经桡动脉行冠脉造影306例临床分析

目的：探讨经桡动脉行冠脉造影的可行性、安全性、手术成功率和并发症。方法：回顾性调查2006年1月至2008年11月接受冠脉造影患者共306例,对冠脉介入操作导管进入途径的临床资料进行分析。结果：经桡动脉行冠脉造影成功295例,成功率96.4%,男性成功率96.8%,女性成功率96.0%。术后前臂张力性血肿4例（1.3%）,桡动脉闭塞4例（1.3%）,无其它并发症。结论：经桡动脉行冠脉造影安全、可行,且并发症少,可减轻患者的痛苦。     

经桡动脉行冠脉造影20例体会

经皮冠状动脉造影术是目前诊断冠心病及进一步行冠脉介入治疗的基础，其最常见路径为股动脉途径，本文就近两年经桡动脉途径行冠脉造影病例做一总结，现报告如下。     

经桡动脉行冠脉造影不同类型5F造影导管应用比较

目的 比较不同类型5F造影导管在经桡动脉途径行冠脉造影的手术成功率、安全性。方法采用回顾性调查的方法对268例接受经桡动脉途径行冠脉造影患者的临床资料进行分析。结果共用型导管组136例中经桡动脉途径使用共用导管完成左冠状动脉造影133例（97．8％），完成右冠脉造影12.9例（94．9％）；Judkins型导管组132例中经桡动脉途径使用Judikins导管完成左冠状动脉造影121例（91．7％），完成右冠脉造影122例（92．4％）。共用型导管组的造影成功率高于Judkins型导管组（P〈0．05）。共用型导管组冠状动脉造影平均X线透视时间和手术操作时间较judikin型导管组明显减少（P〈0．01）。共用型导管组桡动脉痉挛发生率2．94％，judikins组为9．09％，两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论使用5F共用型导管组经桡动脉行冠脉造影可提高手术操作成功率，缩短手术操作时间及X线透视时间，减少桡动脉痉挛的发生。     

经桡动脉途径冠状动脉造影50例临床分析

2004年9月至2005年8月我院完成经桡动脉冠状动脉造影术50例,现报告如下.     

经桡动脉途径行冠脉造影和介入治疗1324例的临床分析

目的研究经桡动脉对患者行冠状动脉造影（CAG）和经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗的可行性和安全性。方at2009年10月～2012年12月的经桡动脉行冠状动脉造影（CAG）和经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗1324例患者临床资料进行分析。结果经桡动脉穿刺成功1324例,成功率为100％;桡动脉插管成功1320例,成功率为99．70％,其中623例病人成功行冠状动脉介入治疗。术中、术后并发症：血管迷走反射2例,桡动脉痉挛21例,术后穿刺部位小血肿2例,前臂肿胀7例,未见其他不良并发症。结论经桡动脉行冠状动脉介入诊疗安全可行,不仅创伤小,且成功率高、并发症少,值得临床推广应用。     

经皮桡动脉途径冠脉造影136例分析

应用桡动脉径路进行冠状动脉造影较股动脉径路穿刺部位并发症少，术后患者卧床时间和住院时间短、费用减少等优点，逐渐被人们接受。我们总结本院应用经桡动脉径路行冠状动脉造影的体会，评价经皮桡动脉冠状动脉造影的安全性及其临床价值，经皮桡动脉途径行冠脉造影是安全可靠的，可作为经股动脉途径的补充，也可作为首选途径进行冠状动脉造影。     

400例经桡动脉冠脉造影的护理体会

目的探讨经皮穿刺桡动脉行冠脉造影术的术前、术中、术后护理方法,指导临床护理工作.方法对400例冠心病患者进行冠状动脉造影术,并在治疗中采取相应的护理及监测措施.结果全部400病例中,2例患者穿刺不成功,10例患者因术中多次穿刺,术后局部有轻微瘀斑,1例患者出现迷走神经反射,其余病例无其他并发症发生,术后护理效果满意.结论精心的护理,完善的术前准备,严密的术中和术后护理是提高手术成功率、预防和处理并发症的关键.     

