武警部队将对医疗保障制度进行改革

依照国家、军队医疗保障制度改革方案和相关配套制度,武警部队将结合实际进行医疗保障制度的改革。2000年将首先抓好就近划区医疗改革试点,试行持卡就医办法,完善就地医疗制度,2001年将全面推进新的医疗保障制度武警部队将对医疗保障制度进行改革@张萍     

外军卫勤研究系列讲座（77） 外军医疗保障体制有关情况介绍

军队医疗保障制度是指在一定历史条件下形成的军队人员医疗待遇、医疗服务保障方式、医疗经费运行机制等方面的制度体系。一直以来,军队医疗保障都是世界各国军队卫勤保障体制改革的重要内容。多年来,各国军队一直在积极探索建立一种既能保障全体军队成员“公平”地获得基本医疗服务,又能有效调控医疗费用、合理利用卫生资源的军队医疗保障制度。     

我国城镇医疗保障制度存在的问题及改革的基本思路

《国务院关于建立城镇职工基本医疗保障制度的决定》的贯彻实施,标志着我国城镇医疗保障制度进入了一个崭新的阶段〔1〕。但是,与社会的需要和形势的发展相比,这个制度还存在不少问题,亟需改革。这里,只对医疗保障金的筹集、支付、医疗救助和医疗立法谈点浅见。1我国城镇医疗保     

确保空勤医疗重点 切实加强医疗保障管理

我院在体系航空兵部队医疗保障、健康鉴定工作方面,突出空勤医疗工作重点,加强医疗保障管理,积极搞好优质服务,认真做好空勤健康鉴定工作。1995年以来,共收治空勤病员988人次,门诊7124人次,做健康鉴定49人次,为住院空勤人员补贴医疗费用50余万元,较好地完成了空勤医疗保障工作任务。现将有关经验总结如下。     

维和二级医院医疗物资管理的探索与实践

维和医疗分队医疗物资装备管理贯穿于维和医疗行动的全过程。在执行联合国维和医疗保障任务中,我们对维和二级医疗分队医疗物资管理进行了探索与实践,圆满完成了任务。现报告如下。     

武警水电部队医疗保障初探

随着我国改革开放的深入,武警水电部队已从计划经济时期的整师建制独立施工转变为以大队甚至中队为单位的高度分散的合作施工,给部队的医疗保障和医疗体系建设带来了许多困难,形成了武警水电系统医疗队伍相对集中,医疗对象高度分散的矛盾现状.武警部队的医疗保障制度改革对提高医疗服务质量和保障水平,规范医疗秩序、确保广大官兵、职工和家属的健康具有十分重要的意义.     

军队医院合理医疗用药改革实践总结

为维护军队人员健康利益，提高医疗保障水平，保障官兵健康，增强部队凝聚力、战斗力，中央军委于2004年颁发了《军队医疗保障制度改革方案》。总后勤部卫生部为了确保军队合理医疗用药，根据中央军委颁发的《军队医疗保障制度改革方案》及其配套文件，制定了《军队合理医疗用药范围管理办法》（以下简称《管理办法》）和《军队合理医疗药品目录》（以下简称《药品目录》）。要求军队各级医疗机构结合本身的实际情况，开展合理医疗用药规范工作。     

我院军队优惠家属实行军地医疗保险双轨运行办法初探

根据总后勤部提出的要深化医疗保障制度改革,特别是军人家属的医疗保障,要与社会医疗保障体制相衔接,我院认真学习相关文件,借鉴经验,自2011年5月起,开始对军队优惠医疗家属住院费用结算与社会医疗保险费用结算实行并轨运行,制定《关于施行优惠医疗家属实行军地医疗保险双规运行的通知》。     

经中央军委主席江泽民批准《军队医疗保障制度改革方案》今年5月起正式施行

●军人免费医疗●随军家属优惠医疗●军队职工保险医疗本刊讯陈锐、《解放军报》记者范炬炜、本刊记者魏火亘报道:经江泽民主席批准,中央军委日前颁发了《军队医疗保障制度改革方案》,决定从2004年5月起在全军正式施行。《军队医疗保障制度改革方案》是针对军队现行医疗保障制度存在的矛盾和问题,在先行试点和扩大试点的基础上,广泛征求各大单位和广大官兵的意见建议,参照国家有关规定,结合军队实际制定的。该《方案》共4个部分30条,全面系统地阐述了军队医疗保障制度改革的任务、原则、主要内容、配套措施、组织实施办法等。《方案》明确了…     

