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1.
Background
Few studies have examined the secondary benefits of HIV risk reduction interventions to improve mental health functioning.Purpose
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of telephone-delivered motivational interviewing (MI) targeting sexual risk behavior to reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in HIV-positive older adults.Methods
Participants were 100 HIV-positive adults 45+ years old enrolled in a sexual risk reduction pilot clinical trial of telephone-delivered MI. Participants were randomly assigned to a one-session MI, four-session MI, or standard of care control condition. Telephone interviews at baseline and 3- and 6-month follow-up assessed sexual behavior, depression, anxiety, and stress.Results
Relative to controls, participants in the one- and four-session MI conditions reported lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress at 6-month follow-up. No between group differences were observed at 3-month follow-up or between one- and four-session MI participants at 6-month follow-up.Conclusions
Preliminary data suggest that telephone-delivered MI to reduce sexual risk behavior may confer secondary benefits of improving mental health functioning in HIV-positive persons. 相似文献2.
Relationship between depressive symptoms and quality of life in Nigerian patients with schizophrenia
Adesanmi Akinsulore Olutayo O. Aloba B. M. Mapayi I. O. Oloniniyi F. O. Fatoye R. O. A. Makanjuola 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2014,49(8):1191-1198
Purpose
Quality of life (QOL) in patients with schizophrenia is influenced by various factors such as depressive symptoms. This study assessed the relationship between depressive symptoms and QOL in outpatients with schizophrenia in Nigeria and evaluated the associated socio-demographic and clinical factors.Methods
One hundred patients with 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases diagnosis of schizophrenia participated in this study. Socio-demographic and clinical factors such as depression were assessed with Zung Self-rating Depression Scale and symptoms of schizophrenia with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale of schizophrenia (PANSS). The level of functioning was assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. QOL was assessed using the brief version of the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Scale.Results
There were 27 (27.0 %) patients with depression. The depressed patients reported significant lower scores in all QOL domains when compared with the non-depressed group. All QOL domains were significantly negatively correlated with the total PANSS and all its subscales (except for psychological domain with total PANSS and social relationship and environmental domains with PANSS positive). Severity of depressive symptoms was significantly negatively correlated with all QOL domains. Functioning was significantly positively correlated with all QOL domains except in the environmental domain. Multiple regression analysis showed that depressive symptoms predicted all QOL domains except the social relationship domain while negative symptoms predicted social relationship and environmental domains.Conclusion
Depression is a common occurrence during the course of schizophrenia. Depressive and negative symptoms have a significant impact on the QOL of patients with schizophrenia. 相似文献3.
Rose M. Collard Sanne Wassink-Vossen Aart H. Schene Paul Naarding Peter Verhaak Richard C. Oude Voshaar Hannie C. Comijs 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2018,53(10):1071-1079
Objectives
Functional limitations give an indication of the total impact of diseases, such as depression, on individuals health and recovery. This study examines the change in several domains of functioning over 2 years in older persons depressed at baseline (non-remitted group and remitted group after 2 years) and in a non-depressed comparison group.Methods
Data were used from a cohort study (Netherlands Study of Depression in Older persons [NESDO]) consisting of depressed older persons ≥?60 years (N?=?378) and a non-depressed comparison group (N?=?132) with 2 years of follow-up (attrition rate 24%). Functional limitations (outcome) were assessed with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) questionnaire every 6 months. Total scores and domain scores were used. Depression was classified according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. Severity of depression (predictor) was assessed with the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) at 6-month intervals.Results
Linear mixed models showed that the level of functional limitations differed between the three groups during 2 years of follow-up. The non-remitted group had the highest level of functional limitations during 2 years, followed by the remitted group. Stable low levels of functional limitations were found for the non-depressed group. Remission from depression was accompanied by improvements in functioning, however, compared to the non-depressed comparison group significant functional limitations remained. Higher severity of depression appeared as risk factor for a declining course of functioning, especially the social aspects of functioning.Methodological considerations
Participants that were more severely depressed and more functionally impaired at baseline had higher attrition rates than the participants that were included in the analytical sample.Conclusion
This study showed that depression in later life has long-term debilitating effects on functioning, enduring even after remission from depression. This implies that depression treatment in later life should aim broader than just symptomatic recovery, but also include functional recovery.4.
