糖尿病患者视网膜中央动脉血流速度改变

本文为研究糖尿病患者的视网膜中央动脉（ＣＲＡ）血流动力学改变，用彩色多普勒超声检测了９８例糖尿病患者和５０例正常对照者ＣＲＡ的收缩期最高血流速度（Ｖｍａｘ）、舒张末期最低血流速度（Ｖｍｉｎ）、平均血流速度（Ｖｍｅａｎ）、脉动指数（ＰＩ）、阻力指数（ＲＩ）、Ｖｍａｘ／Ｖｍｉｎ值（Ｓ／Ｄ）。结果：糖尿病患者的Ｖｍａｘ、Ｖｍｉｎ、Ｖｍｅａｎ均低于正常对照组，ＰＩ、ＲＩ、Ｓ／Ｄ均高于对照组。无糖尿病视网膜病变的糖尿病患者（ＮＤＲ）和糖尿病视网膜病变（ＤＲ）Ⅰ～Ⅲ期者的Ｖｍｉｎ、Ｖｍｅａｎ均低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（ＰＤＲ）的Ｖｍａｘ、Ｖｍｉｎ均低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论为糖尿病患者的ＣＲＡ血流速度降低，视网膜循环阻力升高，视网膜血液供应不良     

早期视野改变的青光眼彩色多普勒超声检测

目的 研究早期视野改变的青光眼患者视网膜中央动脉（ＣＲＡ）血流动力学改变情况。方法 ＯＣＴＯ－ＰＵＳ１０１野计检查明确有早期视野改变的青光眼患者２２例（３０只眼）和正常眼１８例（３１只眼）进行彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）检查,比较各组收缩期峰值速度（ＰＳＶ）舒张末期速度（ＥＤＶ）和阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果 青光眼组患者ＰＳＶ及ＥＤＶ均较正常明显降低,Ｐ值〈０．０１,ＲＩ在两我明显差异。结论彩色多民     

实验性膝骨性关节炎的彩色多普勒研究

本文对６只纯种新西兰大白兔的实验性膝骨性关节炎作了彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）研究，比较兔健患侧股动脉的阻力指数（ＲＩ）、搏动指数（ＰＩ）、收缩期峰值速度（ＰＳＶ）、舒张末期流速（ＥＤＶ）及加速度（ＡＣＣ）。结果表明：与健侧相比，患侧的ＰＳＶ、ＥＤＶ和ＡＣＣ显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），而ＲＩ则显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：ＣＤＦＩ作为一种无创的检查方法有助于膝骨性关节炎的诊断     

彩色多普勒超声评价慢性青光眼术后视网膜中央动脉血流？…

为评价青光眼手术治疗对视网膜中央动脉血流动力学的影响，我们对慢性青光眼２６只手术前后和正常眼４０只进行彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）检查，比较各组的收缩期峰值速度（ＰＳＶ）、舒张末期速度（ＥＤＶ）和阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果：青光眼术后视网膜中央动脉ＰＳＶ和ＥＤＶ较术前明显加快，ＲＩ明显降低，Ｐ值〈０．０５；但与正常眼比较ＰＳＶ和ＥＤＶ仍明显慢，ＲＩ亦大，Ｐ值〈０．０５。研究表明：抗青光眼手术治疗降低     

彩色多普勒超声评价慢性青光眼术后视网膜中央动脉血流动力学的变化

为评价青光眼手术治疗对视网膜中央动脉血流动力学的影响，我们对慢性青光眼２６只手术前后和正常眼４０只进行彩色多普勒血流显像（ＣＤＦＩ）检查，比较各组的收缩期峰值速度（ＰＳＶ）、舒张末期速度（ＥＤＶ）和阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果：青光眼术后视网膜中央动脉ＰＳＶ和ＥＤＶ较术前明显加快，ＲＩ明显降低，Ｐ值＜０．０５；但与正常眼比较ＰＳＶ和ＥＤＶ仍明显慢，ＲＩ亦大，Ｐ值＜０．０５。研究表明：抗青光眼手术治疗降低眼内压，可使视网膜中央动脉血流异常部分恢复。     

