ZNF300基因在肝癌耐药细胞HepG2/VCR中的表达及功能初探

目的建立人肝癌HepG2/VCR耐药细胞株,检测ZNF300基因在HepG2/VCR中的表达并初步分析其在肝癌多药耐药(MDR)中发挥的功能。方法采用体外低浓度梯度递增的诱导方法建立长春新碱(VCR)获得性HepG2/VCR耐药细胞株。MTT法检测确定HepG2/VCR耐药细胞株对VCR的耐药性,用Western blot方法检测人锌指蛋白ZNF300基因编码的ZNF300及多药耐药基因编码的P糖蛋白(P-gp)在HepG2和HepG2/VCR细胞中的表达差异;在HepG2/VCR细胞中转染ZNF300基因正向或反向cDNA质粒后,MTT法检测VCR对耐药细胞IC50值的变化,Westernblot方法检测细胞内P-gp表达的影响。结果 MTT检测确认HepG2/VCR耐药细胞构建成功,Western blot检测发现耐药细胞中ZNF300及P-gp的表达相对于HepG2细胞明显增高。在HepG2/VCR细胞中转染正向ZNF300 cDNA质粒后,MTT和Western blot检测发现ZNF300过表达可使VCR对耐药细胞的IC50值增高,并使细胞内P-gp表达上调;在转染反向cDNA质粒Knockdown ZNF300基因表达后得到相反的结果。结论 ZNF300基因在HepG2/VCR耐药细胞中表达明显增高,并能通过上调耐药蛋白P-gp的表达促进肝癌细胞耐药性,可以作为逆转肝癌多药耐药的分子作用靶点。     

圣和散对胃癌SGC7901/VCR耐药细胞P-糖蛋白表达的影响

胃癌多药耐药(multidrug resistance,MDR)是胃癌化疗失败的主要原因之一[1],P-糖蛋白(P-glucoprotein,P-gp)是与胃癌MDR相关的主要分子,其表达水平与细胞膜通透性、细胞内药物浓度以及细胞耐药程度密切相关[2,3]。本实验主要观察中药圣和散逆转胃癌SGC7901/VCR耐药细胞MDR的作用。1材料与方法1·1材料耐长春新碱(VCR)人胃癌细胞株(SGC7901/VCR)(引自第四军医大学西京医院);RPMI1640细胞培养基(美国Gibco公司);噻唑蓝(MTT)、曲拉通(Triton X-100)(美国Sigma公司);抗P-gp单抗(美国Immunotech公司);流式细胞仪(美国BD公司);5-…     

姜黄素逆转人结肠癌细胞株HCT-8/VCR多药耐药的研究

目的探讨姜黄素对人结肠癌耐药细胞株HCT-8/VCR多药耐药性的逆转作用及可能机制。方法运用MTT法进行药敏试验,流式细胞仪检测细胞内罗丹明123(Rh123)的表达,RT-PCR法检测多药耐药基因mdr1 mR-NA水平的变化,Western blot法检测mdr1基因蛋白产物P糖蛋白(P-gp)表达水平的变化。结果经25μmol/L姜黄素处理后,增强了HCT-8/VCR细胞对VCR的敏感性,其逆转倍数为4.58倍,增加了细胞内Rh123的蓄积(P<0.05),明显抑制了多药耐药基因mdr1 mRNA及其蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。结论本研究结果提示姜黄素能抑制耐药基因的表达及功能,提高细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,从而逆转结肠癌细胞的多药耐药性。     

尼美舒利对人胃癌SGC7901 VCR细胞耐药逆转作用

目的 研究尼美舒利对人胃癌敏感细胞株SGC7901及多药耐药细胞株SGC7901VCR的影响,初步探讨其逆转人胃癌耐药的机制。方法 MTT法测定细胞生长抑制率、流式细胞仪检测细胞内Rh123浓度和P-170、GST-π表达水平变化。结果 尼美舒利对SGC7901及SGC7901VCR细胞的生长抑制呈明显时间剂量依赖关系。但尼美舒利对SGC7901VCR细胞效应强度明显弱于SGC7901细胞。尼美舒利能提高SGC7901VCR细胞内Rh123荧光强度,下调P-170和GST-π的水平(P＜0.05)。结论 尼美舒利对人胃癌SGC7901VCR耐药有一定逆转作用,作用机制可能与下调P-170和GST-π的水平有关。     