Jim HS Small BJ Minton S Andrykowski M Jacobsen PB 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2012,43(3):402-408
Background
Data are scarce about whether past history of major depressive disorder in the absence of current depression places breast cancer patients at risk for worse quality of life.Purpose
The current study prospectively examined quality of life during chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with a history of resolved major depressive disorder (n?=?29) and no history of depression (n?=?144).Methods
Women with Stages 0?CII breast cancer were assessed prior to and at the completion of chemotherapy. Major depressive disorder was assessed via structured interview and quality of life with the SF-36.Results
Patients with past major depressive disorder displayed greater declines in physical functioning relative to patients with no history of depression (p????0.01).Conclusions
Findings suggest that breast cancer patients with a history of resolved major depressive disorder are at increased risk for declines in physical functioning during chemotherapy relative to patients with no history of depression. 相似文献5.
Derdikman-Eiron R Indredavik MS Bakken IJ Bratberg GH Hjemdal O Colton M 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2012,47(11):1855-1863
Purpose
To explore longitudinally gender differences in the associations between psychosocial functioning, subjective well-being and self-esteem among adolescents with and without symptoms of anxiety and depression.Methods
Data were obtained from a major population-based Norwegian study, the Nord-Tr?ndelag Health Study, in which 1,092 boys and 1,262 girls (86% of all invited) completed an extensive self-report questionnaire at baseline (mean age 14.4?years) and at follow-up (mean age 18.4?years).Results
Gender was a moderator variable in the associations between symptoms of anxiety and depression and impairment, meaning that boys’ functioning was impaired to a larger extent than girls’ functioning. A statistically significant interaction effect between gender and symptoms of anxiety and depression was found at follow-up in terms of subjective well-being (p?0.05), self-esteem (p?0.05), academic problems (p?0.01), behaviour problems (p?0.01) and frequency of meeting friends (p?0.001). Onset of symptoms between baseline and follow-up was associated with less frequent meetings with friends among boys, but not among girls. After remission of symptoms, boys still had more behaviour and academic problems, less frequently met friends and reported lower subjective well-being and self-esteem than boys who had no symptoms at both time points. No similar differences were found among the girls.Conclusion
Previous and ongoing symptoms of anxiety and depression had more negative consequences for boys than for girls. These findings may contribute to improved assessment and intervention methods tailored differently for each gender. 相似文献6.
Gus Zhang Carol S. North Pushpa Narayanan You-Seung Kim Samuel Thielman Betty Pfefferbaum 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2013,48(2):195-203
Purpose
While disasters are common in Africa, disaster studies in Africa are underrepresented in the published literature. This study prospectively examined the longitudinal course of psychopathology, coping, and functioning among 128 directly exposed Kenyan civilian survivors of the 1998 US Embassy bombing in Nairobi.Methods
The Diagnostic Interview Schedule/Disaster Supplement assessed predisaster and postdisaster psychiatric disorders and variables related to coping, functioning, safety, and religion near the end of the first and third postdisaster years.Results
Total postdisaster prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at the 3-year follow-up was 49; 28 % of the sample still had active PTSD. Delayed-onset PTSD was not observed. Posttraumatic symptoms decayed more slowly in individuals with than those without PTSD. PTSD was more prevalent and chronic than major depression. Those with current PTSD or major depression reported more functioning problems than those without. The length of hospitalization for injuries after the bombing predicted major depression remission, but no predictors of PTSD remission were found.Conclusions
Despite differences in coping and social variables, longitudinal psychopathology in the Nairobi terrorism survivors appeared broadly similar to results in Western disaster populations. These findings contribute to the understanding of disaster mental health in Africa and may have implications for generalizability of psychiatric effects of terrorist attacks around the globe. 相似文献7.
