骨髓干细胞的鉴定技术

背景：科研中常用到单一特定的干细胞,但如何证明所提取的细胞是必需细胞就要用到鉴定技术。 目的：介绍分离后的骨髓间充质干细胞和骨髓造血干细胞鉴定技术。 方法：由第一作者检索1998年1月至2010年12月PubMed数据及维普数据库有关骨髓间充质干细胞及骨髓造血干细胞的鉴定的文献。英文检索词为“Bone marrow stem cell,bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells ,Identification”;中文检索词为“骨髓造血干细胞;骨髓间充质干细胞;鉴定”。排除重复性研究,31篇进行归纳总结。 结果与结论：目前没有特定的某一种表面标记物能作为鉴定骨髓间充质干细胞的“金标准”,可从3方面对其进行检测：细胞形态和培养特性;细胞标记分子;多种分化潜能。一般认为细胞呈类纤维细胞形态、培养可以贴壁分裂增生具有表面CD44、CD29的细胞,而不表达CD34、CD45等阴性标记物,可初步判断为间充质干细胞。目前真正的造血干细胞表型尚难以确定。造血干细胞的检测主要方法有脾克隆形成法、外克隆形成法及流式细胞测量法等。     

骨髓基质干细胞与癫痫细胞凋亡的相关性

BACKGROUND:There is a close relationship between epilepsy and apoptosis. The appearance of epilepsy can lead to the loss of neurons in the hippocampus, triggering a series of programmed cell death. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone marrow stromal stem cell transplantation on apoptosis in epilepsy. METHODS:After modeled to be of epilepsy 45, Sprague-Dawley model rats were randomly divided into three groups, followed by given no intervention (moldel group), normal saline (normal saline group) or bone marrow stromal stem cell transplantation (transplantation group). At 1, 2 and 4 weeks after modeling, the number of Bax-positive cells, Bcl-2-positive cells and Bax/Bcl-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of Bax-positive cells, Bcl-2-positive cells and Bax/Bcl-2 presented no obvious changes in the normal saline group at different time points. However, the number of Bax-positive cells and Bax/Bcl-2 in the transplantation group was significantly decreased, while the number of Bcl-2-positive cells significantly increased compared with the other two groups at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). Moreover, the above indicators varied significantly in the transplantation group at different time points after modeling (P < 0.05). These results show that bone marrow stromal stem cell transplantation can affect the apoptosis and effectively reduce the apoptosis in rats with epilepsy by up-regulating the number of Bax-positive cells and down-regulating the number of Bcl-2-positive cells.     

细胞传代对骨髓间充质干细胞向神经干细胞分化的影响

BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether serial cell passage in vitro influences the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neural stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of cell passage on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neural stem cells. METHODS:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured by the whole bone marrow adherence method. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at passages 3, 6, 9, 12 were incubated in serum-free medium. After culture for 7 and 14 days, cell biological characterization was observed and differenitaiton ability into neural stem cells was observed by detecting Nestin expression in cells using flow cytometry. Then, the cells were further induced to differentiate and cell multipotential differentiation capacity was detected by measurement of nerve enolase and glial acidic protein expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under induction, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at different passages were all differentiated into Nestin-positive neural stem cells. However, there was a significant difference in differentiation proportion of cells at different passages (P < 0.05). Strongest differentiation ability was found in the passage 6 cells, with the Nestin expression up to (93.7±2.3)% at 7 days of induction and (96.2±1.8)% at 14 days of induction. The proportion of differentiated cells at passages 6 and 9 was signfiicantly higher than that at passages 3 and 12. Moreover, adherent cells were positive for nerve enolase and glial acidic protein. All these findings indicate that the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neural stem cells is correlated with cell passage. Cells at lower or higher passages are both detrimental to cell differentiation.     

