城市社区高血压病治疗依从性与对策

目的 了解社区高血压病人的发病率及治疗依从性。方法 采用常州市卫生局制定的《居民家庭健康档案》进行登记，对社区728例高血压病人进行调查。结果 社区高血压病患病率高、治疗依从性差。结论 加强对社区高血压病人的健康教育，帮助病人认识治疗依从性的重要性。     

社区老年原发性高血压患者治疗依从性的研究进展

<正>原发性高血压(EH)是多种心脑血管疾病的重要病因和危险因素,影响心、脑、肾等重要脏器的结构与功能,最终导致这些器官的功能衰竭。EH是冠心病和脑卒中最直接的原因〔1〕。老年人常因EH并发各种心血管事件,增加了死亡率和住院率〔2〕。因此,防治心脑血管病的关键在于控制高血压〔3〕。目前人群中EH的发病率高而控制率低仍是医学界面临的难题,其中社区EH患者对治疗的依从性差是导致血压控制率低的最     

社区高血压病患者依从性的观察

高血压病是常见的、多发的心血管疾病,也是冠心病和脑中风的重要危险因素.治疗高血压的目的不仅在于降血压本身,还在于全面降低心血管病的发病率和死亡率.     

长春市社区老年高血压患者治疗依从性现状

目的调查长春市社区老年高血压患者治疗依从性现状及影响因素。方法通过随机抽样方法抽取373例社区老年高血压患者进行问卷调查。结果长春市社区老年高血压患者治疗依从性总分为(3.16±0.70)分,其中遵医服药依从性得分最高〔(3.29±0.01)分〕、日常生活管理依从性得分最低〔(3.04±1.02)分〕,影响治疗依从性的因素有经济来源、退休前职业、住院次数、医疗费来源。结论长春市社区老年高血压患者治疗依从性不高,处于中等水平,其中日常生活管理依从性需要引起高度重视;加强社区高血压健康知识宣教活动有助于提高社区老年高血压患者的治疗依从性。     

社区老年人原发性高血压药物治疗依从性的调查

目的(1)预防和控制高血压;(2)指导高血压患者用药;(3)降低高血压的致残率和病死率。方法(1)采取随机抽样的方法对本社区1580名患者入户调查服药情况及测血压。(2)采用Morisky等报道推荐的标准确定原发性高血压药物依从性(CPAT)。并进行统计学分析。结果在所调查的高血压患者中服用一种药物者占82.1%,CPAT佳者为24.1%,服用一种药物组的CPAT显著优于服用两种药物组。结论原发性高血压患者服用一种药物的依从性佳,但高血压治疗原则要求联合用药,因此,应开发一些作用时间长、价格低廉、副作用小的复方制剂。     

社区老年高血压患者药物治疗依从性影响因素调查研究

目的调查社区老年高血压患者药物治疗依从性的影响因素。方法随机抽取2012年6月—2013年9月在公明西田社康中心就诊的老年原发性高血压患者60例,对其采用面对面方式进行问卷调查,包括一般情况、服药情况、原发性高血压药物治疗依从性(CPAT)评定、血压控制情况。结果 60例患者中CPAT优22例,占36.7%;CPAT差38例,占63.3%。CPAT差的具体原因:63.2%(24/38)的患者因记忆力差忘记服药,21.0%(8/38)的患者自觉症状缓解血压正常而停药,13.2%(5/38)的患者认为症状轻没必要服药,2.6%(1/38)的患者认为服药后血压得不到缓解而停药。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、文化程度、服药种类、服药次数和是否有并发症及是否规律自测血压患者间CPAT为优所占比例比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论社区老年高血压患者CPAT相对欠佳,年龄越大、文化程度越低、服药种类越多、服药次数越多,其药物治疗依从性越差,应针对其影响因素进行相关健康教育指导,从而提高药物治疗依从性,提高治疗效果,改善预后。     

社区干预对农村高血压患者治疗依从性的影响因素研究

目的探讨社区干预策略对农村高血压治疗依从性的影响。方法将农村社区接受高血压规范化管理的132例高血压患者按随机数字表法以及随机数余数法分为干预组和对照组,两组均给予药物降压治疗,干预组再加用社区干预手段,随访8周,分析两组的治疗效果和血压控制率。结果干预组的总有效率、依从性和血压控制率均显著高于对照组(86.36%比70.37%,86.36%比57.41%,39.39%比18.52%,均为P<0.05),高血压治疗依从性与社区干预策略等多种因素密切相关。结论农村高血压控制率明显低于全国水平,社区干预策略能够明显提高农村高血压的治疗依从性和血压控制率。     

上海市邮电职工高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的调查

目的：了解上海市邮电职工高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率。方法：于１９９９年６月随机抽取上海市区邮电职工１０５４人（年龄２４～８２岁）进行血压测量和统一问卷调查。高血压人群定义为血压≥１４０／９０ｍｍＨｇ,或有高血压史及接受降压治疗者。结果：普查对象中查出为高血压的人为６５．５％知道自己的高血压;门诊的高血压病人有７５．３％知道自己有高血压。４４％的高血压病人在接受规范降压治疗,但仅２１．５％血压能控制在〈１４０／９０ｍｍＨｇ。结论：结果显示这一人群的高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率仍不理想。     