Junwen Chen Yumi Nakano Tetsuji Ietzugu Sei Ogawa Tadashi Funayama Norio Watanabe Yumiko Noda Toshi A Furukawa 《BMC psychiatry》2007,7(1):1-10
Background
The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of an internet-based therapy (Interapy) for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in a German speaking population. Also, the quality of the online therapeutic relationship, its development and its relevance as potential moderator of the treatment effects was investigated.Method
Ninety-six patients with posttraumatic stress reactions were allocated at random to ten sessions of Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) conducted over a 5-week period or a waiting list control group. Severity of PTSD was the primary outcome. Secondary outcome variables were depression, anxiety, dissociation and physical health. Follow-up assessments were conducted at the end of treatment and 3 months after treatment.Results
From baseline to post-treatment assessment, PTSD severity and other psychopathological symptoms were significantly improved for the treatment group (intent-to-treat group × time interaction effect size d = 1.40). Additionally, patients of the treatment condition showed significantly greater reduction of co-morbid depression and anxiety as compared to the waiting list condition. These effects were sustained during the 3-months follow-up period. High ratings of the therapeutic alliance and low drop-out rates indicated that a positive and stable therapeutic relationship could be established online. Significant improvement of the online working alliance in the course of treatment and a substantial correlation between the quality of the online relationship at the end of treatment and treatment outcome emerged.Conclusion
Interapy proved to be a viable treatment alternative for PTSD with large effect sizes and sustained treatment effects. A stable and positive online therapeutic relationship can be established through the Internet which improved during the treatment process.Trial registration
Australian Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN012606000401550 相似文献8.
Mary C. Davis Ph.D. Kirti Thummala B.A. Alex J. Zautra Ph.D. 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2014,48(1):61-70
Background
Chronic pain with comorbid depression is characterized by poor mood regulation and stress-related pain.Purpose
This study aims to compare depressed and non-depressed pain patients in mood and pain stress reactivity and recovery, and test whether a post-stress positive mood induction moderates pain recovery.Methods
Women with fibromyalgia and/or osteoarthritis (N?=?110) underwent interpersonal stress and were then randomly assigned by pain condition and depression status, assessed via the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale, to positive versus neutral mood induction.Results
Depression did not predict stress-related reactivity in despondency, joviality, or clinical pain. However, depression × mood condition predicted recovery in joviality and clinical pain; depressed women recovered only in the positive mood condition, whereas non-depressed women recovered in both mood conditions.Conclusions
Depression does not alter pain and mood stress reactivity, but does impair recovery. Boosting post-stress jovial mood ameliorates pain recovery deficits in depressed patients, a finding relevant to chronic pain interventions. 相似文献9.
Freeman D Stahl D McManus S Meltzer H Brugha T Wiles N Bebbington P 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2012,47(8):1195-1203
Purpose
Our theoretical model proposes that insomnia, worry, and negative affect are important determinants of paranoid thinking. Anxiety produces anticipation of threat, depression increases the sense of vulnerability, worry leads to implausible ideas, and insomnia exacerbates negative affect and creates an altered perceptual state. The study objective was to examine for the first time these factors as predictors of the onset of new paranoid thinking and of the persistence of existing paranoid thinking.Method
A total of 2,382 participants in the 2000 British National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey were followed-up 18?months after their first assessment. Baseline assessments were used to predict the development and persistence of paranoid thinking at follow-up. Data were weighted to be representative of the general household population.Results
Insomnia, worry, anxiety, depression and depressive ideas were each substantial predictors both of new inceptions of paranoia and of the persistence of existing paranoid thinking. Worry and insomnia were the strongest predictors. For example, insomnia at the first assessment led to a more than threefold increase in later inceptions of paranoid thinking.Conclusions
The study indicates that insomnia, worry, anxiety and depression are potential risk factors for new inceptions of paranoid thinking. The results also corroborate an emerging literature indicating that anxiety, worry and depression may encourage the persistence of paranoid thinking. The study provides the first longitudinal evidence linking insomnia and paranoia. The important clinical implication is that the use of interventions for common mental health difficulties in people with psychosis may have the additional benefit of reducing paranoia. 相似文献10.
Peter P. Vitaliano Ph.D. Eric Strachan Ph.D. Elizabeth Dansie Ph.D. Jack Goldberg Ph.D. Dedra Buchwald M.D. 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2014,47(2):198-207
Background
Informal caregiving can be deleterious to mental health, but research results are inconsistent and may reflect an interaction between caregiving and vulnerability to stress.Methods
We examined psychological distress among 1,228 female caregiving and non-caregiving twins. By examining monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs discordant for caregiving, we assessed the extent to which distress is directly related to caregiving or confounded by common genes and environmental exposures.Results
Caregiving was associated with distress as measured by mental health functioning, anxiety, perceived stress, and depression. The overall association between caregiving and distress was confounded by common genes and environment for mental health functioning, anxiety, and depression. Common environment also confounded the association of caregiving and perceived stress.Conclusions
Vulnerability to distress is a factor in predicting caregivers' psychosocial functioning. Additional research is needed to explicate the mechanisms by which common genes and environment increase the risk of distress among informal caregivers. 相似文献11.