大鼠骨髓间质干细胞定向分化的心肌细胞间形成闰盘样结构

目的：建立大鼠骨髓间质干细胞（BMMSCs）定向分化为心肌细胞的模型，了解细胞间藕联情况。方法： 采用贴壁筛选法分离BMMSCs，体外扩增，5-氮胞苷(5-aza)定向诱导第2代BMMSCs分化为心肌细胞，取继续培养1周、2周、3周的细胞进行免疫细胞化学染色，鉴定横纹肌肌动蛋白和闰盘样结构的存在。结果： 5-aza处理后1周、2周、3周均可见横纹肌肌动蛋白染色阳性细胞。5-aza处理后1周及2周连结蛋白43在部分细胞上表达:呈核周散在分布的棕黄色颗粒，5-aza处理后3周连结蛋白43 在细胞密度大的区域呈核周聚集成线形分布的棕黄色颗粒，个别细胞间可见此结构,类似正常心肌的闰盘结构。结论： 骨髓间质干细胞分化为心肌细胞过程中，随培养时间延长及细胞密度增加逐渐形成闰盘样结构。     

自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗肝硬化的疗效观察

治疗终末期肝病,原位肝移植是最理想的手段,然而供体短缺、手术损伤大、术后的免疫排斥反应以及费用高昂等问题限制了肝移植技术的发展和临床应用。自体骨髓干细胞移植操作简便、有效、侵入性小且并发症少,具有重要的临床意义。我科2009年9月至2011年1月共收治严重肝硬化失代偿期患者8例,经自体骨髓干细胞移植,治疗效果良好     

人骨髓间质干细胞体外扩增和向内皮细胞定向诱导分化的研究

目的：体外分离、扩增成人骨髓间质干细胞（MSCs）和向内皮细胞（ECs）定向诱导分化，开辟心血管组织工程种子细胞的新来源。 方法： 采用Percoll(1 073 g/L)从正常成人骨髓中分离出MSCs，纯化和扩增后流式细胞仪鉴定其纯度；用血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)诱导MSCs向ECs分化，Ⅷ因子(vWF)免疫组化和透射电镜(TEM)鉴定细胞性质。 结果： 5.0×105个MSCs在体外扩增15代后，获得8.0×1012个MSCs，扩增了约1.6×107倍；MSCs在加入VEGF诱导培养大约14-21 d，80%-90%的诱导细胞对Ⅷ因子相关抗原呈阳性反应；TEM可观察到胞浆内有Weible-palade小体，证实为ECs。 结论： 成人骨髓MSCs在体外具有定向诱导分化为ECs的潜能，这为心脏组织工程瓣体外构建, 尤其是在小儿先天性心脏病组织工程研究中种子细胞的来源提供了可能性。     

在复合成分培养基中骨髓间充质干细胞的诱导成骨

背景：研究显示骨质疏松多伴有成骨细胞的减少,成骨细胞替代疗法成为治疗骨质疏松症的新靶点。 目的：观察人骨髓间充质干细胞在含地塞米松、维生素C及β-甘油磷酸钠培养基中向成骨细胞分化的能力。 方法：采用人淋巴细胞分离液从成人骨髓血中分离纯化间充质干细胞,应用流式细胞仪检测其表面标志物的活性,透射电镜观察骨髓间充质干细胞的超微结构;将骨髓间充质干细胞在含有地塞米松、维生素C与β-甘油磷酸钠的成骨诱导培养基中诱导分化, RT-PCR检测骨髓间充质干细胞成骨诱导后骨形态发生蛋白2 mRNA的表达情况。 结果与结论：培养2周后可见细胞呈成纤维状生长,强表达CD44,CD29,不表达CD34,CD45,具有向成骨细胞诱导分化的潜能,茜素红及碱性磷酸酶染色阳性,骨形态发生蛋白2 mRNA表达阳性,说明人骨髓间充质干细胞在含地塞米松、维生素C及β-甘油磷酸钠培养基中可向成骨细胞诱导分化,具有治疗骨质疏松症的潜能。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

内源骨髓间充质干细胞在心肌梗死后的迁移、归巢与分化

背景：目前的大多数研究主要集中在移植外源干细胞来源的心肌细胞对受损心肌进行修复与再生,而有关内源干细胞迁移、归巢及分化的研究比较少。 目的：观察内源骨髓间充质干细胞在心肌梗死后迁移、归巢以及分化情况。 方法：成年雌性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为2组：心肌梗死组(n=4)小鼠建立骨髓重建模型,于骨髓重建4周后行冠状动脉左前降支结扎术建立急性心肌梗死模型,1周后处死;对照组(n=3)小鼠进行单纯骨髓重建,于骨髓重建4周后处死。取心脏组织,采用免疫荧光染色检测心肌特异性蛋白Troponin Ⅰ的表达,观察心肌梗死后表达绿色荧光蛋白的骨髓间充质干细胞在心肌组织中的分布、分化情况。 结果与结论：骨髓重建小鼠心肌梗死组与对照组均可见到发绿色荧光的骨髓间充质干细胞,心肌梗死组骨髓间充质干细胞数量比对照组明显增多。两组切片均可见部分骨髓间充质干细胞呈GFP、Troponin Ⅰ和PI三阳性,心肌梗死组三阳性的细胞比对照组明显增多,表明心肌梗死后内源骨髓间充质干细胞能迁移、归巢到受损的心肌组织并获得心肌分化表型。     

