新疆玛纳斯县学龄前儿童、中小学生肠道寄生虫监测与防治研究

本文报道了1996～1997年玛纳斯县学龄前儿童、中小学生肠道寄生虫感染情况及集体驱虫治疗效果的考核。我县学龄前儿童中小学生肠道寄生虫感染率为36.19％(764/2111),男性感染率明显高于女性,不同年龄、民族、寄生虫感染率与我区调查一致。集体驱虫18 893人,服药率为92.57％,集体驱虫后其肠道寄生虫感染率下降到17.92％,与驱虫前相比下降了50.48％,取得了明显的社会效益。     

新疆农三师学龄前儿童、中小学生肠道寄生虫监测与防治效果评价

为完成农三师学龄前儿童、中小学生肠道寄生虫监测与防治效果的评价。用改良加藤厚涂片法、卢戈氏液直接涂片法和塑料薄膜透明胶纸肛拭法,进行肠道寄生虫感染情况的调查和防治效果的考核。用阿苯哒唑每天二次,每次100mg,连服三天的驱虫方法,对全师学龄前儿童、中小学生进行集体驱虫。驱虫二个月后用同样方法复查。最后用寄生虫感染下降率来评价防治效果。调查的受检率为81.68％,总感染率为19.02％,共查出寄生虫11种,其中原虫5种、蠕虫6种。钩虫为喀什地区首次检出。驱虫后肠道寄生虫感染率为0.54％,与驱虫前相比下降了97.16％。驱虫后蛔虫等土源性线虫和微小膜壳综虫感染率均下降85％以上,集体驱虫累计人数达40 000人。学生寄生虫调查结果为兵团农三师肠道寄生虫防治积累了宝贵的本底资料,本驱虫方法对我师学生肠道线虫和微小膜壳绦虫均取得了明显的防治效果。     

博乐市学龄前儿童、青少年肠道寄生虫病的调查与防治

自1996年5月至8月,在博乐市分别进行了学前儿童、青少年肠道寄生虫本底调查和驱虫复查,共调查2 180人,寄生虫感染者607人,总感染率为27.84％(607/2 180)。查见人体寄生虫10种,以蛲虫感染率为最高16.24％,依次为蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫7.29％,微小膜壳绦虫3.12％,鞭虫1.88％,蛔虫1.56％。集体驱虫的受治率98.33％(22 490/22 873),驱虫后寄生虫感染率为13.60％(288/2 117)。一次集体驱虫后,寄生虫总感染率下降了51.15％,其中蠕虫、原虫和绦虫感染下降率依次分别为61.73％,23.52％和20.25％,表明对肠道蠕虫的驱虫效果显著,取得了明显的社会效益。     

2001年石河子垦区少年儿童肠道寄生虫病防治监测报告

为掌握石河子垦区学龄前儿童、中小学生肠道寄生虫感染水平，进一步开展其集体驱虫防治研究。使用改良加藤厚涂片法；卢戈氏液直接涂片法；塑料薄膜透明胶纸肛拭法进行感染水平调查。集体驱虫防治应用阿苯达唑片剂，7岁以下400mg顿服，7岁以上600mg顿服的驱虫方法。驱虫二个月后，用同样方法进行复查，最后用寄生虫感染下降率评价防治效果。结果显示肠道寄生虫调查的受检率为98．25％(5797／5900)，总的感染率为44．83％(259／5797)。共查出寄生虫12种，其中原虫6种，蠕虫6种。各种虫的感染以蛲虫为最高(19．46％)，蛔虫次之(14．02％)。驱虫后寄生虫总感染率为9．98％，与驱虫前相比下降了77．74％，蛲虫和蛔虫等土源性线虫感染下降率超过78．05％。微小膜壳绦虫感染下降率为93．02％。集体驱虫的服药率达93．02％。本次调查结果为石河子垦区学龄前儿童、中小学生肠道寄生虫的分布积累了宝贵的本底资料。本驱虫方法对全垦区学生的肠道线虫和微小膜壳绦虫均取得了明显的防治效果。集体驱虫工作使近6万名学生受益，社会效益显。     

内蒙古自治区儿童肠道寄生虫感染情况的分析

按全国人体寄生虫分布调查细则方法对内蒙古自治区１０４２０名１５岁以下儿童的人体寄生虫感染情况进行调查。结果共查见肠道寄生虫感染者３１３４例，其感染率为３０．１％。共查见寄生虫１１种（其中蠕虫５种，原虫６种）。儿童的各种寄生虫感染率分别为蛔虫１７．２％...     

