膝关节单髁置换术治疗单侧胫股间隙骨关节炎的临床研究

目的探讨膝关节单髁置换术治疗单室膝关节骨关节炎(OA)的方法和疗效。方法采用单髁置换术治疗26例内侧单室膝关节OA患者,平均年龄58岁(52～76岁)。临床均表现为膝关节内侧间隙疼痛,AhlbackX线分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级。采用HISS评分系统评估术后膝关节的功能,观测膝关节的活动度,摄下肢全长X线片观察下肢的力线(髋膝踝角),观察其并发症。结果术前髋膝踝角为5～10°,术后2周为0～2°;术前屈曲挛缩0～10°,膝关节活动度为100～120°,术后屈曲挛缩0～4°,膝关节活动度为125～135°。术前HISS评分72分,术后2周为98分。26例均获得随访,平均随访时间8.2个月(5～14个月),无感染、假体位置不良及髌股关节疼痛等并发症。结论对于单室膝关节OA,单髁置换具有膝关节功能恢复快、并发症少、创伤小等优点。     

Oxford Ⅲ单髁系统治疗膝关节内侧间室退变的中期疗效

目的评价OxfordⅢ单髁系统治疗膝关节内侧间室退变的中期临床疗效。方法 2008年12月-2010年8月,收治26例(32膝)膝关节内侧间室退变患者,其中11例(14膝)获2年以上随访。男7例(9膝),女4例(5膝);年龄50～74岁,平均62.4岁。左侧6膝,右侧8膝。均为退行性关节炎,病程5～23年,平均11.6年。患者均有明确关节内侧间室负重疼痛和压痛。内侧间室骨性关节炎根据Ahlback分期标准,Ⅱ期4膝,Ⅲ期10膝。膝关节均伴内翻畸形;无主、被动屈伸活动受限。手术取髌内侧旁切口,采用OxfordⅢ单髁系统行膝关节内侧间室单髁置换手术。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后1～3个月5例出现切口下方局部鹅足疼痛症状,给予保守治疗,术后6个月复查症状均消失。术后11例(14膝)均获随访,随访时间24～30个月,平均27.5个月。随访期间无假体松动、移位,对侧间室和髌股关节病变、感染等并发症发生。末次随访时膝关节学会评分系统(KSS)评分、美国西部Ontario与McMaster大学骨关节炎指数评分(WOMAC)评分、膝关节活动度与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。末次随访时股胫角较术前改善(P<0.05),但仍为轻度内翻;胫骨平台内翻角较术前有所增大,但无统计学意义(P>0.05);胫骨内髁后倾角明显较术前减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 OxfordⅢ单髁系统治疗膝关节内侧间室退变中期疗效满意,创伤小、恢复快;远期疗效尚需进一步观察。     

微创单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎的初步临床报告

[目的]探讨微创单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎的初步疗效与手术技术.[方法]回顾性分析2005年5月～2008年12月采用微创单髁置换术治疗45例(48膝)膝关节内侧问室骨性关节炎患者的资料,对患者术前、术后膝关节疼痛及关节活动度进行评估(HSS评分法),测量术后膝关节力线并与术前测量结果比较,分析手术适应证的选择及手术技术.[结果]40例(43膝)术后平均随访24个月(12～40个月),关节内侧间室疼痛症状明显减轻或消失,膝关节活动度达到平均120°(0°～135°),术后力线为平均内翻2°(0°～内翻6°),HSS评分由术前70分(60～82分)增至90分(75～95分),优良率达92%.[结论]微创单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎具有很好的疗效,其关键在于手术适应证的选择和手术技术.     

