硫酸钙人工骨复合培养骨髓间充质干细胞对骨诱导脊柱融合的影响

BACKGROUND: Biodegrable calcium sulfate artificial bone has a good biocompatibility, so it is used as a bone graft substitute in the treatment of spinal fusion. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the osteoinductive effects of the tissue-engineered bone made of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and calcium sulfate artificial bone in spinal fusion. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro, and then combined with the calcium sulfate artificial bone. The composite material was observed under electron microscope. Totally 67 patients undergoing spinal fusion were enrolled, who were divided into control group (n=35) and observation group (n=32), receiving autologous iliac bone graft and autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with calcium sulfate transplantation, respectively. Subsequently, spinal fusion Lenke classification and low back outcome score were conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under electron microscope, the visible calcium sulfate artificial bone presented a good porous structure, on which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grew and adhered well. Slightly but insignificantly better outcomes in the spinal fusion through the use of the Lenke classification system were obtained in the observation group than the control group after surgery (P > 0.05). Besides, scores on low back outcomes in both two groups were significantly higher than baseline data (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the tissue-engineered bone made of calcium sulfate artificial bone as the scaffold and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as seed cells can exert a good osteoinduction in spinal fusion, and obtain ideal effects.     

基于三维打印技术的多药控释型载药人工骨生物学评价

目的 评价三维打印技术制备的多药控释型载药人工骨的生物相容性.方法 利用三维打印技术制备多药控释型载药人工骨,并进行急性毒性试验、热源试验、皮肤刺激试验、溶血试验、微核试验和肌肉埋植试验等检测评价其生物相容性.结果 该多药控释型载药人工骨无全身急性毒性反应、无热源效应;皮肤刺激实验局部皮肤未见红斑、水肿反应;溶血率为0.29%,有良好的血液相容性;微核实验未见致突变现象.无细胞遗传毒性作用;肌肉埋植实验未见局部组织变性、坏死或排斥现象.结论 三维打印技术制备的多药控释型载药人工骨具有良好的生物相容性,符合医用生物材料的性能要求.Abstract：Objective To evaluate the biocompatibility of porous drug implant scaffolds prepared by 3D printing technique. Methods Porous drug implant scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing technique, and a series of tests were carried out to validate the biocompatibility, including acute systemic toxicity, hot source test, local irritation reaction, micronucleus test, muscle implant test and so on. Results The porous drug implant scaffolds showed no acute systemic toxicity, no pyrogenetic effect, no local erythema and edema in local irritation re-action, hemolysis rate of 0.29%, no cellular genetoxic. No local tissue denaturation, necrosis and exclusion were found in intramuscular implant test. Conclusion With good biocompatibility, the porous drug implant scaffold fabricated by 3D printing technique can meet the clinical requirement for biomaterial.     

钴合金椎弓根螺钉植入修复脊柱结核重度后凸畸形：自身对照临床试验方案

BACKGROUND: There is evidence that internal fixation through an anterior or posterior approach for treatment of severe kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis exhibits good curative effects. However, few prospective, long-term follow-up case control studies are reported.     

功能型骨组织工程支架修复结核性骨缺损

BACKGROUND: Repairing tuberculosis bone defect has become a research focus with the development of anti-tuberculosis functional bone tissue engineering scaffold. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preparation, drug release performance and osteogenic properties of the anti-tuberculosis functional bone tissue engineering scaffold. METHODS: PubMed, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Wanfang databases were searched by computer for articles addressing functional bone tissue engineering scaffold for repair of tuberculosis bone defect. The keywords were “bone tissue engineering scaffold; tuberculosis; bone defect” in English and Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The anti-tuberculosis functional bone tissue engineering scaffold has good drug delivery, biocompatibility, osteogenic properties and anti-tuberculosis properties. As a good choice to avert bone defect relapse, the scaffold enables a long and stable drug release into bone defects to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-tuberculosis drugs topically. Given the technical deficiencies, we can only combine two drugs with the anti-tuberculosis bone tissue engineering scaffold, although the combined use of three or four anti-tuberculosis drugs is preferred. Additionally, a complete course of anti-tuberculosis treatment often lasts for 6-12 months, which cannot be achieved by the existing anti-tuberculosis bone tissue engineering scaffold. Up to now, the effect of this scaffold has not yet been confirmed in animal models, although how to prepare this scaffold has been reported.     

多枚异形钛网一期后路修复脊柱结核

BACKGROUND: How to reconstruct the anterior defect after decomperation for posterior approach is the key of operation. We designed special formed titanium mesh cages matched with one-stage posterior approach surgery.      

异种脱蛋白松质骨支架在脊柱横突间融合中应用的可行性

背景：现如今关于组织工程骨的相关研究大多集中在骨干临界性骨缺损方面,关于其在脊柱融合中的相关研究和报道相对较少。 目的：探讨在脊柱横突间融合治疗中异种脱蛋白松质骨作为骨组织工程支架的应用可行性。 方法：取成年猪股骨远端松质部分,制备异种脱蛋白松质骨材料,与重组人骨形态发生蛋白复合后,再复合骨髓间充质干细胞制备组织工程骨。取24只山羊,制备横突间植骨床,随机均分为2组,观察组左侧植入组织工程骨,右侧植入载重组人骨形态发生蛋白的异种脱蛋白松质骨;对照组左侧植入自体髂骨,右侧植入异种脱蛋白松质骨。植入后4,8,12周获取融合节段,进行大体观察、X射线观察、组织学观察及生物力学检测。 结果与结论：X 射线显示,两组植入材料均固定良好,固定效果可靠。植入后不同时间点,各组植入材料均处于良好位置,材料周围组织未出现化脓或者坏死等,且均出现软组织长入、包裹,植入材料周围均未出现积液和坏死等,其中组织工程骨组影像学表现与组织学表现优于载重组人骨形态发生蛋白异种脱蛋白松质骨组、异种脱蛋白松质骨组,与自体骨最接近。植入后12周,组织工程骨组最大弯曲载荷最接近自体髂骨组,两组间比较差异无显著性意义。表明在脊柱横突间融合治疗中,异种脱蛋白松质骨作为骨组织工程支架具有一定的应用可行性。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

