转化生长因子β1在大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞移植修复梗死心肌中的作用

背景：大量研究显示,骨髓间充质干细胞是通过旁分泌作用,促使移植部位大量肌纤维母细胞聚集,分泌大量胶原蛋白,从而使梗死后心脏得到有利修复,并改善心脏收缩舒张功能。 目的：探讨转化生长因子β1在大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞修复梗死心肌过程中的作用。 方法：①体外实验：模拟心肌梗死后微环境培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,检测其分泌肿瘤坏死因子α、血小板衍生生长因子、转化生长因子β1浓度。②体内实验：将大鼠Brdu标记的骨髓间充质干细胞、转化生长因子β1、PBS分别移植到梗死后心肌内,免疫细胞化学染色、PCR、Wester-blot等方法检测移植后大鼠心肌胶原蛋白Ⅰ、Ⅲ形成的差异。 结果与结论：心肌梗死后微环境下培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞14 d可检测到培养基内有高浓度转化生长因子β1。移植骨髓间充质干细胞、转化生长因子β1大鼠心肌部位可检测到肌纤维母细胞的聚集及胶原蛋白Ⅰ、Ⅲ表达。结果显示大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞移植梗死心肌后,可促进胶原蛋白Ⅰ、Ⅲ的生成,从而改善心脏收缩功能,其中骨髓间充质干细胞所分泌的转化生长因子β1可能发挥重要作用。     

不同方式诱导骨髓间充质干细胞的效果比较

背景：以往大多采用转化生长因子β1诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化,但诱导效果不佳。目的：对比分析骨髓间充质干细胞与关节软骨细胞共培养诱导、转化生长因子β1诱导骨髓间充质干细胞分化为软骨样细胞的效果。方法：获取SD大鼠关节软骨细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞,分别设置1∶2,1∶1,2∶1浓度组,以转化生长因子β1 诱导组为对照。经诱导培养20 d后MTT法检测细胞活力,阿利新蓝比色法检测氨基聚糖含量,Western Blot检测Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达。结果与结论：转化生长因子β1组的吸光度值显著小于软骨细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞1∶1组和软骨细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞2∶1组(P < 0.05)。转化生长因子β1组的氨基聚糖含量和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达显著低于软骨细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞(1∶2,1∶1,2∶1)组。软骨细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞1∶1组与软骨细胞和骨髓间充质干细胞2∶1组之间各指标比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。结果表明关节软骨细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养,可使骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化,且骨髓间充质干细胞对软骨细胞诱导存在饱和现象。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

不同生长因子诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞表型转化的机制

背景：关节软骨损伤后,自身修复能力十分有限,以往医学手段无法对其进行再生修复,利用干细胞治疗软骨损伤彻底扭转了这一局面。 目的：探讨不同生长因子诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞表型的转化机制。 方法：取第5代大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,利用不同的生长因子及生长因子组合对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞进行诱导,分别为TGF-β1组、TGF-β1+IGF-1组、BMP-2+IGF-1组、TGF-β1+BMP-2组、TGF-β1+IGF-1+BMP-2组、空白对照组。诱导后21 d进行阿尔新蓝染色和茜素红染色,RT-PCR检测Ⅱ型胶原mRNA表达。 结果与结论：阿新蓝染色观察可见细胞胞浆与间质存在异染情况,蛋白多糖呈绿色表达,经茜素红染色未见橘红色钙结节。初步推断,骨髓间充质干细胞已分化形成软骨细胞,不表达骨细胞表型。空白对照组Ⅱ型胶原mRNA表达呈阴性。与TGF-β1组比较,BMP-2+IGF-1组Ⅱ型胶原mRNA表达显著偏低,TGF-β1+BMP-2组和TGF-β1+IGF-1+BMP-2组Ⅱ型胶原mRNA表达显著偏高(P < 0.05);且TGF-β1+IGF-1+BMP-2组Ⅱ型胶原mRNA表达显著高于其他各组(P < 0.05)。结果表明,转化生长因子β1具备单独诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨分化的能力,采用胰岛素样生长因子1、骨形态发生蛋白2、转化生长因子β1在诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨分化时具有协同作用,可以发挥出最大的诱导软骨分化效应。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