移动平台单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎

目的评估移动平台单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2011-10—2013—01使用Oxford Phase Ⅲ移动平台单髁系统治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎47例（50膝）．观察术后下肢力线、膝关节活动度和并发症,采用Oxford及AKS评分对手术前后膝关节功能进行评估。结果47例均获得随访,平均随访13（6～21）个月。未发生假体周围感染、假体周围骨折、下肢深静脉血栓、医源性神经血管损伤。2例出现内衬脱位,行翻修术,无感染。术后测量下肢力线平均内翻1．2°。Oxford评分：术前平均（24．6±1．9）分,术后平均（41．3±3．5）分。AKS疼痛评分：术前平均（50．5±3．9）分,术后平均（86．9±4．9）分。AKS功能评分：术前平均（47．0±6．6）分,术后平均（86．4±9．4）分。术后Oxford、AKS评分较术前明显提高,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后无伸直受限,最大屈曲度平均（121．0±6．7）°。结论移动平台单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎短期效果良好,但中远期疗效需进一步随访。     

国产膝关节表面假体的临床应用初步报告

  目的 比较国产T-free膝关节假体与同类进口假体膝关节置换的早期疗效。方法 2008年7月至2009年12月采用国产T-free膝关节表面假体施行膝 关节置换25例35膝,单侧15例、双侧10例;屈曲挛缩19例25膝、内翻畸形11例18膝、外翻畸形4例5膝。膝关节活动度75.11°±27.68°,美国膝关节协会评分系 统（Knee Society Score,KSS）膝评分（17.88±14.37）分,KSS功能评分（21.62±21.27）分。同期同一术者施行的同类进口膝关节假体置换27例39膝做为对 照进行回顾性研究。两组患者年龄、体重指数、随访时间、术前膝关节活动度的差异无统计学意义;术前KSS膝评分及KSS功能评分的差异有统计学意义。结果 国产假体组24例平均随访（14.92±8.32）个月,与进口假体组26例（15.42±9.87）个月的差异无统计学意义。末次随访时国产假体组的膝关节活动度平均 107.53°±18.32°,与进口假体组112.84°±9.76°的差异无统计学意义;KSS膝评分平均（86.71±9.78）分,与进口假体组（86.68±6.01）分的差异无统计 学意义;KSS功能评分平均（65.88±25.01）分,与进口假体组（71.35±16.74）分的差异无统计学意义。国产假体组患者的满意率为95.8%（23/24）。结论 国 产T-free膝关节表面假体与同类进口产品的近期疗效相当。     

微创膝关节单髁置换术治疗合并骨质疏松的内侧间室骨关节炎

目的 探讨骨质疏松对膝关节单髁置换术操作和临床效果的影响.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月~2010年12月采用膝关节单髁置换术治疗老年女性膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎患者47例,其中骨质疏松患者21例,非骨质疏松患者26例.观察切口大小、手术时间、引流量和并发症.采用HSS 评分法对术前、术后膝关节功能进行评估,采用X线摄片对股骨假体力线进行分析.结果 两组患者在切口大小、术后引流量、假体力线上无统计学差异,所有股骨假体大小与股骨髁匹配,骨质疏松组中1例术后X线摄片发现内侧胫骨平台轻度劈裂,但骨折无明显移位,其余患者无感染、脂肪栓塞或下肢深静脉血栓,无假体位置不良.所有患者均获得了完整的随访,术后平均随访24个月(12~60月).末次随访患者膝关节内侧间室疼痛明显减轻,HSS 评分和膝关节活动度明显增加,无假体位置不良、脱位及假体松动等并发症.结论 老年绝经后女性骨关节炎患者中合并骨质疏松十分常见,通过注意手术技巧术中操作避免使用暴力,术后正规抗骨质疏松治疗,单髁膝关节置换术可获得满意的临床效果和股骨假体力线.     

