静注异丙酚辅助硬膜外麻醉电视腹腔镜阑尾切除术的体会

硬膜外麻醉下经腹腔镜阑尾切除术中 ,患者常出现恶心、呕吐、胸闷等不适 ,我们采用小剂量异丙酚持续静注辅助硬膜外麻醉取得了良好效果 ,现报告如下。1　临床资料和方法急慢性阑尾炎 3 2例 ,心功能ＡＳＡⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,男 1 8例 ,女 1 4例 ,年龄 1 2～ 68岁。术前 3 0ｍｉｎ肌注苯巴比妥钠0 1ｇ,阿托品 0 5ｍｇ。于Ｔ11～ 12 硬膜外穿刺成功 ,置管 3～4ｃｍ ,用药为 1 66%利多卡因与 0 2 %丁卡因混合液 ,阻滞平面控制在Ｔ6 以下。于ＣＯ2 气腹前 1 0ｍｉｎ静脉注射安定5ｍｇ加异丙酚 2ｍｇ/ｋｇ/ｈ。本组病人常规监测ＥＣＧ ,无创血压、ＳＰ…     

小剂量氯胺酮、咪唑安定防治硬膜外阻滞下内脏牵拉反应的观察

在硬膜外阻滞下应用小剂量咪唑安定、氯胺酮于腹腔手术 ,防治牵拉反应 ,并与芬太尼、氟哌啶 (氟芬合剂 )进行对比观察 ,取得了满意的临床效果 ,现报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　一般资料 :选择连续硬膜外阻滞麻醉下行腹部手术病人 ,将麻醉阻滞效果良好 ,阻滞平面在Ｔ3 -Ｔ4～Ｔ12 Ｔ1资料完整的 30 0例 ,其中男 14 8例 ,女 15 2例 ,年龄 16～ 6 2岁 ,平均(43± 11.5 2 )岁 ,ＡＳＡⅠ -Ⅱ级 ,随机分为两组 ,Ⅰ组为咪氯组16 6例 ,Ⅱ组为氟芬组 134例。1.2　麻醉方法 :术前 1ｈ肌注安定 10ｍｇ ,阿托品 0 .5ｍｇ ,常规连续硬膜外阻滞 ,头端内置…     

地佐辛与舒芬太尼预防阑尾切除术内脏牵拉反应效果的比较

目的观察地佐辛与舒芬太尼静脉辅助用药预防硬膜外麻醉下阑尾切除术中内脏牵拉反应的效果及安全性。方法将40例拟行阑尾切除术的ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级患者,随机分为地佐辛组(D)和舒芬太尼组(S),每组20例。经T11～12椎间隙行硬膜外穿刺置管,麻醉平面固定后,切皮前D组静注地佐辛0.1 mg/kg,S组静注舒芬太尼0.2μg/kg。两组均不吸氧。记录用药前后SPO2变化及牵拉腹膜、阑尾,擦拭腹腔时的牵拉痛、恶心呕吐等不良反应,并评估二者预防内脏牵拉反应的效果及安全性。结果 D组及S组预防内脏牵拉反应的效果均良好,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),用药后5 min S组患者的SPO2低于D组(P<0.05)。结论地佐辛与舒芬太尼预防内脏牵拉反应的效果良好,且作用相当,但地佐辛的呼吸抑制作用轻,相对安全。     

瑞芬太尼+咪唑安定辅助硬膜外麻醉对腹部手术的影响

目的:探讨持续输注瑞芬太尼 咪唑安定辅助硬膜外麻醉对腹部手术中牵拉和遗忘的影响.方法:30例手术病人,随机分两组.Ⅰ组:术前10min开始持续输注瑞芬太尼0.1μg/(kg·min) 咪唑安定0.50μg/(kg·min),术中维持OAA/S评分2～3分至手术结束;Ⅱ组:术前10min缓慢静注哌替啶50mg 氟哌利多2.5mg.记录HR、MAP、SpO2的变化,OAA/S评分和内脏牵拉反应.术后24h随访.结果:Ⅰ组静脉用药期间HR、MAP、SpO2变化无显著性差异(P＞0.05).与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组用药后HR增加显著、MAP下降显著(P＜0.05).术中OAA/S评分处于2～3分、内脏牵拉反应优良、对手术过程全无记忆、愿意在以后类似手术选择同样麻醉方法的患者,Ⅰ组均显著多于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05).结论:持续输注瑞芬太尼 咪唑安定辅助硬膜外麻醉,控制OAA/S镇静评分2～3分,有助于减少腹部手术的牵拉和不良记忆.     