Jesse C. Stewart PhD Griffin J. Fitzgerald BA Thomas W. Kamarck PhD 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2010,39(3):258-266
Background/Purpose
Given that emotional risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) tend to cluster within individuals, surprisingly little is known about how these negative emotions might influence one another over time. We examined the longitudinal associations among measures of depressive symptoms and hostility/anger in a cohort of 296 healthy, older adults.Methods
Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Cook–Medley Hostility (Ho) scale, and Anger-In and Anger-Out subscales of the State–Trait Anger Expression Inventory at baseline and 6-year follow-up. We conducted a series of path analyses to evaluate the directionality of the depression–hostility/anger relationship.Results
Baseline Ho scale was a predictor of 6-year increases in BDI-II (β?=?0.15, p?=?0.004), Anger-In (β?=?0.14, p?=?0.002), and Anger-Out (β?=?0.11, p?=?0.01). In contrast, baseline BDI-II, Anger-In, and Anger-Out did not predict change in any of the emotional variables. Additional path analytic models revealed that the pattern of relationships was not altered after controlling for demographic, biomedical, and behavioral covariates; anxiety symptoms; social support; and subjective sleep quality.Conclusions
The present results suggest that the cognitive aspects of hostility/anger may precede and independently predict future increases in depressive symptoms but not vice versa. Our findings lead us to speculate that (a) hostility may exert part of its cardiotoxic influence by acting to precipitate and/or maintain symptoms of depression and that (b) the potency of depression interventions designed to improve cardiovascular outcomes might be enhanced by incorporating treatments addressing hostility. 相似文献12.
Klaus Ranta Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino Sari Fröjd Mauri Marttunen 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2013,48(4):533-544
Objective
This study examined longitudinal associations between direct and relational peer victimization (DV/RV) and self-reported social phobia (SP) among adolescents from 15 to 17 years of age, controlling for depression and family socioeconomic covariates.Methods
A total of 3,278 Finnish adolescents with a mean age of 15.5 years were surveyed at baseline (T1), and followed up 2 years afterwards (T2) their mean age being 17.6 years. In all, 2,070 adolescents were reached for the follow-up. Both types of victimization were assessed with structured questions, SP with the Social Phobia Inventory, and depression with the 13-item Beck Depression Inventory. Socioeconomic covariates were assessed with items from the Life Events Checklist. Frequency of victimization and SP were assessed at T1 and T2, and incidence and persistence from T1 to T2. Longitudinal associations between victimization and SP were examined with three logistic regression analyses with depression and socioeconomic covariates controlled for, with SP, DV, and RV in turn as the dependent endpoint (T2) variables.Results
Among boys a bidirectional association between DV and SP was found with DV both predicting SP [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.6] and being predicted by SP (OR 3.9). Among girls RV predicted SP (OR 2.8), but not vice versa, while depression in turn predicted DV (OR 4.3).Conclusions
Direct victimization and SP have a bidirectional association among boys, while among girls RV increases the risk of subsequent SP. 相似文献13.
Ian M. Kronish M.D. M.P.H. Nina Rieckmann Ph.D. Matthew M. Burg Ph.D. Carmela Alcántara Ph.D. Karina W. Davidson Ph.D. 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2014,47(2):158-164
Background
Depression is associated with poor adherence to medications and worse prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Purpose
To determine whether cognitive, behavioral, and/or psychosocial vulnerabilities for depression explain the association between depression and medication adherence among ACS patients.Methods
One hundred sixty-nine ACS patients who agreed to have their aspirin adherence measured using an electronic pill bottle for 3 months were enrolled within 1 week of hospitalization. Linear regression was used to determine whether depression vulnerabilities predicted aspirin adherence after adjustment for depressive symptoms, demographics, and comorbidity.Results
Of the depression vulnerabilities, only role transitions (beta?=??3.32; P?=?0.02) and interpersonal conflict (beta -3.78; P?=?0.03) predicted poor adherence. Depression vulnerabilities did not mediate the association between depressive symptoms and medication adherence.Conclusions
Key elements of the psychosocial context preceding the ACS including major role transitions and conflict with close contacts place ACS patients at increased risk for poor medication adherence independent of depressive symptoms. 相似文献14.