Regional five-year clinical outcomes of 289 consecutive cementless oxford uni-compartmental knee replacements at a non-inventor centre

IntroductionUncemented unicompartmental knee replacement offers a minimally invasive approach, faster rehabilitation and good levels of function, supported by evidence reporting low intra-operative fracture rate and mid-term stability with no implant migration at 5-years. Our aim was to examine the clinical outcomes in 289 consecutive Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (257 patients), five years post-operatively.MethodsA retrospective study of patients treated between 2008 and 2014 in a non-inventor centre by a single surgeon was performed. Patients with anteromedial bone on bone uni-compartmental arthritis were included. Oxford Knee Scores (OKSs) at last follow-up were recorded, intra-operative complications reported with commentary on revision cases.ResultsMean age of patients was 66 years (SD 9.6, 45–88 years). 122 (42%) patients were female and 135 (58%) were male. Patient in our study were ASA 1 (36%), ASA 2 (62%) and ASA 3 (01%). There were no intra-operative complications, particularly tibia fractures during impaction. The average oxford knee score was 40.1 (n = 232, Range 06 to 48, SD 8.46) at an average 6 years and 3 months from surgery, including revised patients. Six patients had their prosthesis revised within five-years of the index surgery. Five-year cumulative implant survival rate was 97.8% (95% CI 97.62 to 97.98, SE 0.09). Indications for revision were: lateral side wear (n = 1); dislocated spacer (n = 4); instability and spacer subluxation (n = 1). Thirteen patients died within five years of surgery Five-year cumulative survival rate was 94.9% (95% CI 94.87 to 94.925, SE 0.013).ConclusionThe proportion of patients requiring revision at five-years is lower than that generally reported for UKR. These findings add support for the use of the cementless oxford UKR outside the design centre.     

Patients prefer a bicruciate-retaining or the medial pivot total knee prosthesis

Four-hundred forty patients underwent staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty using a different prosthesis on each side. Prostheses used were anterior-posterior cruciate-retaining (ACL-PCL), posterior cruciate-retaining (PCL), Medial Pivot (MP), posterior cruciate-substituting (PS), and mobile bearing (MB). At the 2-year evaluation, we asked “Which is your better knee overall?” Responses were as follows: 89.1% preferred the ACL-PCL to the PS and 76.2% preferred the MP to the PS. The ACL-PCL and the MP were preferred equally. The MP was preferred over the PCL by 76.0%, and 61.4% preferred the MP over the MB. The PS and PCL were preferred equally. Range of motion, pain relief, alignment, and stability did not vary significantly by prosthesis used. Patients with bilateral total knee arthroplasties preferred retention of both cruciates with use of the ACL-PCL prosthesis or substituting with an MP prosthesis.     

Total knee arthroplasty using the total condylar III knee prosthesis

Twenty-seven total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) were performed in 24 patients using the total condylar III knee prosthesis (TCP III) and were evaluated clinically and radiographically with a mean follow-up period of 4 years. Eighteen were revision TKAs, and nine were primary knee arthroplasties. Evaluations were made using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scale as well as the Knee Society radiographic evaluation method. Clinical results for all knees were 11% (3 of 27) excellent, 70% (19 of 27) good, 15% (4 of 27) fair, and 4% (1 of 27) poor. The one poor rating resulted from an intraoperative vascular injury. The results showed no statistical difference between revision and primary TKA. After operation, pain relief, range of motion, walking, function, and activity level improved in both the primary and revision patients. Radiolucencies 2 mm or greater in width were found in 6 of the 27 tibial components, in none of the 27 femoral components, and in 1 of the 19 patellar components. Only two tibial implants showed progressive radiolucencies. No correlation was found between the radiographic position of the implants and the clinical results. The authors conclude that the TCP III is a satisfactory choice for TKA in selected knees in which there is significant instability and in which intramedullary fixation is required.     

膝表面置换术在类风湿性膝关节炎和骨性膝关节炎的应用和比较

目的探讨膝关节表面置换术治疗类膝关节风湿性关节炎(RA)和膝关节骨性关节炎(OA)的临床疗效、安全性差异。方法自2010-01—2012-04采用膝关节表面置换术治疗68例(84膝)膝关节疾患,按照疾病类型分为OA组和RA组,对比分析2组手术时间、术中出血量、VAS评分、切口愈合时间、HSS单项评分及总分等。结果术后68例(84膝)获得平均47个月随访,随访期间无人工膝关节假体脱位。OA组手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量及VAS评分显著低于RA组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。OA组术后1个月疼痛和HSS总分显著高于RA组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),OA组术后1年和3年疼痛、功能、活动范围单项评分和HSS总分均显著高于RA组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论OA及RA人工全膝置换术后功能均有一定改善,与OA相比,RA患者术后近中期疗效相对较差,但远期疗效差异有待进一步研究。     