苦参碱和氧化苦参碱对胃癌细胞株SGC7901/VCR耐药性的作用

目的研究苦参碱和氧化苦参碱对人胃癌细胞株SGC7901/VCR耐药性的作用。方法以SGC7901/VCR为研究对象,用SRB法测定苦参碱和氧化苦参碱对SGC7901/VCR耐药细胞的增殖抑制率,计算IC50和IC10,并进一步计算其耐药倍数和逆转倍数。流式细胞术检测罗丹明123的荧光强度变化。结果苦参碱和氧化苦参碱对SGC7901/VCR均存在抑制作用,且呈剂量依赖。VCR耐药倍数为33.4倍;0.78 mg/ml苦参碱逆转倍数为1.92倍;0.71 mg/ml氧化苦参碱逆转倍数为3.39倍;细胞内罗丹明123浓度较明显增加(P<0.01)。结论低毒浓度的苦参碱和氧化苦参碱对人胃癌耐药细胞株SGC7901/VCR具有一定的耐药逆转作用,且氧化苦参碱优于苦参碱。     

米尔贝逆转耐阿霉素人乳腺癌细胞多药耐药的作用

目的 探寻米尔贝类化合物尼莫克汀、米尔贝β1逆转人乳腺癌多药耐药细胞株(MCF-7/adr)多药耐药(multidrug resistance,MDR)的作用及机制.方法 采用MTT比色法测定细胞生长抑制率及耐药指数;高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测细胞内阿霉素(ADR)的积累变化;荧光分光光度仪检测罗丹明123(Rh123)在肿瘤细胞内的积累;通过RT-PCR与流式细胞仪检测MDR1基因与P-糖蛋白(P-gp)表达的变化.结果 5 μmol·L-1的尼莫克汀、米尔贝β1可明显增强MCF-7/adr对ADR的敏感性,增加细胞内ADR及Rh123的积累,且呈剂量依赖关系,不同程度降低MDR1和P-gp的表达.结论 尼莫克汀、米尔贝β1对MCF-7/adr的耐药有一定的逆转作用,且尼莫克汀效果好于米尔贝β1.     

CQ11逆转多药耐药人胃癌细胞株对多柔比星的耐药

目的:探讨氯喹衍生物CQ11对耐长春新碱(vincristine,VCR)人胃癌多药耐药(multidrug resistance,MDR)细胞株SGC7901/VCR的耐药逆转作用。方法:将SGC7901和SGC7901/VCR细胞分别与各种浓度的多柔比星(doxorubicin,DOX)和/或CQ11在体外共同培养,采用MTT法检测其细胞毒作用;采用荧光分光光度计测定细胞内DOX蓄积量。结果:SGC7901/VCR细胞对DOX的耐药程度是SGC7901细胞的37.5倍。1.0、2.5和5.0 mol/L的CQ11分别使DOX对SGC7901/VCR细胞的敏感性分别增加到2.2倍(P<0.01)、5.5倍(P<0.01)和14倍(P<0.01)。DOX蓄积实验表明,CQ11能显著增加SGC7901/VCR细胞内DOX蓄积,而对SGC7901细胞内DOX蓄积无明显影响。结论:通过增加细胞内DOX蓄积量,CQ11在体外能有效逆转SGC7901/VCR细胞对DOX的耐药性。     

新的四氢异喹啉类化合物CPUE1逆转K562/A02细胞的多药耐药性

目的 :研究新的四氢异喹啉类化合物CPUE1逆转K5 6 2 A0 2细胞多药耐药性的作用及机制。方法 :在CPUE1的作用下 ,用MTT法检测长春新碱(vincristine ,VCR)对K5 6 2 A0 2多药耐药细胞的细胞毒作用的变化 ,使用DNA分析和Annexin Ⅴ PI双染法研究CPUE1对VCR诱导K5 6 2 A0 2细胞凋亡的影响 ,流式细胞仪检测CPUE1对P 糖蛋白 (P glycop rotein ,P gp)外排罗丹明 12 3(rhodamine12 3,Rh12 3)的作用。结果 :CPUE1能明显提高VCR对K5 6 2 A0 2多药耐药细胞的细胞毒作用以及凋亡诱导作用 ,10 μmol·L-1的CPUE1能使K5 6 2 A0 2对VCR的IC50值由 6 0 .5 4μmol·L-1降至 4 .17μmol·L-1。CPUE1还能抑制Rh12 3外排从而增加细胞内Rh12 3的蓄积浓度。结论 :CPUE1通过抑制P gp的活性逆转K5 6 2 A0 2细胞的多药耐药性。     

