干细胞的研究进展

在美国《Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ》杂志评选出的１９９９年度１０大科学进展中，干细胞（ｓｔｅｍ ｃｅｌｌ， ＳＣ）的研究工作格外令人瞩目。这不仅因为在过去短短的一年里，科学家们在干细胞的功能研究方面发表了１０余篇具有里程碑意义的论文，更重要的是，这些突破性进展使得生物学家和医学家们更进一步地认识到：ＳＣ作为一类既有自我更新能力、又有多分化潜能的细胞，具有非常重要的理论研究意义和临床应用价值［１］。这些成果一方面揭示了许多有关细胞生长和发育的基础理论难题；另一方面，可望将其用于创伤修复、神经再生和抗衰老等临床医…     

干细胞移植治疗肝脏疾病的研究进展

背景：干细胞移植治疗肝病是近年来众多学者研究的热点,干细胞移植的基本理论和临床应用研究都取得了很大的进展。 目的：对干细胞移植的理论依据、干细胞来源、移植方式、实验与临床研究、存在问题及前景进行简要综述。 方法：应用计算机检索中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和Pubmed数据库中2001-01/2011-11关于干细胞移植治疗肝病的文章,检索主题词“干细胞,移植,肝脏疾病,肝损伤”或“stem cell,transplantation,hepatic disease, hepatic injury”。初检索到192篇文献,据纳入标准保留31篇进行分析、综述。 结果与结论：干细胞来源充足,容易获取,可以体外增殖培养,干细胞移植操作简单,安全性高,尤其自体干细胞移植可完全避免移植排斥反应。但自体干细胞移植肝脏疾病的安全性和有效性尚无公识,需更长期的观察。     

胚胎神经干细胞移植治疗阿尔茨海默病

BACKGROUND:More recently, stem cell therapy has become an issue of concern. Exogenous neural stem cell transplantation brings new hope for the treatment of nervous system injury by self-replication and differentiation to complement and replace damaged or dead nerve cells. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic efficacy of neural stem cell transplantation on Alzheimer’s disease. METHODS:Thirty APP/PS1 mice with Alzheimer’s disease were randomly assigned into model group, cell solution transplantation group or cell transplantation group (n=10 per group). Another 10 C57BL/6 mice were selected as controls. Embryos of C57BL/6 mice at 18 embryonic days were taken to make neural stem cell suspension followed by transfection using lentiviral vectors carrying GFP gene at different multiplicities of infection (1, 5, 10, 15, 20). Afterwards, GFP-transfected neural stem cells were implanted into the hippocampus of Alzheimer’s disease mice in the cell transplantation group, while the same volume of complete medium was injected into the hippocampus of mice in the cell solution transplantation group. Morris water maze test was performed at 2 weeks after cell transplantation, and brain tissues of mice was taken and detected histologically at 4 weeks after cell transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the escape latency was significantly higher, and the number of crossings over the target quadrant was lower in the other three groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the cell solution transplantation and model groups, in contrast, the escape latency was significantly lower, and the number of crossings over the target quadrant was significantly higher in the cell transplantation group (P < 0.05). Four weeks after transplantation, more intact neurons were found in the cell transplantation group as compared with the model group. These findings indicate that neural stem cell transplantation can improve behavior and morphology performance of mice with Alzheimer’s disease.     

干细胞移植治疗系统性硬化的研究进展

系统性硬化(systemic sclerosis,SSc)的治疗一直是临床上的难题,现有的治疗手段难以满足患者需求。造血干细胞移植(hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,HSCT)在临床上的发展已相对成熟,近年来其在SSc上的临床试验取得了突破进展,但移植相关并发症问题一直有待...     

