Fordisc 3

Forensic anthropologists are often consulted to estimate aspects of the biological profile, such as age, ancestry, sex and stature from unidentified skeletal remains. Estimating ancestry is especially challenging in developed countries that have large numbers of immigrants from underdeveloped countries. Many developed countries have also experienced secular changes in the well-established populations, most notably an increase in stature over the last 150 years, which often brings changes in cranial morphology. In order to keep forensic anthropological standards up to date with population changes in the United States, the Forensic Data Bank (FDB) of demographic and skeletal information was established. Fordisc 3 is the latest generation of statistical software to aid in constructing a biological profile using FDB data and multivariate statistical methods. Fordisc 3 is used by forensic anthropologists around the world and is regularly being improved and expanded.     

14-3-3ζ与细胞凋亡

细胞凋亡的调控是一个复杂的过程,1433ζ作为凋亡抑制蛋白,近年来对其研究不断深入。本文介绍了1433ζ的结构特点以及抑制细胞凋亡的机制,同时简要介绍了该蛋白的配体类型及其拮抗剂的应用。     

[P-CH_3-~3H]-梭曼的合成

本文合成了〔P-CH_3-~3H〕-1,2,2-三甲基丙氧基甲膦酰氟(〔=P-CH_3-~3H〕-梭曼).放射比度1.4ci/mmol,放射化学纯度95%以上.     

脑动脉瘤磁共振血管成像与脑血管造影对照研究

目的：探讨三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像（３ＤＴＯＦＭＲＡ）评价脑动脉瘤的价值与限度。材料与方法：２９例临床及影像学证实的脑动脉瘤患者行常规ＭＲＩ和３ＤＴＯＦＭＲＡ检查，应用１．０Ｔ超导ＭＲ系统，扫层远端预置饱和带３ＤＦＩＳＰ序列和最大强度投影（ＭＩＰ）图像后处理技术。１３例同时行脑血管造影，采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ技术穿刺股动脉选择性全脑血管造影，快速摄片（３～４帧／秒）；结果：ＭＲＡ对脑动脉瘤的敏感性和特异性分别为９２．３％和８３．３％，结合ＭＲＩ，其特异性提高到１００％。较准确地显示了直径３～１５ｍｍ动脉瘤的形态、大小及与载瘤动脉的关系，对３ｍｍ以下或１５ｍｍ以上动脉瘤显示欠佳，主要由于其分辨率较低或瘤内血栓或涡流形成等所致；结论：３ＤＴＯＦＭＲＡ对脑动脉瘤有诊断价值。     

紫杉醇、顺铂及丝裂霉素对3种人卵巢癌细胞株体外作用的研究

 目的 观察临床常用抗肿瘤药紫杉醇、顺铂和丝裂霉素对3种人卵巢癌细胞株体外生长的影响.方法 采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法,测定紫杉醇、顺铂和丝裂霉素对人卵巢癌细胞株3AO、SKOV3和OVCAR3生长的抑制作用,并与空白组进行对比.结果 药物浓度达到10及100 μmol/L时,紫杉醇、顺铂及丝裂霉素对3种卵巢癌细胞均具有较好的抑制作用;顺铂和丝裂霉素的抑制作用较紫杉醇强(P<0.05).结论 在治疗卵巢癌时可采用不同种类的抗肿瘤药物的联合治疗方法.     

3D-Ultraschall (3D-US) in der Diagnostik von Mammaherdbefunden

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Untersucht wurde, ob der 3D-US die Beurteilung von Mammaherdbefunden verbessern kann.Material und Methoden 60 Patientinnen wurden mit 2D- und 3D-US (Logiq 9 der Fa. GE, 14 MHz, multiplanare Rekonstruktionen in 3 Ebenen) untersucht. Die Herdläsionen wurden sonographisch nach BIRADS klassifiziert. Als Referenzmethode stand in allen Fällen das Ergebnis der histopathologischen Untersuchung zur Verfügung.Ergebnisse Bei den 38 malignen und 22 benignen Läsionen ergab sich mit der 2D-US eine Sensitivität/Spezifität von 92/81%, mit der 3D-US von 97/72% und bei der Kombination von 2D- und 3D-US von 97/81%. Bei malignen Tumoren zeigt sich im 3D-US eine sternförmige echoarme Formation mit Retraktion des umgebenden Gewebes.Schlussfolgerung Der 3D-US ermöglicht die mehrdimensionale Darstellung von Mammaherdbefunden, in der als Malignitätskriterium die Retraktion des umgebenden Gewebes eindrucksvoll zur Darstellung kommt.     

