肾虚及正常大鼠的正畸致牙根吸收易感性比较及组织内白细胞介素17的表达差异

BACKGROUND: The mechanism underlying orthodontic-induced external root resorption is not yet clear, and it differs individually. Kidney deficiency has been proved to be related to bone diseases which mediated by different cytokines. Interleukin-17 is an important cytokine involved in external root resorption. So figuring out whether kidney deficiency and interleukin-17 are related to root resorption will be helpful for etiological research. OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between kidney deficiency physique, interleukin-17 and root resorption during orthodontic treatment in rats. METHODS: Thirty-six Wistar rats were selected and equivalently randomized into two groups, followed by modeled into kidney deficiency (kidney deficiency group) or injected with normal saline (control group), respectively. Afterwards, the right maxillary of each rat served as an orthodontic force model, and the left maxillary as a non-orthodontic force model. All rats were respectively sacrificed under general anesthesia at the 3, 7 and 14 days after given orthodontic force. Then, the mesial surface of the root of maxillary first molars and the expression level of interleukin-17 were observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Histological observation showed that significantly increasing root resorption in a time-dependent manner could be observed, and there were various absorbed lacunae of osteoclasts on the enamel in the kidney deficiency orthodontic force group. The alveolar bone resorption and widened periodontal membrane appeared in the control orthodontic force group. While no remarkable root and alveolar bone resorptions were found in the other two non-orthodontic force groups. The expression level of interleukin-17 in the kidney deficiency orthodontic force group was higher than that in the control orthodontic force group; the expression level of interleukin-17 in the kidney deficiency non-orthodontic force group was higher than that in the control non-orthodontic force group. In conclusion, kidney deficiency patients are easy to develop root resorption, the mechanism of which is maybe relevant to the upregulation of interleukin-17. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Effects of Glucocorticoids on Subgingival Porphyromonas Gingivalis in Rats with Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy

Objective:This paper aims to investigate the effect of glucocorticoid therapy on porphyromonas gingivalis(P.g)in subgingival plaque of rats with adriamycin-induced nephrotoxicity(ADR),and to realize the correlation between periodontitis nephrotic and glucocorticoid applications.Methods:60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups and normal group,and nephropathy group,30 rats in each group.The rats in the nephropathy group were given 4 mg/kg adriamycin injection via tail vein to establish ADR model at the interval of 2 weeks.After the establishment of ADR model,the rats of the two groups were randomly selected 10 rats to be sacrificed and make the kidney pathological sections.Remaining 40 rats,20 rats in the normal group were randomly divided into control group and glucocorticoids-treated group,10 rats in each group.Nephropathy group were divided into ADR group and ADR+glucocorticoids-treated group,10 rats in each group.Glucocorticoids-treated group and ADR+glucocorticoids-treated group were given methylprednisolone 30 mg/(kg·d)for 10 weeks,control group and ADR group were given equal volume of normal saline.The subgingival plaque of rats was used to detect the detection rate and detection quantity of P.g in samples by using SYBR Green real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)technique.Results:The detection quantity of P.g in ADR+glucocorticoids-treated group was higher than that in other three groups(P0.05),and the detection quantity of P.g in ADR group was higher than those in control group and glucocorticoids-treated group(P0.05).The detection rates of P.g in control group and glucocorticoids-treated group were 40%and 50%respectively.The detection rate of P.g in ADR group and ADR+glucocorticoids-treated group was 90%,which was higher than that in control group and glucocorticoids-treated group(P0.05).Conclusion:The level of P.g in rats was correlated with chronic kidney disease and the application of glucocorticoid,suggesting that the periodontal condition of ADR rats was affected by nephropathy and glucocorticoid therapy.     

