腹腔镜辅助下结直肠癌手术的疗效分析

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下结直肠癌手术的可行性、安全性、并发症及近期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析4年间1 1 2例腹腔镜下结直肠癌手术患者的临床资料,包括右半结肠切除2 3例,左半结肠切除7例,乙状结肠癌切除1 5例,D ixon术4 9例,M iles术1 8例。结果1 0 5例手术成功,7例因出血、肥胖及与邻近器官粘连而中转开腹手术,其中左半结肠2例,直肠癌4例。平均手术时间(1 6 1.2±4 8.6)m in,平均出血量7 8.5mL。术后早期并发症8例,无围手术期死亡。结肠癌标本近、远切缘长度分别为(1 4.5±3.2)cm和(1 1.0±2.6)cm,直肠癌标本近、远切缘长度分别为(15.3±2.7)cm和(2.8±1.6)cm。清扫淋巴结平均(8.2±4.6)枚,4 9例淋巴结转移。随访8~4 4个月,随访率9 5.5%。随访未发现戳孔肿瘤种植,局部复发7例(6.5%),远处转移6例(5.6%),总病死率7.5%(8/1 0 7)。结论腹腔镜下结直肠癌手术不仅安全可行,具有微创优势,并可达到与开腹同样的肿瘤根治性效果。     

经内镜支架置入联合腹腔镜手术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值

目的:探讨经内镜支架置入术联合腹腔镜手术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值。方法:回顾分析2010年3月至2015年3月收治的44例左侧大肠癌并急性肠梗阻患者的临床资料,其中观察组(n=18)经内镜联合X光置入结肠金属支架,缓解肠梗阻后择期行腹腔镜手术,对照组(n=26)则行术中结肠灌洗、Ⅰ期根治性切除吻合术。对比分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、手术并发症、住院时间、住院费用等。结果:观察组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间明显优于对照组(P0.01),而住院费用则高于对照组(P0.01);对照组术后并发症发生率明显高于观察组(P0.05)。结论:结肠支架置入术可有效解除左侧大肠癌急性肠梗阻,支架置入术后择期行腹腔镜手术安全、可行,患者创伤小,术后康复快,并发症少,是安全有效的治疗手段。     

内支架治疗结直肠癌急性梗阻

目的 探讨结直肠癌急性梗阻的金属内支架治疗的效果和安全性。方法 对2000年5月～2003年6月收治的结直肠癌急性梗阻15例进行临时性或姑息性内支架治疗，并观察梗阻缓解情况和并发症。结果 15例中12例(80．0％)内支架放置成功，全组无死亡发生，24h内临床梗阻缓解率100％(12／12)。并发支架移位和肛门疼痛各1例。8例经过肠道准备和全身支持治疗后行根治性手术；4例内支架置放系永久性姑息性治疗。结论 内支架治疗对左半结肠或直肠急性癌性梗阻是一种安全有效的临时性或永久性姑息性治疗手段，可免除急诊结肠造瘘术。     

腹腔镜结直肠癌根治性手术的临床疗效分析

目的:评估腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠癌的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2001年3月—2004年5月实施根治性结直肠癌手术146例的临床资料,其中腹腔镜手术72例,传统开腹74例,比较两组术中出血量、手术时间、医疗费用、术后肠道功能恢复时间、术后住院时间、淋巴结清扫数目、术后并发症、近期和远期生存率等情况。结果:两组在术中出血、手术时间、术后肠道功能恢复、术后住院时间等方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。而两组间的医疗费用、术后并发症、淋巴结清扫数目及2,5年总生存率无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜手术在术中出血、术后肠道功能恢复时间及术后住院时间方面体现了优势。腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术安全、有效、经济、与传统开腹手术的近、远期临床效果相似。     

腹腔镜辅助下结直肠癌切除手术的临床应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜辅助下结直肠癌切除手术的可行性和应用价值.方法 回顾性分析51例腹腔镜结直肠癌切除手术的临床资料.腹腔镜下完成结直肠手术48例,中转开腹3例.其中右半结肠切除术9例,左半结肠切除术8例,乙状结肠切除术14例,直肠前切除术11例,腹会阴联合根治术6例.结果 全组无手术死亡.腹腔镜手术时间150～320（平均195）min,术中出血40～300（平均120）Ml,手术清除淋巴结2～26（平均8）枚.术后20～72h均恢复胃肠功能,术后疼痛轻,无术中大出血、术后无特殊并发症发生.术后住院时间（不包括化疗）7～10（平均8）d.随访45例（88.2%）,随访时间3～54个月,2例死亡,均为Dukes C期直肠癌患者,1例术后17个月死于肝转移,另1例术后19个月死于腹腔广泛转移并衰竭.未发现套管穿刺部位及辅助小切口处肿瘤种植和局部复发.结论 腹腔镜结直肠癌手术在应用技术上可行,且具有创伤小、痛苦少、恢复快等特点,是治疗结直肠癌的一种微创、安全而有效的术式.     