冠状动脉造影180例临床价值分析

目的分析冠状动脉造影的临床意义。方法选取拟诊断为冠心病的患者180例,根据疾病类型分三组,稳定型心绞痛组48例,不稳定型心绞痛组90例,心肌梗死组42例,均行冠状动脉造影术,分析动脉穿刺及造影结果。结果180例患者均造影成功,其中172例患者经桡动脉途径造影,7例经肱动脉,1例经股动脉穿刺造影,冠状动脉造影总阳性率为68.9%,其中心肌梗死组的阳性率显著高于稳定型和不稳定型心绞痛组(P<0.01),而不稳定型与稳定型心绞痛患者的阳性率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。稳定型心绞痛组单支病变与多支病变相差不大,不稳定型心绞痛组以单支病变为主,心梗则以多支病变为主。结论经桡动脉途径行冠脉介入诊疗是安全可靠的,并发症少,能减轻患者的痛苦,冠脉造影仍被视为冠心病诊断的"金标准"。     

经桡动脉穿刺行冠脉造影1例

男性,71岁,因患高血压冠心、Ⅱ型糖尿病、心绞痛、病态窦房结综合征合并房室传导阻滞于2002年7月2日入院.平时常因心率缓慢而诱发心绞痛.入院后一周为其安装了永久心脏起搏器,起搏频率70 bpm,心绞痛得以缓解.为了解其冠脉供血情况,于2002年7月19日经桡动脉途径行冠脉造影.     

经桡动脉途径冠脉造影术后血管闭塞的临床观察

目前部分医师采用绕动脉途径进行冠脉造影,因桡动脉比较表浅,其下方紧邻桡骨,局部压迫止血较容易。但因桡动脉较细,有压迫止血用力过度容易引起桡动脉闭塞的担忧。观察病例选自笔者在第四军医大学西京医院心内科进修期间2004年5月至9月单纯冠状动脉造影术患者。     

经桡动脉冠状动脉介入术后桡动脉狭窄及闭塞的危险因素分析

目的探讨经桡动脉途径冠状动脉介入术后桡动脉狭窄及闭塞的危险因素。方法观察323例经桡动脉人路成功行冠状动脉介入术的患者,应用彩色多普勒超声评价患者是否发生桡动脉狭窄及闭塞,据此将观察病例分为正常组（n=256）和桡动脉狭窄及闭塞组（n=67）。比较两组患者的临床特征,通过多因素Logistic回归分析探索引起术后桡动脉狭窄及闭塞的危险因素。结果67例（20．74％）患者术后发生桡动脉狭窄甚至闭塞。单因素分析显示,桡动脉狭窄及闭塞组女性、糖尿病、既往TRI或TRA史、反复穿刺、留置鞘管患者的比例高于正常组,鞘管留置时间、压迫止血时间大于正常组;而桡动脉内径与鞘管外径的比值（RAID／SOD）及术中肝素用量小于正常组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示糖尿病、RAID／SOD、术中肝素用量、鞘管留置时间及压迫止血时间是桡动脉狭窄及闭塞的独立危险因素。结论选择与桡动脉内径匹配的动脉鞘管、足够强度的抗凝治疗、减少鞘管留置的时间及压迫止血的时间,有利于减少术后桡动脉狭窄及闭塞的发生,对糖尿病患者及桡动脉内径较小的患者更应注意采取预防措施。     

Clinical study of arterial anatomic variations for transradial coronary procedure in Chinese population

Background The radial artery is currently regarded as a useful approach for coronary intervention procedures. Adequate anatomical information of the radial artery should be helpful in performing transradial coronary procedures. Few data about the Chinese population have been obtained in this field. Therefore, we tried to evaluate the incidence and clinical significance of anomalous patterns, and their influence on the intervention procedure. Methods In an estimated sample of 3000 cases, radial artery and subclavical artery angiography were performed after insertion of the sheath and coronary angiography （CA）. The evaluable data including branch anomaly, tortuosity of the radial artery and procedural characteristics were analyzed. The procedure success was defined as CA or percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） completed with the initial radial artery approach without changing to other routes. Results In this study, 1897 cases of CA was undertaken and 1103 cases of CA combined with PCI were performed. The success rate of transradial intervention （TRI） was 96.6% （2899/3000）. The approach in 44 cases was changed to the contralateral radial artery and 57 cases were changed to the brachial artery or femoral artery due to failure with the initial radial artery approach. The angiography of the upper limb artery was performed in all cases. Anatomic variations of upper limb arteries were noted in 610 patients （20.3%）, which included tortuous configurations of the radial artery （5.0%）, hypoplasias （2.2%）, radioulnar loop （1.1%）, abnormal origin of the radial artery （7.7%）, stenosis of radial artery （1.4%）, a tortuous configuration of the brachial artery （0.9%）, a tortuous configurations of the subclavian artery （1.9%）, lusoria subclavian artery （0.1%）, and subclavian artery occlusion （0.03%）. The procedural success rate in the normal population was higher than in the variation group （97.6% vs 93.0%, P 〈0.001）. In addition, other procedural outcomes and incidence of complications except radial artery occlusion were also significantly superior to variation group. Conclusions Anatomic variations of the radial artery were common, making up an important limitation in the trans- radial approach. Selection of appropriate instruments and understanding some tips and tricks were helpful to overcome the obstacles and effectively reduce the learning curve.     