剖腹产手术中使用生物蛋白胶诱发严重过敏反应1例

女性 ,2 8岁。拟在硬膜外麻醉下行子宫下段剖腹产术 ,术前检查均正常 ,选择Ｌ2～ 3 间隙穿刺 ,麻醉平面控制在Ｔ6～Ｌ2 ,麻醉用药为 1%利多卡因 +0 .375 %布比卡因 ,总量为 2 0ｍｌ,胎儿取出后给予咪唑安定 3ｍｇ ,在缝合子宫时发现创面渗血 ,在子宫切口表面涂以生物蛋白胶止血以封闭缺损组织 ,手术历时 5 5ｍｉｎ ,共输注平衡液 15 0 0ｍｌ。手术结束在搬动病人时 ,病人主诉双眼及双手搔痒 ,随即出现咳嗽 ,放到平车上后发现病人脸色微紫、嘴唇水肿增厚 ,测ＳｐＯ2 为 6 6 %,血压由术毕的 10 5 /6 5ｍｍＨｇ下降到 75 /40ｍｍＨｇ,心率 12 7…     

自控硬膜外镇痛在前列腺术后39例护理体会

1　临床资料　本组 39例 ,年龄 5 6～ 79岁 ,平均 70 3岁 ,均在硬膜外麻醉下手术治疗 ,其中 2 3例行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术 ,16例行经尿道前列腺电切术。术后均留置Ｆ2 2 双腔气囊导尿管 ,并行耻骨上膀胱造瘘。给药方法 :术后保留Ｔ7～Ｌ4 硬膜外导管 ,推注 4～ 6ｍｌ布比卡因作为负荷量 ,再以美国Ｂａｘｔｅｒ公司生产的自控泵连接。药物配制 :吗啡 4ｍｇ 0 75 %布比卡因 2 0ｍｌ,用生理盐水稀释至 10 0ｍｌ持续给药 2ｍｌ/ｈ ,锁定时间 30ｍｉｎ ,每次硬膜外镇痛量 1 5ｍｌ,术后 72ｈ拔除硬膜外导管。结果 :39例病人 ,除 1例因搬动…     

全麻术后12例苏醒延迟原因分析

近 3年来我们共施行气管内插管全身麻醉 342例 ,其中非神经外科手术麻醉病人发生苏醒延迟 12例 (3 7% )。现将其原因分析报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般情况　 12例中 ,男 9例 ,女 3例 ,年龄 32～ 74岁。其中腰椎结核清除术 2例 ,胃溃疡穿孔行胃大部切除1例 ,肝破裂修补术 1例 ,直肠癌根治术 3例 ,胃癌根治术2例 ,纵隔肿瘤切除 1例 ,子宫全切术 1例。1 2　麻醉方法　术前视病人情况给予阿托品 0 .5ｍｇ或东莨菪碱 0 .3ｍｇ和苯巴比妥钠 0 .1ｇ术前 30ｍｉｎ肌注。采用硫喷妥钠诱导 6例 ,咪唑安定诱导 3例 ,异丙酚诱导 3例。术中以安氟醚或…     

硬膜外镇痛用于前列腺汽化电切术后解痉镇痛18例

我院应用硬膜外布比卡因和芬太尼联合术后镇痛于前列腺汽化电切术后患者解痉止痛共 36例。现报告如下。1　资料和方法1 1　一般资料　将 36例接受ＴＵＶＰ术ＡＳＡⅡ～Ⅲ级男性患者随机等分成镇痛组和对照组 ,每组 18例。年龄 (6 8 4±8 2 )岁 ,体重 (6 0 2± 10 1)ｋｇ。术前ＥＣＧ异常者镇痛组 8例 ,对照组 6例 ,伴高血压者镇痛组 9例 ,对照组 11例 ,伴慢性支气管炎者镇痛组 3例 ,对照组 2例。1 2　方法　两组均采用硬膜外麻醉 ,选Ｌ2～ 3 为穿刺点 ,向头侧置管 3～ 5ｃｍ ,局麻药为 1 5 %～ 2 %利多卡因 ,镇痛组术后保留硬膜外管 ,外接…     

阑尾切除术时用氯胺酮抑制牵拉反应的研究

硬膜外阻滞下行阑尾切除术常出现牵拉反应，虽有多种辅助药能减轻其反应程度，但效果均不满意。为此，我们对氯胺酮抑制阑尾牵拉反应的效果做了研究。1对象和方法1．1对象按美国麻醉医师协会分级标准（ASA）选择42例Ⅰ～Ⅱ组病人，年龄18～50岁，体重41～75kg，无心肺疾患史。择期或急诊会硬膜外阻滞下行阑尾切除术。其中，实验组22例，男12例，女10例；对照组20例，男14例，女6例。年龄及其它条件经统计学处理具有可比性。1．2实施力法病人入手术室个卧5min后监测心率、血压作为基础值。以T10～11作为硬膜外穿刺点，阻滞平面不在T6～L1…     

喉显微手术用咪唑安定加异丙酚诱导麻醉效果观察

喉显微手术刺激常引起循环改变 ,存在心脑血管意外的潜在危险。我们选用咪唑安定加异丙酚诱导用于喉显微手术麻醉 ,术中循环改变轻 ,并与单纯用异丙酚组比较 ,前者为优。1　对象和方法1 1　对象　声带息肉 4 0例 ,年龄 2 965岁 ,平均 4 3 7岁 ,性别不限 ,体重 4 975ｋｇ ,平均 64 3ｋｇ ,ＡＳＡⅠⅡ级。1 2　方法　随机分为异丙酚组和咪唑安定加异丙酚组 ,每组 2 0例。术前 3 0ｍｉｎ均给阿托品 0 5ｍｇ ,肌注。麻醉诱导 :异丙酚组 ,静注异丙酚 2ｍｇ/ｋｇ ;咪唑安定加异丙酚组 ,静注咪唑安定 0 1ｍｇ/ｋｇ ,异丙酚 2ｍｇ/ｋｇ ;注药…     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.