麻黄碱逆转K562/A02细胞多药耐药性的研究

目的：观察非细胞毒性质量浓度的麻黄碱对耐药的白血病细胞株（KS62／A02）多药耐药性的逆转作用，并探讨其逆转机制。方法：用MTT法检测麻黄碱的细胞毒作用；用流式细胞仪检测非细胞毒性浓度的麻黄碱处理后K562／A02细胞膜表面糖蛋白P170表达及功能的变化。结果：麻黄碱对K562／A02有一定的细胞毒作用，其非细胞质量浓度（IC10）为75mg·L^-1，非细胞毒性质量浓度的麻黄碱对K562／A02细胞对阿霉素的耐药性有部分逆转作用（5．67倍），作用于K562／A02细胞后，细胞膜糖蛋白P170的表达从（85．3±5．5）％下调至（34．8±1．2）％，DNR外渗试验显示，细胞内化疗药物的质量浓度明显增加。结论：麻黄碱通过下调K562／A02细胞膜糖蛋白P170的表达，抑制其将化疗药物“泵”出细胞外的功能，提高化疗药物在K562／A02细胞内的有效质量浓度，能部分逆转K562／A02细胞的多药耐药性。     

环孢菌素A联合干扰素对白血病细胞株的多药耐药逆转的实验研究

目的：观察联合逆转剂对白血病细胞株多药耐药（MDR）的逆转作用，提高化疗的敏感性，方法：用环孢菌素A（CsA)和干扰素－α（INF-α）单独或联合逆转多药耐药细胞株K562／A02对柔红霉素（DNR）的耐药，药敏试验采用MTT法，同时用流式细胞仪检测逆转前后P糖蛋白（PgP)表达的变化及细胞内DNR浓度分布情况。结果：DNR对K562／A02及K562／S细胞的半数细胞抑制剂量（IC50）分别为7．3μg/ml和0．2μg/ml，CsA联合INF－α后明显增强DNR对K562／A02的细胞毒作用，IC60由7．3μg/ml降低到0．7μg/ml，而对K562／S细胞无影响，且逆转后细胞内DNR浓度明显增加，PgP表达无明显变化，结论：CsA和IFN－α联合能使白血病细胞株K562／A02对DNA的敏感性增加，具有逆转多药耐药的作用。     

Effect of curcumin on multidrug resistance in resistant human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901/VCR

AIM: To investigate the reversal effects of curcumin on multidrug resistance (MDR) in a resistant human gastric carcinoma cell line. METHODS: The cytotoxic effect of vincristine (VCR) was evaluated by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis induced by VCR was determined by propidium iodide (PI)-stained flow cytometry (FCM) and a morphological assay using acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) dual staining. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function was demonstrated by the accumulation and efflux of rhodamine123 (Rh123) using FCM. The expression of P-gp and the activation of caspase-3 were measured by FCM using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated anti-P-gp and anti-cleaved caspase-3 antibodies, respectively. RESULTS: Curcumin, at concentrations of 5 micromol/L, 10 micromol/L, or 20 micromol/L, had no cytotoxic effect on a parent human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC7901) or its VCR-resistant variant cell line (SGC7901/VCR). The VCR-IC50 value of the SGC7901/VCR cells was 45 times more than that of the SGC7901cells and the SGC7901/VCR cells showed apoptotic resistance to VCR. SGC7901/VCR cells treated with 5 micromol/L, 10 micromol/L, or 20 micromol/L curcumin decreased the IC50 value of VCR and promoted VCR-mediated apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Curcumin (10 micromol/L) increased Rh123 accumulation and inhibited the efflux of Rh123 in SGC7901/VCR cells, but did not change the accumulation and efflux of Rh123 in SGC7901 cells. P-gp was overexpressed in SGC7901/VCR cells, whereas it was downregulated after a 24-h treatment with curcumin (10 micromol/L). Resistant cells treated with 1 mumol/L VCR alone showed 77% lower levels of caspase-3 activation relative to SGC7901 cells, but the activation of caspase-3 in the resistant cell line increased by 44% when cells were treated with VCR in combination with curcumin. CONCLUSION: Curcumin can reverse the MDR of the human gastric carcinoma SGC7901/VCR cell line. This might be associated with decreased P-gp function and expression, and the promotion of caspase-3 activation in MDR cells.     