部队医疗保障面过宽带来的压力初探

随着社会主义市场经济体制的建立和国家医疗保障体制的改革,医疗市场保障机制和价格关系已经发生了很大变化,部队医疗保障的需求与供给的矛盾日益突出,现行的纯福利标准制的超负荷保障机制已很难完成其使命。１现行的保障面范围武警部队现行的医疗保障范围是依据总部政...     

Medical support of the Navy ships during long-term sailing

The article presents peculiarities of organization of medical equipment of ships on service. The main of them are: a big farness from the base, necessity of realizing a qualified medical aid on the board because of uncapability of evacuation the patients to medical treatment facility in time, unsteady sanitarian-epidemiological status in areas of floats and in places of put in, influence of negative factors of inhabitation of ships, which calls different changes in functional condition of staff. Medical security consists of 3 parts: avance-float period, float period and after-float period. Such periodicity allows dividing efforts of medical security more professionally. The authors presents data, based on the experience of medical securing of the ships of crash team, created in the Northern Navy during the period from 3.12.2007 to 3.02.2008, realized a float from the base to Mediterranean Sea and back. Total distance was 15 sea miles, total duration was 62 days.     

美国海军机动卫勤保障特点及对我军的启示

美国海军机动卫勤保障具有力量多样庞大、组织灵活机动、方式科学高效、水平优质全面等特点。通过分析美国海军机动卫勤保障建设目的、现状及特点,提出提高卫勤指挥员决策能力、增强海上医疗救治与后送能力、提升疾病防控与环境适应能力、合理利用医疗舱室及装备等意见建议,以期为我海军机动卫勤保障建设提供借鉴参考。     

Infectious disease rates in the U.S. Navy, 1980 to 1995.

The effect of increasing numbers of women in the U.S. Navy, particularly those aboard Navy ships, on infectious disease risk is unknown. This study examines gender and other demographic differences among all U.S. Navy enlisted personnel in first hospitalizations for infectious diseases from 1980 through 1989 and identifies trends in incidence rates during the extended period from 1980 to 1995. All data were obtained from official personnel and medical records. First hospitalization rates were computed using the Epidemiological Interactive System. Varicella and other viruses and chlamydiae accounted for more than 20,000 hospitalizations among Navy enlisted personnel in the 1980s. In 7 of the 12 categories of common infectious diseases, women's rates were higher than those for men, particularly for viral meningitis, herpes simplex, syphilis, gonococcal disease, and candidiasis. An excess of certain common infectious diseases among women and nonwhite ethnic groups emphasizes the need for continuing education and surveillance in these populations.     

Contraceptive use and attitudes toward family planning in Navy enlisted women and men.

Little is known about the contraceptive behavior and beliefs of Navy personnel. Nevertheless, the Navy, in its role as primary medical provider for its personnel, needs to know whether sailors have access to effective birth control and are sufficiently informed about contraception to make wise choices. As part of the Women Aboard Navy Ships Comprehensive Health and Readiness Project conducted at the Naval Health Research Center in San Diego, California, contraceptive use and attitudes toward family planning were assessed through a survey administered to 714 enlisted women and 665 enlisted men on 15 ships. Contraceptive use was not related to gender, age, marital status, pay grade, race, or education. More favorable family planning attitudes were related to contraceptive use. Women and men differed in their attitudes toward family planning, with women's responses more positive than men's. The results highlight the need for research focusing on the effect of attitudes on contraceptive behavior.     

