交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折与其并发症的预防

目的：为了提高交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折的疗效，总结用交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折40例与其所产生的并发症。方法：男性28例，女性12例；左胫骨22个，右胫骨18个：平均年龄38岁(19岁～65岁)。结果：随访40例10个月以上，骨折全部愈合。并发症为术中再骨折2例，近端锁钉未穿过锁孔1例，远端锁钉未穿过锁孔4例，伤口感染1例，远端锁钉断裂1例，退出1例。结论：交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折应注意：①严格掌握适应征。②交锁髓内钉使用需要专门操作技术，要严格按操作规程操作。③陈旧性或粉碎性骨折应延迟负重时间。     

实心交锁钉在胫骨骨折中的应用

目的:为了提高交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干骨折的效果。方法:对2001年1月~2005年7月用交锁髓内钉治疗的52例胫骨干骨折进行了回顾性分析和总结。结果:48例获得随访,平均随访时间为12.5个月。术中并发症1例,占1.92%,主要是远端锁钉未穿过锁孔;术后并发症4例,占7.68%,其中胫骨内翻畸形1例(1.92%),骨折延迟愈合1例(1.92%),伤口感染1例(1.92%),远端锁钉退出1例(1.92%)。结论:交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干骨折是一种比较理想的治疗方法,应严格掌握适应证,术中严格按规程操作。     

交锁髓内钉治疗下肢长骨骨折32例临床分析

目的探讨交锁髓内钉治疗下肢长骨骨折的效果。方法对2000年9月~2005年9月用交锁髓内钉治疗的32例下肢长骨骨折进行了回顾性分析和总结。结果32例均获得随访,平均随访时间为12.5个月。术中并发症3例,主要是远端锁钉未穿过锁孔;32例术后均获骨性愈合。结论交锁髓内钉治疗下肢长骨骨折是一种比较理想的治疗方法,应严格掌握适应症,术中严格按规程操作。     

交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折并发症及防治

目的 为提高交锁髓内钉治疗骨折效果，作者总结了1998年7月～2004年7月用交锁髓内钉治疗90例胫骨干骨折。材料与方法 男65例，女25例，平均年龄31岁，新鲜骨折72例，陈旧骨折l6例，病理骨折2例。结果 随访半年以上者75例，骨折全部愈合，适应症选择不当造成内固定失败1例，术中再骨折3例，近端锁钉未穿过锁钉孔2例，远端锁钉放置失败3例，伤口深部感染2例，近端锁钉断裂1例，远端锁钉断裂1例，退出2例。结论 交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干骨折要注意：①适应症要严格掌握；②严格操作要求；③掌握负重时间。     

第三代扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干骨折并发症及防治

目的 为了提高带锁髓内钉治疗骨折的效果。方法 总结用第三代扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗90例股骨干骨折的并发症，男75例，女15例，平均年龄43岁(17—84岁)。结果 82例获得随访，平均随访时间14．3个月，术中并发症6例(7．3％)，其中术中骨折2例(2．4％)，远端锁钉未穿过锁孔2例(2．4％)，胫骨内翻畸形1例(1．2％)，胫骨外翻畸形1例(1．2％)；术后并发症7例(8．5％)，其中胫骨内翻畸形1例(1．2％)，骨不连1例(1．2％),伤口感染3例(3．7％)，髓内钉断裂1例(1．2％)，远端锁钉退出1例(1．2％)。结论 带锁髓内钉治疗胫骨干骨折应严格掌握适应证，术中严格按规程操作。     

交锁髓内钉治疗74例胫骨骨折并发症原因分析

目的　分析交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折并发症的发生原因并提出相应防治措施。方法　自 1998年 5月到2 0 0 2年 10月 ,共用交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折 74例。结果　所有病例经 8～ 12月随访 ,术中出现骨折端的劈裂 3例 ;胫骨结节劈裂骨折 1例 ;大隐静脉损伤 6例。术后出现膝部切口处皮肤坏死 1例 ;膝部疼痛 6例 ;远端锁钉松动退出 6例 ;骨折延期愈合 4例 ,其中成角畸形 1例 ;伤口感染 2例 ;远端锁钉断裂 1例。结论　交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折应注意 :严格掌握适应证、选择适当的手术时机以及细致的手术操作可避免或减少并发症的发生。     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨、胫骨干骨折

目的:探讨带锁髓内钉的适应证、优缺点及并发症的预防。方法:回顾性地分析应用带锁髓内钉治疗63例股骨及胫骨干骨折的临床资料,从以上各方面进行讨论。结果:获随访58例中,骨折全部愈合。术中再骨折1例,远端锁钉放置失败 3例,术后肢体延长1例,主钉断裂、弯曲各1例,远端锁钉断裂1例,退出2例。结论:交锁髓内钉是良好的内固定方法,具有骨折固定牢固、愈合良好的优点,运用时应严格掌握适应症及严格按规程操作,预防并发症发生。     

交锁髓内钉治疗124例胫骨骨折并发症原因分析

目的 分析交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折并发症的发生原因并提出相应防治措施.方法 分析应用交锁髓内钉治疗124例胫骨骨折中并发症的发生原因.结果 所有患者经8～12个月随访,术中出现骨折端劈裂5例(4.03%),胫骨结节劈裂骨折1例(0.81%),大隐静脉损伤8例(6.45%);术后出现膝部切口处皮肤坏死1例(0.81%),膝部疼痛7例(5.65%),远端锁钉松动退出9例(7.25%),骨折延期愈合6例(4.84%)(其中成角畸形1例),伤口感染2例 (1.61%),远端锁钉断裂3例(2.42%).结论 采用交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨骨折时,严格掌握适应证、选择适当的手术时机及细致的手术操作可避免或减少并发症的发生.     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨、胫骨干骨折

目的：探讨带锁髓内钉的适应证、优缺点及并发症的预防。方法：回顾性地分析应用带锁髓内钉治疗63例股骨及胫骨干骨折的临床资料，从以上各方面进行讨论。结果：获随访58例中，骨折全部愈合。术中再骨折1例，远端锁钉放置失败3例，术后肢体延长1例，主钉断裂、弯曲各1例，远端锁钉断裂1例，退出2例。结论：交锁髓内钉是良好的内固定方法，具有骨折固定牢固、愈合良好的优点，运用时应严格掌握适应症及严格按规程操作，预防并发症发生。     

扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折并发症及其防治

目的 总结扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折的并发症,并提出防治方法 .方法 回顾分析采用扩髓带锁髓内钉治疗308例股骨干骨折的临床资料,其中上段骨折86例,中段骨折95例,下段骨折113例,多段骨折14例.急诊手术145例,择期手术163例.结果 227例获得随访,平均随访时间23.3个月,术中并发症11例,占3.6%.其中术中骨折4例(1.3%),远端锁钉未穿过锁孔2例(0.6%),股骨内翻畸形2例(0.6%),股骨外翻畸形3例(0.9%);术后并发症29例,占9.4%.其中股骨内翻畸形1例(0.3%),骨不连11例(3.6%).伤口感染3例(0.9%),髓内钉断裂1例(0.3%),远端锁钉退出13例(4.2%).结论 带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折应严格掌握适应证.术中严格按规程操作.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.