不同体成分儿童皮褶厚度性激素水平的探讨

目的 研究不同体成分10～12岁男女儿童皮褶厚度和唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平的变化趋势及其相互关系。方法 将66名10岁男孩和75名10岁女孩各分成肥胖、中等、消瘦3组，追踪观察3年，每年测定其皮褶厚度和唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平。结果 肥胖组男孩随年龄增加肱三头肌皮褶厚度下降，中等和消瘦组无明显的变化，3组间肩胛下角皮褶厚度变化不明显。肥胖组女孩随年龄增加胧三头肌皮褶厚度下降，中等组和消瘦组一直呈上升趋势，肩胛下角皮褶厚度仅肥胖组在11岁时有一过性下降，其它2组均呈上升趋势；男女儿童唾液睾酮和雌二醇水平随年龄增长而增加；男孩肩胛下角皮褶厚度与雌二醇水平呈负相关，女孩肱三头肌和肩胛下角部皮褶厚度与睾酮水平呈负相关。结论 10～12岁不同性别儿童皮下脂肪发育趋势不同，不同体成分儿童皮下脂肪发育也存在差别；不同部位的皮下脂肪发育与体内性激素水平有关。     

8～12岁男孩唾液性激素水平半追踪研究

目的 探讨青春早期不同体成分男孩唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平的变化趋势及差异。方法 129名8岁和10岁男，分为肥胖、中等、消瘦3组，追踪观察3年测定体成分和唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平。结果 3组儿童的体脂肪、瘦体重都随年龄增长而增加，唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平都有随年龄增回则增长的趋势。3组男孩的睾酮、雌二醇水平与瘦体`重体脂肪都呈正相关；睾雌比（睾酮和雌二醇之比）与体脂比呈弱的负相关。结论 不同体成分男体内性激素水平不同。     

10～12岁女孩唾液睾酮与雌二醇水平分析

目的　探讨 10～ 12岁不同体成分女孩唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平的变化趋势及差异。方法　 75名 10岁女孩 ,分为肥胖、中等、消瘦 3组 ,追踪观察 3年测定体成分和唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平。结果　 3组儿童的体脂肪、瘦体重随年龄增长而增加 ,唾液睾酮、雌二醇水平随年龄增加而增长。肥胖组睾酮水平 12岁时显著高于 11岁 (P <0 0 1) ,3组雌二醇水平在 11岁时显著高于 10岁 (P <0 0 1)。 10～ 12岁间肥胖组睾酮水平低于消瘦组 ,在 10岁时差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 ) ;雌二醇水平 3组间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,中等组和消瘦组月经来潮女孩的睾酮水平高于月经未来潮者 (P <0 0 5 )。月经来潮的肥胖组女孩睾酮水平显著低于消瘦组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;雌二醇水平差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　不同体成分不同性发育阶段女孩体内睾酮水平不同。     

青春前期男生体脂含量与性器官发育关系

目的探讨不同体成分青春前期男生体脂含量与性器官发育水平之间的关系。方法按照体脂比将研究对象分为肥胖、中等、消瘦3组,共筛选男生84名,追踪观察4年。采用Harpenden式卡钳检测皮褶厚度;采用放射免疫分析方法测定唾液睾酮水平。结果阴茎长径：消瘦组〉中等组〉肥胖组,且消瘦组、中等组男生阴茎长于肥胖组（P〈0.05）;从9岁开始,消瘦组、中等阴茎直径宽于肥胖组（P〈0.05）;男生睾丸4个发育指标（左长径、左横径、右长径、右横径）随年龄的增长而增长,且中等组和消瘦组要长于肥胖组;中等组和消瘦组男生的睾酮水平有高于肥胖组儿童的趋势;体脂比与性器官各指标呈负相关。结论肥胖与性器官发育不良可能有一定联系。     

青春前期不同体成分儿童皮褶厚度半追踪研究

目的 比较不同体成分儿童皮褶厚度增长的差异,为儿童单纯性肥胖预防对策提供基础资料。方法 通过测量皮褶厚度来推算儿童体脂百分含量;进行配对分组,追踪观察1年皮脂发育情况,采用方差分析法比较各级间儿童皮褶厚度增长量,结果 体脂肪含量随年龄增长而增加,皮下脂肪发育情况除8岁男孩外,肥胖组儿童在观察期内呈负增长,中等与消瘦组呈正增长趋势,各测量部位皮褶厚度发育情况的不同体成分组间比较,儿童因性别、年龄、部位不同表现也不同。结论 不同体成分儿童皮脂发育有差异。     