自膨胀型金属支架治疗晚期结直肠癌合并急性肠梗阻的临床初步研究

目的:探讨经结肠镜配合X线下置入钛镍记忆合金支架治疗晚期结直肠癌合并急性肠梗阻的安全性与临床疗效。方法:对35例晚期结直肠癌合并急性肠梗阻的患者行永久性支架置入术姑息治疗(支架组),以35例接受传统结肠造瘘手术的同类患者作为对照组,比较两组的手术成功率及临床疗效。结果:支架组放置成功率为100%,并发症发生率为8.57%(术后发生1例肠穿孔,2例支架再梗阻),患者术后即可下床活动,不需人工肛门,随访1年生存率为94.2%;对照组手术成功率100%,并发症发生率为31.42%(术后5例肺部感染,5例切口感染,1例腹腔感染),随访1年生存率为97.1%。两组患者术后肠梗阻均完全缓解,但支架组与对照比较,肠道梗阻缓解迅速,生活质量明显改善,费用更低,并发症发生率低,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:结肠镜配合X线下置入钛镍记忆合金支架治疗结直肠癌恶性梗阻是一种简单可行、安全有效、并发症少的姑息性治疗手段,能减轻患者痛苦、提高生活质量,并且患者可获得与外科手术相当的生存时间。     

肠道支架联合腹腔镜手术在治疗结直肠癌并梗阻的临床研究

目的探讨肠道支架联合腹腔镜手术在结直肠癌并梗阻的治疗的安全有效性。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2016年12月汕大医学院第一附属医院胃肠外科收治的25例结直肠癌并梗阻患者临床资料。所有患者均于支架置入术后2周行腹腔镜结直肠肿瘤切除并1期吻合术。结果 25例患者均成功置入结肠支架,病变部位包括结肠肝曲2例、横结肠1例,降结肠5例、乙降结肠交界2例、乙状结肠9例、直乙状结肠交界2例,直肠上段癌4例。20例患者在支架置入后接受了腹腔镜根治手术,4例因肝肺转移、1例因肿瘤浸润小肠实施姑息性手术。术后均无出现切口感染,无腹腔出血及吻合口出血等并发症;1例术后出现吻合口瘘,经保守治疗后痊愈出院。结论肠道支架应用于结直肠癌并急性梗阻的治疗安全、有效;由于能够快速解除肠道梗阻,肠道支架放置有助于做好术前准备、实施根治性切除。     

经肛肠梗阻导管联合腹腔镜手术治疗结直肠恶性梗阻

目的 评价经肛肠梗阻减压导管联合腹腔镜手术在结直肠恶性梗阻治疗中的应用价值.方法 2007年3月至2010年10月37例急性完全性结直肠恶性梗阻患者经肛置入肠梗阻导管至梗阻近端肠管,冲洗引流4～10 d后行腹腔镜探查并一期切除吻合.结果 37例患者中34例成功置入导管,导管引流时间为4～10 d,平均(5.8±1.6)d.置入肠梗阻导管后(3.8±1.3)d(1～7 d)患者腹痛、腹胀症状消失.与入院时腹围(92 4±7)cm相比,手术时腹围(84±6)cm,明显缩小(P=0.013).其中31例患者减压后完成腹腔镜一期根治切除吻合,术后患者恢复顺利,无严重并发症.结论 经肛型肠梗阻减压导管联合腹腔镜手术治疗急性结直肠梗阻安全、有效,可将急诊手术转为限期手术,在适当的肠道准备后腹腔镜下根治手术并一期吻合是可行的.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transanal drainage tube followed by laparoscopic surgery in management of malignant colorectal obstruction. Methods From March 2007 to October 2010, 37 patients with colorectal cancer manifesting acute complete mechanical obstruction were treated by ileus tube drainage. After irrigation and drainage ranging from 4 to 10 days, the radical operations and anastomosis were performed by laparoscopy. Results The drainage tubes were successfully implanted in 34 patients. The decompression time of patients was (5. 8 ±1.6) d, ranging from 4 to 10 d. The abdominal pain and bloating symptoms were faded away after (3. 8 ±1.3) d (1 to 7 d) drainage. And comparing to that of patients when admission, abdominal circumference significantly reduced from ( 92 ± 7 ) cm to (84 ±6)cm(P =0. 013) before surgery. Thirty-one cases were performed radical resection and anastomosis by laparoscopy after decompression. Postoperative recovery was smooth, and there was no serious complication. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery followed decompression by transanal ileus tube is effective and safe for acute lower colorectal obstruction. Emergency surgery may be converted to limit surgery by this method. After appropriate bowel preparation, laparoscopic radical surgery and anastomosis is feasible.     