动态血压监测高血压病病人治疗依从性临床观察

目的 调查高血压病病人掌握高血压危险因素的状况及降压效果。方法 采用24h动态血压方法对100例确诊的高血压病痛人进行监测，了解高血压危险因素知晓率和服用降压药物的效果。结果 高血压病病人对使血压升高的危险因素知晓率较高，但对高血压病危害及严重性没有足够的重视。服药治疗期间70％的受试者不能定时监测血压，68％受试者不知晓监测血压的注意事项。治疗的依从性较低，46％的受试者未能按照医嘱服用降压药，服药误区在血压上升则服药，血压正常就随心所欲地停药，对血压略升高或略降低就加减药物。其次对危险因素的干预措施不恰当，由高血压危险因素导致的高血压合并症控制达不到理想的高血压疗效标准。结论 对高血压病病人在药物治疗的同时还须进行有效的健康教育，才能把高血压的危害降到最低。     

西藏昂仁县高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率的调查

目的调查西藏昂仁县农牧民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率,为西藏地区高血压的防治提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,通过调查问卷的形式,在2017年5~9月调查18岁及以上昂仁县农牧区藏族居民的高血压患病情况。结果共调查2158人,平均收缩压为(128.67±25.90)mmHg,平均舒张压为(86.77±16.53)mmHg。高血压患病率为37.81%,知晓率为52.82%,治疗率为45.10%、控制率为6.62%。结论西藏昂仁县农牧民(≥18岁)高血压患病率高,而知晓率、治疗率及控制率较低,需要进一步加强高血压防治工作。     

Prevalence,awareness, treatment,control and correlates of prevalence and control of hypertension among older adults in Kerala: A mixed methods study

IntroductionWe conducted this study among older adults with the following objectives: (1) To find out the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, (2) To understand the factors associated with hypertension prevalence and control.MethodsA mixed-methods study employing a sequential explanatory design was conducted with a survey of 300 participants aged ≥60 years, and 15 in-depth interviews. Blood Pressure (BP) and waist circumference were measured using standard protocol. Survey data were analysed using univariate and multivariate procedures. In-depth interviews were analysed employing thematic analysis.ResultsHypertension prevalence was 72.3% (95% CI = 67.1–77.2), 68.2% (CI = 61.8–74.2) were aware, 65.4% (CI = 59.0–71.6) were treated and 24% (CI = 18.6–29.9) achieved adequate control. Inadequate physical activity [(adjusted odds ratio (AOR)] = 2.34; CI = 1.19–4.59), current alcohol use (AOR = 2.28; CI = 1.06–4.91) and self-reported diabetes (AOR = 2.02; CI = 1.15–3.52) were associated with hypertension prevalence. Those who reported diabetes (AOR = 2.72, CI = 1.34–5.55), with education level up to high school (AOR = 2.58, CI = 1.11–6.00) and who were in the age group 60–70 years (AOR = 2.14, CI = 1.09–4.20) were more likely to have controlled hypertension compared to their counterparts. From the in-depth interviews it was found that availability and accessibility of services, family support, financial wellbeing, habits and beliefs and conducive environment played a role in hypertension diagnosis and management.DiscussionPrevalence of hypertension was high in this population along with poor control. Efforts are required to improve hypertension control focussing on older adults with low education and those who are aged 70 years and above.     

Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in chronic kidney disease

Background

Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and blood pressure control rates in the population with chronic kidney disease are limited. The objective of this study was to determine the state of blood pressure control in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional analysis of data of participants with chronic kidney disease from the Kidney Early Evaluation Program. The Kidney Early Evaluation Program is a national-based health screening program for individuals at high risk for kidney disease conducted in 49 states and the District of Columbia. Of 55,220 adults with kidney disease, 10,813 completed information for demographic and medical characteristics used in the analysis. Predictors of blood pressure control were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

Hypertension prevalence, awareness, and treatment proportions in the screened cohort were high (86.2%, 80.2%, and 70.0%, respectively), but blood pressure control rates were low (13.2%). These proportions increased with advancing stage of kidney disease. Elevated systolic blood pressure accounted for the majority of inadequate control. Male gender (odds ratio [OR] 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-0.99), non-Hispanic black race (OR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.65-0.89), and body mass index of 30 kg/m² or more (OR 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73-0.94) were inversely related with blood pressure control. Those with stage 3 kidney disease were more likely to have blood pressure at goal than those with stage 1 kidney disease (OR 2.08; 95% CI, 1.55-2.80).

Conclusion

We conclude that despite increased awareness and treatment of hypertension, control rates in these participants are poor. This poor control rate centers around elevated systolic pressure in people who are obese, non-Hispanic black, or male. These data suggest that those who are aware of their kidney disease are more likely to achieve blood pressure control.     