颅骨来源骨髓基质干细胞的分离培养方法

背景：从小鼠颅骨提取的一类骨髓基质干细胞称为PA6细胞,研究者发现当PA6细胞与其他干细胞共培养时可向神经细胞分化,此特性可被应用于神经损伤部位的修复。所以,PA6细胞越来越受到研究者的关注,但目前国内对类似骨髓基质干细胞PA6的提取方法鲜见报道。 目的：分离培养SD大鼠颅骨来源的骨髓基质干细胞,体外观察细胞形态并免疫荧光鉴定。 方法：无菌条件下,取新生的SD大鼠颅骨将其剪碎,用含体积分数为10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养液冲洗颅骨碎片,反复吹打制成单细胞悬液,将其置于培养瓶中培养,多次换液培养纯化细胞。取第2代生长均一的细胞,倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态,并用免疫荧光染色法进行细胞表面标记鉴定。 结果与结论：原代细胞培养24 h后,骨髓基质干细胞开始贴壁;3 d后细胞数量增多,形态呈不规则形、多角形、三角形和扁平形;细胞传代后,形态基本均一,细胞排列呈放射状和束状,贴壁能力较强,部分细胞呈聚集生长,增殖速度比原代有明显的加快。免疫荧光染色检测CD105、CD73、CD44、CD90表达呈阳性,CD45、CD34、CD14和HLA-DR表达呈阴性,证实了提取的细胞为骨髓基质干细胞。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

芒果苷对缺氧损伤骨髓间充质干细胞的保护作用

背景：研究表明骨髓间充质干细胞移植在临床治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而,移植细胞的死亡限制了组织再生,寻找新的抗自由基和保护骨髓间充质干细胞的药物有着重要意义。 目的：研究芒果苷对体外培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞缺氧损伤的保护作用。 方法：采用氯化钴(CoCl2)建立体外培养的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞缺氧损伤模型。将细胞分为正常对照组、氯化钴缺氧损伤组、氯化钴加芒果苷20,40,80,160 µmol/L组。缺氧损伤12,24 h检测各组骨髓间充质干细胞培养上清液中超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛、过氧化氢酶水平。缺氧损伤3,6,12,24 h检测各组骨髓间充质干细胞内活性氧变化。 结果与结论：芒果苷能明显提高缺氧损伤的骨髓间充质干细胞的存活率,提高细胞内超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性,降低细胞内丙二醛、活性氧水平,有效保护缺氧损伤下的骨髓间充质干细胞。芒果苷具有较强的抗氧化能力及缺氧保护作用,可明显减轻骨髓间充质干细胞的氧化应激损伤。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

同种异体骨复合自体骨髓干细胞移植治疗良性骨肿瘤和瘤样病变

背景：同种异体骨是临床常用的骨移植材料,但缺乏诱导成骨能力是最大的问题。 目的：评价良性骨肿瘤及瘤样病变刮除或切除后应用同种异体骨复合自体骨髓干细胞修复骨缺损的效果。 方法：65例良性骨肿瘤(包括瘤样病变)患者,根据植骨情况分为2组。复合骨髓干细胞植骨组35例患者根据预计植骨量从每位患者两侧的髂前上棘或髂后上棘抽取红骨髓20-40 mL,经体外分离、纯化、培养扩增骨髓基质干细胞备用,在植骨前将同种异体骨颗粒与骨髓基质干细胞充分混匀。肿瘤刮除或切除后,将混匀的骨髓基质干细胞与同种异体骨颗粒,植入骨缺损区内。单纯植骨组将用生理盐水浸泡半小时的同种异体骨植入骨缺损区内。分别于治疗后1,3,6,12个月进行植骨区X射线检查,比较两组病例同种异体骨颗粒界限模糊、消失的时间,同时观察术后并发症发生情况。 结果与结论：62例患者均获得12个月以上随访。复合骨髓干细胞植骨组移植骨界限模糊时间和消失时间均短于单纯植骨组(P < 0.05)。复合骨髓干细胞植骨组1例出现排异反应,使用免疫抑制剂治疗2周后痊愈,两组病例均未出现感染。结果表明同种异体骨复合自体骨髓干细胞植骨能明显促进骨融合和骨缺损的愈合。     