阻断PI3K信号通路显著抑制成骨前体细胞MC3T3-E1的分化

目的：研究PI3K信号通路对成骨前体细胞MC3T3-E1分化的调控作用。方法：首先通过Western印迹试验检测到PI3K信号通路参与成骨细胞分化的调控。应用PI3K激酶的特异性抑制剂LY294002药物阻断PI3K信号通路的活化，通过碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和von Kossa染色观察成骨前体细胞MC3T3-E1分化的改变。结果：Western印迹试验显示，成骨细胞分化过程中PI3K信号通路明显活化。阻断该信号通路的活化显著抑制成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶的活性，同时降低成骨细胞体外形成骨结节结构的能力。结论：PI3K信号通路参与了成骨细胞分化的调控，而这种调控作用是成骨细胞分化所必需的。     

LiSr4(BO3)3:Ce3+ phosphor as a new material for ESR dosimetry

LiSr₄(BO₃)₃:0.01Ce³⁺ phosphor was investigated to assess its potential as a material for measurements of radiotherapeutic doses with electron spin resonance (ESR). The ESR spectrum of the phosphor irradiated with ⁶⁰Co features five ESR signals. An isochronal annealing experiment has shown that the strongest of these signals is associated with the same trap center as the 473 K peak on the TL glow curve of this material. The dose–response is linear in the studied range from 0.89 to 90.30 Gy. Fading of the signal was also investigated.     

3.0 T MR SPACE序列与传统关节软骨三维成像序列比较研究

目的通过比较软骨信号噪声比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR),分析临床三维MR序列显示软骨的效果。资料与方法选取25名健康志愿者进行软骨MRI(年龄21～29岁,平均24岁),使用Siemens Magnetom Trio Tim3.0T超导型磁共振成像仪和膝关节专用线圈。应用:(1)脂肪抑制快速小角度激发(fast low angle shot,FLASH)序列;(2)FLASH序列+水激发(water-excitation,WE);(3)双回波稳态进动(dualecho steady state,DESS)序列;(4)真稳态进动快速成像(true fast imaging with steady-state precession,True-FISP)序列;(5)三维质子加权快速自旋回波(sampling perfection with application-optimized contrast using different flip angle evolutions,SPACE)序列;(6)二维脂肪抑制快速自旋回波质子密度加权成像(fat-suppressed-2D-fast spine cho-pro...     

Production of Ho through Dy(n,γ)Dy(n, γ)Dy(β)Ho and separation of Ho

After irradiation with thermal neutrons ¹⁶⁴Dy produces ¹⁶⁶Ho through the nuclear reaction: ¹⁶⁴Dy(n,γ) ¹⁶⁵Dy(n,γ) ¹⁶⁶Dy ¹⁶⁶Ho. ¹⁶⁶Ho has been separated from the bulk dysprosium target with the help of HPLC using Aminex A7 ion exchanger resin and -hydroxyisobutyric acid (-HIBA) as the mobile phase. The separation was quantitative and without any contamination from the dysprosium target. Method has also been developed to produce holmium free of -HIBA ligands. Attempts have been made to produce no-carrier-added recoiled ¹⁶⁶Ho and ¹⁶⁵Dy in water.     

NHS-MAS3: a bifunctional chelator alternative to NHS-MAG3.

