脑络通胶囊对鹌鹑实验性动脉粥样硬化的预防作用

目的探讨脑络通胶囊抗动脉粥样硬化(AS)作用。方法制备鹌鹑AS模型 ,120只♂鹌鹑随机分为6组 :正常对照组、高脂对照组、月见草油丸组、脑络通大、中、小剂量组。结果脑络通可使鹌鹑升高的血脂(TC、TG、LDL_C和VLDL_C)水平进行性降低 ,(P<0.05、P<0.01) ,使HDL_C水平或HDL_C/TC值升高(P<0.05、P<0.01) ,并降低主动脉和心肌中TC、TG含量(P<0.05) ,对主动脉和冠状动脉内膜粥样斑块形成有明显的抑制作用(P<0.05、P<0.01)。结论脑络通有调脂作用和抗AS作用。     

替勃龙对去卵巢大鼠血脂的影响

目的:探讨替勃龙对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松时血脂的影响。方法:40只3月龄♀Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、替勃龙组、雌激素组,每组10只,用药50d,采血分离血清测定血清总胆固醇(TC),三酰甘油(TG),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)。结果:大鼠去卵巢65d后,模型组血脂已有变化,表现为TC、TG、LDL-C增高,HDL-C降低,与假手术组比较差异有显著性。两药物组与模型组比较,血脂明显改善,均可降低TC、TG、LDL-C,升高HDL-C。结论:大鼠去卵巢后发生血脂紊乱,替勃龙有一定的降脂作用。     

胎盘提取液影响脂蛋白-胆固醇代谢的实验研究

目的探讨人胎盘提取液对高脂血症大鼠的脂蛋白_胆固醇代谢、过氧化作用及血小板聚集功能的影响及其作用机制。方法建立Wistar大鼠高血脂模型,用胎盘提取液0.4ml·(100g·d)-1连续灌胃12d,测定其血清TG、TC、LDL_C、HDL_C及其亚组分HDL 2_C的含量 ;测定全血及肝组织LPO、SOD的活性,并通过脂肪染色观察提取液对肝脏脂肪沉积的影响 ;通过放免法测定血浆中6_酮_PGF1α、TXB 2 含量及血小板最大聚集率。结果胎盘提取液使高脂鼠HDL_C、HDL2_C含量明显升高(P<0.01);TG、TC、LDL_C含量明显降低(P<0.01) ;明显降低高脂鼠血清及肝组织LPO含量(P<0.01),提高SOD活性(P<0.01) ;抑制肝脏脂肪沉积,使脂肪空泡明显减少 ;使血浆中PGI2 含量明显升高(P<0.01),TXB 2 含量无明显变化,并明显降低血小板聚集率(P<0.01)。结论胎盘提取液明显改善高脂大鼠脂蛋白_胆固醇代谢,增强机体抗氧化能力,抑制血小板聚集,并抑制脂肪肝形成,有利于拮抗动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展。     

大豆异黄酮对高脂去卵巢兔血脂及动脉粥样硬化形成的影响

目的研究大豆异黄酮对进食高脂饲料去卵巢兔血脂及动脉粥样硬化形成的影响。方法雌性3个月龄新西兰兔32只,随机分为正常对照组、高脂去卵巢组、大豆异黄酮组、雌二醇组。实验期8周,实验结束时检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)浓度,观察并用计算机图像分析粥样斑块面积。结果高脂去卵巢组与其他3组比较,血清TC、LDL-C、TG浓度显著增高(P<0.05),粥样斑块面积显著增大(P<0.05)。大豆异黄酮组与高脂去卵巢组比较,血清TC、LDL-C、TG浓度显著降低(P<0.05),粥样斑块面积显著减少(P<0.05)。结论大豆异黄酮对高脂饲料造成的雌激素缺乏兔血脂增高及动脉粥样硬化形成具有抑制作用。     

苦瓜提取物对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠血脂的影响

目的 研究苦瓜提取物(MCLs)对非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)大鼠的调血脂作用.方法 将实验大鼠分为正常对照组、高脂模型组以及不同剂量苦瓜提取物组[40,80,120 mg/(kg·d)],测定肝指数、肝中脂质含量和血清中脂质含量.结果 高脂模型组动物肝指数以及肝和血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HPL-C)含量均高于正常对照组(P<0.01),而不同剂量苦瓜提取物试验组肝指数以及肝和血清中含量均低于高脂模型组(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 苦瓜提取物能有效降低非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠血脂,并有肝脏功能保护作用.     

