骨髓基质细胞移植缺血性脑梗死大鼠后神经营养因子的表达

背景：骨髓基质细胞在适宜条件下可分化为神经元和星形胶质细胞,分泌可溶性分子促进神经元存活。 目的：观察骨髓基质细胞移植后缺血性脑梗死大鼠脑组织神经营养因子表达情况及其对神经功能的影响。 方法：改良的Longa栓线法制作大鼠大脑中动脉缺血模型,1 h后再灌注,24 h后治疗组尾静脉注射3×106骨髓基质细胞,盐水对照组尾静脉注射1 mL生理盐水,空白对照组不进行注射。 结果与结论：在梗死后第7,14天治疗组的神经损伤评分明显低于对照组(P < 0.05);治疗组神经生长因子和脑源性神经营养因子表达在各时间点均高于对照组(P < 0.05)。结果显示静脉移植骨髓基质细胞可改善缺血性脑梗死大鼠神经功能,移植骨髓基质细胞后缺血脑组织中神经生长因子及脑源性神经营养因子表达促进了神经功能的恢复。     

胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因修饰骨髓基质干细胞移植脑出血大鼠 神经营养因子的表达

背景：研究证实,细胞移植和神经营养因子相结合治疗脑损伤能促进大鼠神经功能的恢复。 目的：观察移植胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因修饰的骨髓基质干细胞对大鼠脑出血后神经营养因子表达的影响。 方法：通过脑立体定位仪向SD大鼠脑尾壳核注射胶原酶和肝素建立脑出血动物模型,将48只模型鼠随机分为3组,骨髓基质干细胞组、胶质细胞源性神经营养因子/骨髓基质干细胞组和对照组于建模后第3天在脑出血部位分别移植骨髓基质干细胞、胶质细胞源性神经营养因子/骨髓基质干细胞以及生理盐水。 结果与结论：与对照组和骨髓基质干细胞组相比,胶质细胞源性神经营养因子/骨髓基质干细胞组大鼠神经功能恢复更好;与对照组相比,移植后1,2周其他2组各神经营养因子表达均显著增加(P < 0.05)。提示胶质细胞源性神经营养因子基因修饰的骨髓基质干细胞移植治疗脑出血大鼠比单纯骨髓基质干细胞有更好的神经保护作用。     

脑外源性神经因子基因修饰神经干细胞对脑卒中的神经保护机制

背景：脑外源性神经因子-胶质源性神经营养因子对大脑神经元具有特异性的营养作用,是脑卒中治疗中重要的神经营养因子。 目的：探讨胶质源性神经营养因子基因修饰的神经干细胞对大鼠脑卒中的神经保护作用机制。 方法：构建大鼠胶质源性神经营养因子基因pAdEasy-l-pAdTrackCMV重组体,并对新生大鼠皮质神经干细胞进行分离、培养。利用胶质源性神经营养因子基因重组腺病毒对神经干细胞进行转染,再将细胞悬液注射至暂时性(2 h)大脑中动脉缺血模型大鼠右侧脑室中,同时设单纯神经干细胞组和对照组进行对比。 结果与结论：与神经干细胞移植组比较,联合移植组再灌注2,3周的神经功能缺损评分,再灌注7 d脑缺血损伤面积均显著减小(P < 0.05);不同再灌注时间点缺血区域的神经干细胞数量神经干细胞移植组均显著少于联合移植组(P < 0.05)。再灌注7,14 d,两组Syn,PSD-95蛋白表达均高于对照组(P < 0.05),联合移植组升高较为明显。结果表明,利用经胶质源性神经营养因子基因修饰的神经干细胞治疗大鼠脑卒中可以发挥出较好的神经保护作用,效果略优于单纯神经干细胞治疗。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植脊髓全横断模型大鼠运动和体感诱发电位的评价

