部位分为２型：内翻型和外翻型。ＣＴ扫描表现为＂峰窝征＂，上颌窦内侧骨壁破坏。结论：ＣＴ能显示肿瘤的部位和大小，对指导临床治疗、确立手术方式有重要意义。     

出血坏死性上颌窦炎的CT诊断（附20例分析）

本文复习２０例出血坏死性上颌窦炎的ＣＴ表现，笔者认为特征性ＣＴ表现为：上颌窦与鼻腔内软组织肿块；窦腔的不均等性膨胀扩大；窦壁骨质吸收或破坏，此外，对出血坏死性上颌窦炎同上颌窦癌的ＣＴ鉴别作了讨论     

真菌性上颌窦炎的CT诊断和鉴别诊断

目的:探讨上颌窦真菌病的CT特征、诊断和鉴别诊断。方法:回顾性分析18例经病理证实的真菌性上颌窦炎的临床和CT检查资料。结果:CT表现为①上颌窦内不均匀性软组织密度影;②常伴有沙粒状、小条片状、团块状的钙化;③单侧上颌窦发病,少累及其它鼻窦;④局限性骨质增生和破坏;⑤增强扫描软组织影呈轻度不均匀的强化。结论:真菌病具有较特征性的CT表现,CT检查可明确病变的部位及范围,对真菌性上颌窦炎有较高的诊断及鉴别诊断价值。     

CT诊断上颌窦疾病的研究

笔者回顾分析了ＣＴ诊断的５３例上颌窦疾病，经手术病理证实。ＣＴ扫描提示上颌窦炎性病变２３例，息肉样病变７例，囊性病变９例，良性肿瘤４例，恶性肿瘤９例，骨纤维异常增殖症１例。与病理诊断对比基本符合，仅１例（２％）为假阳性。在诊断上颌窦疾病方面，ＣＴ可以解决一些传统难题，如提高对窦壁周围组织估计的正确性，可证实肿瘤对翼部、咽部及鼻腔的侵犯，有助于手术方案的制定。由于ＣＴ密度分辨率高，超越了平片及多轨迹体层，得以确定软组织、骨壁及含气腔的隐匿性变化，加上增强扫描可推测病变为血管性或非血管性。对于鉴别囊肿、脓肿、良恶性肿瘤等均起到重要作用。     

硬腭粘液表皮样癌1例报告

腭癌较少见 ,现报道 1例。患者　男 ,43岁。因发现左上腭部渐大性肿物 3个月 ,发作性疼痛而入院。体查 :左硬腭部见局限性隆起 ,触之较硬 ,范围约 2 .0ｃｍ× 2 .0ｃｍ。Ｘ线检查 :副鼻窦华氏位 ,见双上颌窦透亮度降低 ,上下颌骨及各前组副鼻窦未见明显骨质破坏 ,考虑为双上颌窦炎。ＣＴ检查 :平扫示硬腭左侧有一范围约 1.0ｃｍ× 1.5ｃｍ的软组织密度肿物 ,ＣＴ值为 5 1ＨＵ ,向中下方突出 ,边缘较光整 ;增强扫描病灶呈中度强化 ,ＣＴ值为 80ＨＵ ;相邻腭骨骨质未见破坏或增生硬化。双上颌窦粘膜增厚 ,密度增高。ＣＴ诊断 :①左硬腭肿物 ,…     

坏死性上颌窦炎的X线诊断：附11例分析

X线检查对上颌窦疾患的诊断有着重要的价值。关于上颌窦炎的X线表现多为窦腔致密、有液平及粘膜增厚,而骨壁的改变不多见,慢性期可表现有骨壁的增生硬     

活门式带蒂骨膜骨瓣修复上颌窦手术的前壁骨缺损

目的：探讨上颌窦手术功能性修复窦腔前壁骨缺损,减少手术并发症。方法：在上颌窦前壁设计一个活门式蒂在上方的骨膜骨瓣。清除上颌窦内病灶,然后将骨膜骨瓣复位,关闭窦腔。结果：本组38例（42例）,术后1年随访,无手术并发症,原症状消失。26例X线照片,12例CT检查未见疾病复发,上颌窦前壁开窗处骨愈合良好。结论：活门式带蒂骨膜骨瓣修复上颌窦手术窦腔前壁骨缺损,无手术并发症,上颌窦生理功能不受破坏。     

上颌窦根治术后前壁缺损重建术20例

常规上颌窦根治术后,其前壁常遗留骨缺损,瘢痕组织由此长入上颌窦腔内,易形成阻塞,甚至引起上颌窦炎症或病变复发。为克服这一缺点,我们采用自体复合骨瓣移植,进行上颌窦前壁重建术20例,取得满意效果。1　病例报告1.1　一般情况　本组男12例,女8例;年龄16～57岁,平均34岁。其中慢性上颌窦炎11例,上颌窦粘液囊肿5例,上颌窦出血坏死性息肉3例,上颌窦骨瘤1例。术前X线或CT片示均无上颌窦骨质破坏。1.2　手术方法　局麻,按柯-陆术式作口内唇龈粘膜切口,自尖牙向外达第2前臼齿,深达骨膜,掀起粘骨膜瓣,暴露上颌窦前壁。在前壁中央用电钻切取边长…     

上颌窦曲菌病的CT诊断(附12例报告)

目的 探讨上颌窦曲菌病的ＣＴ表现及诊断价值。方法 对１２例手术病理证实为上颌窦曲菌病的影像学，临床及手术病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果 ＣＴ表现：（１）上颌窦内不均匀性软组织密度影；（２）与窦壁无关的钙化；（３）局限性骨质增生和破坏；（４）仅累及一侧上颌窦，少累及其他鼻窦。结论 该病具有较特征的ＣＴ表现，８５％以上的病人可获得诊断。ＣＴ可明确病变的部位及范围，是首选的影像学检查方法。     

非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎的CT诊断

目的总结非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎的CT表现特征,以提高本病的正确诊断率。方法对经手术、病理证实的50例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎的CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果 43例病变累及一侧上颌窦,7例累及同侧筛窦及鼻腔。病变窦腔内充以软组织密度影,内见斑点斑块状钙化36例,窦腔高密度影内见气泡影19例。34例见上颌窦窦壁骨质改变,窦壁骨质增生硬化26例;窦壁骨质吸收破坏24例。结论非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎具有特征性的CT表现,CT对该病的诊断有较高价值。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.