腹腔镜联合胸腔镜一期切除结直肠癌肺转移的疗效及预后因素

目的：探讨腹腔镜联合胸腔镜（双镜）一期切除结直肠癌肺转移的疗效及预后相关因素。方法：回顾性分析35例结直肠癌同时肺转移患者的临床资料,其中17例进行了双镜一期手术切除（双镜手术组）,术后接受化疗;其余18例仅接受全身化疗（非手术组）,比较两组疗效并分析双镜手术患者的预后因素。结果：双镜手术组患者原发性病灶及肺转移灶均达到R0切除。双镜手术组与非手术组1、2年生存率分别为82.3%、44.4%（P=0.028）和52.3%、22.2%（P=0.001）。单因素分析显示,肺转移瘤数量（P=0.002）及纵膈淋巴结阳性（P<0.001）与患者术后生存有关,而患者的性别、年龄,原发肿瘤部位、病理类型、T分期,肺转移瘤大小、切除方式,手术前CEA水平,化疗方案均与其术后生存时间无关（均P>0.05）;多因素分析显示,肺转移瘤数量（P=0.005）、纵膈淋巴结转移（P=0.006）是患者术后的预后独立影响因素。结论：结直肠癌肺转移双镜一期手术切除可提高患者的总生存率;肺转移瘤数量及有无纵膈淋巴结转移是影响术后预后的独立因素。

     

镍钛记忆合金支架与腹腔镜手术联合治疗结直肠癌伴肠梗阻34例分析

目的探讨结直肠癌伴肠梗阻微创治疗新方法。方法对结直肠癌伴肠梗阻34例患者,先在结肠镜引导下置入记忆合金肠道支架解除梗阻,再经充分肠道准备后,腹腔镜下施行根治性切除手术。结果 34例患者手术时间160～340min,平均210min;术后胃肠功能恢复时间2～4d,平均2.1d。术后出现吻合口漏1例,切口感染2例,经保守治疗治愈。TNMⅡ期患者5例,术后住院7～12d,平均8.2d;Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者29例,术后5-FU/LV或FOLFOX4方案化疗。随访26例,时间3～36个月,平均15个月,1例死于广泛转移,其他25例无局部复发、切口肿瘤种植及吻合口狭窄。结论记忆合金支架与腹腔镜手术联合治疗结直肠癌伴肠梗阻具有微创、安全、恢复快、疗效好等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜辅助手术治疗高龄梗阻性结肠癌病人的临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下手术治疗高龄梗阻性结肠癌病人的临床效果以及相关机制。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选择2012年2月至2015年8月诊治的高龄梗阻性结肠癌病人120例,根据随机抽签原则分为观察组与对照组各60例,观察组采用腹腔镜辅助下手术治疗,对照组采用开腹手术治疗,记录两组预后情况。结果所有病人均顺利完成手术,观察组无中转开腹情况,不过观察组的术中出血量、肠蠕动恢复时间及术后住院时间均明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组手术时间对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组术后1个月的肺部感染、吻合口瘘、切口感染、肠梗阻等并发症发生率为6.7%,对照组为23.3%,观察组明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组与对照组术前CD133阳性表达率分别为85.0%和81.7%,术后1个月的阳性表达率分别为6.7%和20.0%,观察组术后1个月的CD133阳性表达率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后1个月的血清白细胞介素(IL)-6和IL-10含量均明显少于术前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),同时术后1个月观察组的血清IL-6和IL-10含量也均明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜辅助下手术治疗高龄梗阻性结肠癌能减轻炎症反应,抑制CD133分子的表达,具有更好的微创性,能减少术后并发症的发生,从而促进病人康复。     

