纳米羟基磷灰石牙体修复材料的生物性能

BACKGROUND:Nanohydroxyapatite composition is similar to that of the natural bone, and because of its characteristics of nanomaterials, it has been widely used in the bone defect repair. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of nanohydroxyapatite composite materials in the repair of alveolar bone defect in animal models by detecting its cytotoxicity. METHODS: (1) In vitro experiment: nanohydroxyapatite extracts with concentrations of 10%, 50%, 100% (or hydroxyapatite leaching extracts) were used to culture periodontal ligament fibroblast-like cells and L-929 cells for 7 days, respectively, followed by cell cytotoxicity analysis. (2) In vivo experiment: 45 adult rabbits were used to make animal models of alveolar bone defects and then were randomized into three groups: experimental group implanted with nanohydroxyapatite, control group with hydroxyapatite, and blank control group with no implant material. New bone formation was observed at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In vitro experiment: after directly cultured with 10%, 50%, 100% nanohydroxyapatite extracts, the cell cytotoxicity was graded 0 to 1, indicating no presence of cytotoxicity. (2) In vivo experiment: in the three groups, the percentage of new bone area accounting for the total visual field was gradually in a rise over time. Moreover, the amount of new bone tissues was higher in the experimental group than the other two groups at different time (P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that the nanohydroxyapatite materials have no cytotoxicity that can be used to promote the repair of alveolar bone defects.     

四甲基偶氮唑盐法评价牙体修复性纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料的体外细胞毒性

背景：越来越多的新型材料被纳入口腔领域应用的视野,对生物材料进行生物相容性评价是进入临床试验前的重点研究内容。 目的：通过体外细胞毒性实验评价自制牙体修复性纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料的生物相容性。 方法：根据ISO标准,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法行体外细胞毒性实验,阴性对照组为DMEM培养液,阳性对照组为含有0.1%苯酚的DMEM培养液,实验组为受试材料的浸提液。测试人牙龈成纤维细胞在牙体修复性纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料浸提液中培养1,3,5 d的吸光度值,观察细胞形态变化,计算细胞相对增殖率,判断细胞毒性的级别。 结果与结论：实验组体外细胞毒性实验吸光度值均与阴性对照组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),与阳性对照组差异有显著性意义(P < 0.01),自制牙体修复性纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料体外细胞毒性级别为0~1级,初步认为其具有良好的生物相容性。     

氧化钇-羟基磷灰石骨修复材料的研究

羟基磷灰石在临床上广泛应用于骨缺损的修复，为提高其骨结合性和阻射性，本研究在合成羟基磷灰石的过程中，将活性高、阻射性强的氧化钇按不同比例加入进行化学合成，得到一种生物。相容性好、阻射性强、价格便宜的生物材料。     

纳米含氟羟基磷灰石牙种植体的生物相容性

背景：有关纳米含氟羟基磷灰石牙种植体材料生物相容性的报道较少。 目的：检测纳米含氟羟基磷灰石牙种植体材料的体外生物相容性。 方法：采用溶胶凝胶技术分别制备羟基磷灰石与纳米含氟羟基磷灰石。①溶血性实验：在0.2 mL稀释兔抗凝血中分别加入0.01,0.15,0.2 g/L纳米含氟羟基磷灰石溶液、生理盐水及蒸馏水各10 mL,检测各组上清液吸光度值。②体外细胞毒性实验：分别以100%,50%纳米含氟羟基磷灰石浸提液、100%羟基磷灰石浸提液、苯酚溶液及RPMI1640培养液培养传至第2代的L929细胞,MTT法检测培养2,4,7 d的吸光度值。 结果与结论：体外溶血性实验显示,各浓度梯度纳米含氟羟基磷灰石的溶血率均在5%以内,符合医用材料的溶血要求。体外细胞毒性实验显示,随着培养时间的增加,100%,50%纳米含氟羟基磷灰石浸提液组细胞贴壁覆盖率增加,细胞密度增高,细胞为长梭形或多角形,细胞增殖及形态与RPMI1640培养液组、羟基磷灰石组无明显差别,细胞毒性为0级。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