糖尿病患者视网膜中央动脉彩色多普勒超声研究

目的　为评价彩色多普勒显像（ｃｏｌｏｒ Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒｉｍａｇｉｎｇ;ＣＤＩ） 在糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃ ｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ;ＤＲ）中的应用价值,为预防和治疗ＤＲ 提供理论依据。用ＣＤＩ对糖尿病患者的视网膜中央动脉（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌａｒｔｅｒｙ;ＣＲＡ） 血流进行研究。方法　病变组５６ 例（１１２ 只眼） ,分为Ａ 组：糖尿病患者眼底荧光造影（ｆｕｎｇｕｓｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｉｎ ａｎｇｉｏｇｒａｐｈ ;ＦＦＡ） 结果显示正常;Ｂ组：眼底荧光造影为Ｉ～ＩＩＩ期者;Ｃ组：眼底荧光造影为ＩＶ～ＶＩ期者;正常对照组为年龄、性别、眼别与病变组相匹配的健康者,命名为Ｄ组。用彩色多普勒检测其ＣＲＡ血流速度。结果　患者组视网膜中央动脉的血流频谱,较正常图形矮小,欠光滑;病变组的收缩期最高血流速度（ｐｅａｋ ｓｙｓｔｏｌｉｃ ｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ;ＰＳＶ） 、舒张末期血流最低血流速度（ｅｎｄ ｄｉａｓｔｏｌｉｃ ｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ;ＥＤＶ） 均低于正常对照组,阻力指数（ｒｅｓｉｓｔｉｖｅｉｎｄｅｘ ,ＲＩ） 和ＰＳＶ／ＣＤＶ 值（Ｓ／Ｄ）高于对照组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５） ;各病变组ＰＳＶ、ＥＤＶ 随病变程度加重而降低,呈负相关,     

彩色多普勒超声对慢性青光眼视网膜中央动脉血流动力学的分析

为评价慢性青光眼视网膜中央动脉血流动力学的改变。对正常人２０例４０只眼和慢性青光眼２９例４４只眼进行彩色多普勒成像（ＣＤＩ）检查，分析收缩期峰值速度（ＰＳＶ）舒张末期速度（ＥＤＶ）和阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果：青光眼视网膜中央动脉ＰＳＶ和ＥＤＶ较正常眼明显慢，Ｐ＜０．０１，ＲＩ则显著增高，Ｐ＜０．０１。结果表明：慢性青光眼视网膜中央动脉血管床阻力增加，可能伴有供血受损。     

彩色多普勒血流显像对青光眼血流动力学研究

目的：应用彩色多普勒血流显像研究开角型青光眼眼部血流动力学变化，方法：对原发性开角型青光眼（ＰＯＡＧ）１４例，低眼压性青光眼（ＬＴＧ）１１例及正常对照组１５例测量眼动脉、视网膜中央动脉、睫状后动脉的收缩期峰值流速（ＰＳＶ）、舒张末期血流速度（ＥＤＶ）、阻力指数（ＲＩ），结果①和正常组比较，ＰＯＡＧ组和ＬＴＧ组双眼视网膜中央动脉ＰＳＶ、ＥＤＶ均值减低，ＲＩ均值升高，Ｐ＜０．０５；②ＰＯＡＧ组双眼睫状后动脉ＥＤＶ均值减低，ＲＩ较正常组升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＬＴＧ组双眼ＥＤＶ均值减低，左眼ＰＳＶ减低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；③ＰＯＡＧ组、ＬＴＧ组眼动脉血流参数与正常组比较无差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；④ＰＯＡＧ组与ＬＴＧ组间无显著性差异。结论，开角型青光眼视盘血流速度减低，支持血管学说     

彩色多普勒超声对慢性青光眼视网膜中央动脉血流动力学的…

为评价慢性表光眼视网膜中央动脉血流动力学的改变，对正常人２０例４０只眼和慢性青光眼２９例４４只眼进行彩色多普勒成像（ＣＤＩ）检查，分析收缩期峰值速度（ＰＳＶ）舒张末期速度（ＥＤＶ）和阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果：青光眼视网膜中央动脉ＰＳＶ和ＥＤＶ较正常明显慢，Ｐ〈０．０１，ＲＩ则显著增高，Ｐ〈０．０１，结果表明，慢性青光眼视网膜中央动血管床阻力增加，可能伴有供血受损。     

彩色多普勒超声对视网膜血管的研究

目的：用彩色多普勒（ＣＤＩ）观察视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ＣＲＶＯ）患者的视网膜中央动脉（ＣＲＡ）与视网膜中央静脉（ＣＲＶ）的血流动力学改变，以便更好地理解其病理改变。方法：将试验组分为ＣＲＶＯ病变组、对侧临床健眼组和正常对照组，并将ＣＲＶＯ病变组根据荧光造影彩色照相结果分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三个亚型。分别测量所有受试者的ＣＲＡ和ＣＲＶ峰值血流速度以及ＣＲＡ的阻力指数（ＲＩ）。结果：病变组ＣＲＡ的峰值血流速度减低、ＲＩ增高，与对侧临床健眼和正常对照组比较，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；病变组ＣＲＶ血流速度明显减低，与对侧临床健眼和正常对照组比较，差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．００１），而且其减低程度与眼底缺血程度相关；对侧临床健眼ＣＲＡ的ＲＩ与正常对照组比较，有增高的趋势（Ｐ＝０．０５２）。结论：通过用ＣＤＩ对ＣＲＶＯ患者视网膜血管的检测，揭示了其异常血流动力学的特征，认为ＣＲＶＯ后，除了其本身ＣＲＶ血流发生异常改变外，伴行的ＣＲＡ血流也受影响发生改变。患者对侧临床健眼ＣＲＡ阻力的增高，推测可能发生在ＣＲＶＯ之前，并可能是导致ＣＲＶＯ的原因之一。     