背景：临床常用皮质运动诱发电位和皮质体感诱发电位来分别评价脊髓损伤后运动传导路和感觉传导路的损伤或修复情况。 目的：以脊髓诱导电位监测骨髓间充质干细胞移植后急性脊髓完全性损伤大鼠下肢神经功能的变化。 方法：选取健康Wistar大鼠50只,分成5组,即生理盐水组、骨髓间充质干细胞移植组、脑源性神经营养因子修饰组、神经营养素3+骨髓间充质干细胞移植组和假手术组。除假手术组外,其余各组均制作Allen’s脊髓完全性损伤动物模型,造模后各组均行相应治疗。治疗后4,8和12周行大鼠后肢运动功能评分,并于造模后24 h,3,7,14 d行运动和体感诱发电位检测。 结果与结论：运动诱发电位检测结果提示,各治疗组的运动功能均有不同程度的恢复,与生理盐水组间差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05),大鼠后肢BBB评分也证实了各治疗组后肢运动功能明显优于生理盐水组(P < 0.05)。提示经脑源性神经营养因子修饰的骨髓间充质干细胞可移植到脊髓损伤处,可改善大鼠的后肢运动,神经营养素3蛋白有可能提高骨髓间充质干细胞在体内的生存率,促进受损脊髓的轴突再生。     

神经干细胞移植治疗坐骨神经半切断神经病理性疼痛的最佳剂量

背景：有研究表明神经干细胞移植治疗神经病理性疼痛有一定效果,但神经干细胞移植数量对神经病理性疼痛的疗效并不确切。 目的：观察不同数量神经干细胞鞘内注射对坐骨神经半切断大鼠神经病理性疼痛及脊髓背角、背根神经节胶质源性神经营养因子表达的影响。 方法：选取1只孕14-16 d SD大鼠制备神经干细胞悬液,分别以细胞数1×103,1×104,1×105,1×106,1×107经坐骨神经半切断伤模型大鼠鞘内注入30 μL,并设置模型组和假手术组作对照。记录术前1 d,术后1,3,7,14,21 d 机械痛及热痛阈;术后7,21 d免疫组织化学与RT-PCR检测同侧脊髓背角及背根神经节胶质源性神经营养因子的表达。 结果与结论：与假手术组比较,其他各组术后1 d 痛阈下降,术后7,14 d最低(P < 0.05);与模型组比较,术后7 d,随着移植神经干细胞的浓度不断增加,神经干细胞1×104,1×105,1×106,1×107组痛阈逐渐升高,脊髓背角及背根神经节胶质源性神经营养因子表达逐渐上调(P < 0.05);术后21 d,神经干细胞1×105,1×106,1×107组痛阈均与术前差异无显著性意义,但其胶质源性神经营养因子表达在神经干细胞1×105组最高(P < 0.05)。说明鞘内注射神经干细胞能缓解大鼠的神经病理性疼痛,注射剂量以1×105神经干细胞效果最佳。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

骨髓间充质干细胞尾静脉移植脊髓损伤大鼠脑源性神经营养因子及神经生长因子的表达

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞移植对脊髓损伤有治疗作用,但其机制尚不完全清楚。 目的：应用免疫组织化学方法观察骨髓间充质干细胞静脉移植损伤脊髓局部脑源性神经营养因子及神经生长因子的表达,分析骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的作用途径。 方法：运用改良Allen法制备T10脊髓外伤性截瘫大鼠模型,假手术组6只,脊髓损伤组24只随机分为对照组和骨髓间充质干细胞移植组。骨髓间充质干细胞移植组、假手术组接受骨髓间充质干细胞单细胞悬液1 mL(1×10⁶ cells)自大鼠尾静脉缓慢注射移植,对照组静脉注射PBS 1 mL。 结果与结论：脊髓损伤后损伤局部的脑源性神经营养因子、神经生长因子表达增加,骨髓间充质干细胞静脉注射移植后能促进脊髓损伤局部脑源性神经营养因子、神经生长因子更进一步的表达,这可能是促进神经结构及神经功能恢复的因素之一。     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植联合依达拉奉抑制脑梗死后的神经元凋亡