旨可平软胶囊工艺改进前后调血脂药效对比研究

目的观察两种旨可平软胶囊内容物对高脂血症SD大鼠模型的调血脂作用。方法SD大鼠用高脂饲料喂养45 d,采血检测胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平,血脂升高达到试验要求后随机分组,分为模型对照组,旨可平Ⅰ低、中、高剂量组,旨可平Ⅱ低、中、高剂量组,并以采用标准饲料喂养试验动物设为空白对照组。在继续高脂饲料喂养的同时给予上述药物治疗15 d,再次采血检测上述血脂水平。结果高剂量旨可平Ⅰ可在一定程度上降低高脂大鼠TC水平;旨可平Ⅰ低、中、高3个剂量对高脂大鼠血清HDL均显示出不同程度的降低作用,且呈一定的量效关系,但仅在高剂量下对高脂大鼠血清LDL水平显示出一定的降低作用。旨可平Ⅱ低、中、高3个剂量对高脂大鼠血清TC与LDL水平显示出明显的降低作用,且具有量效关系。在各剂量水平下,与旨可平Ⅰ相比,旨可平Ⅱ对于高脂大鼠血清TC与LDL的降低作用更加显著;在低、中两个剂量水平下,旨可平Ⅱ较旨可平Ⅰ对于血清TC,TG,LDL 3项指标的降低作用更加显著,且中剂量旨可平Ⅱ可升高HDL水平。结论对高脂SD大鼠模型,旨可平Ⅰ和Ⅱ样品对血清TC与LDL均显示出较好的降低作用,但旨可平Ⅱ对HDL和TG的降低作用旨可平Ⅰ较弱。综合多种指标结果,旨可平Ⅱ较旨可平Ⅰ相比,其降脂作用强度较高。     

中药罗汉果抗血脂紊乱的实验研究

目的观察中药罗汉果对实验性血脂紊乱SD大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)、三酰甘油(TG)及高密度脂蛋白(HDL-c)水平的影响。方法 50只雄性SD大鼠(体质量180g-220g)适应性饲养7d后随机分为空白对照组和造模组,造模组上午8时至下午18时给予普通饲料喂养,18时至次日上午8时高脂饲料喂养,共4周。4周后禁食12h断尾采血测两组空腹血清TC、LDL-c、TG、及HDL-c水平,造模组血脂各指标显著升高具有统计学意义者,确定为模型建立成功。将造模成功的模型组大鼠再随即分为药物实验组(20只,给予含生药4g/(kg d)罗汉果水溶液灌胃)和模型对照组(20只),后者继续高脂饲料喂养。至第八周后测血清TC、LDL-c、TG、及HDL-c水平。结果实验组血清TC)和LDL-c)的水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);TG水平较对照组有下降趋势,HDL-c水平较对照组有上升趋势。结论中药罗汉果可显著降低实验大鼠血清TC和LDL-c,可通过调节血脂代谢紊乱发挥抗动脉粥样硬化作用。     

南极磷虾油对高脂血症大鼠血脂和抗氧化力的影响

目的探讨南极磷虾油对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂和抗氧化力的影响。方法高脂饲料建立高脂血症大鼠模型,分别灌胃50,100和500 mg.kg-1南极磷虾油,连续30 d,测定大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血清一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)以及丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果南极磷虾油能显著降低高脂血症大鼠血清中的TC、TG和LDL-C含量,降低动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)。提高大鼠血清中NO含量,提高SOD和GSH-PX活性,降低MDA含量。结论南极磷虾油对高脂血症大鼠具有调血脂的作用和抗氧化作用,其抵抗动脉粥状硬化方面的作用优于深海鱼油。     

血脂调节口服液实验研究

目的以高脂血症大鼠为模型,研究某口服液的调节血脂作用。方法以血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)为主要观察指标,观察某口服液对喂饲高脂饲料大鼠的影响。结果某口服液能明显降低高血脂症大鼠血清胆固醇和甘油三酯,因而具有降低血脂功能。结论某口服液有明显降低高脂模型大鼠血清的作用。     

疏肝调脂方对高脂血症模型大鼠血脂、肝肾功能及微循环的影响

目的 探讨疏肝调脂方对高脂血症模型大鼠血脂、肝肾功能及微循环的影响。方法 采用高糖高脂饲料复合酒饮建立高脂血症大鼠模型,造模2周后大鼠灌胃给予疏肝调脂方(0.66,1.32,2.64 g·kg^-1),每天1次,连续6周。观察给药前后各组大鼠的一般体征;测定血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)、肌酐(creatinine,CR)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)含量和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)活性,计算低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)含量及动脉粥样硬化指数(atherosclerosis index,AI);采用激光多普勒技术测定大鼠尾部微循环血流量。结果 疏肝调脂方3个剂量均能改善高脂血症大鼠的一般体征,降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C含量及AI,升高尾部微循环血流量(P<0.05或<0.01);1.32 g·kg^-1能降低血清ALT活性(P<0.05);1.32,2.64g·kg^-1能降低血清CR含量(P<0.05)。结论 疏肝调脂方可改善高脂血症模型大鼠的血脂水平、肝肾功能及微循环血流量,提示其具有调节血脂、改善肝肾损伤及微循环障碍的作用。     