Lindy May Richard Hayward Aabir Chakraborty Linda Franck Grazia Manzotti Jo Wray Dominic Thompson 《Child's nervous system》2013,29(6):961-970
Objective
An objective clinical assessment tool whose accuracy and reproducibility can be validated is essential for the initial evaluation, selection for surgery and surveillance of children with lipomyelomeningocele (LMMC). The aim of this study was to analyse the large number of such tools presently in use and recommend an alternative that could lead to greater uniformity between different series and greater consistency in the assessment of individual patients.Methods
A systematic review of the literature between January 1980 and December 2010 was undertaken and details of how the children in each series were assessed and the degree to which age was taken into account recorded.Results
Thirty-six different assessment tools were used in 40 different publications. None was validated in all aspects. Objective measures were used most in urological assessments but rarely in other domains. Age-specific assessments were used in only 10 % of publications.Conclusion
This study confirmed that the assessment tools for evaluation of children with LMMC are inconsistent, often vague and poorly validated. This compromises the ability of clinicians who care for them to compare studies across centres for both treated and untreated children. We have sought to highlight those criteria which are relevant, measurable and reproducible and which might be combined into an easily applied assessment. 相似文献15.
Background
The treatment of depressive phases of bipolar disorder is challenging. The effects of the commonly used antidepressants in bipolar depression are questionable. Electroconvulsive therapy is generally considered to be the most effective treatment even if there are no randomized controlled trials of electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar depression. The safety of electroconvulsive therapy is well documented, but there are some controversies as to the cognitive side effects. The aim of this study is to compare the effects and side effects of electroconvulsive therapy to pharmacological treatment in treatment resistant bipolar depression. Cognitive changes and quality of life during the treatment will be assessed.Methods/Design
A prospective, randomised controlled, multi-centre six- week acute treatment trial with seven clinical assessments. Follow up visit at 26 weeks or until remission (max 52 weeks). A neuropsychological test battery designed to be sensitive to changes in cognitive function will be used. Setting: Nine study centres across Norway, all acute psychiatric departments. Sample: n = 132 patients, aged 18 and over, who fulfil criteria for treatment resistant depression in bipolar disorder, Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Score of at least 25 at baseline. Intervention: Intervention group: 3 sessions per week for up to 6 weeks, total up to 18 sessions. Control group: algorithm-based pharmacological treatment as usual.Discussion
This study is the first randomized controlled trial that aims to investigate whether electroconvulsive therapy is better than pharmacological treatment as usual in treatment resistant bipolar depression. Possible long lasting cognitive side effects will be evaluated. The study is investigator initiated, without support from industry.Trial registration
NCT00664976 相似文献16.
Miren Orive Angel Padierna Josune Martin Urko Aguirre Nerea González Pedro Muñoz Jose M. Quintana 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2013,48(9):1503-1512
Purpose
Limited data are available on the difficulties experienced over time by caregivers of patients with eating disorders (CPED). The aim of this study was to describe changes in anxiety and depression among such caregivers over 1 year and to identify factors predicting any change in both.Methods
At recruitment, 145 ED patients and their 246 caregivers completed sociodemographic and clinical instruments, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Short-Form 12 (SF-12). Patients also completed the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), and their psychiatrists assessed clinical variables. Patients and caregivers completed the same instruments 1 year later.Results
At baseline, prevalence of anxiety and depression among caregivers was 56 and 32 %, respectively. Scores were essentially the same 1 year later. Factors associated with the changes in anxiety were higher anxiety level at baseline and caring for a patient with a restrictive ED. Factors associated with changes in depression included higher depression at baseline and caring for a patient with a restrictive ED. Neither health-related quality of life among patients and caregivers nor patients’ eating attitudes was related to caregiver anxiety or depression.Conclusions
These findings confirm the presence of substantial and continuing emotional distress among caregivers of patients with ED, highlighting the importance of offering them more extended follow-up and treatment. 相似文献17.