骨髓间充质干细胞旁分泌作用在组织损伤修复中的研究进展

骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)是参与机体组织损伤修复的主要细胞类型。过去几十年,人们倾向于认为BMSCs的分化替代功能是其参与和促进组织损伤修复的主要方式。近年来,随着研究的深入,学术界提出了一种新的观点:BMSCs的旁分泌功能可能在组织修复中发挥着比分化替代功能更为关键的作用。认识BMSCs旁分泌在组织损伤修复中的作用对阐明BMSCs参与组织损伤修复的作用机制具有重要意义。本文就BMSCs旁分泌功能参与组织损伤修复的最新研究进展做一综述。     

间充质干细胞移植中的旁分泌作用

间充质干细胞是细胞移植和组织工程中理想的种子细胞,然而在移植中发挥治疗作用的具体机制仍然不明确。间充质干细胞可以分泌多种细胞因子和生长因子,促进周围细胞的存活,发挥旁分泌作用。间充质干细胞可以通过调节免疫,促进周围细胞的增殖,抑制凋亡以及促血管生成作用发挥其在细胞移植治疗中的作用。     

淫羊藿联合骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗肾病大鼠的作用

BACKGROUND: A large number of studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with differentiation ability can be used to treat kidney injury. Epimedium has good anti-inflammatory and immune restoration ability. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of epimedium with BMSC transplantation on rat’s kidney disease caused by adriamycin nephrosis. METHODS: Fifty rats were equivalently randomized to receive no treatment in control group, tail vein injection of normal saline plus intragastric injection of normal saline in model group, tail vein injection of BMSCs plus intragastric injection of epimedium decoction in combined group, tail vein injection of BMSCs in BMSCs group, and intragastric injection of epimedium decoction in epimedium group. Rat models of adriamycin nephrosis were made in the latter four groups through tail vein injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride, while rats in the control group were only given the same volume of normal saline. Twenty-four hours after modeling, rats in the latter four groups began to be given the corresponding treatments. Epimedium decoction was given in the combined and epimedium groups at a dose of 1 mL/d, for consecutive 1 week.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, mitigated kidney injury and reduced urinary protein level were found in rats undergoing BMSCs and/or epimedium decoction treatment; the levels of plasma albumin and catalase were significantly increased in the combined group and epimedium group, while the levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and malondialdehyde decreased; the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β1 in the kidney tissues was dramatically declined in the combined group and BMSC group. To conclude, the combined use of epimedium and BMSCs is superior to their use alone in the treatment of kidney disease.     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞体外诱导为肾系膜细胞样细胞

目的证实体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向系膜细胞分化的潜能,探讨其诱导分化的机制。方法将SD大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,体外培养增殖后,用血小板源生长因子（PDGF-BB）进行诱导,7d后检测形态学、系膜细胞标志物及功能学变化。在诱导分化体系中加入ERK阻断剂,检测细胞生长及系膜细胞标志物的表达。结果经PDGF-BB诱导培养7d,细胞逐渐分化为多角形的系膜细胞样细胞,其系膜细胞标志物α-actin及Desmin免疫荧光染色呈阳性,PDGF受体mRNA表达水平显著上调,且对血管紧张素Ⅱ的刺激产生细胞收缩反应。加入ERK阻断剂的抑制分化组细胞,阻断了其系膜细胞标志物mRNA的上调表达。结论在PDGF-BB的诱导作用下,骨髓间充质干细胞分化为系膜细胞样细胞,MAPK/ERK1/2信号途径在此诱导分化机制中发挥了重要作用。     

骨髓间充质干细胞修复急性呼吸窘迫综合征

BACKGROUND:To date little is reported clinically on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of BMSCs in ARDS rats. METHODS:Sixty-three Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into normal control group, model and BMSCs groups (n=21 per group), followed by establishment of ARDS models. After awakening, rats in the model group were given no treatment, while those in the BMSCs group given tail vein injection of fluorouracil-labeled BMSCs. Then, pathological observation of the lung tissue was conducted using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and ELISA method was employed to detect interleukin-1β level in the rat lung tissue homogenates. Repair effects on lung injury were compared between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that inflammation, edema and congestion in the rat lung tissue were vanished gradually, but no consolidation was found in the BMSCs group, while there was visible edema and congestion in the lung tissue of rats in the model group. Compared with the model group, pulmonary edema and interleukin-1β level in the lung tissue were significantly reduced in the BMSCs group (P < 0.05). Therefore, the whole bone marrow culture method is suitable to obtain BMSCs that have desired effects on ARDS in rats. In ARDS rats, due to inhalation of lipopolysaccharide, BMSCs can be directly involved in lung epithelial repair by reducing the release of inflammatory factors.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植联合益母草碱治疗宫腔粘连