利维爱和尼尔雌醇对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的实验研究

目的:比较利维爱和尼尔雌醇对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的作用并探讨其作用机制。方法:建立去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松模型,40只雌性大鼠随机分成4组:对照组、去卵巢组、尼尔雌醇组和利维爱组。于去卵巢术后1周分别予以利维爱和尼尔雌醇灌胃,10周后观察各组大鼠体重、骨密度及骨形态学的改变,并通过RIA法检测各组大鼠骨组织微环境中细胞因子IL-6和TNF-α的含量。结果:去卵巢组较对照组体重明显增加(P<0.01),骨密度显著下降(P<0.01),骨组织中IL-6、TNF-α含量均显著增高(P<0.01)。尼尔雌醇组体重明显低于去卵巢组(P<0.01)。两组骨密度均显著高于去卵巢组(P<0.01)。骨组织中IL-6、TNF-α含量均显著低于去卵巢组(P<0.01)。但尼尔雌醇组骨密度仍显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:尼尔雌醇较利维爱能更好地抑制去卵巢大鼠的体重增加,二者均能有效预防去卵巢所致大鼠的骨质疏松,其作用机制可能是二药均能有效地抑制去卵巢大鼠骨组织微环境中细胞因子IL-6和TNF-α的含量而减少骨丢失。     

The effects of Cannabis sativa L. seed (hempseed) in the ovariectomized rat model of menopause

Cannabis sativa L. has been used for the treatment of various gynecological diseases in traditional medicine. The potential of this plant to protect against complications of menopause has been raised but rarely studied. Twenty female rats were divided into five groups: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomized (OVX) and three other ovariectomized groups: HST1%, HST2% and HST10% which received 1%, 2% and 10% hempseed, respectively, in their diet for 3 weeks. The effects of hempseed on plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles, estradiol and calcium levels were evaluated. Rats were tested for behavioral changes using the forced swimming test. The results showed that ovariectomy, independent of the type of diet, caused elevation of plasma calcium, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels, while hempseed modified this effect. Plasma estradiol levels were significantly lower in the OVX group compared to other groups. The swimming times for the OVX and sham groups were significantly shorter than that of the HSD10% group. All hempseed-treated groups were less anxious and showed significant declines in fecal boli compared to the sham group. The exploratory diving percent decreased in the HST10% group compared with other groups. These results suggest that hempseed may improve post-ovariectomy complications in rats.     

大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和雌激素活性的影响(英文)

目的 :研究大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨密度以及雌激素活性的影响。方法 :将 10～ 12月龄的雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为 6组 :假手术组 (SHAM )、切卵巢模型组 (OVX)、尼尔雌醇组 (OVX E)、小剂量异黄酮组 (L ISO)、中剂量异黄酮组 (M ISO)、大剂量异黄酮组 (H ISO) ,每组 8只。后 5组大鼠被切除双侧卵巢 ,SHAM组只被切除卵巢附近脂肪组织。L ISO ,M ISO ,H ISO分别灌胃给予 30 ,6 0 ,12 0mg·kg- 1的大豆异黄酮 ,OVX E组大鼠灌胃给予0 .2mg·kg- 1·wk- 1的尼尔雌醇 ,SHAM与OVX组以等剂量的溶剂灌胃 ,15wk后股动脉放血处死动物 ,收集血液用于血清碱性磷酸酶活性、血清雌二醇水平、血钙、血磷测定 ,分离出右侧股骨、第 2腰椎用于骨密度测量 ,测定双侧子宫重量。结果 :与SHAM组相比 ,OVX组股骨骨密度和椎骨骨密度均可见不同程度降低 (P <0 .0 5和P >0 .0 5 ) ,尼尔雌醇与异黄酮 12 0mg·kg- 1能明显升高去卵巢大鼠的股骨和椎骨骨密度 (P <0 .0 5 )。OVX组的血清碱性磷酸酶水平高于SHAM组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,异黄酮6 0mg·kg- 1可降低去卵巢大鼠的血清碱性磷酸酶水平 (P <0 .0 5 )。OVX组的血清雌二醇水平与子宫系数明显低于SHAM组 (P <0 .0 1) ,异黄酮的不同剂量组与OVX E组的血清雌二醇水平、子宫系数都明显高于OV     