神经干细胞移植治疗老年痴呆

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cell transplantation has been used to treat a series of brain injury diseases, such as cerebral palsy, but its effect on Alzheimer’s disease is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of neural stem cell transplantation on the behavior and immune regulating system of Alzheimer’s disease rats.  METHODS:Thirty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled to make a postcerebral incision and given hippocampal injection of amanita phalloides acid to establish rat models of Alzheimer’s disease. Another 10 rats were only given hippocampal injection of normal saline after preparation of postcerebral skin incision as sham operation group. Then 32 successful rat models were randomly divided into two groups (n=16 per group): rats in experimental group were administrated hippocamal injection of 5×109/L allogeneic neural stem cell suspension; those in model group were given no injection. Five-day Morris water maze test was conducted at 4 weeks after transplantation. At 1 week after Morris water maze test, levels of interleukin-1 and interleukin-10 in the cerebral homogenate were detected, as well as pathological changes of brain tissues were observed in the three groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the abilities of cognition and memory were significantly higher in the sham operation group (P < 0.01), and the abilities of spatial learning and memory were significantly higher in the experimental group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Levels of interleukin-1 and interleukin-10 in the model group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group (P < 0.01) but significantly lower than those in the experimental group (P < 0.01). Besides, the number of neurons in the model group was obviously less than that in the experimental and sham operation group. These results indicate that neural stem cell transplantation supplements and protects neurons against Alzheimer's disease in rats, thereby significantly improving the learning and memory ability.     

同基因与异基因胚胎肝干细胞移植治疗小鼠肝硬化

背景：胚胎肝干细胞移植免疫相关研究较少,同基因与异基因胚胎肝干细胞移植对小鼠肝硬化的治疗作用,目前尚不清楚。 目的：观察同种同基因与同种异基因胚胎肝干细胞移植对小鼠肝硬化的治疗作用,以及治疗过程中免疫排斥反应发生情况。 方法：采用Ⅳ型胶原酶消化法分离纯化BALB/c与C57BL/6胚胎肝干细胞。104只健康BALB/c小鼠随机分为4 组：正常对照组不予任何处理;肝硬化组、同种同基因移植组、同种异基因移植组腹腔注射四氯化碳石蜡油溶液复制肝硬化模型,16周后分别经其尾静脉注射生理盐水,等量同种同基因胚胎肝干细胞和同种异基因胚胎肝干细胞。在移植4周后比较各组受体小鼠存活情况、肝功能恢复情况、肝纤维化程度、免疫细胞(CD4⁺T、CD8⁺T、NK、NKT)数目及比值、肝脏病理学变化。 结果与结论：同种同基因移植组和同种异基因移植组生存率均为100%,与肝硬化组小鼠存活率67%相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);各组肝功能和肝纤维化指标差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。各组免疫学指标比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。肝脏组织病理学显示肝组织修复：同种异基因移植组>同种同基因移植组>肝硬化组。因此,经尾静脉移植胚胎肝干细胞能提高肝硬化小鼠的生存率、减轻肝细胞坏死程度;同种同基因与同种异基因胚胎肝干细胞移植未发现免疫排斥,对小鼠肝硬化有一定的治疗作用。     

自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗肝硬化的疗效观察

治疗终末期肝病,原位肝移植是最理想的手段,然而供体短缺、手术损伤大、术后的免疫排斥反应以及费用高昂等问题限制了肝移植技术的发展和临床应用。自体骨髓干细胞移植操作简便、有效、侵入性小且并发症少,具有重要的临床意义。我科2009年9月至2011年1月共收治严重肝硬化失代偿期患者8例,经自体骨髓干细胞移植,治疗效果良好     

干细胞移植治疗心肌坏死的基础与临床研究

干细胞治疗心肌坏死是一种新的很有前景的治疗手段,但其机制尚不十分清楚。我国目前临床研究发现干细胞移植可以明显改善急性心肌梗死及梗死后心衰心脏功能,但由于关于干细胞移植的安全性还没有定论,因此还需慎重对待。     

糖原合成酶激酶3β过表达心肌干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死

BACKGROUND:The mechanism and effect of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in the differentiation of cardiac stem cells into cardiomyocytes are still unclear, although GSK-3β is closely related to the life activities of cells. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes of GSK-3β expression in the treatment of myocardial infarction in rats undergoing cardiac stem cell transplantation. METHODS:The isolation and culture of cardiac stem cells were performed in 10 neonatal rats. Lentivirus overexpressing GSK-3β or LacZ (control) was constructed and transferred into cardiac stem cells. Animal model of myocardial infarction was made in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats. Six weeks after model preparation, rat models were assigned into GSK-3β, LacZ or PBS group. GSK-3β or LacZ overexpressing cardiac stem cell solution or PBS in equal volume was injected into the rat myocardium, respectively. Four weeks after transplantation, the cardiac function and myocardial collagen production in rats were detected and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the other two groups, the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher, and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter was significantly lower in the GSK-3β group (P < 0.05). Hydroxyproline content, type I collagen mRNA, and type III collagen mRNA expression were significantly lower in the GSK-3β group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). Findings from Masson staining showed that the content of blue-stained collagen was significantly lower in the GSK-3β group than the LacZ group. Moreover, lowest myocardial infarction size was found in the GSK-3β group (P < 0.05). All these experimental findings show that GSK-3 overexpression plays a positive role in promoting the therapeutic effect of cardiac stem cell transplantation.     

静脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞对心肌病心力衰竭心功能的影响

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can effectively improve decreased cardiac function caused by heart failure, but there is a lack of research about the effect in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on cardiac function in heart failure induced by cardiomyopathies. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on cardiac function in patients with cardiomyopathies accompanied by heart failure. METHODS:Totally 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from 10 rats, and the remaining rats were equivalently randomized into normal, model and stem cell transplantation groups. Then rats in the model and stem cell transplantation groups were given intraperitoneal injection of hydrochloric acid doxorubicin to prepare cardiomyopathy-induced heart failure models. At 7 days after modeling, the stem cell transplantation group was treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through intravenous transplantation, and the model group was treated with equal amount of DMEM medium. Four weeks later, cardiac function of each rat was detected, and the cell survival and differentiation were observed by immunofluorescence method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 4 weeks after transplantation, compared with normal and stem cell transplantation groups, the left ventricular systolic pressure and maximum rise/fall rate of left ventricular pressure were significantly decreased, but the left ventricular end diastolic pressure significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.05). And there was no significant difference between the normal group and the stem cell transplantation group (P > 0.05). High and dense fluorescence intensity was observed in the host myocardium immediately after transplantation. Subsequently, the fluorescence intensity and density decreased at 4 weeks, but the cell migration could be found, and some cells expressed cardiac troponin T. These results show that intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can improve cardiac function in rats with heart failure due to cardiomyopathies. Besides, the transplanted cells can survive in the host, and differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells.     

胎儿脐血间充质干细胞治疗大鼠急性心肌梗死

背景：胎儿脐血间充质干细胞对病变心肌有修复和再生能力,胎儿脐血间充质干细胞移植是治疗心肌梗死的一种新途径。 目的：探讨胎儿脐血间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠心肌梗死的效果。 方法：选取32只大鼠结扎左冠状动脉前降支制作心肌梗死动物模型,随机等分为移植组和梗死组,从胎儿脐血中分离培养脐血间充质干细胞,制备脐血间充质干细胞悬液,对移植组大鼠进行脐血间充质干细胞移植。 结果与结论：胎儿脐血间充质干细胞在体外可以被成功分离培养;与梗死组相比,移植组大鼠心肌梗死边缘区的微血管密度、左室收缩末压、左室内压最大上升和下降速率显著增加(P < 0.05),左室舒张末压显著下降(P < 0.05),心电图情况稍有好转。表明胎儿脐血间充质干细胞治疗心肌梗死大鼠可以促进心肌血管再生,改善心脏功能。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

不同月龄人脐带间充质干细胞移植梗死心肌的血运重建

背景：干细胞移植有利于心肌梗死后的心肌血运重建及改善心功能,HLA-G分子在免疫耐受状态的形成及维持中具有重要作用。 目的：观察不同月龄有HLA-G表达差异的人脐带间充质干细胞移植后对急性心肌梗死兔血运重建的影响。 方法：健康新西兰大白兔30只,随机数字表法分为小月龄细胞移植组、足月龄细胞移植组及对照组。建立兔心肌梗死模型后2周,将小月龄人脐带间充质干细胞和足月人脐带间充质干细胞分别标记BrdU,多点注射心肌梗死的交界区和中心区,对照组注射无血清培养基。 结果与结论：移植后4周,小月龄和足月龄细胞移植组在心肌梗死区均发现有BrdU示踪细胞,且两组梗死区心肌纤维化程度、心肌梗死面积均少于对照组(P < 0.01),两移植组间差异也有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。Ⅷ因子染色见小月龄细胞移植组毛细血管密度高于足月龄细胞移植组(P < 0.01),且两移植组与对照组比较差异也有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。提示HLA-G表达量较高的小月龄脐带间充质干细胞能更好促进梗死区血管新生,改善血运重建,有潜力成为心肌细胞移植的更理想来源。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