This laboratory uses an N-hydroxysuccinimide derivative of S-acetylmercaptoacetyltriglycine (NHS-MAG3) to conjugate amines for subsequent labeling with 99mTc. However, the synthesis from triglycerine is general and not restricted to this tripeptide. We had earlier selected a small number of alternative tripeptides and synthesized the corresponding NHS derivatives. Each was then evaluated in a search for bifunctional chelators with properties superior to NHS-MAG3, such as lower serum protein binding or improved stability to cysteine challenge. Based on these preliminary results, NHS-S-acetylmercaptoacetyltriserine (NHS-MAS3) was selected for further investigation. We have now conjugated this bifunctional chelator to an biocytin and to an amine-derivatized peptide nucleic acid (PNA). Both carriers were also conjugated with NHS-MAG3 under identical conditions and all were labeled with 99mTc at neutral pH and at boiling temperature while the conjugated PNAs were radiolabelled at neutral pH and at room temperature. Regardless of the chelator, reverse phase HPLC radiochromatograms of the labeled biotins and PNAs after purification showed a single peak. However, by size exclusion HPLC, the radiochromatograms always showed several peaks even after purification, but the MAS3 radiochromatograms were less complicated. For biotin and PNA both, radiolabeling via MAS3 showed improved 99mTc stability in 37 degrees C serum and in cysteine solution. The four preparations were administered to mice implanted in one thigh with avidin beads (biotins) or complementary PNA beads (PNAs). At 5 h post-administration, no significant differences were observed in the targeting of PNA beads between the two chelators, however the target thigh/normal thigh ratio was significantly higher for MAS3-biotin compared to MAG3-biotin. We conclude that labeling biocytin and amine-derivatized PNA with NHS-MAS3 compared to NHS-MAG3 provides simpler radiochromatographic profiles, improved stability of the label in serum and cysteine solution and can improve in vivo targeting.     

A Bayesian 3-compartment model for 99mTc-MAG3 clearance.

Because recent reports have questioned the traditional 2-compartment model for calculating tracer clearance after a single intravenous injection, a 3-compartment model was evaluated in this study. METHODS: Bayesian statistics were used, which facilitated curve fitting by treating all subjects simultaneously. (99m)Tc-Mercaptoacetyltriglycine clearance data from 154 adults and 109 children were measured at several centers, typically 6-9 plasma samples spanning 5-90 min, and fitted by 2- and 3-compartment Bayesian models. RESULTS: Clearance estimates were found to be systematically lower for the 3-compartment model than for the 2-compartment model. A single-sample procedure based on the 3-compartment model was found to eliminate most of the known discrepancy between formulas based on single-injection and continuous-infusion reference methods. CONCLUSION: A 3-compartment model led to lower and probably more accurate clearance estimates than the conventional 2-compartment model. A new single-sample method is presented, based on the 3-compartment model as reference standard.     

High-resolution 3D cartilage imaging with IDEAL SPGR at 3 T

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to perform imaging of cartilage at high resolution with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with a combination of iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) with parallel imaging at 3 T and spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) imaging. The findings with the combined technique were compared with those obtained with conventional fat-saturated SPGR imaging. CONCLUSION: Compared with fat-saturated SPGR, IDEAL-SPGR imaging combined with parallel imaging at 3 T provides robust fat-water separation and significant improvement in cartilage SNR. Use of IDEAL-SPGR also led to dramatic improvement in cartilage-fluid contrast-to-noise ratio compared with fat-saturated SPGR imaging. Thus, use of IDEAL-SPGR may improve the accuracy of cartilage volume measurements and detection of cartilage surface defects. Excellent evaluation of the morphologic features of the knee cartilage with high-resolution, high-SNR images can be performed in 5 minutes.     

3T3细胞对传代表皮细胞生长影响的研究

 为探讨快速增殖表皮细胞的方法,我们采用3T3滋养细胞培养法,对传代表皮细胞生长的情况进行研究.结果表明:在3T3成纤维细胞存在时,即使低密度接种表皮细胞,表皮细胞也能以单个细胞为克隆,以单层形式生长,增殖迅速,融合成膜片时间缩短,细胞数量大,克隆形成效率高,与对照组比较均呈显著差异(P<0.05).这将为表皮细胞培养和移植救治大面积Ⅲ°烧伤开拓前景.