多枚药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病远期疗效

目的回顾性分析经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)患者植入单枚与多枚(≥3枚)药物洗脱支架远期预后差异。方法466例接受PCI治疗并植入药物洗脱支架患者,分为单个药物洗脱支架组(373例)和多枚药物洗脱支架组(93例)。比较两组的基础临床情况和12个月主要心脏不良事件(死亡、心肌梗死、靶血管血运重建)。结果与单枚药物洗脱支架组相比,多枚药物洗脱支架组有更多患者伴有高血压、糖尿病和心功能不良,随访17个月主要心脏不良事件发生率(17.2%)较单个药物洗脱支架组(8.6%)明显增加(P＜0.05)。结论与植入单个药物洗脱支架患者比较,植入多个药物洗脱支架患者远期预后不佳。     

冠状动脉内药物洗脱支架扩张不良造影和血管内超声随访

冠状动脉内支架术已经成为目前临床上治疗冠心病最有效法方法之一 ,可显著降低并发症并改善患者远期预后 ,但是 15 %～ 30 %患者可出现远期再狭窄。近年来药物洗脱支架的临床应用可明显降低再狭窄发生率 ,然而相对于普通支架 ,药物洗脱支架选用较长且最好一次性释放 ,因此可能出现病变严重处支架扩张不全。本研究旨在通过血管造影和血管内超声随访观察冠状动脉内药物洗脱支架扩张不良对预后的影响。材料和方法一、病例资料2 0 0 2年 4月～ 2 0 0 3年 7月因冠心病行药物洗脱支架治疗且于术后 8个月行血管造影及血管内超声 (IVUS)随访患者 1…     

药物洗脱支架治疗老年女性多支冠脉病变的临床研究

目的探讨药物洗脱支架(DES)治疗老年女性多支冠状动脉病变的疗效及安全性。方法2002年10月～2005年6月经冠脉造影证实为多支冠状动脉病变老年(≥65岁)女性患者387例,均行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI),其中DES组139例,普通金属支架(BMS)组248例。比较两组支架术后近期及远期的临床疗效。结果DES组糖尿病患者的比例明显高于BMS组(42.4%vs29.8%,P<0.05)。两组高血压病和心功能不全的比例、冠状动脉病变的严重程度、PCI成功率及并发症发生率均无统计学差异。对371例患者随访6～36个月(20.8±12.6个月),DES组和BMS组造影随访率分别为53.7%和56.1%,无明显差异(P>0.05),但DES组复查造影再狭窄率和主要不良心脏事件(MACE)发生率均明显低于BMS组(分别为4.2%vs15.8%和7.5%vs17.3%,P<0.05)。结论老年女性多支病变患者应用多枚DES的成功率高,严重并发症少,术后再狭窄率低,长期临床疗效良好。     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架在冠心病合并2型糖尿病中的疗效

目的　评估冠心病合并 2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉 (冠脉 )内植入雷帕霉素洗脱支架的临床疗效。方法　 10 1例 2型糖尿病患者接受冠脉内支架术 ,其中 6 7例植入雷帕霉素洗脱支架 (SES组 ) ,34例接受普通金属支架 (BMS组 )。比较两组的一般临床情况、冠脉造影和支架术 ,以及远期心脏不良事件发生率。结果　两组即刻手术成功率均为 10 0 % ,且无严重并发症发生。平均随访 1年中 ,SES组远期心脏不良事件发生率显著低于BMS组 (7.5 %比 32 .4 % ,P =0 .0 0 1)。结论　冠心病合并 2型糖尿病患者中植入雷帕霉素洗脱支架安全有效 ;与普通支架相比 ,药物洗脱支架能显著降低心脏不良事件发生率     

重叠药物洗脱支架术治疗冠状动脉长病变的临床疗效

目的评估重叠药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉长病变的疗效。方法47例患者53处长病变(≥30 mm)接受重叠冠脉药物洗脱支架术治疗(DES组),47例51处病变接受重叠金属裸支架患者作为对照组(BMS组)。比较两组临床情况、造影及介入治疗特征、临床和造影随访结果。结果两组介入治疗前临床情况和冠脉造影结果无显著差异。DES组植入支架较多,病变长度、支架覆盖总长度大于对照组,且血管内径小于BMS组。DES组复发胸痛者显著少于对照组(6%和38%,P<0.01),DES术后支架内晚期管腔丢失显著低于对照组[(0.1±0.03)mm和(1.1±0.41)mm,P<0.01],支架内再狭窄和靶血管再次血运重建率显著低于对照组(4.3%和34.0%;6.4%和44.7%,P<0.01),严重心脏不良事件发生率显著降低(6%和45%,P<0.01)。结论与金属裸支架相比,重叠药物洗脱支架术治疗冠状动脉超长病变能显著降低支架内再狭窄率、靶血管再次血运重建率及严重心脏不良事件发生率。DES治疗冠脉超长病变安全有效。     

介入性完全性血运重建对冠状动脉多支病变患者长期预后的影响

目的 比较单支和多支冠状动脉病变患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后的远期预后以及实施完全性或不完全性血运重建对后者长期临床疗效的影响. 资料与方法 959例冠心病患者行选择性冠状动脉内支架置入术,其中单支病变组(single-vessel disease,SVD)362例,多支病变完全性血运重建组(complete revascularization,CR)291 例,多支病变不完全性血运重建组(incomplete revascularization,IR)306例,对比分析3组患者PCI手术后2.5年随访结果. 结果 与CR组比较,IR组患者中冠状动脉病变严重程度、3支病变比例、左主干病变、分叉病变数量均高 (P＜0.05) ,病变数目少而平均置入支架数多(P＜0.05).SVD组冠状动脉病变平均狭窄程度重而植入支架长度和直径均小于另两组(P＜0.05).IR组再发心绞痛(P＜0.05)、再次血运重建比例(P＜0.01)和MACE事件发生率(P＜0.05)均显著高于另两组. 结论 通过行PCI术实现完全性血运重建的多支冠状动脉病变患者长期预后效果与单支病变者类似,优于不完全性血运重建者.     