Effects of minocycline on the expression of NGF and HSP70 and its neuroprotection role following intracerebral hemorrhage in rats

The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of minocycline (MC) on the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats,and explore the neuroprotective function of MC.Seventy-eight male SD rats were randomly assigned to three groups:the ICH control group (n=36),ICH intervention group (n=36) and sham operation group (n=6).The ICH control group and ICH intervention group were subdivided into 6 subgroups at 1,2,4,5,7 and 14 d after ICH with 6 rats in each subgroup.Type IV collagenase was injected into the basal nuclei to establish the ICH model.All rats showed symptoms of the nervous system after the model was established,and the sympotsm in the ICH control group were more serious than the ICH intervention group.The number of NGF-positive cells and HSP70-positive cells in the ICH intervention group was higher than that of the ICH control group.MC administration by intraperitoneal injection can increase the expression of NGF and HSP70.MC may inhibit the activation of microglia,the inflammatory reaction and factors,matrix metalloproteinases and apoptosis,thus protecting neurons.The change of the expression of NGF and HSP70 may be involved in the pathway of neuroprotection by MC.     

Wistar大鼠咬合创伤模型颌骨与牙周毛细血管的铸型

BACKGROUND: Occlusal trauma, a key factor of occurrence and development of periodontal diseases, has gradually become a hot spot of basic and clinical research. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of occlusal trauma on jaw bone and periodontal capillaries. METHODS: Forty-eight Wistar rats were enrolled and six rats were randomly selected as control group given anesthesia only. The photo-curing material was set at the 1 mm high of right mandibular molar area in 42 rats to simulate early contact inducing occlusal trauma. Periodontal capillary casting was conducted at 3 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after modeling (6 rats per time point); the part of the jaw including teeth and periodontal tissues were isolated, and the casting specimens were observed by scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 3 days and 1 week after modeling, overt inflammatory reaction, slight reduction of vascular networks, and tortuous and thinner capillaries could be found, and alveolar bones had not been absorbed obviously. At 2, 3, and 4 weeks, the alveolar bones were absorbed gradually, and the capillary diameter and density were decreased markedly becoming more tortuous. The jaw bone absorption remained stable with increased capillaries at 6 weeks. Up to 8 weeks, abundant thinner capillaries appeared. These findings suggest that occlusal trauma will give rise to the morphological changes of periodontal capillaries. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程     

Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Metabolic Differences and Potential Biomarkers Screening in Rats with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Objective: To investigate the application of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy in the exploration of metabolic differences and potential biomarkers in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Methods: PCOS model was established by subcutaneous injection of deoxy-epiandrosterone(DHEA) in 30 rats randomly selected from sixty 23-day-old SPF female SD rats and set as PCOS group, and the other 30 rats were subcutaneously injected with oil and set as oil group, PCOS model was successfully...     

实验性根尖周炎模型大鼠核因子?B的表达

BACKGROUND:mRNA expression level of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B) in periapical periodontitis has been shown to be significantly higher than that in normal periapical tissue. OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of NF-?B in rats with periapical periodontitis. METHODS:Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 weeks were enrolled to establish apical periodontitis model at the right mandibular first motar (experimental group), and the left mandibular first motar as normal control group. Five rats were randomly selected at postoperative 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks to make frozen sections of the mandibular tissue. The morphology of the periapical tissue was observed through hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expression level and distribution of NF-?B were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the apical periodontal tissue of the mandibular first molar at the right side had local inflammatory response and spread to peripheral tissues; while there was no pathological changes in the control group. (2) Immunohistochemistry results revealed that NF-?B expression increased from the 1st week to 2nd week after surgery, and then went down at the 3rd week and reached the lowest point at the 4th week; moreover, the expression level at each time exhibited significant differences (P < 0.05). The amount of NF-?B-positive cells in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) These findings suggest that the expression level of NF-?B holds close correlation with the process of periapical periodontitis indicating that NF-?B may participate in the inflammatory reaction of periapical periodontitis.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程     

同种异体来源骨髓间充质干细胞移植可改善衰老心脏的功能

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can secrete a variety of factors in the local lesion, and these factors can promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on the aging heart of rats and to explore the possible mechanism of action. METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: normal blank group, model group and treatment group. Aging models were made in the latter two groups by injection of D-galactose. Rats in the treatment group were given allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell injection, once a week, totally four times. At 1 week after final injection, the heart tissues were sliced into sections to observe the pathological changes using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in the heart tissues. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of p53 mRNA in the heart tissues. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation could improve the pathological morphology of the aging heart. Compared with the model group, the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in the heart tissues was significantly higher in the treatment group (P < 0.05), but the mRNA expression of p53 was lower (P < 0.05). It is speculated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can interact with heart cells to secrete basic fibroblast growth factor and reduce p53 mRNA expression, thereby playing a curative effect on the aging heart.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

