血管性痴呆大鼠海马神经元超微结构的研究

本文采用 2 - VO方法对 Wistar大白鼠制作血管性痴呆模型 ,经 Morris迷宫实验检测其痴呆程度 ,通过透射电镜对轻度、中度和重度痴呆大鼠海马区神经元超微结构进行观察。结果显示 ,不同程度血管性痴呆时海马区神经元可见到不同程度的超微结构改变 ,其特征为神经元皱缩 ,细胞内胞质贫乏 ,核糖体、线粒体和内质网数量减少 ,胞浆内含有大量溶酶体和细胞丝 ,细胞核密度增高 ,有的染色体边聚成块 ,边界不规整 ,核仁与核膜溶解 ,细胞核膜内陷包裹核碎片形成凋亡小体。痴呆程度越重 ,超微结构改变越明显     

大鼠血管性痴呆模型动物中海马神经元凋亡和蛋白表达的研究

目的:观察不同时点分别结扎左、右颈总动脉建立大鼠血管性痴呆模型中海马CA1区神经元凋亡和Bcl-2及Bax蛋白表达的影响,探讨其在血管性痴呆发病过程中的作用。方法:采取间隔3 d分2次结扎双侧颈总动脉建立血管性痴呆模型,术后4周用TUNEL法检测海马CA1区神经元凋亡,用免疫组织化学法检测其Bcl-2及Bax蛋白表达。结果:模型组大鼠海马CA1区可见大量凋亡神经元;模型组Bcl-2及Bax蛋白表达明显增加,与假手术组比较差异均有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论:此血管性痴呆模型大鼠中海马CA1区神经元大量凋亡丢失,可能是导致血管性痴呆的病理基础。     

嗅觉剥夺对成年豚鼠梨状皮质NeuN和CB表达的影响

目的观察嗅觉功能剥夺后对成年豚鼠两侧梨状皮质神经元特异性核蛋白(NeuN)、维生素D依赖性钙结合蛋白(CB)表达的影响。方法将20只豚鼠随机分成两组,通过电烙铁损伤左侧外周鼻孔区建立嗅觉功能剥夺模型,饲养3周和6周之后灌注取材,采用尼氏染色与免疫组织化学技术观察各个时间点豚鼠自身两侧梨状皮质尼氏体、NeuN和CB的表达情况。结果 3周组与6周组嗅觉未剥夺侧梨状皮质尼氏体的密度、CB~+细胞密度均显著高于剥夺侧(P0.05);3周组与6周组嗅觉未剥夺侧梨状皮质NeuN~+细胞密度低于剥夺侧,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论嗅觉功能活动对成年豚鼠梨状皮质神经元的表达有重要作用。     

建立嗅觉剥夺模型观察嗅觉活动调节成年豚鼠梨状皮质神经元的表达

背景：动物实验和临床研究表明在大脑发育的早期进行功能剥夺可能会引起成年期神经和认知功能障碍,但是到目前为止关于嗅觉功能活动是否影响成年豚鼠梨状皮质的神经发生尚无报道。 目的：建立嗅觉剥夺模型观察嗅觉经验对成年豚鼠两侧梨状皮质的微管聚合蛋白、小白蛋白、谷氨酸脱羧酶67以及微管相关蛋白与神经元特异性核蛋白共表达的影响。 方法：将20只成年豚鼠随机平分成2组,建立嗅觉剥夺模型饲养3周和6周之后灌注取材,应用免疫组织化学技术观察各个时间点豚鼠自身两侧梨状皮质微管相关蛋白、小白蛋白和谷氨酸脱羧酶67的分布,免疫荧光观察微管相关蛋白与神经元特异性核蛋白的共表达。 结果与结论：3周和6周组嗅觉未剥夺侧梨状皮质表达的微管相关蛋白、小白蛋白和谷氨酸脱羧酶67阳性细胞数目均明显多于嗅觉剥夺侧梨状皮质,两侧相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);3周组和6周组两侧梨状皮质微管相关蛋白与神经元特异性核蛋白的共表达细胞差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。提示嗅觉经验对成年豚鼠梨状皮质神经元的成熟及分化起着重要促进作用。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程全文链接：     