和布克赛尔蒙古自治县中小学生肠道寄生虫监测与防治研究

为掌握本县中小学生肠道寄生虫感染情况,开展集体驱虫防治工作,并考核其防治效果。用改良加藤厚涂片法、卢戈氏液直接涂片法、塑料薄膜透明胶纸肛拭法进行肠道寄生虫感染调查。用阿苯哒唑片剂,按4～7岁400mg顿服,7岁以上600mg顿服的驱虫方法进行集体驱虫,用寄生虫感染下降率评价防治效果。本次调查受检率为85.97％(1066/1240)。共查出寄生虫7种,其中以蛲虫感染率为最高(12.20％)。寄生虫总感染率为26.27％(280/1 066)。集体驱虫服药率为81.00％(7 765/9 587)。服药三个月后复查的寄生虫感染率为5.62％(56/996),与驱虫前相比感染率下降了79.12％。蛔虫、蛲虫、鞭虫的感染下降率分别为84.68％,81.89％和92.37％。     

温宿县中小学生肠道寄生虫监测与防治效果

了解温宿县定点学校中小学生肠道寄生虫感染情况,评价药物驱虫效果。本次调查城乡中小学生1331名,寄生虫感染者299人,感染率为22.46％,检出寄生虫11种。维吾尔族学生感染率(31.55％)明显高于汉族学生(18.39％)。对6 000余人中的1 247人在集体驱虫两个月后进行复查,检出感染者148人,感染率为11.87％,与驱虫前相比感染率下降了47.87％。本次调查的肠道寄生虫感染为温宿县首次报道,为中小学生驱虫防治积累了有价值的资料。本驱虫方法对土源性线虫防治效果显著。     

伊宁市学龄前儿童、中小学生肠道寄生虫病防治效果研究

在伊宁市学前儿童、中小学生中开展了肠道寄生虫病防治。采用改良加藤厚涂片法、卢戈氏液直接涂片法和塑料薄膜透明胶纸肛拭法,调查肠道寄生虫感染情况。用阿苯哒唑片剂按7岁以下400mg,7岁以上600mg一次顿服的驱虫方法,在4～16岁人群中进行集体驱虫,驱虫二个月后,对原监测人群再进行复查,结果共查出寄生虫9种,其中棘口科吸虫1例,为我市首次报道。调查总感染率为19.05％。集体驱虫的服药率为63.88％(24 727/38 708)。驱虫后的肠道寄生虫感染率为8.71％(202/2 320),与驱虫前相比道寄生虫感染下降率下降了54.28％,蛔虫、蛲虫、鞭虫和微小膜壳绦虫感染下降率分别为88.98％,88.30％,77.03％和50.30％。本次调查为防治工作提供了新的本底资料,填补了伊宁市肠道寄生虫防治领域的空白。     

新疆伊宁县中小学生常见肠道蠕虫防治效果的研究

为在新疆中小学生中广泛开展肠道蠕虫防治提供有效的防治方案，作者等在新疆伊宁县采用改良加藤厚涂片法，碘液直接涂片法，塑料薄膜透明胶带肛拭法做肠道寄生虫感染情况的调查，用阿苯哒唑药物按０．１ｇ／２／ｄ×３总剂量为６００ｍｇ的方案进行集体驱虫，用寄生虫感染下降评价防治的效果，共查出蠕虫８种，寄生虫感染率为３５．８％，受治率为７３．４％（４７２５４／６４８５２），驱虫后的感染率为７．１７％，感染下降率为７     

海南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫感染的调查

本文报道全省抽查的５个县、市１５个点的１－６岁农村儿童肠道寄生虫感染概况，按全国人体寄生虫分布调查实施细则的方法，共调查１－６岁儿童１３８７人，查见寄生虫感染者１２３７例，寄生虫总感染率为８９．２％。共查见寄生虫２３种，其中线虫１０种、原虫８种、吸虫４种、绦虫１种。以蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫和蛲虫感染率较高，依次为６７．１％、５８．７％、２９．１％和３３．４％。其次为贾第虫和粪类圆线虫、其感染率分别为８．２％和２．６％。多虫感染者达７４．２％，１人同时感染３种寄生虫以上者占感染人数３７．１％，表明海南１－６岁农村儿童肠道寄生虫感染的普遍性和严重性。     

妊娠时间与肺结核复发的相关性研究及诊治对策

目的 分析肺结核史患者妊娠时间和肺结核复发间相关性.方法 选取我院收治的有肺结核史的妊娠妇女576例作为研究对象,对其妊娠前肺结核治疗、治愈后妊娠时间、妊娠后复发肺结核等进行分析,总结有肺结核史育龄女性的妊娠时间和肺结核复发之间的关系.结果 肺结核治愈后不同时间段妊娠者的结核复发率比较,差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）,停药后间隔时间越久妊娠,肺结核复发的几率越小.结论 加强孕期痰菌检查,及早发现复发肺结核,提高母婴安全.     