Lisa A. Uebelacker Charles B. Eaton Risa Weisberg Megan Sands Carla Williams Darren Calhoun JoAnn E. Manson Natalie L. Denburg Teletia Taylor 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2013,48(12):1971-1982
Purpose
To determine whether social support and/or physical activity buffer the association between stressors and increasing risk of depression symptoms at baseline and at 3-year follow-up.Methods
This is a secondary analysis of data from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. 91,912 community-dwelling post-menopausal women participated in this prospective cohort study. Depression symptoms were measured at baseline and 3 years later; social support, physical activity, and stressors were measured at baseline.Results
Stressors at baseline, including verbal abuse, physical abuse, caregiving, social strain, negative life events, financial stress, low income, acute pain, and a greater number of chronic medical conditions, were all associated with higher levels of depression symptoms at baseline and new onset elevated symptoms at 3-year follow-up. Social support and physical activity were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms. Contrary to expectation, more social support at baseline strengthened the association between concurrent depression and physical abuse, social strain, caregiving, and low income. Similarly, more social support at baseline increased the association between financial stress, income, and pain on new onset depression 3 years later. Physical activity similarly moderated the effect of caregiving, income, and pain on depression symptoms at baseline.Conclusion
Stressors, social support, and physical activity showed predicted main effect associations with depression. Multiplicative interactions were small in magnitude and in the opposite direction of what was expected. 相似文献18.
Jocelyn Catty Marsha Koletsi Sarah White Thomas Becker Angelo Fioritti Rana Kalkan Christoph Lauber Pascale Lissouba Wulf Rössler Toma Tomov Jooske T. van Busschbach Durk Wiersma Tom Burns 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2010,45(12):1187-1193
Objective
To determine the distinctions between the client–keyworker relationship and the client–vocational worker relationship by assessing their impact on clinical outcomes and exploring the associations between the two.Methods
As part of an international randomised controlled trial of supported employment (n = 312), client–keyworker relationship and client–vocational worker relationship were each tested against clinical and social functioning 6 months later. Associations between the two relationships over time were explored.Results
Client–keyworker relationship predicted quality of life, while client–vocational worker relationship, as rated by the client, did not predict any clinical or social functioning outcomes. Vocational worker-rated relationship predicted reduced depression. The client–keyworker and client–vocational worker relationships were correlated, but this did not change over time.Conclusion
The impact of the client–vocational worker is likely to be on the shared task of finding employment, rather than on clinical and social functioning. Good client–vocational worker relationships do not detract from client–keyworker relationships. 相似文献19.
Lizheng Shi Haya Ascher-Svanum Yi-Ju Chiang Yingnan Zhao Vivian Fonseca Daniel Winstead 《BMC psychiatry》2009,9(1):1-8
Background
The underlying nature of negative symptoms in psychosis is poorly understood. Investigation of the relationship between the different negative subsymptoms and neurocognition is one approach to understand more of the underlying nature. Apathy, one of the subsymptoms, is also a common symptom in other brain disorders. Its association with neurocognition, in particular executive functioning, is well documented in other brain disorders, but only studied in one former study of chronic patients with schizophrenia. This study investigates the association between apathy and neurocognitive functioning in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP), with the hypothesis that apathy is more associated with tests representing executive function than tests representing other neurocognitive domains.Methods
Seventy-one FEP patients were assessed with an extensive neuropsychological test battery. Level of apathy was assessed with the abridged Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES-C-Apathy).Results
AES-C-Apathy was only significantly associated with tests from the executive domain [Semantic fluency (r =.37, p <.01), Phonetic fluency (r =.25, p <.05)] and working memory [Letter Number Span (r =.26; p =<.05)]; the first two representing the initiation part of executive function. Confounding variables such as co-occuring depression, positive symptoms or use of antipsychotic medication did not significantly influence the results.Conclusion
We replicated in FEP patients the relationship between apathy and executive functioning reported in another study for chronic patients with schizophrenia. We also found apathy in FEP to have the same relationship to executive functioning, as assessed with the Verbal fluency tests, as that reported in patients with other brain disorders, pointing to a common underlying nature of this symptom across disorders. 相似文献20.
Evi SA de Cock Wilco HM Emons Giesje Nefs Victor JM Pop François Pouwer 《BMC psychiatry》2011,11(1):1-19