复合树脂充填材料修复牙体缺损的应用价值及临床评价

背景：各种复合树脂充填材料已成为牙体缺损修复治疗必不可少的重要材料,与合金修复材料并驾齐驱,但目前复合树脂的耐磨性能尚不够理想。 目的：就近年来研究应用的各种复合树脂充填材料的特点进行总结及对比,为牙体缺损的生物材料和组织工程修补手段提供理论基础。 方法：由第一作者于2010-12应用计算机检索PubMed数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库有关口腔复合树脂材料修复牙体缺损的文献。英文资料的检索时间为1999-01/2010-12,中文资料的检索时间为2000/2010-10;英文检索词为“composite resin,visible-light cured dental,detal adhesive materials,compatibility”,中文检索词为“复合树脂,口腔充填材料,固化性能,生物相容性,口腔修复,纳米材料”。排除较陈旧文献及重复研究。阅读标题和摘要进行筛选,共纳入28篇进行分析。 结果与结论：复合树脂是有机树脂基质经过表面处理的无机填料以及引发体系组合而成的牙体修复材料,作为牙色充填材料,具有可接受的物理机械性能,美观以及操作方便、易于修补等优点,在口腔修复领域使用越来越广泛。但复合树脂也存在聚合收缩、不耐磨、变色等缺点,尤其是其耐磨性能的不足,可导致修复物表面体积减小,以及修复体和边缘的破坏。随着纳米技术在生物医学领域的发展,复合树脂的纳米技术极大地丰富了口腔材料科学的研究领域,有望在牙齿修补领域带来更好的应用前景。     

羟基磷灰石纳米粒子细胞毒性和血液相容性的评价

目的研究羟基磷灰石纳米粒子细胞毒性和血液相容性。方法将羟基磷灰石纳米粒子以不同分散剂、不同终浓度作用于L929细胞,用MTT比色法观察其细胞毒性;用溶血试验检测其血液相容性。结果 MTT实验表明,不同浓度羟基磷灰石纳米粒子作用细胞后,细胞生长受到不同程度的抑制,这一抑制作用随羟基磷灰石纳米粒子浓度的升高而增强,同一样品各个浓度之间存在显著性差异。对于同一浓度,三种纳米粒子细胞毒性大小依次为：HAP3〉HAP2〉HAP1,而三种分散剂对细胞增殖的影响没有显著性差异。溶血试验表明,溶剂肝素钠、聚丙烯酸纳和三种不同浓度的HAP1纳米粒子均无溶血现象,而三种不同浓度的HAP2和HAP3均有溶血现象,HAP2对浓度存在依赖性,HAP3纳米粒子的三种浓度之间无显著性差异。结论羟基磷灰石纳米粒子对L929细胞增殖有抑制作用,血液相容性与不同的分散剂和纳米粒子浓度有关。     

纳米羟基磷灰石/胶原药物载体的制备

以湿法制备出平均粒径为50nm的羟基磷灰石粉体，并采用超声分散，将纳米羟基磷灰石分散在酸溶的胶原稀溶液中。测试结果显示，羟基磷灰石在胶原溶液中形成了稳定的分散体系，该分散体系的稳定性与体系的pH值以及羟基磷灰石和胶原的相对浓度有关。     

纳米羟基磷灰石在基因药物载体中的应用

目的讨论HAP纳米粒子作为药物或基因载体的进展。方法本文主要对HAP纳米粒子作为药物或基因载体的研究现状及他的生物相容性评价作了综述。结果指出了HAP纳米粒子作为药物或基因载体的主要发展趋势及存在的问题。结论药物或基因载体的研究较多,但是尚未找到一种理想的载体材料。作为一种新的药物基因载体,HAP纳米粒子有高的药物吸附量及良好的生物相容性,他有望作为一种新的基因药物载体。     