Preliminary results of the sheehan total knee prosthesis

Summary A review of 50 knees in 42 patients operated upon between August, 1973 and November, 1976 is presented. Following initial good results, problems have been encountered with the passage of time. Complications due to design faults, selection, and technical pitfalls are analysed. Patients who have grossly unstable and deformed knees are not suitable for this type of prosthesis. The high density polyethylene central flange in the tibial component is not strong enough to withstand valgus or varus forces. Full correction of valgus, varus, or flexion deformities is essential if late complications are to be avoided. Associated external rotation deformities in grossly valgus knees have to be fully corrected to prevent late dislocation of the patella.Our conclusion is that at present there is a place for both the hinged and hingeless type of prosthesis in total knee replacement.

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Résumé Les auteurs présentent une revue de 50 genoux, chez 42 malades, opérés entre août 1973 et novembre 1976. Après de bons résultats initiaux, sont apparus divers problèmes. Les complications provenant de fautes dans le dessin de la prothèse, dans le choix des malades et du fait d'obstacle techniques sont analysées. Ce type de prothèse ne convient pas aux malades dont les genoux sont très instables et déformés. La crête médiane de polyéthylène à haute densité de la pièce tibiale n'est pas suffisamment forte pour résister aux contraintes en valgus ou en varus. La correction totale du valgus, du varus ou du flessum est essentielle pour éviter les complications tardives. La déformation associée en rotation externe des genoux ayant un important valgus doit être totalement corrigée si l'on veut éviter la survenue d'une luxation de la rotule.En conclusion, à l'heure actuelle, les prothèse avec et sans charnière ont toutes deux une place dans l'arthroplastie totale du genou.

     

Mid-term results of a new cementless hydroxyapatite coated anatomic unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Introduction

We report the mid term results of a cement less HA coated unicompartmental knee prosthesis.

Material and methods

One hundred and fifty-nine Unicompartmental knee arthroplasties were done between 1995 and 2000 with ALPINA^® UNI, a cementless HA coated anatomic prosthesis. One hundred and twenty knees were available for the mid-term follow-up at a mean of 6.5 years.

Results

The mean IKS improved from 87.1 ± 22.1 points preoperatively to 168.2 ± 26.1 at the latest follow-up (P < 0.001). Ninety-four percent of the knees were rated good and excellent. The mean knee flexion has significantly improved from 120° preoperatively to 126° at the latest follow-up (P < 0.001). Ten knees were revised: three for degeneration of osteoarthritis in the opposite compartment of the knee, four for polyethylene insert fracture, one for severe polyethylene wear and two for tibial component loosening. When revision for any reason was defined as the end point, the 5-year Kaplan–Meier survival rate was 95.7% (95% confidence interval, 90.1–98.2%) and when revision due to implant mechanical failure (excluding degeneration of osteoarthritis in the opposite compartment of the knee) was defined as the end point, the 5-year survival rate was 96.6% (95% confidence interval, 91.2–98.7%).

Conclusion

This study confirms the reliability of HA coated unicompartimental knee replacement. With careful indications it seems to be a good alternative to osteotomy of total arthroplasty.     

膝关节单髁置换术治疗严重内侧间室骨性关节炎

[目的]探讨膝关节单髁置换术治疗严重内侧间室骨性关节炎的疗效与手术技术。[方法]回顾性分析2008年5月～2009年6月采用膝关节单髁置换术治疗18例(18膝)严重内侧间室骨性关节炎患者的资料,对患者术前、术后膝关节疼痛及关节活动度进行评估(HSS评分法),并测量术后膝关节力线与术前测量结果比较,分析术前病例的选择及手术技术。[结果]术后平均随访18个月(12～24个月),所有病例术后随访时关节内侧间室负重和静息性疼痛症状明显减轻或消失,膝关节活动度达到平均100°(0°～120°);术后力线为平均内翻2°(0°～内翻5°)。HSS评分由术前68分(60～76分)增至85分(78～90分),优良率达89%。[结论]膝关节单髁置换术治疗严重内侧间室骨性关节炎具有较好的疗效,术前病例选择和术中在C型臂机监视下手术操作至关重要。     