人脐血单个核细胞静脉移植联合培哚普利对急性心肌梗死炎症反应的影响

背景：近期报道骨髓间充质干细胞心肌内直接移植联合培哚普利治疗急性心肌梗死大鼠,可改善心肌组织内环境,并增强急性心肌梗死疗效。 目的：观察人脐血单个核细胞静脉移植联合血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂培哚普利对家兔急性心肌梗死心肌组织炎症反应与促炎因子白细胞介素6表达及心功能影响,并探讨联合治疗对急性心肌梗死可能的保护机制。 方法：人脐血单个核细胞取自健康足月分娩产妇脐血。60只健康家兔制备急性心肌梗死模型,建模成功后随机数字表法均分对照组、培哚普利组、单纯移植组和联合治疗组。每组随机选5只家兔分别于移植后1,2,4周超声心动图检测家兔心功能指标左室射血分数及左室短轴缩短率;苏木精-伊红染色光镜观察心肌病理变化和白细胞计数;免疫组化检测心肌组织白细胞介素6蛋白表达量;荧光显微镜观测绿色荧光蛋白阳性细胞。 结果与结论：①与对照组比较,培哚普利组、单纯移植组、联合治疗组治疗后1,2,4周心功能指标左室短轴缩短率及左室射血分数改善(P < 0.05),单纯移植组高于培哚普利组(P < 0.05),联合治疗组改善最显著(P < 0.05)。②与对照组比较,培哚普利组、单纯移植组、联合治疗组治疗后1,2,4周心肌组织白细胞计数及白细胞介素6的表达均显著减低(P < 0.05),且单纯移植组低于培哚普利组(P < 0.05),联合治疗组最低(P < 0.05)。③联合治疗组、单纯移植组治疗后1,2,4周均可见绿色荧光蛋白阳性细胞散在分布于梗死周边区域,且联合治疗组细胞计数多于单纯移植组(P < 0.05)。说明培哚普利联合人脐血单个核细胞静脉移植治疗急性心肌梗死实验动物,能提高移植细胞在心肌组织内存活率,并进一步改善心功能。其机制可能与联合治疗抑制心肌局部炎症反应及促炎因子白细胞介素6水平表达作用增强有关。     

舒芬太尼联合脐血间充质干细胞移植对梗死心肌的保护作用

背景:药物预处理的延迟性保护作用成为近年来预处理领域的研究热点,舒芬太尼是一种非选择性阿片受体激动剂,有明显的心肌保护作用。目的:探讨舒芬太尼预处理联合脐血间充质干细胞移植对心肌梗死后损伤心肌的保护作用。方法:采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支的方式建立大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型(缺血30 min,再灌注180 min),建模后随机分为缺血再灌注组,脐血间充质干细胞组,舒芬太尼+脐血间充质干细胞组,每组30只。缺血再灌注组于缺血再灌注前5 min经腹腔静脉注射1 mL生理盐水,脐血间充质干细胞组经腹腔静脉注射脐血间充质干细胞悬液1 m L,舒芬太尼+脐血间充质干细胞组在此基础上于冠脉阻断前10 min经腹腔静脉注射舒芬太尼10μg/kg,治疗后2周进行相关指标检测。结果与结论:(1)心肌梗死面积:舒芬太尼+脐血间充质干细胞组<脐血间充质干细胞组<缺血再灌注组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);(2)与缺血再灌注组比较,脐血间充质干细胞组血清肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶及肌钙蛋白Ⅰ水平降低,一氧化氮水平增加,与脐血间充质干细胞组比较,舒芬太尼+脐血间充质干细胞组血清肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶及肌钙蛋白I水平明显降低,一氧化氮水平增加更明显,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);(3)Caspase-3蛋白表达:舒芬太尼+脐血间充质干细胞组<脐血间充质干细胞组<缺血再灌注组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);(4)血流动力学指标:与缺血再灌注组比较,脐血间充质干细胞组、舒芬太尼+脐血间充质干细胞组左心室舒张压升高,左心室舒张末压降低,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);(5)与缺血再灌注组比较,脐血间充质干细胞组心肌组织病理学损伤程度减轻,舒芬太尼+脐血间充质干细胞组明显减轻;(6)结果表明,舒芬太尼预处理联合脐血间充质干细胞移植能够减轻大鼠心肌梗死程度,保护损伤的心肌。     