前路病灶清除植骨Ventrofix固定治疗胸腰椎结核

目的评估AO圆棒内固定系统(VentroFix)在胸腰椎结核前路病灶彻底切除植骨内固定术中的临床应用价值.方法对16例胸腰椎结核患者行病灶切除,植骨及应用VentroFix进行内固定.结果 16例经9-18个月随访,无术中,术后并发症,植骨全部融合,无植骨块移位或塌陷及高度丢失.亦无螺钉断裂无松动等现象,脊髓神经功能均有不同程度的恢复.结论该固定系统具有固定牢固,稳定性高,操作简单安全,合并症少,生物相容性好,无磁性等优点,是胸腰椎结核良好的前路内固定器械.     

椎弓根置钉修复胸腰椎骨折合并脊髓损伤：选择性损伤节段及全部固定节段植骨融合的比较

BACKGROUND: Spinal canal decompression is needed in posterior pedicle screw fixation surgery for thoracolumbar burst fractures combine with spinal cord injury. The structure of posterior spine is often damaged. The posterolateral bone fusion in all fixed segment is still the main surgery. In order to further reduce fusion segment and maintain motor unit, it is necessary to perform selective segmental bone graft fusion during fixation and decompression.      

钛合金内固定材料修复脊柱结核：生物相容性及力学性能

BACKGROUND: Currently, surgical implant fixation is mainly applied for spinal tuberculosis. How to choose implant materials, however, is still under discussion. OBJECTIVE: To compare the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of titanium alloy and stainless steel for rabbit spinal tuberculosis. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were chosen to prepare spinal tuberculosis models. Then, the rabbits were equivalently randomized into two groups, which underwent implant fixation with stainless steel or titanium alloy, respectively. At 30 days after implantation, biocompatibility and biomechanical properties of the two materials in the repaired region of spine were observed and detected, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In view of the biocompatibility, infection and immunological rejection could not been found in the titanium alloy group; in contrast, infection appeared in three rabbits of the stainless steel group. Flexion, extension and lateral bending displacements under the spinal loading in the titanium alloy group were significantly less than those in the stainless steel group (P < 0.05); axial pull-out strength in the titanium alloy group was significantly higher than that in the stainless steel group (P < 0.05); flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial compression in the titanium alloy group were significantly greater than those in the stainless steel group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, titanium alloy material has good biocompatibility that can be used to restore and maintain the spinal stability.     

胰岛素样生长因子1诱导骨髓间充质干细胞转化为少突胶质细胞移植修复急性脊髓损伤

BACKGROUND:Treatment and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury is a complicated problem, and the reconstruction and remyelination of neural reflex pathways are the essential process, during which oligodendrocytes play an important role in spinal cord injury repair. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of oligodendrocyte transplantation for acute spinal cord injury in rats. METHODS:Insulin-like growth factor 1 induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into oligodendrocytes, and those oligodendrocytes were transplanted into rats with acute spinal cord injury as induced cell transplantation group. Simple normal saline and natural oligodendrocytes were transplanted into the rat injured spinal cord as control group and oligodendrocyte group, respectively. Rat behavioral changes were observed by inclined plane test and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores. Neurological recovery and survival of the transplanted cells was detected and observed using spinal evoked potential and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, BBB scores and the critical elevation angle of the incline plane test significantly increased, latencies of spinal motor and sensory evoked potential were on the decline (P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in above indicators between the two groups at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. Moreover, survived oligodendrocytes after transplantation could be found in the lesions of spinal cord in both two groups. In conclusion, insulin-like growth factor 1-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into oligodendrocytes that exact an excellent role in acute spinal cord injury repair after transplantation, which achieve the equal clinical efficacy to the natural oligodendrocytes.     

纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙为可注射骨组织工程支架材料的可行性

背景：前期实验采用仿生学原理制备了可注射性纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙复合材料,但其与骨髓间充质干细胞的生物相容性还不十分清楚。目的：探讨纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙作为注射型骨组织工程支架材料的可行性。方法：将第3代兔骨髓间充质干细胞与可注射纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙支架复合培养,作为实验组;以单纯接种培养的骨髓间充质干细胞为对照组,倒置显微镜下观察细胞生长情况,MTT法检测细胞增殖,扫描电镜观察细胞在材料表面生长与增殖。将纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙支架埋植在家兔背部肌袋内,埋植后2,4,6,8周进行病理学观察。结果与结论：实验组细胞生长、增殖良好,与对照组无明显差异。支架埋植后2周,材料周围有中等量中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和巨细胞浸润,可见小血管与纤维母细胞增生,材料已被炎性细胞分割、围绕散碎;埋植后4周,可见少量淋巴细胞、纤维母细胞聚集,炎症反应进一步消退,肌纤维排列、形态正常;埋植后6周,材料周围炎症反应轻微,组织水肿不明显;埋植后8周,炎症反应基本消退,材料基本降解完成,肌纤维形态基本正常。表明纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙复合物具有良好的细胞相容性和生物降解性,可作为注射型支架材料。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：