骨髓间充质干细胞对创伤性骨折愈合的促进作用

BACKGROUND:In recent years, the development of stem cell culture and isolation technologies provides new therapeutic choices for fracture healing. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on bone fracture healing in traumatic fracture rats and on the migration ability of endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Femoral fracture models were made in 48 Wistar rats and then randomized into experimental group and control group (n=24/group). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from another healthy rats were isolated using adherent method and then injected into the rats via the tail vein in the experimental group. Rats in the control group were given the same volume of normal saline. At 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 weeks after injection, we extracted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from the femur of rats in the two groups. RT-qPCR was used to detect expression levels of type I collagen and CD44. Transwell method was used to detect cell migration ability. Immunohistochemitry method was employed to detect expression of nerve growth factors in the callus. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:mRNA levels of type I collagen and CD44 in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after injection (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the higher migration ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was found in the experimental group at 2 and 3 weeks after injection (P < 0.05) as well as the higher expression of nerve growth factor in the callus in the experimental group at 3, 4, 8, 12 weeks after injection. All these findings suggest that exogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can improve the migration ability of endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the expression of nerve growth factor in the callus in rats with femoral fracture, thereby promoting fracture healing in rats.     

骨髓间充质干细胞定向趋化及骨修复中基质细胞衍生因子1的作用

背景：骨折愈合与聚集在骨折端的骨髓间充质干细胞的数量及功能密切相关,基质细胞衍生因子1可增强骨髓间充质干细胞的趋化功能。 目的：采用携带绿色荧光蛋白转基因骨髓间充质干细胞的骨髓嵌合体小鼠,制作左胫骨骨折模型,观察基质细胞衍生因子1对骨髓间充质细胞定向迁移的影响及其骨折修复中的作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。 方法：利用密度梯度离心法从携带绿色荧光蛋白转基因小鼠C57BL的骨髓内分离培养出携带绿色荧光蛋白的骨髓间充质干细胞;将经X射线照射后携带绿色荧光蛋白转基因的骨髓间充质干细胞与雄性小鼠的骨髓非贴壁细胞联合移植,最后建立起稳定的骨髓嵌合型小鼠模型,再建立左胫骨骨折模型。建模后分别用基质细胞衍生因子1和基质细胞衍生因子1抗体干预,并设置对照组。 结果与结论：建模后第1,3,7,14天各相应时相点骨折端的骨髓间充质干细胞数量,建模后第14,21天各相应时相点的骨痂量,建模后第28天抗折力,均为基质细胞衍生因子1组>对照组>基质细胞衍生因子1抗体组(P < 0.05);在建模后第28天基质细胞衍生因子1组骨痂量减少(P < 0.05),骨小梁融合成片,部分骨髓腔再通,对照组和基质细胞衍生因子1抗体组髓腔未通。证实,基质细胞衍生因子1 可促进骨髓间充质干细胞向骨折端迁移,具有促进骨折愈合的作用。     

还原型谷胱苷肽对骨髓基质干细胞增殖及向神经样细胞分化的影响

BACKGROUND:As bone marrow stromal stem cells can be easily obtained and have multi-directional differentiation potential, it is an important approach to obtain neural stem cells for treatment of spinal cord injury through induced differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of different concentrations of reduced glutathione on proliferation and neuronal differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells. METHODS:Bone marrow stromal cells were isolated and cultured by limited dilution method. The cloned bone marrow stromal cells were stimulated with reduced glutathione at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol/L) respectively. After 72 hours of culture, proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells was examined by MTT assay. The morphology of bone marrow stromal cells was observed under inverted microscope and the cells were identified by immunofluorescence staining of microtubule associated protein-2 and glial fibrillary acidic protein. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We found that 5 mmol/L reduced glutathione medium could promote the proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells (P < 0.05), but reduced glutathione at 20 and 40 mmol/L inhibited the cell proliferation (P < 0.05). The number and size of cell colonies in the 10 mmol/L reduced glutathione group had no obvious difference from the control group. Reduced glutathione at 10 mmol/L was powerful to induce the neuronal differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells, and most cells expressed microtubule associated protein-2 and glial fibrillary acidic protein. A random selection of 5 fields of view was conducted and percentage of bone marrow stromal cells differentiating into neuron-like cells was calculated as (62.0±4.8)%. These results confirmed that low-concentration (5 mmol/L) reduced glutathione can promote the proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells, while 10 mmol/L reduced glutathione has a strong induction of bone marrow stromal cells differentiating into neuron-like cells.     