Anomalous retinal artery associated with branch retinal artery occlusion and neovascular glaucoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Congenital anomalous retinal artery is rare and does not typically affect visual acuity.However,an abnormal artery that passes through and supplies blood to the macular area complicated with branch retinal artery occlusion may negatively impact visual acuity.This study reports an unusual case of anomalous retinal artery combined with retinal artery occlusion.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male presented with severely reduced vision in the right eye.The fundus examination revealed an anomalous artery,extending from the superior temporal arcade and crossing the macula into the inferior temporal quadrant.The anomalous artery was partially occluded,with a narrowed lumen.A cherry-red spot was observed with whitening of the macular area,suggesting macular edema.Fundus fluorescein angiography revealed disc leakage and a delayed filling time.Optical coherence tomography revealed increased thickness of the neuroretina and underlying layers.The patient was treated with vessel dilation,hyperbaric oxygen,ocular massage,and thrombolytics.Visual acuity of the right eye subsequently improved to 20/200 from hand motion at 4 cm.This improvement in visual acuity persisted when the patient was examined at the 1-mo follow-up visit.The patient was subsequently followed via telephone interview.The information provided via interview indicated that visual acuity in the affected eye was stable up to 6 years from the time of the initial presentation.However,after 3 additional years,the patient was diagnosed with neovascular glaucoma in the right eye,which was subsequently enucleated.CONCLUSION Although congenital retinal vascular anomaly,including anomalous retinal artery,rarely affects vision,when complicated with branch retinal artery occlusion,the abnormal artery that supplies the macula may severely reduce visual acuity.     

老年人糖尿病患者眼动脉和视网膜中央动脉多普勒血流频谱检测

目的，了解老年人糖尿病患者眼动脉和视网膜中央动脉的血流变化并提供有参考价值的数据。方法，应用Ａｃｕｓｏｎ－１２８型电脑声像仪，配５ＭＨｚ线阵探头。测量眼动脉和视网膜中央动脉收缩期、舒张末期血流速度，阻力指数和搏动指数。结果，糖尿病组收缩期与舒张末期流速低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），眼动脉阻力指数与搏动指数增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论，对老年人糖尿病患者判断有无糖尿病视网膜病变，进行此项检查有着重要的临床意义     

彩色多普勒超声检查对斜视术后眼血流动力学评价

目的:研究彩色多普勒超声检查对斜视术后眼血流动力学改变评价。方法:收集我院2002年5月~2003年10月收治的6~21岁斜视手术患者29例(手术组),分别于术前、术后1周、术后1个月测量眼动脉血流动力学改变,并与同年龄正常者(对照组)进行比较。结果:眼动脉血流参数,手术组术前与对照组各参数比较无明显差异;手术组术前与术后1周各参数比较有明显差异(P<0.05),与术后1个月各参数比较无明显差异。视网膜中央动脉血流参数,手术组和对照组术前、术后1周及术后1个月比较各参数均无明显差异。结论:同侧眼行斜视(2条水平直肌)手术,术后1周出现眼动脉痉挛,而视网膜中央动脉速度正常,提示斜视手术切断2条水平直肌可影响眼的动脉血流。     

Combined central retinal artery and vein occlusion complicating orbital cellulitis

Orbital Cellulitis is a dreaded ophthalmologic disease. It may destroy vision and the eye and may even become life threatening. Often visual loss is the result of exposure and subsequent destruction of ocular tissue commonly the cornea and the uvea. We report a case of combined central retinal artery and vein occlusion complicating orbital cellulitis in a 35 year old patient who was 37 weeks pregnant resulting in loss of vision in the affected eye. There have been few case reports of this type of complication of orbital cellulitis.     