云南省居民高血压的患病率、知晓率及治疗率调查

目的:了解云南省15～69岁人群高血压患病率以及知晓率、治疗率和控制率。方法:对云南省8个州(市)的16个县(区)15～69岁常住居民进行高血压抽样调查,应用标准问卷询问高血压病史以及高血压的治疗情况,采用电子血压计进行血压的测量。结果:总人群高血压患病粗率24.8%,标化率21.5%;高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为22.9%、12.7%和1.0%。结论:本省高血压患病率呈现增长趋势;与全国比较,高血压患病率较高,高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低。     

上海市长宁区社区人群原发性高血压患病现况及危险因素的调查

目的 通过对上海市长宁区社区人群的抽样调查,了解其高血压的患病率、知晓率和治疗率,并分析与高血压相关联的主要危险因素.方法：采取整群抽样的方法,随机抽取四个社区,对其中35～91岁且排除继发性高血压的自然人群19 519人 （男性8 673人,女性10 846人） 进行调查分析.结果 （1） 高血压的患病率、知晓率和治疗率分别为39.88%、84.74%和47.93%,三率均为65-91岁组高于35-64岁组（39.88%和22.27%,87.40%和78.74%,49.88%和43.53%,P〈0.05）;（2） 对高血压影响因素进行多因素 Logistic 回归分析,结果显示高血压与年龄、性别 （男性）、体质指数、家庭收入、摄盐量、父母高血压史及本人高脂血症史相关（P值均小于0.001）,年龄、性别、体质指数、父母高血压史、本人高脂血症史的OR值分别为1.064 （1.060-1.068）、1.098 （1.053～1.145）、1.134 （1.121-1.147）、1.831 （1.722～1.947）、1.507 （1.329-1.708）;以家庭年收入5万以下组为参照,5-10万和10万以上组 OR 值分别为 2.349 （1.559-3.540）和 2.462 （1.620-3.742）;以摄盐量 6-12g/d 组为参照,〈6g/d组和〉 12 g/d 组 OR 值分别为0.888 （0.832-0.947）和1.117 （1.016～1.227）.结论上海市长宁区社区人群≥65岁者高血压的患病率较高,而中青年高血压的知晓率和治疗率较低,特别是男性.年龄、男性、体质指数高、嗜盐、家庭收入高、高血压家族史及本人高脂血症史是高血压患病的主要危险因素.     

World Hypertension Day and global awareness

The World Health Organization attributes hypertension, or high blood pressure, as the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality. The World Hypertension League (WHL), an umbrella organization of 85 national hypertension societies and leagues, recognized that more than 50% of the hypertensive population worldwide are unaware of their condition. To address this problem, the WHL initiated a global awareness campaign on hypertension in 2005 and dedicated May 17 of each year as World Hypertension Day (WHD). Over the past three years, more national societies have been engaging in WHD and have been innovative in their activities to get the message to the public. In 2007, there was record participation from 47 member countries of the WHL. During the week of WHD, all these countries -- in partnership with their local governments, professional societies, nongovernmental organizations and private industries -- promoted hypertension awareness among the public through several media and public rallies. Using mass media such as Internet and television, the message reached more than 250 million people. As the momentum picks up year after year, the WHL is confident that almost all the estimated 1.5 billion people affected by elevated blood pressure can be reached. The success of WHD is due to the enthusiasm and voluntary action of multiple stakeholders from every member country.     

河北省香河县农村高血压流行与管理水平现状调查

  目的 了解河北省香河县农村高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、达标率及影响因素。方法 2011年7—8月对香河县年满35岁的830例农村居民进行血压测量和问卷调查。结果 高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和达标率分别为42.4%、54.8%、50.0%与11.9%。logistic回归分析显示影响知晓率和治疗率的主要因素是年龄、BMI、家族史及文化程度,影响达标率的主要因素是年龄、家族史及饮酒。结论 在本调查人群中,高血压患病率高,知晓率、治疗率和达标率低,提示农村高血压防控水平亟待提高。     

中年人群高血压患病率及控制状况的演变趋势

背景高血压是心血管病的主要危险因素,了解和掌握高血压的流行及控制状况对心血管病防治意义重大。目的了解中年人群高血压患病率及控制状况的演变趋势。方法利用国家八五(1992—1994年)、九五(1998年)和十五(2004—2005年)期间年龄在35～59岁的12组可比人群资料进行分析。结果 2004—2005期间高血压标化患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别达到24.4%、48.4%、38.5%和9.5%,与其他两个时期比较均有明显增加(P<0.05)。在接受治疗的高血压患者中,不同时期的控制率分别为12.2%、19.2%、24.0%。无论患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率,性别之间、不同体质量指数之间、城乡之间都存在差异。乡村控制率的增长高于城市(14.6%对11.7%)。结论高血压的患病率仍在不断攀升,尽管控制率有所增加,但仍处于低水平。进一步提高人群的控制率仍是当务之急。