纳米羟基磷灰石复合聚酰胺66材料修复早期股骨头坏死

背景：纳米羟基磷灰石复合聚酰胺66材料具有良好的材料-细胞界面,拥有三维孔洞网络结构,在植入人体后还可以随着时间的推移逐渐降解。目的：观察纳米羟基磷灰石复合聚酰胺66材料修复早期股骨头坏死的效果。方法：纳入62例早期股骨头坏死患者,其中男32例,女30例,年龄34-51岁,均分为2组治疗,观察组进行纳米羟基磷灰石复合聚酰胺66材料植入联合髓芯减压植骨治疗,对照组进行钽棒置入联合髓芯减压植骨治疗。对比两组治疗后1 d疼痛情况,治疗后随访12个月,对比两组髋关节功能Harris评分。结果与结论：治疗后1 d,两组疼痛目测类比评分比较差异无显著性意义。观察组治疗后3,12个月的髋关节功能Harris评分高于对照组(P < 0.05),两组均未发生与修复材料相关的不良反应。表明利用纳米羟基磷灰石复合聚酰胺66材料修复早期股骨头坏死具有良好的生物相容性,并可促进患者肢体功能恢复。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

纳米羟基磷灰石生物安全性评价与研究进展

国内外大多数研究显示羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性,医学领域的运用中,普通羟基磷灰石的缺点是脆性大,有很多研究显示纳米羟基磷灰石有更高的强度和韧性,纳米羟基磷灰石晶体在形态、尺寸、组成、结构和结晶度上与人骨羟基磷灰石晶体高度类似,因此纳米羟皋磷灰石在医学领域的应用也日益广泛。对纳米羟基磷灰石生物安全性的评价不断取得进展,大量研究认为纳米羟苯磷灰石具备生物安全性,但是作为一种新型生物材料,纳米羟基磷灰石在评价标准方面有一些问题。     

光固化复合树脂修复成人正畸牙冠缺损的可行性

BACKGROUND:Because of good performance, beautiful and permanent color, and certain compressive strength, light-cured composite resin has been widely used in dental restoration. But there are less reports about its usage in adult crown restoration during orthodontic treatment.     

不同复合树脂材料硬度及黏结强度的比较

背景：与传统复合树脂材料相比,大块充填复合树脂材料具有增加光固化深度、降低聚合收缩率、简化临床操作程序等特点,但不同类型大块充填复合树脂材料的性能各异。 目的：分析4种复合树脂材料的硬度及黏结强度。 方法：取大块填充复合树脂Tetric EvoCeram BulkFill、SDR,以及传统复合树脂P60、Z350,检测4种复合树脂材料分别在2,3,4,5 mm光固化深度下的维氏显微硬度,以及4种复合树脂材料与牙本质间的剪切黏结强度。 结果与结论：不同光固化深度下的硬度顺序为：P60复合树脂>Z350复合树脂>Tetric EvoCeram BulkFill复合树脂> SDR复合树脂,4组间比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);Tetric EvoCeram BulkFilll和SDR复合树脂光固化后的硬度未随着固化深度的增加而明显减小。Tetric EvoCream BulkFil和SDR复合树脂的剪切黏结强度显著高于P60和Z350复合树脂(P < 0.05)。表明大块充填树脂材料Tetric EvoCeram BulkFill和SDR的综合机械性能较高,并且具有较高的剪切黏结强度。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

纳米羟基磷灰石/聚酰胺66复合骨髓间充质干细胞阻止股骨骨不连的形成

BACKGROUND: Orthopedists should pay more attentions to nonunion prevention in view of nonunion treatment, that is, active interventions should be taken to avoid bone delayed union and nonunion.     

纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙为可注射骨组织工程支架材料的可行性

背景：前期实验采用仿生学原理制备了可注射性纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙复合材料,但其与骨髓间充质干细胞的生物相容性还不十分清楚。目的：探讨纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙作为注射型骨组织工程支架材料的可行性。方法：将第3代兔骨髓间充质干细胞与可注射纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙支架复合培养,作为实验组;以单纯接种培养的骨髓间充质干细胞为对照组,倒置显微镜下观察细胞生长情况,MTT法检测细胞增殖,扫描电镜观察细胞在材料表面生长与增殖。将纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙支架埋植在家兔背部肌袋内,埋植后2,4,6,8周进行病理学观察。结果与结论：实验组细胞生长、增殖良好,与对照组无明显差异。支架埋植后2周,材料周围有中等量中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和巨细胞浸润,可见小血管与纤维母细胞增生,材料已被炎性细胞分割、围绕散碎;埋植后4周,可见少量淋巴细胞、纤维母细胞聚集,炎症反应进一步消退,肌纤维排列、形态正常;埋植后6周,材料周围炎症反应轻微,组织水肿不明显;埋植后8周,炎症反应基本消退,材料基本降解完成,肌纤维形态基本正常。表明纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖/半水硫酸钙复合物具有良好的细胞相容性和生物降解性,可作为注射型支架材料。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