BACKGROUND:Increasing evidence has demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation can promote skin, liver and lung repair in animal models; and Leonurus sibiricus L. has the ability of promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effect of BMSC transplantation with leonurine on intrauterine adhesions (IUA) in rabbits and the relevant mechanism of action. METHODS:After modeled using dual injury method, rabbit models of IUA were randomly divided into five groups: sham-operated group (sham), model group (IUA), BMSC transplantation group, leonurine treatment group and combined treatment group (BMSCs+leonurine). Rabbits in the sham group were only given normal saline rinsing after hysterotomy, while those in the latter three groups were correspondingly given intrauterine BMSC transplantation or/and intragastric administration of 4 mg/kg leonurine for 14 days. Morphological changes of the endometrium were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and expression levels of transforming growth factor β protein, Smad3 protein and interferon-γ mRNA were detected using immunohistochemical staining and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the degree of IUA was all significantly improved in the other groups, especially in the combined treatment group. Moreover, BMSC transplantation, leonurine treatment and their combined use all could inhibit IUA-induced increase of transforming growth factor β and Smad3 protein expression and IUA-induced decrease of interferon-γ mRNA level. Importantly, all these alternations were much more pronounced in the combined treatment group. Our results show that the combined use of BMSC transplantation and leonurine treatment can exert a synergistic effect in the improvement of IUA through the transforming growth factor β/Smad3 pathway.     

骨髓间充质干细胞在骨髓增生异常综合征中的研究进展

骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)是以无效造血并伴有向急性髓系白血病(AML)转化的风险为特点的异质性造血系统的恶性肿瘤。骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)的功能异常在疾病的进展和转化中发挥了重要的作用。与正常MSCs相比,MDS患者的MSCs在遗传学、表观遗传学、分化和功能等方面均存在差异,而且骨髓活检中MSCs密度增加是MDS的不良预后因素,其支持正常造血的能力下降,有利于克隆细胞生存并向AML转化。对MDS发病机制关键特点加深认识有助于推进产生新的治疗方式。     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗骨关节炎

BACKGROUND:As the ability of self-renewal, differentiation and migration into damaged tissues, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been widely used in a variety of diseases. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on osteoarthritis in rats. METHODS:Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly assigned into transplantation, model or control group. osteoarthritis models were established in the transplantation and model groups, followed by tail vein injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (5×10⁷/kg) or the same volume of normal saline, respectively. Rats in the control group were subjected to no treatment. Four weeks after injection, levels of CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells in the spleen, interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β1 in serum were detected, and arthritis index and the degree of joint swelling were evaluated as well. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, both arthritis index and degree of joint swelling were increased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05), but these indicators exhibited a remarkable improvement after cell transplantation (P < 0.05). Levels of CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells in the spleen in the three groups were ranked as follows: the transplantation group > the control group > the model group. The levels of interleukin-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α in serum in the transplantation group were lower than those in the model group but higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Highest level of transforming growth factor-β1 was obtained in the transplantation group, followed by the control group and model group (P < 0.05). To conclude, these findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation exert therapeutic effects in osteoarthritis rats by immune and cytokine regulation.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗老年性痴呆模型大鼠的行为学检测

BACKGROUND:More recently, studies have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced in vitro to differentiate into neuron-like cells that are used for in vivo transplantation to repair nerve damage. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on learning and memory ability of senile dementia rats. METHODS:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, stem cell therapy group and model control group. Rats in the latter two groups were used to establish animal models of senile dementia by intracranial injection of β-amyloid 1-40. Three weeks after modeling, rats were given bilateral hippocampal injection of induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell suspension in the stem cell therapy group, whereas no treatment was given in the normal control and model control groups. Morris water maze test was used to detect learning and memory ability of rats, and rat’s brain tissues were detected pathologically using hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After modeling, the escape latency was higher and the cross-platform frequency was lower in the model control group compared with the normal control group. After cell transplantation, the escape latency and cross-platform frequency were gradually shortened and increased with time, respectively. Compared with the model control group, the learning and memory abilities of rats were improved in the stem cell therapy group. The brain tissues were relatively intact in structure and exhibited less cell degeneration and necrosis in the stem cell therapy group compared with the model control group. To conclude, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation exerts certain therapeutic effects on senile dementia by effectively improving the learning and memory ability.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子基因修饰骨髓间充质干细胞移植修复急性肾损伤