大鼠嗅球向梨状皮质的纤维投射及其一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的分布

目的观察大鼠嗅球向梨状皮质的纤维投射及嗅球内一氧化氮合酶(NOS)阳性神经元的分布。方法采用还原型尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶(NADPH-d)组织化学法结合辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)逆行追踪技术对20只SD大鼠嗅球向梨状皮质的纤维投射进行逆行追踪观察。结果同侧嗅球僧帽细胞层观察到HRP标记细胞。嗅球内丛层、颗粒细胞层观察到NOS阳性神经元,但未观察到HRP/NOS双标记细胞。结论嗅球僧帽细胞层发出纤维投射到同侧梨状皮质。嗅球内有NO的表达,但嗅球的NOS阳性神经元不投射到梨状皮质。     

体外培养大鼠皮质神经元兴奋性对Agrin表达的影响

本文目的在于观察体外培养神经元在兴奋性改变状况下其Agrin表达的变化,藉以了解Agrin与神经元发育的关系。采用高钾和低钾培养基培养皮质神经元,用免疫组织化学方法观察这些神经元Agrin表达的变化程度。结果表明,与正常组相比,高钾培养的皮质神经元在形态上无明显改变,神经元胞体的大小、突起的长短都与对照组接近;低钾培养神经元也仍能保持正常的形态,未发现明显的形态改变。免疫细胞化学结果提示,在高钾和低钾培养的皮质神经元中Agrin表达都明显增强,但高钾组的表达程度较低钾组为高。结论:神经元培养液中钾离子浓度所致的神经元活动是影响Agrin表达的重要因素。     

电针智三针对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力和血浆同型半胱氨酸表达的影响

目的:探讨电针智三针对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)大鼠学习记忆能力和血浆同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)的影响。方法:将大鼠随机分成假手术组(S组)、VD模型组(M组)、电针组(E组)、尼莫地平组(N组),采用改良Pulsinelli’s四血管闭塞法(four-vessel occlusion,4-VO)建立VD大鼠模型,两个治疗组分别施行电针智三针和尼莫地平治疗,连续20 d。Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠学习记忆能力,放射免疫法测定血浆Hcy含量,制作海马组织病理切片并进行HE染色,观察并比较各组大鼠学习能力、血浆Hcy含量及海马神经元损伤的变化。结果:与VD模型组比较,电针智三针治疗后VD大鼠学习记忆能力显著提高(P<0.05,P<0.01),血浆Hcy含量降低(P<0.05)。结论:电针智三针可改善VD大鼠学习记忆能力,其机理可能与降低血浆Hcy含量、调节脑血流量,改善局部微循环,继而增加海马CA1区神经元数量有关。     

缬沙坦对血管性痴呆大鼠突触素表达的影响

目的 探讨缬沙坦对血管性痴呆大鼠突触素表达的影响。方法 随机将30只大鼠分为对照组、模型组、治疗组，每组10只。采用双侧颈总动脉永久性结扎（2VO）制作血管性痴呆动物模型，术后24h治疗组以缬沙坦（15gm／kg）灌胃，另两组用蒸馏水灌胃，每日一次。术后8周，采用Y型电迷宫观察血管性痴呆大鼠的认知功能，免疫组化法观察突触素的表达情况。结果 治疗组大鼠海马CAI区突触素免疫活性明显高于模型组，认知功能明显优于模型组。结论 缬沙坦改善血管性痴呆大鼠的认知功能可能与其使海马CAI区的突触素表达增加有关。     

高压氧对血管性痴呆大鼠学习,记忆功能的影响

目的：探讨高压氧治疗对血管性痴呆大鼠学习、记忆功能的影响。方法：采用Ｐｕｌｓｉｎｅｌｉ氏血管闭塞改良法建立大鼠血管性痴呆动物模型。用高压氧进行治疗，水迷宫和跳台试验观察痴呆大鼠治疗前后学习、记忆功能的变化。结果：ＨＢＯ１组和ＨＢＯ２组，经过２０次高压氧治疗后，其在水迷宫和跳台试验中的成绩比未治疗组有明显提高。结论：高压氧治疗对血管性痴呆大鼠学习、记忆功能有改善作用。     