背景：国内外多项研究证实骨髓间充质干细胞移植对脑梗死组织具有一定的神经保护作用。依达拉奉是一种新型强效小分子羟自由基清除剂,可通过清除脑梗死产生的自由基,抑制神经细胞损伤,从而起到脑保护作用。 目的：观察骨髓间充质干细胞移植联合依达拉奉对大鼠脑梗死组织水通道蛋白4、Bcl-2、脑源性神经营养因子表达的影响。 方法：选取Wistar大鼠80只,建立右侧大脑中动脉闭塞模型,随机分为对照组、骨髓间充质干细胞组、依达拉奉组和联合治疗组。建模6 h后通过尾静脉分别注入移植液,对照组注射培养液,骨髓间充质干细胞组注射骨髓间充质干细胞,依达拉奉组给予依达拉奉注射液,联合组同时注入骨髓间充质干细胞和依达拉奉注射液。分别在伤后72 h将大鼠麻醉后断头取脑,应用RT-PCR、Western Blot法检测脑组织中水通道蛋白4、Bcl-2、脑源性神经营养因子基因表达和蛋白合成变化。伤后12,24,36 h取大鼠脑组织以TUNEL法测定细胞凋亡情况。 结果与结论：RT-PCR、Western Blot结果显示,在骨髓间充质干细胞与依达拉奉联合治疗组中,Bcl-2、脑源性神经营养因子的表达明显高于骨髓间充质干细胞组、依达拉奉组及对照组(P < 0.05);而水通道蛋白4的表达低于其余各组(P < 0.05)。TUNEL测定结果显示,联合治疗组中免疫组化呈棕色的凋亡细胞明显少于单独治疗组及对照组。提示骨髓间充质干细胞移植与依达拉奉联合应用治疗大鼠脑梗死,可进一步促进损伤局部脑源性神经营养因子及Bcl-2的表达,对神经细胞凋亡具有明显的抑制作用,同时可下调水通道蛋白4水平,减轻脑水肿程度,二者联合运用的效果明显优于单独治疗组。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

脑源性神经营养因子真核表达载体转染人脐带间充质干细胞

背景：干细胞移植是神经损伤修复领域的研究热点,目前多数研究集中于神经干细胞和骨髓干细胞移植研究,而脐带间充质干细胞相关研究目前国内刚刚起步,后者较前者具有来源广泛,伦理限制少等优势。 目的：构建脑源性神经营养因子真核表达载体,并将其转染至人脐带间充质干细胞中,建立稳定表达脑源性神经营养因子的细胞模型。 方法：应用反转录PCR获得脑源性神经营养因子的基因序列,然后将脑源性神经营养因子的基因序列插入到pcDNAⅢ载体的多克隆位点,构建脑源性神经营养因子蛋白表达载体,并转染脐带间充质干细胞;Western Blot体外检测携带脑源性神经营养因子基因的脐带间充质干细胞的脑源性神经营养因子蛋白表达水平;取培养好的PC12细胞和胎鼠皮质神经元加入含脑源性神经营养因子的脐带间充质干细胞培养基,检测脑源性神经营养因子蛋白的生物活性。 结果与结论：成功构建脑源性神经营养因子真核表达载体,该载体能在脐带间充质干细胞中高水平表达脑源性神经营养因子蛋白,表达的脑源性神经营养因子蛋白体外检测具有生物活性。可见脐带间充质干细胞有可能作为脑源性神经营养因子真核表达载体用于神经损伤修复研究。     