尼尔雌醇影响OVX大鼠骨组织IL-6mRNA表达水平的研究

目的研究尼尔雌醇对OVX大鼠IL-6mRNA表达水平的影响,探讨绝经后骨质疏松的分子细胞学机 制。方法将30只3月龄雌性Wistar大鼠随机分成3组,每组10只,即OVX组、假手术组和尼尔雌醇组(雌醇 组)。对OVX组和雌醇组行双侧卵巢切除制备绝经后骨质疏松模型,雌醇组于术后1周予尼尔雌醇治疗。3个月 后处死全部实验动物,直接从骨组织中提取总RNA,采用相对半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测IL- 6mRNA表达情况。结果雌醇组IL-6mRNA水平显著低于OVX组(P＜0.01),与假手术组相比无显著性差异(P ＞0.05)。结论IL-6参与调节雌激素撤退所致的骨吸收,尼尔雌醇可以抑制IL-6的基因表达,减少骨丢失,维持骨 量。     

黄柏小檗碱对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的作用

目的：研究黄柏小檗碱对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症的作用.方法：去卵巢以建立大鼠骨质疏松症模型,将大鼠随机分为假手术组、去卵巢组,尼尔雌醇组及低（10 mg/kg）、中（30 mg/kg）、高（90 mg/kg）剂量黄柏小檗碱组进行实验,每组10只.12周后,以比色法测定其血清钙、磷的浓度和碱性磷酸酶的活性,竞争放射免疫法测定血清中骨钙素、降钙素、甲状旁腺素及雌二醇的浓度;双能X射线骨密度仪测定大鼠股骨干骺端的骨密度.结果：黄柏小檗碱能够增加去卵巢大鼠子宫重量、股骨干骺端的骨密度和血清无机磷含量;降低碱性磷酸酶活性和甲状旁腺素浓度,增加血清雌二醇、骨钙素、降钙素浓度.结论：黄柏小檗碱对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症具有防治作用,其机制可能是抑制骨吸收、促进骨形成,促进雌二醇和降钙素合成.     

Protective effects of amlodipine and lacidipine on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats

Bone is a dynamic organ system that is directly related to calcium and phosphor metabolism. Imbalance in these two parameters upon aging or menopause leads to osteoporosis. Recently, it was also shown by researchers that high blood pressure in elderly women is statistically associated with decreased bone mineral content at the femoral neck, which may increase the susceptibility to fractures. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of different doses of amlodipine and lacidipine on ovariectomized rat femurs' calcium and phosphor content. Bone calcium and phosphor concentration was measured by a Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometer. Calcium contents of the rat femurs were significantly lower in the ovariectomized group than in the sham group eight weeks after the operation. Amlodipine treatment at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg significantly increased the calcium (P<0.01) and phosphor concentrations (P<0.01) in the femurs of ovariectomized rats, compared to those of control (ovariectomized) group. Both doses of lacidipine (1 and 3 mg/kg) also effectively increased calcium concentrations (P<0.01) significantly in ovariectomized rats. On the other hand amlodipine treatment at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg significantly increased the calcium (P<0.01) and phosphor concentrations (P<0.01) in the femurs of ovariectomized rats compared with those of the sham group. In conclusion, amlodipine and lacidipine improved the bone loss in an ovariectomy induced osteopenic rat model. Our findings suggest that potent calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine and lacidipine have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism, and an antihypertensive effect.     

Effects of tibolone on the development of osteopenia induced by ovariectomy in rats

Experimental osteopenia caused by ovariectomy in rats may reflect postmenopausal bone changes, which are the effect of osteogen deficiency. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of tibolone (0.25 mg/kg/day and 2.5 mg/kg po) administered for 4 weeks on the development of osteopenia caused by bilateral ovariectomy in 3-month-old female Wistar rats. The experiments were carried out on six groups of animals: I (C) - control sham operated rats, II (OVX) - ovariectomized rats, III (OVX + T-0.25) - ovariectomized rats which were administered tibolone at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg, IV (OVX + T-2.5) - ovariectomized rats which were administered tibolone at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, V (T-0.25) - sham operated rats which were administered tibolone at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg, VI (T-2.5) - sham operated rats which were administered tibolone at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. The following parameters were examined in all the groups: body weight gain, bone mass, length and diameter, mineral and calcium contents in the tibia and femur, endosteal and periosteal transverse growth, endosteal and periosteal osteoid width, transverse cross-section area of the cortical diaphysis and that of the marrow cavity in the tibia, epiphyseal cartilage width, trabeculae width in the epiphysis and metaphysis of the femur. Mechanical properties of the femur were also studied. Bilateral ovariectomy induced osteopenic skeletal changes in mature female rats. Tibolone (0.25 mg/kg/day and 2.5 mg/kg/day po) administered to ovariectomized rats for 28 days decreased the development of osteopenic skeletal changes induced by bilateral ovariectomy.     