美洲大蠊提取物黏糖氨酸对肝纤维化模型大鼠的影响及机制

BACKGROUND:Hepatic fibrosis in chronic liver disease can be reversed. Studies have shown that Periplaneta americana extract has anti-fibrosis effect, and has protective effect on the experimental hepatic fibrosis rats. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Periplaneta americana extract sticky sugar amino acid on hepatic fibrosis, and to primarily explore the mechanism of sticky sugar amino acid against hepatic fibrosis. METHODS:Rat models of immune hepatic fibrosis were induced by pig serum and intragastrically administered 0.5, 0.25, 0.10 g/kg sticky sugar amino acid. Four indexes of hepatic fibrosis were detected by radioimmunoassay. Immunohistochemical staining was used to measure transforming growth factor beta 1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase protein expression intensity and positive cell rate, to determine the correlation of different concentrations of sticky sugar amino acid, transformation growth factor beta 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The Periplaneta americana extract sticky sugar amino acid reduced the levels of laminin, type III procollagen, type IV collagen and hyaluronidase (P < 0.01) and reduced the expression of transformation growth factor beta 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 in liver tissue (P < 0.01). (2) Sticky sugar amino acid concentration and transformation growth factor beta 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 protein expression showed a significant negative correlation (| r | > 0.9). (3) Results confirmed that the Periplaneta americana extract sticky sugar amino acid can change the reversal of hepatic fibrosis. Its mechanism of action is associated with expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 inhibited by sticky sugar amino acids.     

MCAO拟血管性痴呆大鼠模型的建立

目的:建立根据线栓法所致脑缺血再灌损伤模型制备方法改良的大脑中动脉梗塞(MCAO)拟血管性痴呆大鼠模型。方法:对ZeaLonga和Nagasawa法加以改进, 采用同侧颈总动脉永久结扎线栓法制备MCAO大鼠模型, 2h后实现大脑中动脉再灌。利用Morris水迷宫检测模型大鼠空间学习记忆能力, 利用组织学技术检测模型大鼠脑组织病理改变。结果:造模1个月后MCAO模型大鼠进行Morris水迷宫定位航行试验第4d的逃避潜伏期和第5d的逃避潜伏期分别显著长于正常组和假手术组, P值均小于0.05;第4d的游泳路径和第5d的游泳路径分别较正常组和假手术组显著延长, P值均小于0.05;病理组织观察结果显示, 模型大鼠大脑中动脉供血区存在明确显著的缺血坏死病灶, 而同时海马CA1区神经细胞结构排列紊乱、稀疏, 细胞数明显较少。结论:经改良后的大脑中动脉梗塞血管性痴呆大鼠模型是进行血管性痴呆病理机制及其药物疗效评价的理想动物模型。     

培哚普利对维甲酸所致骨质疏松模型大鼠骨代谢的影响

BACKGROUND: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system existed in bone tissue. Recent studies on antihypertensive drugs found that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor type antihypertensive drug was possibly effective for osteoporosis. Perindopril is one of the commonly used antihypertensive drugs. Whether perindopril affected bone metabolism or could be used in anti-osteoporosis has not been reported.     

玻璃体腔注射促红细胞生成素保护糖尿病视网膜病变模型大鼠的视神经作用

BACKGROUND: Diabetes can lead to many complications. Of them, retinopathy is a common type. To explore the effect of erythropoietin in diabetic retinopathy, it is necessary to establish an animal model of similar pathologic features and high reproducibility in clinical retinal neovascularization.     

羰基硫对肢体缺血再灌注致急性肺损伤大鼠模型的作用

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found that endogenous gaseous signaling molecules such as NO, CO, H₂S and SO₂ play an important role in acute lung injury; there also have other gases participation, such as carbonyl sulfide.     