BACKGROUND:It has been confirmed that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can promote the growth, proliferation, differentiation and functional expression of most cells derived from neuroderm and mesoderm. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bFGF-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rats with acute kidney injury. METHODS:bFGF genes were transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via an adenovirus vector, and then expression of bFGF in transfected cells was identified using RT-PCR technology. Rat models of acute kidney injury were prepared by clipping bilateral renal pedicles, and then randomized into three groups (n=20): rats were given injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell suspensions via tail vein as negative transfected group, those given injection of bFGF-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell suspensions via tail vein as bFGF-transfected group, and the others given injection of DMEM via tail vein as model group. Four weeks later, levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were detected, expressions of connective tissue growth factor and growth factor in renal tissues were detected by Western blot assay, and morphology of renal tissues was observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:bFGF genes were successfully transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Compared with the model group, the levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were significantly reduced in bFGF-transfected and negative transfected groups, especially in the bFGF-transfected group (P < 0.05), while expressions of connective tissue growth factor and transforming growth factor in renal tissues in bFGF-transfected and negative transfected groups were significantly weakened in these two groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between the bFGF-transfected group and negative transfected group (P > 0.05). Besides, renal tissues necrosis and inflammatory reactions were mitigated in the negative transfected group; renal tubules with normal outlines and no overt necrotic cells could be found in the bFGF-transfected group. These findings show that bFGF-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation plays a better role in acute kidney injury repair in rats.     

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ促进外源性骨髓间充质干细胞表达Cx43的作用及机制

BACKGROUND:Piglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) agonist, has been demonstrated to promote survival and cardiac differentiation of exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to improve cardiac function. In this study, we attempted to investigate whether pioglitazone could induce cardiac differentiation of endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and improve cardiac function, and meanwhile, probed into the relevant mechanisms. OBJECTIVE:To compare the therapeutic efficacy of pioglitazone combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, pioglitazone alone and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and to investigate the relevant mechanisms. METHODS:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats with myocardial infarction induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery were randomized into combined group (combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and pioglitazone), pioglitazone group and PBS group. Two weeks later, PKH26-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in PBS or PBS alone were injected into the local infarct zone in the combined group and the other two groups, respectively. Pioglitazone (3 mg/kg/d) was given by the oral gavage in the combined and pioglitazone groups for continuous 2 weeks after cells transplantation. At 2 weeks after treatment, cardiac functions were evaluated. In addition, expressions of PPAR-γ, connexin 43 and relative factors in transforming growth factor-β1/SMAD signaling pathway were examined in different areas of the left ventricle from each harvested heart. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were no differences in the baseline parameters of cardiac function between the two groups. Two weeks after treatment, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly improved in the combined group compared with the other two groups; the expression of PPAR-γ was significantly increased in different zones of the left ventricle in the combined and pioglitazone groups. In the combined group, there was a significantly higher expression of connexin 43, and the levels of transforming growth factor-β1, SMAD2 and SMAD3 were obviously attenuated in the infarct and marginal zones. However, no differences were found in the above determinants between the pioglitazone and PBS groups. To conclude, pioglitazone cannot induce the differentiation and proliferation of endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, but pioglitazone combined with exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can improve cardiac function post myocardial infarction. In this process, PPAR-γ might promote the connexin 43 expression in exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the blockade of transforming growth factor-β1/SMAD signaling pathway.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对大鼠胃癌前病变模型的修复作用

