间接血凝试验和间接荧光抗体试验诊断人体包虫病的研究

应用间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡＴ）和间接荧光抗体试验（ＩＦＡＴ）对３０例包虫病患者的血清进行了检测，抗体阳性率分别为８６．７％和９０．０％，而肝囊肿、肝脓肿、肿瘤和旋毛虫病患者及健康人血清均为阴性反应，囊虫病患者的交叉反应率分别为３７．５％和３１．３％。包虫囊肿的部位、数量及囊肿是否破裂对检测结果有明显影响。包虫ＩＨＡＴ冻干抗原和包虫囊壁冰冻切片抗原在－２０℃可分别保存２ａ和３个月而不丧失活性。结果表明     

斑点免疫结合试验与间接血凝试验和对流免疫电泳试验在包虫病诊断中的比较

目的：为了进一步了解斑点免疫结合试验（ＤＩＢＡ）诊断包虫病的敏感性和特异性，进行血清特异抗体的检测，并与间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ）和对流免疫电泳试验（ＣＩＥＰ）作比较。方法：用羊肝细粒棘球蚴液抗原对９４例包虫病患者、２２例非包虫病患者和４５例健康人血清进行了ＤＩＢＡ、ＩＨＡ和ＣＩＥＰ。结果：ＤＩＢＡ、ＩＨＡ、ＣＩＥＰ的阳性率分别为９２．６％、８６．２％和６３．８％，ＤＩＢＡ的阳性率明显高于ＣＩＥＰ（Ｐ＜０．０１），而与ＩＨＡ无统计学差别；假阳性率分别为５．８％、９．０％和０。结论：ＤＩＢＡ的敏感性高于ＩＨＡ和ＣＩＥＰ，且与ＣＩＥＰ有显著差异；ＤＩＢＡ的特异性高于ＩＨＡ，但低于ＣＩＥＰ。在诊断包虫病时，应同时使用两种以上免疫试验，提高其确诊率     

斑点免疫结合试验与间接血凝试验和对流免疫电泳试验在包虫 …

为了进一步了解斑点免疫结合试验诊断包虫病的敏感性和特异性，进行血清特异抗体的检测，并与间接血凝试验和对流免疫电泳试验作比较。方法：用羊肝细胞粒棘球蚴液抗原对９４例包虫病患者，２２例非包虫病患者和４５例健康人血清进行了ＤＩＢＡ，ＩＨＡ和ＣＩＥＰ。     

198例囊虫病的免疫学检测与分析

本文收集了１９８例皮肌型及脑型囊虫病，分别经活检、计算机断层扫描（ＣＴ）或核磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）诊断为囊虫病，并具有相应临床症状。应用间接荧光抗体试验（ＩＦＡＴ）检测本组病人血清抗体，阳性率分别为皮肌型６６．６７％（５４／８１），脑型８２．０５％（９６／１１７）。对脑型中２０例患者的脑脊液和血清抗体进行检测对比，阳性率分别为５５％和８５％。实验表明，ＩＦＡＴ对于脑型囊虫病的抗体检出率高于皮肌型，在检测抗体诊断脑囊虫病时应首选血清标本。     

归国人员及精神病病人间接血凝试验检测弓形虫抗体的初探

用间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ），检测了３１８名归国人员和６０名精神病病人血清弓形虫抗体，共发现抗体阳性者１５人，感染率为３．９７％。其中精神病病人阳性７名，归国人员阳性８名，两者有显著差异。     

单克隆抗体反向IHAT检测囊虫病循环抗原

应用抗猪囊虫抗原的单克隆抗体反向间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡＴ），对临床确诊的囊虫病患者进行了血清循环抗原（ＣＡｇ）的检测，阳性率为５１．１４％（６７／１３１）。对１９例脑型囊虫病患者同时测定了血清和脑脊液中的ＣＡｇ，阳性率分别为４７．３６％和７８．９４％，总阳性率为８４．２１％。对治疗０．５３后的１９例患者检测时，血清和脑脊液中ＣＡｇ均呈阴性反应，而检测抗体仍呈阳性反应。５０例正常人、４９例其它寄生虫病及５例其它脑部疾病患者脑脊液的ＣＡｇ均呈阴性反应。结果提示：测定ＣＡｇ对囊虫病活动性感染的诊断及疗效判定均具有一定的实用价值。     

卫氏并殖吸虫固相抗原IFAT和IEST的比较研究

用卫氏并殖吸虫成虫、童虫固相抗原作间接荧光抗体试验（ＩＦＡＴ）免疫酶染色试验（ＩＥＳＴ）对比检测７９例肺吸虫感染者和２５４例健康人血清，两法的阳性率分别为９３．７％、８９．９％和９６．２％、９３．７％，假阳性率均为０。ＩＦＡＴ和ＩＥＳＴ对比检测２０例血吸虫病人血清、２５结支睾吸虫病人血清和２０例肺结核病人血清。ＩＦＡＴ出现的交叉反应率为１５％、４％、０和１５％、４％、０。ＩＦＳＴ出现的交叉反应率为     

玻片法环幼沉淀试验、间接血凝试验、免疫酶染色试验诊断旋毛虫病的研究

用玻片法环幼沉淀试验，间接血凝试验和免疫酶染色试验检测感染旋毛虫实验动物豚鼠血清特异性抗体，阳性率分别为９６．７％，１００％和９７．１％。同时检测阴性豚鼠、血吸虫病兔、肺吸虫病大白鼠和蛔虫病人与阳性豚鼠血清对比观察，除阳性鼠血清和１例肺吸虫病大白鼠血清ＩＨ－Ａ出现阳性反应外，其它对照血清三项试验均为阴性反应，表明其特异性强。     

间接荧光抗体试验诊断实验性旋毛虫病的研究

本文应用间接荧光抗体试验比较了４种方法制备的旋毛虫幼虫抗原诊断实验性旋毛虫病的效果。结果表明，旋毛虫纯净幼虫冰冻切片抗原优于完整幼虫抗原、超声粉碎幼虫抗原及膈肌幼虫冰冻切片抗原。用此抗原检测感染旋毛虫的大鼠血清时，抗体阳性率为１００％（１３／１３），而１０份正常大鼠血清均为阴性反应。小鼠感染旋毛虫后２周即可检测到抗旋毛虫抗体，阳性率为１１．１１％（１／９），感染后５周抗体阳性率已升到１００％（８／８），升高的抗体滴度可一直持续至感染后第１５周。此抗原在－２０℃至少可保存２．５年而不丧失其活性和特异性。应用滤纸血也可取得满意的检测结果。     

斑点免疫结合试验和酶联免疫吸附试验诊断包虫病的评价

用人肝棘球蚴液抗原对包虫病、非包虫病患者和健康人进行了斑点免疫结合试验（ＤＩＢＡ）和酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）。结果显示，这两种酶免疫检测方法的敏感性分别为９８％和１００％，特异性分别为９８．７％和９８．１％，但ＤＩＢＡ具有节省抗原、试剂，不需特殊仪器设备，结果可长期保存等优点，更适用于临床诊断和流行病学调查。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.