Potentiation of etoposide and vincristine by two synthetic 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives in multidrug-resistant and atypical multidrug-resistant human cancer cells

Newly synthesized 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives had been screened to determine whether they could overcome vincristine (VCR)-resistance in VCR-resistant (P388/VCR) leukemia-bearing mice, and six compounds had strong reversing ability among the screened compounds. We further determined whether NK-250 and NK-252 among the six compounds could potentiate cytocidal activities of etoposide (VP16) as well as VCR against both multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell line (VJ-300) and atypical MDR cell line (KB/VM-4). Both VJ-300 and KB/VM-4 were derived from the same parental human cancer KB cell line: VJ-300 cells showed enhanced expression of a MDR-specific glycoprotein of molecular weight of 170,000 Da (gp170) while KB/VM-4 cells were selected as teniposide (VM26)-resistant cell line with no expression of gp170. NK-250 and NK-252 potentiated the cytotoxic action of VCR about 2- to 10-fold against KB and KB/VM-4 cells, and they almost completely reversed VCR-resistance in VJ-300 cells. By contrast, NK-250 and NK-252 potentiated the cytotoxic action of VP16 about 2-fold against KB cells while they reversed 5- to 10-fold VP16-resistance in both VJ-300 and KB/VM-4 cells. The reversal effect by NK-250 and NK-252 of VCR-resistance in VJ-300 cells appeared to be due to enhanced cellular accumulation of radioactive VCR through interaction to 170-kDa P-glycoprotein. The potentiation effects by these dihydropyridines of VCR and VP16 on KB or KB/VM-4 cells also appeared to be due to enhanced accumulation of radioactive VP16 or VCR, but the effects might be mediated through other mechanisms, plausibly enhanced cellular uptake of the drugs.     

Modulation of multidrug resistance in human leukemia cells with mdr1-targeted antisense oligonucleotides using variable treatment schedules

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to characterize the effect of chimeric AS-ODNs encapsulated with cationic lipids on MDR in human leukemia cells and to determine if this modification of the ODN alone or in combination with the cationic lipid might offer advantages over classical ODN treatment with free unmodulated or phosphorothiolated AS-ODNs. Furthermore, we extended the antisense method to the use of AS-ODNs in the parental drug-sensitive leukemia cells which express mdr1-mRNA at a relative low level and lack P170 expression to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic AS-ODN treatment. METHODS: The effect of a 4-day AS-ODN treatment in drug-resistant human leukemia cells which exhibit the classic MDR phenotype at a moderate level was examined. Twenty-four hours after the last ODN administration the cells were analyzed for mdr1-mRNA (quantitative RT-PCR) and P170 expression (FCM), for R123 accumulation/efflux capacity (FCM) and for sensitivity to vincristine (MTT). In the parental drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM cells the mdr1-mRNA expression was assessed 24, 48 and 72 h after AS-ODN treatment administered as free phosphorothioate or conjugated with DMRIE-C. RESULTS: Cationic lipids produced a clear increase in cellular ODN uptake but also caused an increase in variability of uptake rates (30% vs. 10% variability after free phosphorothioates). Both AS-ODNs inhibit P170 expression whereby the antisense effect of the chimeric ODN seems to be stronger compared to the phosphorothioate (30% vs. 22% MRK16 staining). Consistent with the inhibition of P170 expression, an increased sensitivity to vincristine was observed. In parental drug-sensitive cells, AS-ODN treatment caused nearly complete inhibition of mdr1-mRNA expression (5% of control). CONCLUSION: The data demonstrate that it is nearly impossible to achieve a complete reversal of the MDR phenotype in drug-resistant cells using AS-ODNs. A more promising approach seems to be the prophylactic treatment with AS-ODNs.     

Increase of daunorubicin and vincristine accumulation in multidrug resistant human ovarian carcinoma cells by a monoclonal antibody reacting with P-glycoprotein

An overexpression of plasma membrane 170-180 kDa P-glycoproteins is consistently found in multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell lines. In this study MRK-16, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) reacting with P-glycoprotein is used to study the putative functional role of this protein in vincristine (VCR) and daunorubicin (DNR) cellular accumulation in the MDR human ovarian carcinoma cell line 2780AD. We established that this cell line is highly cross-resistant to vincristine and daunomycin, related to a greatly reduced drug accumulation. Verapamil (Vp) (8 microM) caused a 3.6-fold increase in DNR as well as VCR accumulation. Exposition of 2780AD cells to MRK-16 led to an increase of 30% in cellular accumulation of VCR, both in normal growth medium as well as in medium without added glucose and with sodium azide, which largely depleted cellular ATP levels. No increase in DNR accumulation was found under these conditions. However, in the presence of 8 microM Vp, MRK-16 increased not only VCR but also DNR accumulation with about 30%. The relative increase of DNR accumulation was constant in a concentration range of 0.2-4 microM DNR. These data indicate that mAbs against P-glycoprotein might potentiate the action of calcium antagonists like Vp to increase cellular anthracycline accumulation.     