文章快速阅读：  文题释义：胃癌前病变：指一类容易发生癌变的胃黏膜病理组织学变化,即胃黏膜的异型增生和肠上皮化生,主要伴存于慢性萎缩性胃炎。胃癌的癌前状态包括肠化和不典型增生,肠化指胃黏膜被肠型黏膜所代替。肠化有小肠型和大肠型。大肠型又称不完全肠化,推测其酶系统不健全而使被吸收的致癌物质在局部累积,导致细胞的不典型增生可发生突变成癌。血管内皮生长因子：也称血管通透性因子或促血管素,最初是在多种培养的肿瘤细胞系中发现的一种新型的生长因子,它能增加微血管与小静脉血管的通透性。后来发现,该因子特异性地作用于血管内皮细胞,并促进血管内皮细胞的增殖,所以定名为血管内皮生长因子。   背景：胃癌前病变是多种因素共同参与的长期发展过程,骨髓间充质干细胞有修复组织损伤的作用。目的：探讨骨髓间充质干细胞移植对大鼠胃癌前病变的影响。方法：将36只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和移植组。模型组和移植组建立大鼠胃癌前病变模型,移植组大鼠经尾静脉注射1 mL CM-dil标记的骨髓间充质干细胞(3 ×10⁶个细胞),每周注射1次,一共3次,模型组和对照组同样方法经尾静脉注入等量的生理盐水。末次注射后1周处死大鼠,观察大鼠胃组织病理变化,检测胃黏膜中血管内皮生长因子的表达以及血清中细胞因子含量。结果与结论：①移植组大鼠胃黏膜损伤较模型组轻,移植组血管内皮生长因子表达明显高于模型组和对照组(P < 0.05);②模型组和移植组血清白细胞介素17和γ-干扰素水平高于对照组(P < 0.05),移植组血清白细胞介素17和γ-干扰素水平低于模型组(P < 0.05);③结果表明,骨髓间充质干细胞通过增加胃黏膜病变部位血管内皮生长因子的表达,降低血清白细胞介素17和γ-干扰素水平,从而提高血管通透性,减轻炎症反应,阻断或者缓解癌前病变的发生。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程 ORCID:0000-0002-5298-9207(刘洪锋)     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植修复慢性阻塞性肺病气道损伤

背景：间充质干细胞能够分化为肺实质细胞并参与肺部损伤的修复,为间充质干细胞在慢性阻塞性肺病中的应用提供了新的方法。 目的：观察骨髓间充质干细胞移植对大鼠慢性阻塞性肺病气道损伤的修复作用。 方法：将24只雌性大鼠随机分为4组：①骨髓间充质干细胞移植组(12只)：采用熏烟+脂多糖法建立慢性阻塞性肺病大鼠模型,于造模后第1天经尾静脉输注1 mL CM-Dil标记的骨髓间充质干细胞。②骨髓间充质干细胞对照组(4只)：在第1天和第14天经气管注入生理盐水300 μL,经尾静脉输注1 mL CM-Dil标记的骨髓间充质干细胞。③慢性阻塞性肺病模型组(4只)：采用熏烟+脂多糖法建立慢性阻塞性肺病大鼠模型,于造模后第1天经尾静脉输注1 mL PBS。④健康对照组(4只)：在第1天和第14天经气管注入生理盐水300 μL,经尾静脉输注1 mL PBS。在各组大鼠注射骨髓间充质干细胞后的第1,7,15,30天,进行病理学和血清学检测。 结果与结论：①苏木精-伊红染色结果显示：骨髓间充质干细胞移植组大鼠肺气肿和气道病变较慢性阻塞性肺病模型组轻,但较骨髓间充质干细胞对照组和健康对照组严重。②移植后第1天,骨髓间充质干细胞移植组外周血白细胞总数和中性粒细胞比例高于骨髓间充质干细胞对照组和健康对照组(P < 0.05),随着时间延长,骨髓间充质干细胞移植组白细胞总数和中性粒细胞比例不断降低。③移植后第1天,骨髓间充质干细胞移植组外周血白细胞介素10水平低于骨髓间充质干细胞对照组和健康对照组(P < 0.05),肿瘤坏死因子α和粒细胞集落刺激因子水平高于骨髓间充质干细胞对照组和健康对照组(P < 0.05)。随着移植时间的延长,骨髓间充质干细胞移植组外周血肿瘤坏死因子α水平不断降低,白细胞介素10水平不断升高,粒细胞集落刺激因子水平先升高再降低,其中第7天水平最高。④CM-Dil染色联合免疫组化检测提示,部分 CM-Dil阳性细胞同时CC16表达阳性。结果显示经尾静脉注射骨髓间充质干细胞能够改善慢性阻塞性肺病大鼠的肺部病理损伤,通过分化为气管黏膜上皮细胞以及参与免疫调节对气道进行修复。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