Efficacy of laparoscopic resection in elderly patients with colorectal cancer

Purpose

The perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly patients were compared with those of open surgery in elderly patients and those of laparoscopic surgery in nonelderly patients to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods

The data of the patients who underwent surgical resection for colorectal cancer between January 2007 and September 2012 were retrospectively collected. The clinical backgrounds and outcomes of elderly patients (≥70 years of age) who underwent laparoscopic surgery (EL group) were compared with those of elderly patients who underwent open surgery (EO group) and those of nonelderly patients (<70 years of age) who underwent laparoscopic surgery (NL group).

Results

Compared with the EO group, the EL group showed significantly less blood loss (15 versus 100 ml), fewer postoperative complications (10.7 versus 36.7 %), earlier resumption of an oral diet (4 versus 5 days) and shorter postoperative hospital stays (16 versus 28 days). A case-matched analysis showed similar results. All perioperative outcomes were equivalent between the EL and NL groups.

Conclusions

Laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly patients with cancer was not only superior to open surgery in elderly patients, but also equivalent to laparoscopic surgery in nonelderly patients in terms of the postoperative outcomes.     

腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术疗效分析

Objective To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer. Methods From September 2000 to December 2004, 99 patients with colorectal cancer underwent laparoscopic radical resection (laparoscopic group) and 198 patients with colorectal cancer underwent open radical resection (open group) at the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University. The differences in local recurrence and survival between the two groups were compared. The local recurrence of tumors and survival of patients in the two groups were calculated by the life-table method, and were compared by the Wilcoxon (Gehan) test, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The recurrence interval and survival time of the two groups were compared by non-parametric Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results The 2-and 3-year local recurrence rates in the laparoscopic group were both 3.0% and the overall local recurrence rate was 3.0% (3/99). The 2-and 3-year local recurrence rates in the open group were 2.6% and 4.0% , respectively, and the overall local recurrence rate was 3.5% (7/198), with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =0.002, P > 0. 05). The median survival time of patients with local recurrence was 15 months (range, 7-24 months) in the laparoscopic group and 11 months (range, 2-28 months) in the open group, with no significant difference between the groups (U = 15. 500, P >0. 05). The 1-year survival rate was 33.3% in the laparoscopic group and 42.9% in the open group. The 2-year survival rate was zero in the laparoscopic group and 42. 9% in the open group. There were no significant differences between the groups for the 1-and 2-year survival rates (χ2 =0.120, P>0.05). Conclusions The efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer is similar to that of open surgery. Laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer is safe and feasible, and does not increase the recurrence rate of cancer.     

腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术疗效分析

Objective To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer. Methods From September 2000 to December 2004, 99 patients with colorectal cancer underwent laparoscopic radical resection (laparoscopic group) and 198 patients with colorectal cancer underwent open radical resection (open group) at the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University. The differences in local recurrence and survival between the two groups were compared. The local recurrence of tumors and survival of patients in the two groups were calculated by the life-table method, and were compared by the Wilcoxon (Gehan) test, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The recurrence interval and survival time of the two groups were compared by non-parametric Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results The 2-and 3-year local recurrence rates in the laparoscopic group were both 3.0% and the overall local recurrence rate was 3.0% (3/99). The 2-and 3-year local recurrence rates in the open group were 2.6% and 4.0% , respectively, and the overall local recurrence rate was 3.5% (7/198), with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =0.002, P > 0. 05). The median survival time of patients with local recurrence was 15 months (range, 7-24 months) in the laparoscopic group and 11 months (range, 2-28 months) in the open group, with no significant difference between the groups (U = 15. 500, P >0. 05). The 1-year survival rate was 33.3% in the laparoscopic group and 42.9% in the open group. The 2-year survival rate was zero in the laparoscopic group and 42. 9% in the open group. There were no significant differences between the groups for the 1-and 2-year survival rates (χ2 =0.120, P>0.05). Conclusions The efficacy of laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer is similar to that of open surgery. Laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer is safe and feasible, and does not increase the recurrence rate of cancer.     

腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术疗效分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的疗效.方法 比较2000年9月至2004年12月福建医科大学附属协和医院收治的99例腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术(腹腔镜组)患者和198例开腹结直肠癌根治术(开腹组)患者局部复发及生存情况的差异.两组各随访时间段的局部复发率、生存率计算采用寿命表法,局部复发率及生存率的比较采用Wilcoxon(Gehan)检验或X2检验及Fisher确切概率法,复发间隔时间、生存时间的比较均采用非参数Wilcoxan秩和检验.结果 腹腔镜组2、3年局部复发率均为3.0%,总的局部复发率3.0%(3/99);开腹组2、3年局部复发率分别为2.6%和4.0%,总的局部复发率为3.5%(7/198),两组局部复发率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.002,P>0.05).两组局部复发的患者中位生存时间分别为15个月(7～24个月)和11个月(2～28个月),差异无统计学意义(U-15.500,P>0.05).两组局部复发的患者1年生存率分别为33.3%和42.9%,2年生存率分别为0和42.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.120,P>0.05).结论 腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术与开腹结直肠癌根治术有同样的疗效,且安全可行,不会增加肿瘤的复发率.     

经肛减压导管置入处理结直肠癌并急性梗阻的临床观察

目的 探讨内镜辅助下经肛门置入减压导管在低位结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻中的应用及疗效观察。方法 13例急性结直肠癌性梗阻患者在结肠镜辅助下,经肛门置入肠梗阻减压导,灌洗、引流等保守治疗7~10天后行一期根治手术。结果 13例患者均成功置入减压导管;术后患者腹痛、腹胀明显缓解,腹胀呕吐症状消失;置管后第3天,腹围由92.7±5.7 cm减小到81.2±4.8 cm;腹腔内压力由21.00±1.5 cmH₂O减至12.2±0.8 cmH₂O;减压导管引流量从782.3±72.1 mL下降至33.8±15.3 mL;梗阻近端肠管最大横径由5.4±0.6 cm缩小至2±0.3 cm（均P<0.001）。所有患者均接受一期结肠癌根治手术,术后未发生吻合口漏、伤口、腹腔感染等并发症。结论 对于低位结直肠癌伴发急性肠梗阻,经肛门置管减压不仅可显著缓解梗阻症状同时有利于改善患者全身状况并进行充分的术前准备,为一期根治性手术赢得时机;具有有效、安全、经济、创伤小等优势。     

腹腔镜辅助下结直肠癌根治术40例

目的总结腹腔镜辅助下结直肠癌根治术的经验. 方法经腹腔镜行结直肠癌根治术40例,Dukes A期21例,B期16例,C期3例.其中盲肠癌2例,升结肠癌4例,乙状结肠癌13例,直肠癌21例. 结果 40例均完成腹腔镜辅助手术,手术时间(110.8±23.5)min,术中出血量(150.4±23.2)ml.术后(12.2±3.8)h离床活动,(39.3±4.2)h肛门排气,随访2～72个月,平均38.5个月,除1例拒绝化疗,1年后肿瘤复发外,其余均未见肿瘤转移、局部复发、trocar处及小切口处肿瘤种植. 结论 Dukes分期A、B、C期的结直肠癌可行腹腔镜下结直肠癌根治术.可以达到恶性肿瘤根治性手术的淋巴结廓清.     

机器人辅助多脏器切除在治疗结直肠癌中的应用

目的探讨机器人辅助多脏器切除治疗结直肠癌的安全性及可行性。 方法回顾分析2014年11月至2017年12月吉林省肿瘤医院收治的13例结直肠患者的临床资料,选择机器人辅助联合多脏器切除术作为治疗策略。分析患者的一般资料、手术结果及肿瘤学结果。 结果全组患者中男7例、女6例,中位年龄60岁,其中直肠癌5例、乙状结肠癌8例;行整块切除7例,联合肝部分切除2例、小肠部分切除3例、子宫切除3例、卵巢切除4例、膀胱及输尿管部分切除1例、右半结肠切除1例。全组中位手术时间为225 min(90～360 min)、中位出血量50 ml(15～600 ml),无术中输血。全组共中转手术5例,其中计划性中转手术3例、非计划性中转手术2例。所有患者均达到R0切除,无围手术期死亡,发生术后并发症2例。 结论机器人辅助多脏器切除治疗结直肠癌是安全、可行的。