自体骨髓间充质干细胞移植修复无功能心肌的对比

背景：目前有关干细胞技术的临床试验多集中在心肌梗死方面,对原发性心肌病研究尚少,且尚未见到两者对比的相关报道。 目的：比较自体骨髓间充质干细胞经冠状动脉内移植修复缺血及非缺血所致无功能心肌的有效性及安全性。 方法：38例拟行择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的急性心肌梗死患者随机分为对照A组与试验A组,36例扩张型心肌病患者随机分为对照B组与试验B组。对照组与试验组在介入治疗后分别通过大腔导管于相应冠状动脉内注入等量生理盐水与骨髓间充质干细胞。 结果与结论：移植后1个月试验组左室射血分数较移植前和对照组显著升高(P < 0.05);移植后3个月试验组左室射血分数较移植前和对照组明显升高、心肌灌注缺损面积百分比较移植前和对照组明显降低(P < 0.05),而试验组间仅左室射血分数差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);试验A组左室舒张末期内径较移植前、对照A组和试验B组均明显减小(P < 0.05),而试验B组仅较移植前明显降低(P < 0.05)。随访期间恶性心血管事件发生率在试验组和对照组间无显著性差异(P > 0.05)。提示经冠状动脉途径行骨髓间充质干细胞移植对无功能心肌的修复是安全有效的,且对急性心肌梗死的疗效优于扩张型心肌病。     

外周血间充质干细胞移植心肌梗死兔新生血管及心功能的变化

背景：药物治疗和支架置入治疗尚不能修复心肌梗死后已坏死的心肌。 目的：观察外周血间充质干细胞移植治疗对心肌梗死兔新生血管及心功能的影响。 方法：随机抽签法将36只大白兔分为假手术组,间充质干细胞移植组和对照组,结扎兔冠状动脉左室支建立心肌梗死模型。 结果与结论：移植后4周,流式细胞仪分析显示绝大部分间充质干细胞表达CD44,极少量细胞表达CD34和CD45。间充质干细胞移植组梗死心肌组织有移植的间充质干细胞存活,超声心动仪示间充质干细胞移植组左心室射血分数及短轴缩短率明显高于对照组(P < 0.01);左心室收缩末内径和舒张末内径明显小于对照组(P < 0.01)。间充质干细胞移植组心肌纤维化程度、心肌梗死面积均明显小于对照组(P < 0.01)。免疫组织化学染色显示间充质干细胞移植组新生毛细血管密度明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)。提示外周血间充质干细胞移植增加了梗死心肌新生血管密度,改善心脏的功能。     

同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞移植在心肌梗死后心室重建中的作用

BACKGROUND:Myocardial infarction leads to ischemic changes in the myocardium, triggering the emergence of ventricular remodeling, which is an important cause of death. Myocardial infarction is a common disease in the middle-aged and elderly population, but autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from these patients exhibit a weak ability of proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, a positive attempt of allogeneic stem cell transplantation is required in order to obtain better therapeutic outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.   METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from 10 neonatal rats and 10 adult rats were isolated, cultured and identified. Another 40 rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n=10/group): model group, neonatal rat cell transplantation group, adult rat cell transplantation group, or sham group. Animal models of myocardial infarction were made in rats in the all groups except for the sham group in which the rats were given sham operation. Rats in the two cell transplantation groups were given the corresponding cell transplantation. Four weeks postoperatively, heart function of rats was detected in each group, and cardiac tissues were taken to detect changes in collagen formation and blood vessel density in the infarct area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four weeks after surgery, rats in the model group showed significant changes in cardiac function indexes as compared with the other groups (P < 0.05), while compared with the model group, these cardiac function indexes improved in both two cell transplantation groups, but there was no significant difference between the two cell transplantation groups (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the model group, significantly decreased collagen formation and increased blood vessel density were found in both two cell transplantation groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, the vascular density of the infarct area was highest in the sham group (P < 0.05). Experimental results show that both neonatal and adult rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can improve cardiac function of rats, reduce the formation of collagen in the infarct area and delay ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.     