The antioxidant melatonin reduces cortical neuronal death after intrastriatal injection of kainate in the rat

 The anti-excitotoxic efficacy of the pineal hormone melatonin was investigated in kainate-injured brains of rats. Kainate (a glutamate-receptor agonist, 2.5 nmol in 1 μl) was directly injected to unilateral striatum. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally 1 h before and 1, 3, and 5 h after intrastriatal kainate injection in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Three days after kainate injection, a significant neuronal damage was found, as determined by Nissl staining and the TUNEL method, not only in the injected striatum, but also in the ipsilateral neighboring cortex. The kainate-induced cortical apoptotic neuronal death was significantly attenuated by treatment with melatonin compared with the vehicle control group. However, no detectable changes were observed in the contralateral side of the brain in either vehicle- or melatonin-treated rats. Moreover, the biochemical results indicated that kainate can indeed induce oxidative stress, such as a decrease in the content of total glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and an increase in the ratio of GSSG/GSH in the striatum and cortex compared with the contralateral brain regions. In the kainate-injected striatum, melatonin did not reduce the oxidative stress, but in the neighborhood of injected area-cortex, kainate-induced oxidative stress was significantly reduced by melatonin. Enhancement of glutathione-peroxidase activity was induced by intrastriatal kainate injection, not only in the cortical area of control and melatonin-treated rats, but also in striatum of control rats. However, a large elevation was found in the melatonin-treated cortex. Taking the morphological and biochemical data together, the present results suggest that melatonin functions as an antioxidant by upregulating the glutathione antioxidative defense system, thereby reducing neuronal death caused by excitotoxicity and preventing the kainate-induced damage from spreading to adjacent brain regions. Received: 16 December 1997 / Accepted: 30 July 1998     

Effects of Gushukang on transforming growth factor beta1 and beta-catenin during molar intrusion in Beagle dogs北大核心

BACKGROUND: Gushukang can effectively promote apoptosis of osteoclasts, increase bone mineral density and bone mineral content, and inhibit bone resorption. However, studies on root resorption are scarce and its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Gushukang on root resorption and expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and β-catenin in Beagle dogs. METHODS: Sixteen Beagle dogs were randomly divided into normal control group (n=4), distilled water group (n=6), and Gushukang group (n=6). Normal control group did not do any treatment. Distilled water group and Gushukang group established Maxillary first molar intrusion models were established in the distilled water and Gushukang groups. After modeling, distilled water and Gushukang groups were intragastrically given distilled water and Gushukang at a dose of 2.1 g/kg body mass respectively. After 6, 9, and 12 weeks of intervention, Beagle dogs were anesthetized to collect root and periodontal tissues of the maxillary first molars. The pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and β-catenin were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The maxillary first molars were obviously intruded over time, especially at the 12th week. The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the number of osteoclasts in molar tissue increased in the distilled water group with the prolongation of loading, accompanied by aggravated bone resorption. The Gushukang group had less resorption of molar root and better ability of bone repair and periodontal tissue remodeling than the distilled water group. The expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and β-catenin in the distilled water group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P < 0.05), while the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and β-catenin in molar tissue of the Gushukang group increased with time, which were significantly higher than those in the distilled water group at the 9th and 12th weeks (P < 0.05). To conclude, Gushukang could regulate transforming growth factor-β1 and β-catenin and promote osteogenic differentiation of molar bone tissue in Beagle dogs. © 2023, Publishing House of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research. All rights reserved.     