力竭运动后大鼠海马NF-κB、BDNF的表达变化

目的:观察力竭运动后大鼠海马NF-κB、BDNF在不同时间点的表达变化,探讨中枢神经系统的损伤及修复机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠70只,随机分为对照组(n=10)和力竭组(n=60)。力竭组进行6周力竭游泳训练后,选择0、4、8、12、16、24 h等不同时间点取脑,采用免疫组织化学和Western Blot技术观察海马内NF-κB、BDNF的表达变化。结果:(1)Western Blot结果显示:与对照组相比,力竭组海马内NF-κB含量在4 h开始升高(P<0.05),8 h达峰值(P<0.05),12～16 h开始回落(P<0.05),24 h恢复到正常水平(P>0.05)。力竭组海马内BDNF含量12 h及16 h组与对照组比较,BDNF的表达明显升高(P<0.05);(2)免疫组织化学结果显示:与对照组相比,力竭训练后0 h组大鼠海马内NF-κB表达以胞浆表达为主,4 h组核内表达逐渐增多(P<0.05),8 h组达高峰(P<0.05),12～24 h组核内表达逐渐减少(P>0.05)。海马内BDNF免疫阳性神经元则在力竭后24 h内持续表达且高于对照组(P<0.05),并于12 h达峰值(P<0.05),其余力竭各组之间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:(1)大鼠力竭游泳运动可以活化海马内NF-κB信号转导系统,后者可能与运动性脑缺血再灌注时的神经细胞凋亡密切相关;(2)力竭运动可能通过诱导海马内BDNF的表达上调,对抗力竭运动性脑损伤,对神经元起到保护作用。     

原花青素对大负荷运动模型大鼠脾细胞自由基代谢及凋亡蛋白的影响

背景：研究发现,原花青素可以抑制细胞缺氧、复氧损伤过程中的细胞凋亡现象。 目的：观察原花青素对大负荷运动模型大鼠脾细胞自由基代谢及细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Fas、Bax表达的影响。 方法：将48只SD大鼠随机均分为安慰剂组和用药组,给药组灌胃给予原花青素水溶液15 mL/(kg•d),安慰剂组灌胃给予等量蒸馏水,连续给药2周。给药2周后,两组各均分为3个亚组,运动后即刻及运动后24 h组进行一次坡度为-10°、20 m/min的大负荷跑台运动,分别于运动后即刻、运动后24 h处死大鼠,安静组直接处死大鼠,检测脾细胞Bcl-2、Bax、Fas蛋白的表达,以及脾脏组织匀浆液超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛水平。 结果与结论：①超氧化物歧化酶活性：两组组内比较,运动后24 h组<运动后即刻组<安静组;给药组运动后即刻、24 h的酶活性高于安慰剂组对应时相。②丙二醛水平：安慰剂组运动后即刻及24 h的水平均高于安静状态,给药组运动后即刻及24 h的含量均低于安静状态,给药组运动后即刻、24 h的丙二醛水平均低于安慰剂组对应时相(P < 0.01)。③Bcl-2：两组均于运动后即刻升高,于运动后24 h下降,并且给药组运动即刻及24 h的表达高于安慰剂组对应时相(P < 0.01)。④Bax：安慰剂组运动后即刻及24 h的表达高于安静状态(P < 0.01),给药组运动后即刻及24 h的表达低于安静状态(P < 0.01),并且给药组安静、运动后即刻及24 h的表达高于安慰剂组对应时相(P < 0.05,P < 0.01)。⑤Fas：两组组内比较,安静组<运动后24 h组<运动后即刻组;给药组运动即刻及24 h的表达低于安慰剂组对应时相(P < 0.01)。表明原花青素有助于减轻大负荷运动引起的脾脏脂质过氧化损伤,有效减缓自由基引起的运动性疲劳,有效降低脾细胞凋亡程度。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程      

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

The dominant diseases of modernized societies as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate beriberi

About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread $\text{epidemics}$ of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a $\text{panh}$ypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of $\text{substrate}$ beriberi and $\text{substrate}$ pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse $\text{endemic}$ disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for $\text{primates}$. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.     

'Very sore nights and days': the child's experience of illness in early modern England, c.1580-1720

Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.     

Guidelines for the Validation and Use of Immunoassays for Determination of Introduced Proteins in Biotechnology Enhanced Crops and Derived Food Ingredients

Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

Ultracryotomy: development and application (with examples from the yeast cytology) (author's transl)

The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.