我国骨关节结核诊治的回顾与展望

骨关节结核是危害人们健康的严重感染性疾病,近95％由他处结核病继发而来.罹患骨关节结核疾病后几乎均将致残,严重影响人们的健康、工作和生活.建国以来在党和国家的关心和支持下,骨关节结核的诊治水平取得了长足进步.时至今日,由于多种原因,学科发展和被重视程度受到一定的制约,同整个医疗行业的发展不相适应.回顾过去,展望未来,我们需要重新审视骨关节结核的诊治方法,努力推进骨关节结核诊疗技术的科学发展.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fos and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44~(MAPK), p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44~(MAPK) and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between P42/44~(MAPK) and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Raf/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44~(MAPK), c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

Overweight and Obesity and Progression of ADPKD

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Replication and Inhibitors of Enteroviruses and Parechoviruses

The Enterovirus (EV) and Parechovirus genera of the picornavirus family include many important human pathogens, including poliovirus, rhinovirus, EV-A71, EV-D68, and human parechoviruses (HPeV). They cause a wide variety of diseases, ranging from a simple common cold to life-threatening diseases such as encephalitis and myocarditis. At the moment, no antiviral therapy is available against these viruses and it is not feasible to develop vaccines against all EVs and HPeVs due to the great number of serotypes. Therefore, a lot of effort is being invested in the development of antiviral drugs. Both viral proteins and host proteins essential for virus replication can be used as targets for virus inhibitors. As such, a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication is pivotal in the design of antiviral strategies goes hand in hand with a good understanding of the complex process of virus replication. In this review, we will give an overview of the current state of knowledge of EV and HPeV replication and how this can be inhibited by small-molecule inhibitors.     

Effect of phosphorylation of MAPK and Stat3 and expression of c-fas and c-jun proteins on hepatocarcinogenesis and their clinical significance

AIM To study the effect of phosphorylation ofMAPK and Stat3 and the expression of c-fos andc-jun proteins on hepatocellular carcinogenesisand their clinical significance.METHODS SP immunohistochemistry was usedto detect the expression of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3,c-fos and c-jun proteins in 55 hepatocellularcarcinomas (HCC) and their surrounding livertissues.RESULTS The positive rates and expressionlevels of p42/44MAPK, p-Stat3, c-fos and c-junproteins in HCCs were significantly higher thanthose in pericarcinomatous liver tissues (PCLT).A positive correlation was observed between theexpression of p42/44MAPK and c-fos proteins, andbetween p-Stat3 and c-jun, but there was nosignificant correlation between p42/44MAPK and p-Stat3 in HCCs and their surrounding livertissues.CONCLUSION The abnormalities of Ras/Rat/MAPK and JAKs/ Stat3 cascade reaction maycontribute to malignant transformation ofhepatocytes. Hepatocytes which are positive forp42/ 44MAPK, c-fos or c-jun proteins may bepotential malignant pre-cancerous cells.Activation of MAPK and Stat3 proteins may be anearly event in hepatocellular carcinogenesis.     

心电图、心电向量图与冠状动脉造影结果对比分析

目的:通过分析心电图(Electrocardiogram,ECG)和心电向量图(Vectorcardiogram,VCG)的改变与冠脉造影（CAG）结果进行对比,探讨ECG、VCG在冠状动脉病变中的诊断价值。方法: 选择2008年1月~2009年12月临床拟诊断为冠心病患者108例,行常规ECG、VCG检查,并于1周内进行CAG,对检查结果依据各自的诊断标准进行判定,以CAG为标准诊断法,利用四格表法,计算相关评价真实性的指标并进行比较。结果: ①VCG检测的灵敏度、特异度、准确度显著高于ECG(P<0.05,P<0．01)。②ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变支数组间比较:在单支病变、双支病变中,VCG阳性率明显高于ECG(P<0.05),左主干或三支病变无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变、双支病变阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01);VCG组左主干或三支病变组较单支病变阳性率高(P<0.05);与双支病变阳性率比较无统计学意义;③ECG、VCG阳性率与冠脉病变程度组间比较:冠脉病变狭窄50%～69%的VCG阳性率明显高于ECG (P<0.05),其他两组阳性率比较无统计学意义;组内比较:ECG组冠脉病变狭窄≥90%较50%～69%、70%～89%的阳性率高(P<0.05,P<0.01); VCG组狭窄≥90%较50%～69%阳性率高（P<0.01),其他无统计学意义。结论: VCG对冠心病检测价值显著高于ECG。     