Ship size as a factor in illness incidence among U.S. Navy vessels

Illness incidence was examined aboard U.S. Navy vessels to ascertain whether sick call rates vary with ship size. Outpatient data from ships of three different sizes (destroyers/frigates, cruisers, aircraft carriers) were surveyed, controlling for geographical region of deployment. Overall rates of illness were lower for the largest ships when contrasted with the smallest vessels for all three operational theaters; these rate differences were significant for the East Asia and Indian Ocean regions. Among major categories of disease, significantly higher rates aboard the small vessels were seen in at least two of the geographic regions for respiratory disorders, digestive diseases, and musculoskeletal problems. Infective and parasitic diseases, skin and subcutaneous disorders, as well as symptoms and ill-defined disorders were significantly higher for small ships in one theater. It was concluded that ship size is a factor in illness incidence and should be considered in medical resource planning.     

Detection of Norwalk-like virus infection aboard two U.S. Navy ships

Two U.S. Navy ships experienced outbreaks of gastroenteritis following port visits to Southeast Asia during August to September 1999. The USS Peleliu (LHA 5) had 162 (6% attack rate) medical visits and the USS Constellation (CV 64) had 425 medical visits (9% attack rate). Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 5 personnel conducted on-board molecular diagnostic assays to presumptively detect the presence of genogroup I Norwalk-like viruses (NLV) in both outbreaks. NLV RNA were detected in 4 (80%) of 5 Peleliu stool specimens and in 9 (36%) of 25 from the Constellation. Significant antibody titer rises to NLV antigens were measured in 18 (62%) of 29 Peleliu and 69 (68%) of 102 Constellation cases, but only in 1 (4%) of 28 asymptomatic controls. All environmental swipes were negative for NLV. Stools yielded no bacterial or parasitic enteropathogens. No point source was found for either ship. The on-site laboratory investigation can provide important information for outbreak control and prevention while new cases are still presenting.     

Confederate Navy medicine

The Confederate Navy's Office of Medicine and Surgery was a small organization within the Confederate Navy Department. The physicians, surgeon's stewards, and nurses provided medical care to sick and injured sailors from both sides of the conflict. The provision of health care often took place under trying circumstances, including shortages of medicines, money, and food. Members of the medical department served in all major and many minor naval engagements and worked long hours treating the wounded after battle. Many of the physicians served in the U.S. Navy before the Civil War. Their sacrifices and achievements are lost in the maelstrom of the larger conflict on land. This article is an effort to call attention to their story.     

Upper respiratory disease in deployed U.S. Navy shipboard personnel.

A study was conducted to determine the risk of upper respiratory disease among deployed U.S. Navy shipboard personnel. Between January and June 1989, a Patient Encounter Form was used to collect disease information from 10 U.S. Navy ships. Patients with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection (URI) on initial sick-call visit were used in this study. Information on time spent in various ports and time at sea for each of the 10 ships was also collected. A classification scheme was developed to permit daily estimates of URI rates and to indicate whether the ship was in port or at sea. Of 967 cases of URI, 64.4% occurred while at sea, with an average daily rate of 0.5/1,000 crew members; 35.4% of the cases occurred while in port, with an average daily rate of 0.4/1,000 crew members. There was an increase in URI rates after 9 days at sea or in port. These data suggest that there are defined periods of increased transmission of upper respiratory infections aboard ships, both at sea and in port.     

Civil War Federal Navy physicians

The Federal Navy's Bureau of Medicine and Surgery experienced a substantial loss of officers during 1861. It responded to the loss and the increased demand for its services by augmenting its regular medical officers with volunteer physicians. The medical corps more than doubled in size between 1861 and 1865 as a result of the recruiting efforts. Navy physicians were involved in blockade duty, anticommerce raider cruises, amphibious assaults, riverine duty, and staffing naval facilities ashore. Their services are virtually unknown despite their involvement in most naval activity during the war. This article illuminates their efforts. It does so by analyzing individual service records and reports compiled in the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies during the War of the Rebellion. The Bureau of Medicine and Surgery successfully met the demands made upon it during the American Civil War.     

HIV care in the U.S. Navy: a multidisciplinary approach

We provide a review of the medical care provided to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive service members in the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. An overview of the history of HIV and its impact on the U.S. Navy is presented. We also explain the policies of mandatory HIV testing within the U.S. Navy and the evaluation process for those found to have HIV infection. We specifically describe the multidisciplinary HIV medical care provided at Naval Medical Center San Diego, which is one of three HIV specialty clinics within the U.S. Navy.