纳米羟基磷灰石/涂层双相磷酸钙人工骨移植脊柱后外侧融合：组合磁场的辅助作用

BACKGROUND: Autologous bone is considered the main material for spinal fusion, while synthetic materials overcome the shortcomings caused by the autologous bone (complications and limited source) and become the most promising bone graft substitute materials. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) coating and combined magnetic field (CMF) on the biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) transplantation for rabbit posterolateral lumbar fusion. METHODS: Forty-eight rabbits underwent bilateral intertransverse processes fusion at the level of L5-6, and were then randomly divided into six groups: rabbits in group G1 received autologous iliac bone graft and CMF treatment; group G2 was given nano-HA/BCP and CMF treatment; group G3 received BCP and CMF treatment; group G4 received autologous iliac bone graft and placebo; group G5 underwent nano-HA/BCP and placebo; group G6 received BCP and placebo. CMF treatment was performed 30 minutes each day for 8 consecutive weeks beginning at 1 week after surgery. These rabbits were euthanized at 9 weeks after surgery to evaluate spinal fusion effects through palpation, X-ray examination, CT examination, histological analysis (decalcified and undecalcified sections) and biomechanical assessment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The palpation, X-ray and histological examinations showed that there was significant difference in the fusion rate between groups G2 and G6, the highest in the group G2, and the lowest in the group G6 (P < 0.05). The bone ingrowth rate in the group G2 was significantly higher than those in the groups G3, G4 and G6 (P < 0.05). The normalized optical density index of fusion mass and bending stiffness in the group G2 were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P < 0.05). CT and histological observations found that new bone trabecula grew into the biological scaffold, exhibiting osseointegration. Factorial analysis showed that CMF and nano-HA coating could significantly improve the spinal fusion rate, fusion score, bone ingrowth rate and bending stiffness (P < 0.05). In conclusion, CMF combined with nano-HA/BCP for rabbit posterolateral lumbar fusion can significantly ameliorate the fusion rate, which is analogous to the single autologous bone; therefore, it can be used as a new spinal fusion method.     

万古霉素/羟基磷灰石/二氧化钛纳米管的抗菌性能

BACKGROUND: Present studies have proved that titanium coating nanotubes cannot only promote the biological activity of the material itself, but also be used as a drug carrier loading antibiotics and growth factors.     

SonicFill超声树脂对大鼠成牙本质细胞和牙髓微血管的影响

BACKGROUND: The mechanical properties of SonicFill ultrasonic resin are better than those of the traditional light-cured composite resin, but its effect on odontoblasts and dental pulp vessels is unclear.     

丝素蛋白纳米羟基磷灰石复合材料的生物安全性

BACKGROUND: Silk fibroin has excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and unique mechanical properties. Its composite, silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite, can simulate the composition and structure of nature bone tissue, contributing to remedying the insufficient mechanical properties of nano-hydroxyapatites. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biological safety of silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite composites. METHODS: Silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapetite composite biomaterial was synthesized by the coprecipitation method using silk fibroin, calcium chloride and diammonium phosphate as raw materials. According to the demands of International Standard Organization (ISO10993) and Technical Evaluation Standards of Biomedical Materials and Medical Instruments promulgated by Chinese Board of Health (GB/T 16886), experiments of cell toxicity in vitro, acute toxicity and hemolysis were investigated to evaluate the biocompatibility of silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapetite composite. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: L929 cells co-cultured with silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite composite leaching liquor had good cell morphology, metabolism and proliferation. The leaching extract of silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite composite injected into mice intraperitoneally had no significant adverse reactions. And silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite composite extracts caused 2.39% blood hemolysis, less than the international standards 5%. These experimental results on cell toxicity test in vitro, acute toxicity and hemolysis met the demands of ISO10993 and GB/T, which show the biological safety of the silk fibroin/nano-hydroxyapatite composite for clinical application.