冠状动脉左主干狭窄72例临床分析及不同治疗方法的疗效比较

目的:观察左冠状动脉主干病变(LMCA)患者的临床特征,并比较药物治疗、经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)及冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)这三种治疗方法的近期及远期疗效.方法:回顾性收集2007年1月～2009年6月在我院住院治疗的保存完整的72例LMCA患者的临床资料及CAG结果.根据左主干管径狭窄程度定50%～69%为Ⅰ级病变,70%～89%为Ⅱ级病变,90%～99%为Ⅲ级病变,100%完全闭塞为Ⅳ级病变.根据其他冠脉受累情况分为:单纯左主干组、左主干+1支组、左主干+2支组及左主干+3支组.2009年11月～12月对上述患者进行了随访,观察死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、再次进行冠脉血运重建术等终点事件的发生情况及心绞痛复发情况.结果:①临床资料比较:左主干病变总的心绞痛发生率为83.3%,各组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05).心肌梗死发生率为59.7%,LM并3支组与其余各组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05),单纯LM组射血分数明显高于LM并3支组(P＜0.01)和LM并2支组(P＜0.05);②.单纯左主干组6例(8.3%),左主干+1支组6例(8.3%),左主干+2支组11例(15.3%),左主干+3支组49例(68.1%).左主干Ⅰ级病变32例(44.4%),Ⅱ级病变21例(29.2%),Ⅲ级病变18例(25%),完全闭塞1例;③.近期疗效:药物治疗、PCI及CABG组之间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).远期疗效比较:血运重建组的死亡率和心肌梗死发生率显著低于药物治疗组(P＜0.05).PCI与药物治疗两组间的血运重建率没有差异(P＞0.05),这两组的血运重建率明显高于CABG组(P＜0.05).心绞痛复发的情况,PCI及CABG组与药物治疗组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:经过选择的无保护LMCA病变支架置入术是可行和安全的,并可取得较好近、远期疗效.冠状动脉血运重建,无论是PCI还是CABG对于左主干病变均比单纯药物治疗有延长寿命,减少远期终点事件的作用.     

高龄冠心病患者药物洗脱支架术的临床疗效

目的　评估高龄冠心病患者冠脉内植入药物洗脱支架的临床安全性和远期预后。方法　连续 2 39例接受冠脉内药物洗脱支架术治疗的冠心病患者中 ,≥ 70岁 88例 (高龄组 ) ,<70岁 15 1例 (对照组 )。记录并比较两组一般临床情况、手术成功率、心绞痛复发和远期心脏事件总发生率。结果　两组支架术的手术成功率与并发症相似。随访期间 ,高龄组和对照组心绞痛复发率为 2 3.9%和 7.3% (P <0 .0 0 1) ,心脏事件总发生率为 5 .7%和 2 .7% (P <0 .0 0 1)。冠脉造影随访两组的再狭窄发生率无显著差异。结论　 70岁以上高龄冠心病患者冠脉内植入药物洗脱支架安全、成功率高 ,但其缓解临床心绞痛症状较年轻患者差     

血管内超声指导介入治疗冠状动脉分叉病变临床研究

目的探讨血管内超声（IVUS）对冠状动脉真性分叉病变介入治疗的指导作用及对远期预后的影响。方法选取2010年4月至2014年1月接受双支架治疗的冠状动脉分叉病变患者62例,随机分为IVUS组（32例）和冠状动脉造影组（30例）,比较两组冠状动脉主支和分支近端和远端最小管腔直径（MLD）、最小管腔横截面积（MLA）、参照管腔直径（RLD）及病变长度、植入支架直径和长度,并记录术后12个月支架内血栓、靶病变血运重建（TLR）、主要不良心血管事件（MACE）。结果 IVUS组主支和分支MLD 高于冠状动脉造影组（P＞0.05）,MLA、RLD、植入支架直径和长度均高于冠状动脉造影组（P＜0.05）,IVUS组支架内血栓、TLR、MACE发生率均低于冠状动脉造影组（P＞0.05）。结论 IVUS指导经皮冠脉介入治疗（PCI）双支架植入治疗冠状动脉分叉病变,有助于优化支架植入,改善PCI远期预后。     

老年无保护左主干病变介入术后长期疗效分析

目的 观察药物洗脱支架(drug-eluting stent,DES)治疗老年无保护左主干(unprotected left main artery,ULM)冠状动脉病变长期临床疗效.资料与方法 分析老年ULM病变冠心病患者的临床特点,并随访置人DES 后远期主要心脏血管事件(major adverse cardiac and cerebral events,MACCE).结果 老年组冠状动脉病变SYNTAX评分更高(P=0.040),慢性闭塞病变(chronic total occlusion,CTO)比例和合并2支病变以上比例明显高于中青年组(P<0.05).老年组发生MACCE共21例,中青年组仅17例,差异有显著统计学意义(Log rank,P=0.034).两组远期死亡、心肌梗死、再次血运重建类似.合并2型糖尿病的老年ULM患者MACCE明显高于单纯老年ULM (Log rank,P=0.037).结论 老年ULM患者冠状动脉病变严重,DES治疗后远期疗效可以接受;2型糖尿病是老年ULM患者MACCE的预测因子.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.