Detection and characterization of the product of hydroethidine and intracellular superoxide by HPLC and limitations of fluorescence

Here we report the structural characterization of the product formed from the reaction between hydroethidine (HE) and superoxide (O(2)(.-)). By using mass spectral and NMR techniques, the chemical structure of this product was determined as 2-hydroxyethidium (2-OH-E(+)). By using an authentic standard, we developed an HPLC approach to detect and quantitate the reaction product of HE and O(2)(.-) formed in bovine aortic endothelial cells after treatment with menadione or antimycin A to induce intracellular reactive oxygen species. Concomitantly, we used a spin trap, 5-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (BMPO), to detect and identify the structure of reactive oxygen species formed. BMPO trapped the O(2)(.-) that formed extracellularly and was detected as the BMPO-OH adduct during use of the EPR technique. BMPO, being cell-permeable, inhibited the intracellular formation of 2-OH-E(+). However, the intracellular BMPO spin adduct was not detected. The definitive characterization of the reaction product of O(2)(.-) with HE described here forms the basis of an unambiguous assay for intracellular detection and quantitation of O(2)(.-). Analysis of the fluorescence characteristics of ethidium (E(+)) and 2-OH-E(+) strongly suggests that the currently available fluorescence methodology is not suitable for quantitating intracellular O(2)(.-). We conclude that the HPLC/fluorescence assay using HE as a probe is more suitable [corrected] for detecting intracellular O(2)(.-).     

Effects of sex and time of day on metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice

Non-invasive techniques to monitor stress hormones in small animals like mice offer several advantages and are highly demanded in laboratory as well as in field research. Since knowledge about the species-specific metabolism and excretion of glucocorticoids is essential to develop such a technique, we conducted radiometabolism studies in mice (Mus musculus f. domesticus, strain C57BL/6J). Each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 740 kBq of 3H-labelled corticosterone and all voided urine and fecal samples were collected for five days. In a first experiment 16 animals (eight of each sex) received the injection at 9 a.m., while eight mice (four of each sex) were injected at 9 p.m. in a second experiment. In both experiments radioactive metabolites were recovered predominantly in the feces, although males excreted significantly higher proportions via the feces (about 73%) than females (about 53%). Peak radioactivity in the urine was detected within about 2h after injection, while in the feces peak concentrations were observed later (depending on the time of injection: about 10h postinjection in experiment 1 and about 4h postinjection in experiment 2, thus proving an effect of the time of day). The number and relative abundance of fecal [3H]corticosterone metabolites was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC separations revealed that corticosterone was extensively metabolized mainly to more polar substances. Regarding the types of metabolites formed, significant differences were found between males and females, but not between the experiments. Additionally, the immunoreactivity of these metabolites was assessed by screening the HPLC fractions with four enzyme immunoassays (EIA). However, only a newly established EIA for 5alpha-pregnane-3beta,11beta,21-triol-20-one (measuring corticosterone metabolites with a 5alpha-3beta,11beta-diol structure) detected several peaks of radioactive metabolites with high intensity in both sexes, while the other EIAs showed only minor immunoreactivity. Thus, our study for the first time provides substantial information about metabolism and excretion of corticosterone in urine and feces of mice and is the first demonstrating a significant impact of the animals' sex and the time of day. Based on these data it should be possible to monitor adrenocortical activity non-invasively in this species by measuring fecal corticosterone metabolites with the newly developed EIA. Since mice are extensively used in research world-wide, this could open new perspectives in various fields from ecology to behavioral endocrinology.     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养和外源基因的导入

目的探讨绿色荧光蛋白基因转染骨髓间质干细胞的可行性。方法采用F icoll-PaqueTMP lus淋巴细胞分离液,根据细胞密度梯度原理,分离大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(rM SC s)并进行体外原代培养和传代扩增,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞生长情况,免疫细胞化学法对其初步鉴定。流式细胞仪分析转染效率。结果原代和传代培养的细胞呈现梭形外观,具有较强的生长增殖能力;细胞均一表达CD44、CD54、CD106、CD29抗原。电穿孔法转染rM SC s转染率为32.8%±3%。结论采用比重为1.077 g/L的F icoll-PaqueTMP lus能分离获得大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,经原代培养和传代培养能够迅速扩增。电穿孔法具有较高的介导外源基因表达于rM SC s的效率。