不同体成分10岁男童性发育与体脂及睾酮水平追踪研究

目的探讨不同体成分青春早期男孩性发育与体脂及睾酮水平之间的相互关系,为儿童青少年生长发育研究提供依据。方法选取66名10岁男童,按年龄、身高、第二性征进行1∶1∶1匹配,追踪观察3 a,检测其体成分、性发育状况,测定睾酮水平。结果3组男童的体脂肪和瘦体重均随年龄增加而增加;肥胖组男孩阴茎长度小于中等组和消瘦组;肥胖组的阴茎长度和横径与体脂肪呈负相关,与睾酮水平呈正相关。结论青春早期肥胖男孩性器官发育滞后,与体脂肪和睾酮关系密切。     

不同体成分儿童骨龄与唾液性激素水平的追踪研究

目的　了解不同体成分儿童在 8～ 1 0岁期间骨龄与唾液性激素水平之间的关系。方法　整群抽取沈阳市沈河区 3所小学 8岁儿童 ,按体脂百分比分成肥胖、中等、消瘦 3组。 3组儿童按实足年龄、身高、第二性征进行 1∶1∶1匹配 ,得到有效数据男童 81人 (2 7对 ) ,女童 78人 (2 6对 )。追踪观察 3年 ,判定骨龄 ,测定唾液睾酮和雌二醇水平。结果　骨龄与体成分和唾液性激素之间有很好的相关性 (P <0 .0 1 )。不同体成分组 ,男童在 8～ 1 0岁期间骨龄或唾液睾酮水平组间差异无显著性 ,女童骨龄在 9岁时开始表现出差异 ,肥胖组比消瘦组提前 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,1 0岁时这种差异在中等组与消瘦组间有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论　不同体成分的 8～ 1 0岁女童与男童的骨龄与唾液性激素水平发育形式不同 ,女童不同体成分组间性激素上的差异无显著性 ,而骨龄差异有显著性 ;男童则首先表现出性激素差异     

儿童体成分差异与骨龄关系的探讨

目的 观察不同体成分对儿童骨骼发育的影响。方法 选取8岁、10岁不同体成分儿童411名，依据体脂比分成肥胖、中等、消瘦3组，投身高、体重和第二性征进行1：1：1配对，观察比较各组间骨龄差异。同时，将411名儿童按性别分成两组，进行骨龄与体重成分的相关分析。结果 肥胖儿童骨龄高于消瘦儿童。骨龄与体脂比、瘦体重、体脂肪成正相关。结论 体成分对儿童骨骼发育有一定影响。     

青春早期男童体成分与骨龄及性发育关系研究

目的了解青春早期体成分对男童骨龄及性发育的影响，为儿童单纯性肥胖对生长发育影响的研究提供基础资料。方法选取肥胖、中等、消瘦3组共63名10岁男童，按年龄、身高、第二性征发育情况进行1：1：1匹配，观察比较各组间骨龄和性器官发育水平。结果肥胖组儿童骨龄和骨龄发育速度领先于消瘦组（P〈0.05），阴茎长度短于中等和消瘦组儿童（P〈0．01）；瘦体重与骨龄呈正相关（P〈0.05），与骨龄发育速度呈负相关（P〈0.05）；阴茎长度与体脂肪和体脂比呈负相关（P〈0.01），与瘦体重呈正相关（P〈0.01）。结论男童于青春早期肥胖可能会引起骨骼发育提前以及性器官生长滞后。     

重庆市7～22岁学生皮褶厚度及其与生长发育的关系

目的 了解重庆市学生皮褶厚度现状.研究利用皮褶厚度指标评价学生生长发育水平的方法.方法 对重庆市2010年全国体质健康调研中的学生皮褶厚度随年龄变化趋势进行分析,根据长岭晋吉公式估算体密度D,根据brozek公式估算体成分,并利用体脂比判定肥胖状况,对不同性发育水平学生皮褶厚度进行比较.结果 男生皮褶厚度在11岁达到高峰,其后逐渐下降,18岁后义开始上升;女生皮褶厚度均随年龄增长呈现上升的趋势,尤其是青春后期增幅十分明显.男生体脂比从7岁的15.54％上升到11岁的19.95％,之后逐步下降;女生从7岁的19.17％的上升到11岁的21.84％,12岁最低,之后逐步上升,17,18岁有所下降.男生肥胖率为15.10％;女生14岁以下肥胖率为15.40％,15岁以上为6.40％,均为轻度肥胖所占比例最高.已初潮女生3处皮褶厚度均高于同龄末初潮女生,而已出现首次遗精的男生无此现象.结论 皮褶厚度是学生营养状况及体成分评价分析的一个重要指标,皮褶厚度与性发育早晚存在一定的关联.     