病毒转染骨髓基质干细胞在不同移植点对颅脑损伤的保护

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow stromal cells can differentiate into nerve cells to promote nerve tissue repair, but the exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of adenovirus-mediated β nerve growth factor transfection on bone marrow stromal stem cell transplantation fighting against brain injury in rats. METHODS:(1) Rat bone marrow stromal stem cells were cultured in vitro, transfected with the adenovirus-mediated β nerve growth factor and directionally induced using β-mercaptoethanol. (2) A total of 210 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into induction+tranfection group, induction+non-transfection group, induction+medium group, model group, and sham group (n=42 per group). Rat skull injury models were made, and given corresponding treatments at different time points (12, 24, 36, 48, 72 hours). Neurological function of rats was evaluated based on neurological severity scores on the day that the rats were given transplantation, and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after transplantation. (3) Another 75 Sprague-Dawley rats were also divided into five groups (n=15 per group) as above, followed by model establishment and corresponding treatments at 24 hours after modeling. Neurological severity scores were recorded at the same day, 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after transplantation. Five rats from each group were sacrificed to detect levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in the rat brain at the same day, 2 and 4 weeks after transplantation, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:If the cells were transplanted within 48 hours after modeling, the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group decreased significantly compared with the induction+non-transfection group and model group at 1 and 2 weeks after transplantation (P < 0.05). If the cells were transplanted at different time, the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group were decreased significantly compared with the induction+non-transfection group and model group at 3 and 4 weeks after transplantation (P < 0.05). If the cells were transplanted within 24 hours after modeling, the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group decreased significantly compared with the model group at 1 week after transplantation (P < 0.05), and the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group and induction+non-transfection group both were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.05). Two weeks after cell transplantation, the level of superoxide dismutase was significantly higher in the induction+transfection group than the induction+medium group and model group (P < 0.05), but the level of malondialdehyde was significantly lower (P < 0.05). All these findings indicate that adenovirus-mediated β nerve growth factor transfer plays a certain neuroprotective role in bone marrow stromal stem cell transplantation for brain injury in rats.     

基质细胞衍生因子1预处理抑制大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的凋亡

背景：研究发现基质细胞衍生因子1除参与趋化干细胞定向迁移途径,还具有抗凋亡作用。 目的：观察基质细胞衍生因子1预处理后对骨髓间充质干细胞凋亡的影响。 方法：以不同浓度H₂O₂诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞凋亡,取最适宜浓度100 μmol/L用于实验。不同质量浓度基质细胞衍生因子1干预100 μmol/L H₂O₂诱导后的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,选择0.2 mg/L最佳保护质量浓度用于实验。取第3代大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,随机分组：正常对照组不进行任何处理;损伤组在培养液中加入H₂O₂作用24 h;基质细胞衍生因子1预处理组于H₂O₂损伤细胞前6 h加入基质细胞衍生因子1;基质细胞衍生因子1+AMD3100(基质细胞衍生因子1受体CXCR4的阻断剂)组于H₂O₂细胞损伤前6 h加入基质细胞衍生因子1与AMD3100共孵。 结果与结论：H2O2能体外模拟缺血缺氧环境诱导骨髓间充质干细胞凋亡,且作用呈剂量依赖性。与损伤组比较,加入基质细胞衍生因子1预处理后细胞凋亡明显减轻(P < 0.01),细胞E2F6基因表达增强(P < 0.05),E2F1基因表达减少(P < 0.05),线粒体细胞色素C转位减少(P < 0.05),Caspase-3活性降低(P < 0.05),AMD3100可阻断基质细胞衍生因子1对骨髓间充质干细胞的保护作用。提示基质细胞衍生因子1可能通过增强E2F6基因,负性调控E2F1基因抑制线粒体损伤导致的骨髓间充质干细胞凋亡。     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植修复二乙基亚硝胺诱导的肝纤维化