经皮桡动脉穿刺介入治疗冠心病

目的讨论经皮桡动脉穿刺介入治疗冠心病的可行性和安全性。方法78例冠心病患者经皮桡动脉途径介入治疗。结果73例(94%)经桡动脉途径,5例(6.4%)桡动脉穿刺置管失败者改由同侧肱动脉穿刺置管,均一次成功。未发现桡动脉搏动消失、远端肢体坏死、手功能障碍等并发症。结论冠心病患者经桡动脉行冠状动脉血管成形术并发症少、安全性高、费用低。     

70岁以上老年病人经桡动脉途径冠状动脉造影的经验体会

目的 :探讨老年病人经桡动脉途径进行冠状动脉造影术的可行性和安全性。方法 :1、对象 :10 4名病人 ,男性 80人 ,女性 2 4人 ,平均年龄 (74.2± 4.4)岁。临床诊断 :稳定性心绞痛 3 6例 (3 4.6% ) ,不稳定性心绞痛 2 2例(2 1.1% ) ,急性心肌梗死 2 7例 (2 6.0 % ) ,其它 19例 (18.3 % )。 2、方法 :(1)Allen试验 ;(2 )桡动脉穿刺 :置入 5F或 6F动脉鞘管 ;(4 )用药 :动脉鞘内注入 2 -5mg异搏啶或 2mg异舒吉 ;静脉注射肝素 5 0mg ;(5 )造影顺序 :右冠、左冠和左室造影 ;(6)造影完成后 ,立刻拨出鞘管 ,加压包扎 ,2小时后改为普通包扎。结果 :1、手术结果 :10 0例获得成功 ,成功率为 96.2 %。 4例失败的原因是 :2例因桡动脉穿刺和插管未成功 ,2例因锁骨下动脉硬化和迂曲而不能插管至冠脉开口处 ;2、造影结果 :13例冠脉正常 ,17例单支病变 ,3 3例双支病变 ,3 7例三支病变。 3、导管选择 :(1)右冠造影 :10 0例中 ,97例用Judkins右冠导管 ,2例用Amplatz右冠导管 ,1例用Amplatz左冠导管 ;(2 )左冠造影 :90例用Jud kins左冠导管 ,8例用Amplatz左冠导管 ,2例用Voda左冠导管。结论 :在老年病人经桡动脉进行冠状动脉造影是一种安全可行的介入诊断新途径 ,具有止血容易、术后无须卧床休息、病人痛苦小和并发症少等优点     

桡动脉止血装置在经桡动脉冠状动脉造影术后应用的临床研究

目的：探讨桡动脉止血装置TR Band（日本Terumo公司生产）在经桡动脉径路行冠状动脉造影术后应用的安全性及有效性。方法：选取Allen试验阳性并经桡动脉径路行冠状动脉造影的40例患者,随机将患者分为两组：TR Band组（20例）,“8”字绷带包扎组（20例）,于冠状动脉造影术后,分别用桡动脉止血装置TR Band及弹力绷带“8”字包扎止血,比较两种方法的止血效果、止血耗时、患者舒适度、静脉回流情况、压迫侧大拇指血氧饱和度、压迫侧手部、前臂肿胀、青淤现象。结果：TR Band组与“8”字绷带包扎组比较,在止血效果、压迫侧大拇指血氧饱和度方面无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,而在止血时间、患者舒适度上TR Band组优于“8”字绷带包扎组（P〈0.05）,静脉回流障碍、压迫侧手部、前臂肿胀、青淤现象少于“8”字绷带包扎组（P〈0.05）。结论：经桡动脉径路行冠状动脉造影,术后应用桡动脉止血装置TR Band安全、有效。     