富血小板血浆促进牵拉成骨的矿化过程

BACKGROUND: The platelet-rich plasma contains various growth factors that could enhance the regeneration of certain tissues. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of platelet-rich plasma on the mineralization process during distraction osteogenesis in rabbits. METHODS: Thirty-two adult Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 per group). The upper 1/3 tibial osteotomy at the posterior limb was performed in all rabbits, and the 1 cm limb lengthening models were prepared, followed by the local injection of 500 μL platelet-rich plasma at 5, 15 and 25 days. The controls received no treatment. At 37 days after modeling, the rabbits were killed and newly formed callus was removed to undergo hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the frontal X-ray film of tibia was obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lane-Sandhu radiographic scoring showed that the scores in the injection groups at 15 and 25 days after modeling were obviously better than those in the control group and the injection at 5 days after modeling. Lane-Sandhu histological scoring revealed that the scores in the injected groups at 15 and 25 days after modeling were significantly higher than those in the control group and group at 5 days after modeling (P < 0.05), which highest at 25 days. These results suggest that local injection of platelet-rich plasma can promote bone mineralization during distraction osteogenesis effectively, especially in the middle period of distraction osteogenesis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Role of the hormonal status of the father in involution of the thymus in the progeny

This study was aimed at assessing the consequences of the influence of exogenous androgens on the epididymal sperm of fathers for their progeny. A single injection of testosterone or dihydrotestosterone to adult rats caused a transient increase of the level of the corresponding androgen, later leading to augmentation of the androgen-dependent organs and loss of thymus weight. Hyperandrogeny and earlier age-associated involution of the thymus were observed in the male progeny of androgenized males of reproductive age. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 5, pp. 562–564, May, 1996     

Role of noradrenalin in the dorsal hippocampus in the mechanism of the self-stimulation response in rats

Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Reinforcement, A. I. Karaev Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaijan SSR, Baku. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 109, No. 1, pp. 5–6, January, 1990.     

Changes in the structure of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium of the bronchi in Kartagener's syndrome in children

Biopsies of bronchial mucous membrane taken from 4 children with Kartagener's syndrome and 10 children with chronic pneumonia were examined electron microscopically. Structural changes in cilia and apical parts of cells are detected in all patients with Kartagener's syndrome. Cilial changes provoked by chronic inflammatory process are shown. The importance of ultrastructural investigations of bronchial mucous membrane cilia in the understanding of pathogenesis of chronic lung conditions in children is underlined.     

The Beauty of the Network in the Brain and the Origin of the Mind in the Control of Behavior

Behavior is not adequately described as a stimulus-response process. It is initiated by the animal and is generated because of its expected outcome in the future. The outcome can be good or bad for the animal. The brain is in charge of the selection process. This is the basic function of the brain. Taking Drosophila as a study case, this paper discusses initiating activity, several examples of outcome expectations, trying out (the internal search for a suitable behavior), chaining of actions, and the functional roles of chance in action selection. It takes mental processes and states such as goals, intentions, feelings, memories, cognition, and attention as higher levels of behavioral control that have their origin in biological evolution.     

Challenges in the Management of Asthma in the Elderly

Recent literature has emphasized the clinical and socio-epidemiological significance of asthma in the elderly. However, why the disease burden remains high in this group is unclear. Elderly subjects usually have multiple chronic illnesses, and the role played by comorbidities in the context of asthma has been underappreciated. This review aims to summarize the literature associations between comorbidities and asthma in elderly patients. In addition, we discuss patient management issues.     

Role of the time interval in the effect of neurochemical signals in the changes in the ultrastructure of cortical synapses

Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 836–838, July–August, 1991.     

Role of the inferior colliculus in the inhibition of acoustic startle in the rat

Fifteen rats were tested for amplitude reduction of the acoustic startle response using auditory and visual prestimuli. Eight subjects then received large lesions of the inferior colliculus, and the remaining subjects served as normal controls. All animals were reassessed on a post-test identical to the pre-test. In addition, all subjects were tested for latency reduction of startle using auditory prestimuli. There were no significant differences between groups on the pre-test for startle amplitude, visual amplitude reduction, or auditory amplitude reduction, nor did the control group differ significantly on these measures from pre-test to post-test. After surgery, the lesion group displayed a large, significant increase in startle amplitude. Auditory prestimuli were no longer effective in reducing startle amplitude in this group, but visual prestimuli still produced reliable amplitude reduction. Both groups displayed reliable latency reduction to auditory prestimuli; the groups were not significantly different from each other on this measure. These data support the proposition that the inferior colliculus is part of a neural circuit for startle amplitude reduction by auditory prestimuli.