背景：研究表明间充质干细胞能够改善肝纤维化。 目的：观察间充质干细胞对二乙基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠慢性肝损伤模型中对纤维化的作用。 方法：20只雌性Wistar大鼠由二乙基亚硝胺诱导致慢性肝损伤模型后,随机等分为2组,间充质干细胞组(n=10)在第4,8,12,16周时尾静脉注射雄性大鼠来源的间充质干细胞(1×10⁹ L^-1),模型组注射等量的生理盐水。 结果与结论：慢性肝损伤20周后,Y染色体仅能在间充质干细胞组中检测出,说明间充质干细胞被成功移植并存活。MRI显示在间充质干细胞组中有大量的增生性结节。与模型组相比,间充质干细胞组中的结节数、纤维化评分、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白、胶原面积均明显增高(P < 0.05)。表明体循环中的间充质干细胞可以导致其植入肝脏组织,并且在由二乙基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠慢性肝损伤模型中促进了肝纤维化。     

自体骨髓间充质干细胞载体复合物修复骨缺损的组织学观察

背景：在骨缺损修复过程中,从修复质量、免疫排斥和疾病传播等多方面来衡量,自体骨都是最佳的选择,但来源有限且取骨区可能产生并发症,给骨缺损的修补及自体骨移植临床应用带来了很大局限。 目的：以含自体骨髓间充质干细胞脱钙骨载体复合支架材料植入骨缺损的同时,向植入处微环境内添加碱性成纤维细胞生长因子等因素,从而达到增强骨修复能力,改进修复效果的目的。 方法：选择3月龄新西兰大耳白兔45只,建立双侧前臂桡骨中下段骨-骨膜缺损模型,然后将实验兔等分为3组：实验组、对照组和空白组,均于左侧髂骨和股骨转子处抽取骨髓,分离培养扩增骨髓间充质干细胞后,与不同材料体外复合,植入兔桡骨干10 mm缺损处。实验组兔缺损处植入骨髓间充质干细胞、脱钙骨、藻酸钙、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、维生素C;对照组兔缺损处植入骨髓间充质干细胞、脱钙骨、藻酸钙;空白组兔双侧缺损处均不植入任何材料,自然愈合。 结果与结论：植入后30,60,90 d各组之间组织学检查新骨生成速度、生成量差异均有显著性意义。实验组兔缺损修复部位骨痂和移植物化骨及材料降解明显快于对照组和空白组;但对照组和空白组兔缺损修复部位残存物明显多于实验组。实验组兔骨缺损以多点方式直接成骨,对照组和空白组则从两端以“爬行替代”方式成骨。空白组兔自然愈合后90 d骨缺损均无愈合。说明植入体外培养移植物的同时向该植入微环境添加碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和维生素C等有利骨修复,提高骨损伤的愈合。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

硫酸钙人工骨复合培养骨髓间充质干细胞对骨诱导脊柱融合的影响

BACKGROUND: Biodegrable calcium sulfate artificial bone has a good biocompatibility, so it is used as a bone graft substitute in the treatment of spinal fusion. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the osteoinductive effects of the tissue-engineered bone made of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and calcium sulfate artificial bone in spinal fusion. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro, and then combined with the calcium sulfate artificial bone. The composite material was observed under electron microscope. Totally 67 patients undergoing spinal fusion were enrolled, who were divided into control group (n=35) and observation group (n=32), receiving autologous iliac bone graft and autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with calcium sulfate transplantation, respectively. Subsequently, spinal fusion Lenke classification and low back outcome score were conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under electron microscope, the visible calcium sulfate artificial bone presented a good porous structure, on which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grew and adhered well. Slightly but insignificantly better outcomes in the spinal fusion through the use of the Lenke classification system were obtained in the observation group than the control group after surgery (P > 0.05). Besides, scores on low back outcomes in both two groups were significantly higher than baseline data (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the tissue-engineered bone made of calcium sulfate artificial bone as the scaffold and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as seed cells can exert a good osteoinduction in spinal fusion, and obtain ideal effects.