A short-term radiological and clinical comparison between the bi-cruciate and cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty A retrospective case controlled study

PurposeThe aim of this study was to provide a short term comparison in radiological and clinical outcome between Bi-Cruciate Retaining (BCR)- and Cruciate Retaining (CR) Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsThe cohort consists of 122 patients undergoing a TKA with PSI, equally distributed over the BCR- and CR-TKA group. Perioperative conditions were observed and radiological images were analysed pre-, 6-weeks, and 1-year postoperative to quantify alignment differences between BCR- and CR-TKA. Preoperatively predicted templates were compared with the implanted size to determine predictive value. In addition mean range of motion and revision rates were determined in both groups.ResultsNo significant difference was observed in amount of outliers in component alignment between BCR- and CR-TKA. Outliers of the Hip-Knee-Ankle-Axis (HKA-axis) occurred significantly more frequent (P = 0.009) in the BCR-group (37.7%) compared to CR-TKA (18.0%). No clinically relevant differences regarding the predictive sizing of implant components was obtained. No significant differences were observed in revision rates (P = 1.000) and ROM (p = 0.425) between the BCR-groep and CR-group at 2-years FU.ConclusionThis study illustrates that although the HKA-axis was not fully restored, bi-cruciate retaining surgical technique for BCR-TKA is safe and effective with comparable radiological and clinical outcome as CR TKA. Randomized controlled trials with longer follow up on the HKA-axis alignment and clinical parameters are needed to confirm the presented results and should focus on possible cut off values concerning leg axis in order to define in what patients a BCR-TKA can safely be used.Level of evidence IVRetrospective Case Controlled Study.     

国产TC-Dynamic假体全膝关节表面置换的近期疗效

目的评价应用国产后稳定型TC-Dynamic假体行人工膝关节表面置换的临床近期疗效。方法应用国产TCDynamic假体行全膝关节表面置换28例(31膝)。结果患者均获5～17个月随访,按1989年美国膝关节外科学会评分系统评分,膝关节评分平均为83分(术前平均为39分);功能评分平均为85分(术前平均为36分)。结论国产TCDynamic假体设计合理、操作便利、患者功能康复可靠,适宜推广。     

不同程度膝内翻患者初次全膝关节置换术后下肢力线分布与近期临床疗效的关系

目的:探讨不同程度膝内翻畸形患者行初次全膝关节置换术后下肢力线分布与近期临床疗效之间的关系。方法:自2016年12月至2018年3月行初次全膝关节置换术治疗的膝骨性关节炎患者87例(101膝),男21例(25膝),女66例(76膝);年龄51～85(67.6±7.0)岁。根据患者全膝关节置换术后下肢髋膝踝角(hip knee ankle angle,HKA)不同分为4组:中立位组(A组),-3°≤HKA≤3°,50膝;轻度内翻组(B组),3°相似文献   

5- to 16-year follow-up of 54 consecutive lateral unicondylar knee arthroplasties with a fixed-all polyethylene bearing

The clinical and radiographic results of 54 knees (52 patients) with a unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) with fixed-all polyethylene bearing implanted for lateral osteoarthritis were studied at 5- to 16-year follow-up (mean, 100.9 months). Four underwent second surgery: 1 conversion to total knee arthroplasty and 3 received UKA in the medial compartment. The mean International Knee Society knee score was 94.9 points, with a mean range of motion of 132.6° and a mean International Knee Society function score totaling 81.8 points. Implant survival was 98.08% at 10 years. These excellent results suggest that UKA with fixed-all polyethylene bearing is a reliable option for management of isolated lateral knee osteoarthritis.