经皮桡动脉冠状动脉造影术和介入治疗的临床应用

目的:探讨经皮桡动脉冠状动脉造影和介入治疗的安全性和可行性。方法:121例拟诊冠心病患者术前均接受Allen′s试验检查,选择右侧桡动脉为穿刺径路,使用6F桡动脉专用鞘管,5F桡动脉造影导管和6F指引导管。结果:桡动脉穿刺成功119例,成功率为98.3%;造影成功112例,成功率为92.5%,9例失败,其中7例为老年女性患者;14例行PCI治疗。局部血肿1例(0.9%),术后无桡动脉闭塞、出血、夹层等血管并发症发生。结论:经皮桡动脉冠脉造影术和介入治疗安全、可行,经桡动脉穿刺局部并发症少,病人更乐意接受,值得推广。选择病例时对于身材矮小、桡动脉搏动细弱的老年女性应慎重。     

Assessment of early radial injury after transradial coronary intervention by high-resolution ultrasound biomicroscopy: innovative technology application

Background  Transradial coronary intervention (TRI) introduces injury to the radial artery (RA) which will affect repeat transradial coronary procedure and the quality as a bypass conduit. We sought to compare the early radial injury after TRI between first-TRI and repeat-TRI by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).

Methods  A total of 1116 patients who underwent the transradial coronary procedures were enrolled. The patients depending on whether for the first time to accept transradial coronary procedure were divided into first-TRI group and repeat-TRI group. The RA was examined by UBM before and one day after the procedure.

Results  Compared with first-TRI group, the mean RA diameter of repeat-TRI one day after the procedure decreased significantly (P <0.05). In first-TRI group, the mean RA diameter was (2.32±0.53) and (1.93±0.57) mm before procedure and one day after the procedure respectively (P <0.05). In repeat-TRI group, the mean RA diameter was (2.37±0.51) and (1.79±0.54) mm before procedure and one day after the procedure, respectively (P <0.01). Compared with first-TRI group, the mean RA diameter was reduced significantly in repeat-TRI group one day after the procedure (P <0.05). The early radial injuries and intimal thickening were compared between first-TRI and repeat-TRI. The mean intima-media thickness of RA was (0.24±0.13) mm and (0.59±0.28) mm before procedure and one day after the procedure in first-TRI group. The mean intima-media thickness of RA was (0.29±0.16) mm and (0.68±0.32) mm before procedure and one day after the procedure in repeat-TRI group. Compared with first-TRI group, the mean intimal thickening was increased significantly in repeat-TRI group one day after the procedure (P <0.05). Intimal dissection, stenosis and occlusion were all significantly greater in repeat-TRI RAs (P <0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed that diameter, repeated TRI procedure and PCI procedure were the independent predictors of intimal thickening.

Conclusions  RA early injuries were greater in repeat-TRI patients than in first-TRI patients. We first use high-resolution UBM imaging to demonstrate the rate of radial injury and revealed that diameter, repeated TRI procedure and PCI procedure were the independent predictors of intimal thickening.

     

经皮桡动脉穿刺介入术治疗冠心病的临床应用

目的探讨经皮桡动脉穿刺行冠状动脉造影(CAG)和介入治疗的安全性及可行性。方法 2011年11月至2013年11月于明光市人民医院内科住院行选择性CAG和/或经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术(PCI)的患者174例。选择桡动脉博动良好,且Allen's试验阳性患者进入桡动脉组(n=110),余下归入股动脉组(n=64)。观察两组患者手术成功率和术后并发症情况。结果两组患者接受选择性CAG和/或PCI的手术成功率差异无统计学意义;经桡动脉介入组的假性动脉瘤、排尿困难和腰痛的发生率为10.9%、43.75%和60.94%,显著低于股动脉组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001);两组均无远端肢体缺血。结论经皮桡动脉冠状动脉造影和介入治疗安全、可行、局部并发症少,患者舒适度高,值得推广,但介入医师需要一定的经验。     

经桡动脉实施冠心病介入诊治围手术期护理

目的强化经桡动脉途径实施冠状动脉介入诊疗围手术期护理,避免危险因素发生,达到最佳诊疗效果。方法回顾分析386例接受冠脉造影加支架置入患者的临床资料,寻找即往护理薄弱环节,采取护理应对。结果386例患者病变血管再通,无局部出血及血肿等并发症。结论经桡动脉途径行冠状动脉介入治疗,其手术安全,并发症少,且护理有效配合起到重要作用。