Body Weight and Body Image

HEALTH ISSUE: Body weight is of physical and psychological importance to Canadian women; it is associated with health status, physical activity, body image, and self-esteem. Although the problems associated with overweight and obesity are indeed serious, there are also problems connected to being underweight. Weight prejudice and the dieting industry intensify body image concerns for Canadian women and can have a major negative impact on self-esteem. KEY FINDINGS: Women have lower BMIs than men, a lower incidence of being overweight and a higher incidence of being underweight. However, women across all weight categories are more dissatisfied with their bodies. Sixty percent of women are inactive, and women with a BMI of 27 or higher are more likely to be inactive than women with lower BMIs. The data show that women are aware of the health benefits of exercise, but there is a gap between knowledge and practice. When asked about barriers to health improvement, 39.7% of women cited lack of time and 39.2% lack of willpower. DATA GAPS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Weight prejudice must be made unacceptable and positive body image should be encouraged and diversity valued. Health policies should encourage healthy eating and healthy activity. Health curricula for young students should include information about healthy eating, active lifestyle, and self-esteem. Physical activities that mothers can participate in with their families should be encouraged. Research should be funded to elucidate the most effective methods of getting women to become and remain physically active without focusing on appearance.     

体检市场面临"体检"

“体检市场的发展方向非常重要, 一旦大家把它做砸了,这个市场也就慢慢萎缩了。”     

Body Time

Abstract

Venous thromboembolism is a common medical problem that can affect a wide range of patients. The clinical presentation ranges from minor, nonspecific signs and symptoms to severe clinical scenarios. The combination of objective pretest clinical probability, D-dimer testing, and imaging studies plays a critical role in its diagnosis. There are multiple imaging modalities to confirm or exclude the presence of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, but, at present, computed tomography angiography is the most frequently used. Other imaging, however, is required for several subpopulations.     

Body Deviation-from-Match

Abstract

This study considers the impact of body or texture elements on perception of food and wine match. Hypothesized relationships were tested using mixed tasting and sequential tasting methods. Deviation-from-match measures were used for assessments of mixed body-to-body match, sequential body-to-body match, and sequential fattiness-to-tannin match. Results indicated that sequential assessments of body-to-body match provided a significant predictor of overall match but this relationship was not as strong a predictor as the mixed assessment of body-to-body match. The predictability of overall match was substantially improved when sequential body-to-body and sequential fattiness-to-tannin measures were combined. Discussion provides a greater understanding of food body interactions due to protein type and cooking method.     

成年人去脂组织重、体脂含量与体重、身高和体围的关系

生物电阻抗法 (bioelectrical impedanceanalysis,BIA)用于人体组成成分分析的准确性已得到肯定 [1 ,2 ] 。本次对 95 5例健康成年人运用 BIA法测量去脂组织重、体脂量及常规方法测量体重、身高、上臂围、腰围、臀围 ,并探讨它们之间的关系。旨在建立更简单实用的计算去脂组织重和体脂含量的方法 ,应用于临床评价。1　材　料　与　方　法1 .1　对象　　挑选 1 0 0 5名健康查体人员 [3]中的 95 5人进行了 BIA法体脂测量 ,其中男性 3 92人 ,女性 5 63人。按年龄分为两组 ,年龄 1 8～ 45岁为 5 84人 ,年龄 46～ 74岁为 3 71人。均为汉族健…     

Discrepancy Between Body Surface Area and Body Composition in Cancer

Calculation of cytostatic dose is typically based on body surface area (BSA) regardless of body composition. The aim of this study was to assess the discrepancy between BSA and low fat-free mass (FFM) by investigating the prevalence of low FFM with regard to BSA in 630 cancer patients. First, BSA was calculated according to DuBois and DuBois. Patients were divided into 6 categories with respect to their BSA. Each BSA category was further divided into 3 groups according to FFM: low (<?1 SD of mean FFM), normal (?0.99 and 0.99 SD of mean FFM) or high (>1 SD of mean FFM), which was derived through bioelectric impedance analysis. FFM was reduced in 15.7% of patients, 69% had normal and 15.2% had high FFM. In patients with low FFM (i.e., more than-1 SD lower than the mean FFM within their BSA group), body mass index and fatigue were higher whereas functional status was reduced. Moreover, in the subcohort of patients receiving chemotherapy, absolute FFM [Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.970, P = 0.026] as well as the allocation to the low FFM group (HR = 1.644, P = 0.025) emerged as predictors of increased 1-yr mortality. In conclusion, there was a large discrepancy between FFM and BSA. Particularly women were affected by low FFM.