人脐血间充质干细胞移植联合神经节苷脂注射治疗脑性瘫痪

BACKGROUND:In recent years, some studies have demonstrated that ganglioside can promote survival and differentiation of umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of injection of human umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells and ganglioside into rat lateral ventricles on neurological functional recovery from cerebral palsy. METHODS:Totally 60 cerebral palsy neonatal rats were delivered from pregnant rats which were modes were given intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide for 2 successive days on day 17 of gestation. Then those neonatal rats were randomly divided into five groups, including model group (n=10), sham transplantation group (n=10), stem cell transplantation group (n=18), ganglioside group (n=10) and combination group (n=12). Under stereotaxic instrument, umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells or ganglioside were injected into left lateral ventricles of the rat brain, respectively, and the sham transplantation group was given the same volume of phosphate buffered saline. Two rats from the stem cell transplantation group were put to death for immunofluorescence staining at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation, respectively, and two rats in the combination group were killed for immunofluorescence staining at 14 days. Besides, all rats were underwent neurologic evaluation at 28 days after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells could survive, migrate and differentiate, which mainly distributed in the lateral ventricle, hippocampus and cortex. At 14 days after transplantation, positive expressions of BrdU and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the stem cell transplantation group (P < 0.05). In addition, compared with the model group, the holding time significantly prolonged and foot error times significantly decreased in the latter three groups (P < 0.05), as well as in the combination group compared with the stem cell transplantation and ganglioside groups (P < 0.05). These results indicate that umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells and ganglioside can both improve neurological function of rats with cerebral palsy. Given that ganglioside can promote survival and differentiation of umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cells in vivo, the combined transplantation is preferred.     

不同孕周人脐带间充质干细胞移植改善心肌梗死模型心脏功能的比较

BACKGROUND: Stem cells have multi-directional differentiation and self-replication abilities, under certain conditions, which can differentiate into myocardial cells to repair the damaged myocardium. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived at different gestational weeks on infarct size and angiogenesis in the infarct region of experimental rabbits with myocardial infarction. METHODS: Ten full-term umbilical cord samples and 10 umbilical cord samples of aborted fetuses at 10-12 gestation weeks were selected to in vitro isolate umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells that were subjected to BrdU labeling. HLA-G expression was detected in the cells. Thirty white rabbits were selected to make myocardial infarction models, and 2 weeks after modeling, the model rabbits were randomized into aborted cell transplantation group, full-term cell transplantation group and control group (n=10 per group). Then, BrdU-labeled cells were injected correspondingly into the infarct region of rabbits in the two cell transplantation groups. Rabbits in the control group were subjected to an equal volume of serum-free. Four weeks after transplantation, heart function of rabbits was monitored using electrocardiogram, and myocardial tissues were taken to measure infarct size and blood capillary density. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: HLA-G expression was different in different sources of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: high HLA-G expression was found in the aborted umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, and meanwhile, low HLA-G expression was found in the full-term umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Compared with the control group, the left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular ejection fraction of aborted and full-term cell transplantation groups were significantly improved, especially in the aborted cell transplantation group (P < 0.05). BrdU-positive cells were found in the infarct site in both transplantation groups. Compared with the control group, the infarct size and capillary density were improved most significantly in the aborted cell transplantation group followed by the full-term cell transplantation group (P < 0.05). Electrocardiogram findings showed significant improvement in both cell transplantation groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05), especially in the aborted cell transplantation group. These findings indicate that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived at low gestational weeks improve the heart function more significantly than the full-term umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, which have the potential to become a better source of cardiomyocytes for transplantation.     

乌司他丁联合脐带间充质干细胞移植脊髓损伤大鼠后肢运动功能和 运动诱发电位的变化

背景：乌司他丁能减轻炎性反应、清除氧自由基,对中枢神经系统损伤具有保护作用,能有效地提高脊髓损伤后移植细胞的存活率。 目的：观察乌司他丁联合脐带间充质干细胞移植对脊髓损伤大鼠后肢功能的影响。 方法：Wistar大鼠建立脊髓损伤动物模型后随机分成4组：空白对照组尾静脉注射培养液+腹腔注射生理盐水,细胞移植组尾静脉注射脐带间充质干细胞,乌司他丁组腹腔注入乌司他丁,联合组尾静脉注射脐带间充质干细胞,同时腹腔注入乌司他丁。 结果与结论：移植4周后联合组下肢运动功能优于细胞移植组和乌司他丁组(P < 0.05),细胞移植组和乌司他丁组优于空白对照组(P < 0.05)。移植后4周,PKH26标记的阳性细胞数联合移植组多于细胞移植组,细胞移植组多于乌司他丁组和空白对照组(P < 0.01)。移植后8周,联合组大鼠体感诱发电位及运动诱发电位的潜伏期、波幅明显优于其他3组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。提示乌司他丁联合应用脐带间充质干细胞移植可促进脊髓损伤大鼠神经突触的再生,改善其肢体运动功能和电生理功能,其效果优于单独应用乌司他丁或脐带间充质干细胞。