运动干预对胰岛素抵抗模型大鼠血清相关因子及免疫能力的影响

BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetic patients suffered from different levels of insulin resistance and insulin secretion defects. Retinol binding protein 4 is a fat derived factor found in the blood and is considered to be an important target for the treatment of visceral obesity and insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE:To observe the level of serum inflammatory cytokines and the changes of immune function in insulin resistance model rats after swimming. METHODS:A total of 28 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rat models were randomly divided into swimming group and rest group. Rat received intraperitoneal injection with 3 μg/g recombinant serum retinol binding protein 4, twice a day, with an interval of 12 hours, for 6 weeks. At 6 weeks after administration, rats in the swimming group were subjected to swimming without loading for 6 weeks, 60 minutes per day. Serum retinol binding protein 4 levels were measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance index) was assessed with homeostasis model assessment. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling method was used to mark the apoptotic cells in rat thymus. ELISA was used to detect serum interleukin-6 expression. ABC-ELISA was used to test Level of serum granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor. S-P One Step Method was used to test CD4 and CD8 activities in blood. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Interleukin-6 and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor were significantly positively associated with insulin resistance index. The increase in insulin resistance index would induce the increase in the levels of serum inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, but exercises could decrease above levels. Thymus index, CD4, and CD4/CD8 were negatively associated with insulin resistance index. These results indicate that exercise intervention effectively improved immunity function of rats with insulin resistance and reduced insulin resistance index.     

动脉粥样硬化模型大鼠主动脉Rho激酶及相关细胞因子表达与益气活血方的干预

BACKGROUND: Representative formulae of Qi-Benefiting and Blood-Activating Chinese medicinal herbs Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang (BYHWT) can improve microcirculation and hypoxia, decrease fibrinogen, resist platelet aggregation, reduce blood lipid, dilate blood vessel, resist thrombosis, and reduce neonatal plaque rupture, and has a multi-target, multi-channel anti-atherosclerotic effect.      

酒精性股骨头缺血坏死大鼠模型的制备

BACKGROUND:The relationship between long-term heavy drinking and alcohol-induced necrosis of the femoral head has long been clear, but the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced necrosis of the femoral head is currently not fully understood. OBJECTIVE:To establish a rat model of alcohol-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head and to study its pathogenesis. METHODS:Eighty Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (40 rats per group). Rats in the experimental group were intragastrically administered strong wine 10 mL/kg, once a day, for 6 consecutive days. Rats in the control group were given physiological saline 10 mL/kg, once a day, for 6 consecutive days. Bilateral femoral heads were randomly collected from six rats every month for histomorphological observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Osteonecrosis: in the experimental group, at 3 months, trabecular bone became thin, arranged disorderly, and the number of empty lacuna began to increase. At 6 months, typical osteonecrosis appeared, and vacant lacunaes increased significantly. In the control group, trabecular bone was complete and neatly arranged. Osteocytes were visible in bone lacuna, and normal morphology of cells was seen. (2) Injury of blood vessels: in the experimental group, at 3 months, micro-intimal hyperplasia was observed. Elastic fibers of partial vascular endothelium were reduced. Elastic fiber and middle-layer smooth muscle breakage and proliferation were found. At 6 months, above manifestations were more remarkable. In the control group, arteriole film was not thickened, and vessel wall was normal. (3) Formation of microthrombus, in the experimental group, the number of microthrombus was increased at 3 months, and became significant at 6 months. In the control group, the number of microthrombus was not altered. (4) Results indicated that chronic alcohol intake can lead to microvascular endothelial injury in the rat femoral head. Abnormal blood microcirculation was detected in local region, and resulted in avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The degree of necrosis was associated with alcohol intake.     

胡椒碱对牙周炎模型牙槽骨和胶原的保护

BACKGROUND: Piperine in models of pancreatitis, gout, middle cerebral artery infarction has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune regulatory effects, but its effects on periodontitis model are not clear.     

低强度脉冲超声干预膝关节炎模型兔软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原和基质金属蛋白酶13的表达

BACKGROUND: Low intensity pulsed ultrasound is safe, non-invasive, and has strong penetration. In recent years, more and more studies have indicated that low intensity pulsed ultrasound has important role in promoting the repair of damaged articular cartilage.