骨髓间充质干细胞在微损伤环境中修复骨不连

背景：骨髓干细胞能够增殖再生,与传统的手术治疗方案结合能明显增强骨不连的治疗效果,具有重要的应用价值。 目的：探讨骨髓间充质干细胞在微损伤环境中对骨不连的治疗效果。 方法：选取清洁级纯种新西兰大白兔40只,采用随机数字表法分为实验组与对照组,每组20只。按照手术操作流程获取胫骨骨髓,分离培养骨髓间充质干细胞,待细胞增殖到第3代够107数量级时,进行超顺磁氧化铁纳米粒子培养标记。在兔前肢桡骨中段约15 mm处造成骨缺损,骨缺损6周发生骨不连。实验组大白兔将骨髓间充质干细胞与髂骨碎粒一起植入骨缺损处。对照组不进行干细胞移植,于骨缺损处植入髂骨碎粒。术后12周内,观察大白兔骨不连部位大体形态、X射线片、病理学染色结果。 结果与结论：实验组术后明显发现骨痂,骨缺损处逐渐修复,直至完全愈合;对照组大白兔骨不连部位没有骨痂,骨髓腔封闭,充填肉芽组织。实验组有增生活跃的软骨组织,碎粒融合,骨缺损处出现类骨质,成骨细胞进行性增加;对照组软骨增生差,有大量死骨,骨粒未融合,没有成骨细胞。实验组桡骨缺损部位X射线显示云雾状影,骨髓腔恢复再通,骨骼塑形好;对照组骨碎粒吸收较少,骨髓腔部分闭塞,骨骼未连接,缺损处硬化。结果显示在局部微损伤环境中,骨髓间充质干细胞能够增殖分化为成骨细胞,修复骨缺损导致的骨不连具有显著效果。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗顺铂致卵巢的化疗性损伤

背景：化疗药物可使处于生育年龄女性患者卵巢功能有不同程度的损伤,重则致卵巢早衰,已成为卵巢早衰发病的一个重要原因。因此,改善和恢复患者卵巢功能,已成为一个重要的课题。 目的：探索骨髓间充质干细胞治疗化疗所致卵巢损伤的可行性及疗效。 方法：建立化疗性卵巢衰竭模型,建模后注射PKH26标记后的骨髓间充质干细胞,于移植细胞后第15,30,45,60天,各取5只大鼠经尾静脉取血测卵泡刺激素、雌二醇水平并处死大鼠,留取右侧卵巢行常规病理切片,光学显微镜下记录卵巢卵泡数量变化。细胞移植后30 d,取2只大鼠与雄鼠合笼,观察生殖能力的差异。 结果与结论：18%(4/22只)大鼠移植干细胞后动情周期能逐渐恢复,卵泡刺激素水平有所下降而雌二醇水平上升,卵巢病理切片提示卵泡数量减少,大鼠生育能力未受损害。结果表明骨髓间充质干细胞可以部分改善化疗后大鼠卵巢功能。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗肺气肿：静脉和气管途径谁更有优势？

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞移植可以抑制肺气肿炎症反应及细胞凋亡,治疗肺功能严重损害已经得到实验证实。目的：探讨不同途径移植骨髓间充质干细胞对实验性肺气肿炎症反应及细胞凋亡的抑制作用。方法：Wistar雌性大鼠随机分对照组、静脉组及气管组,均用烟熏加气管内滴注猪胰弹性蛋白酶法建立肺气肿模型。静脉组和气管组经尾静脉及气管途径移植雄性大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,对照组尾静脉和气管内注射PBS,移植后14 d观察大鼠肺组织病理学变化,检测肺泡壁细胞凋亡指数,支气管肺泡灌洗液肿瘤坏死因子α水平。结果与结论：与对照组相比,静脉组及气管组均能减轻肺气肿病理改变,降低肿瘤坏死因子α水平及凋亡指数,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.01);但是静脉组与气管组比较,肺气肿病理改变、肿瘤坏死因子α水平及凋亡指数差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。结果表明两种途径移植骨髓间充质干细胞对肺气肿均有明显的治疗作用,从方便易行的角度考虑经静脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞治疗肺气肿较为有优势。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：