丹红注射液对缺血性脑卒中大鼠药理作用机制影响研究

目的 探讨丹红注射液对缺血性脑卒中大鼠药理作用机制影响.方法 48只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、阳性组、实验组,每组12只.假手术组和模型组给予等剂量生理盐水静脉注射,阳性组给予静脉注射尤瑞克林,实验组给予静脉注射丹红注射液,均为每日1次,连续7 d.比较各组大鼠一般活动情况,HE染色病理组织变化及血脂水平、血液流变学、神经肽Y(NPY)、强啡肽(Dyn)、神经功能缺损评分变化.结果 阳性组和实验组总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平低于模型组,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平高于模型组(P<0.05);实验组TC、TG、LDL-C水平低于阳性组,而HDL-C高于阳性组(P<0.05);阳性组和实验组全血黏度高切、全血黏度低切水平低于模型组(P<0.05);实验组全血黏度高切、全血黏度低切水平低于阳性组(P<0.05);阳性组和实验组血浆NPY、Dyn水平低于模型组(P<0.05);实验组血浆NPY、Dyn水平低于阳性组(P<0.05);阳性组和实验组神经功能缺损程度评分低于模型组(P<0.05);实验组神经功能缺损程度评分低于阳性组(P<0.05).结论 丹红注射液可明显改善缺血性脑卒中大鼠血脂、血液流变学及神经功能,降低血浆NPY、Dyn水平,值得临床进一步研究.     

注射用伏立康唑前药在雌雄大鼠中代谢及毒性差异研究

目的：研究注射用伏立康唑前药（FLKZQY）在雌、雄大鼠中代谢及毒性差异,并观察SD大鼠体内性激素水平的变化对伏立康唑前药在大鼠体内代谢的影响,为其进一步临床应用提供依据。方法：选取5~6周龄SD大鼠,随机分成去势与伪手术组,雌、雄分开分组（雌、雄各半,每组8只）,手术后恢复3 d,然后连续7 d静脉注射120 mg·kg^-1·d^-1伏立康唑前药,于第7天进行眼眶采血。采用毒代动力学试验、酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法,检测其代谢及毒性差异。结果：毒代动力学结果显示,伪手术雌鼠药时曲线下面积（AUC）、最大血药浓度（C_max）、半衰期（t_1/2）均高于伪手术雄鼠;去势雌鼠最大血药浓度（C_max）、半衰期（t_1/2）均较伪手术雌鼠显著性降低（P<0.05）,药时曲线下面积（AUC）极其显著性降低（P<0.01）;去势雄鼠受试物组与伪手术雄鼠受试物组相比药时曲线下面积（AUC）、半衰期（t_1/2）、最大血药浓度（C_max）则升高,其中AUC与C_max差异显著（P<0.05）;ELISA结果显示中,与伪手术雌鼠相比,去势雌鼠的肝脏细胞色素P450同工酶CYP2C19、CYP2C9以及CYP3A4含量均明显增加（P<0.05）,去势雄鼠与伪手术雄鼠相比P450同工酶含量降低,但未达到统计学差异。结论：在本试验条件下,注射用伏立康唑前药在雌、雄大鼠体内的代谢存在性别差异。而性激素水平可能通过调节伏立康唑相关代谢酶水平从而对伏立康唑代谢产生影响。     

Influence of alpha-escin on the femoral bone strength in ovariectomized rats

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of alpha-escin (35 mg/kg po, daily) administered for 4 weeks on the femoral bone strength in 3-month-old ovariectomized Wistar rats. The experiments were carried out on four groups of animals: I (C)-control sham operated rats, II (OVX)-ovariectomized rats, III (E)-sham operated rats which were administered alpha-escin, IV (OVX+E)-ovariectomized rats which were administered alpha-escin. Bilateral ovariectomy caused osteopenic skeletal changes in mature female rats. alpha-Escin (35 mg/kg po, daily) administered to the ovariectomized rats for 28 days only to little extent decreased the development of osteopenic skeletal changes which were caused by bilateral ovariectomy. alpha-Escin (35 mg/kg po, daily) administered to the sham operated rats for 28 days caused slight changes in the skeletal system, which were characterized by the increase in the bone formation processes.