A case of normal tension glaucoma associated with Buerger's disease

Open angle glaucoma, a slowly progressive optic atrophy, is clinically characterized by visual field defects corresponding to excavation of the optic disc, called glaucomatous cupping. Open angle glaucoma is further divided into primary open angle glaucoma caused by elevated intraocular pressure (higher than the normal limit of 21 mmHg), and normal tension glaucoma, in which intraocular pressure is in the normal range. Here we report a case of normal tension glaucoma associated with Buerger's disease, also known as thromboangiitis obliterans, which causes systemic blood flow disturbance. A 66-year-old man suffering from Buerger's disease for 10 years was diagnosed as having branch retinal artery occlusion in his left eye. He was referred to our clinic due to progressive visual field disturbance in that eye. Ophthalmologic examinations revealed occlusion in the infero-temporal retinal artery in the left eye, and glaucomatous cupping, normal intraocular pressure, retinal vessel tortuosity and retinal arteriosclerosis in both eyes. Visual field examination revealed decreased retinal sensitivities in the areas within the visual field arches above and below fixation from the blind spot to the median raphe, corresponding to the arcuate retinal nerve fibers comprising the Bjerrum areas and the area corresponding to the retinal artery occlusion. Buerger's disease is characterized by the development of segmental thrombotic occlusions and vasospasm of the medium and small arteries. Our case suggests that the blood flow disturbance due to arteriosclerosis, thrombotic occlusions and vasospasm associated with Buerger's disease might affect the ophthalmic circulation system, thereby contributing to the etiology of normal tension glaucoma.     

彩超对视网膜中央静脉阻塞血流动力学改变的诊断价值

目的分析彩色多普勒超声在视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)分期的视网膜中央动脉血流动力学改变,评价视网膜中央动脉流速曲线参数的超声征象及诊断价值。方法应用彩超分别对CRVO非缺血型组48例(病变眼49只),缺血型组44例(病变眼48只)行视网膜中央动脉流速曲线参数的检测。另选择动脉硬化患者85例为对照组进行对比研究。结果CRVO组与对照组各项血流参数比较,舒张末期流速(EDV)下降(p<0.01)。视网膜中央动脉阻力指数(RI)增高(p<0.01),收缩期流速峰值(PSV)无明显差异(p>0.05)。缺血型组与非缺血型组各项血流参数比较,两组间的血流参数,经X2检验(p<0.01)有显著差异。结论随着CRVO的程度增加,视网膜中央动脉RI增高,视网膜缺血状态越明显,两者呈正相关。而EDV降低,呈较明显的低灌注、高回流状态。应用彩超评价CRVO对视网膜中央动动脉血流动力学改变,对诊断提供了可靠的依据。     

彩色多普勒成像技术对近视眼眼部血流动力学研究

目的:观察近视眼的血流动力学改变,及与眼轴、眼压等的关系。方法:应用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对中度近视(26例,52只眼)、高度近视(23例,44只眼)患者和正常人(25例,50只眼)的眼动脉、睫状后短动脉、视网膜中央动脉的收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张期最小流速(EDV)和阻力指数(RI)以及眼轴、眼压等进行检测。结果:近视眼患者眼动脉的PSV、EDV及RI与正常人相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);视网膜中央动脉和睫状后短动脉的PSV、EDV比正常人低(P<0.05),RI比正常人高(P<0.05);中度近视眼组与高度近视眼组比较,睫状后短动脉的EDV、视网膜中央动脉的EDV、RI有显著性差异(P<0.05);近视眼眼轴、眼压与正常人相比亦有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:近视眼眼底血管视网膜中央动脉、睫状后短动脉血流动力学改变是屈光度进一步加深、视功能损害的重要原因之一。     

Color Doppler imaging of the eye: normal ranges,reproducibility, and observer variation.

Color Doppler ultrasonography has numerous potential applications in the diagnosis and monitoring of many ocular disease processes. One of its advantages over other investigative and diagnostic tests is its safety and repeatability. To be able to fully assess this technique it is important to have good control data and to know the reproducibility of the technique for each of the retrobulbar vessels. Color Doppler ultrasonography was performed on 80 volunteers, and normal ranges of blood velocity were calculated for the ophthalmic artery and for the central retinal artery and vein. Reduction in the peak systolic and end diastolic velocities in the ophthalmic artery and an increase in resistive index in the central retinal artery and vein were noted with advancing age. With regard to reproducibility of the retrobulbar vessels, 15 healthy persons were chosen at random and intra- and interobserver studies performed. The most reliable and reproducible vessels were the ophthalmic artery and central retinal artery and vein. Greater variation was noted in the posterior ciliary vessels, whereas the superior ophthalmic and vortex veins were unreliable in both detection and velocity measurement. The results provide normal ranges for future studies and demonstrate that reproducible results can be obtained for the orbital vasculature using color Doppler imaging.