姜黄素体外增敏抗肿瘤药物作用

目的 探讨姜黄素与抗癌药物长春新碱、阿霉素合用对KB及KBv200细胞的体外杀伤作用。方法 采用MIT法测定药物的体外杀伤作用，用荧光分光光度法进行细胞内阿霉素蓄积测定。结果 姜黄素与长春新碱、阿霉素合用，在KB及KBv200细胞中均有增敏作用。蓄积实验说明，在KBv200细胞，其增敏作用与增加细胞内阿霉素蓄积有关；而在KB细胞中的增敏作用与细胞内阿霉素蓄积量无关。结论 姜黄素通过不同机理增敏抗癌药对敏感细胞KB及其耐药细胞KBv200的毒性。     

SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38-MAPK pathway, is a new reversal agent of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is the plasma membrane transport pump responsible for efflux of chemotherapeutic agents from cells and is one of the systems that secures multidrug resistance (MDR) of neoplastic cells. In the present study, drug sensitive L1210 and multidrug resistant L1210/VCR (characterized by overexpression of P-gp) mouse leukemic cell lines were used as an experimental model. We have found that SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38-MAPK pathway, significantly reduced the degree of the vincristine resistance in L1210/VCR cells. This phenomenon was accompanied by a decrease in the LC(50) value of vincristine from 3.203+/-0.521 to 0.557+/-0.082 microM. The LC(50) value of sensitive cells for vincristine was about 0.011 microM. The effect of SB203580 on L1210/VCR cells was associated with significantly increased intracellular accumulation of [3H]-vincristine in the concentration dependent manner. Prolonged exposure of resistant cells to 30 microM SB203580 did neither significantly influence the gene expression of P-gp, nor change the protein levels of p38-MAPK. Western blot analysis revealed that the MDR phenotype in L1210/VCR cells was associated with increased level and activity of cytosolic p38-MAPK. In resistant cells, the enhanced phosphorylation of both, p38-MAPK and ATF-2 (endogenous substrate for p38-MAPK) was found as well. In conclusion we could remark that SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 kinase pathway, reversed the MDR resistance of L1210/VCR cells. MDR phenotype of these cells is connected with increased levels and activities of p38-MAPK. These findings point to the possible involvement of the p38-MAPK pathway in the modulation of P-gp mediated multidrug resistance in the L1210/VCR mouse leukemic cell line. However, the mechanisms of SB203580 action should be further investigated.     

Improved cellular accumulation is characteristic of anthracyclines which retain high activity in multidrug resistant cell lines, alone or in combination with verapamil or cyclosporin A

We have examined the cellular accumulation of anthracycline compounds, alone or in conjunction with resistance modifiers, in an attempt to identify mechanisms by which multidrug resistance (MDR) can be circumvented. This was facilitated by using the EMT6 mouse mammary tumour cell line EMT6/P and its MDR subline EMT6/AR1.0 with 30-fold resistance to Adriamycin (ADM), and the human small cell lung cancer line H69/P together with its MDR subline H69/LX4 with 100-fold resistance to ADM. Both MDR lines hyperexpress membrane P-170 glycoprotein. The accumulation of ADM was compared to that seen for the anthracycline analogues aclacinomycin A (ACL), Ro 31-1215 and 4'-deoxy-4'-iodo-Adriamycin (iodo-ADM). These analogues were selected because of their high activity against MDR sublines, including H69/LX4 and EMT6/AR1.0. Both MDR cell lines exhibited a deficiency in ADM accumulation compared to the parent lines. Smaller differentials were seen using Ro 31-1215 or iodo-ADM. Both resistant sublines were able to accumulate ACL in identical amounts to their respective parental sublines. Improved drug accumulation is likely to contribute to the improved activity of the analogues against MDR cell lines. However, the relative accumulation defects in the resistant lines did not correlate exactly with the degree of resistance to a particular compound. Cyclosporin A (5 micrograms/ml) or verapamil (3.3 micrograms/ml) caused a preferential increase in uptake in both MDR sublines, with a small or negligible effect for the parental line. A smaller effect was observed with iodo-ADM and Ro 31-1215, and levels of ACL were unchanged in the MDR lines in the presence of either resistance modifier. These results indicate two mechanisms for circumventing drug resistance due to reduced drug accumulation. Structurally modified derivatives can partially or completely eliminate uptake differentials between parent and drug resistant cell lines. Any residual uptake can be eliminated using resistance modifiers. The two mechanisms may both operate via inhibition or circumvention of P-170 mediated efflux. The situation is complex, however, and this study indicates the possible involvement of additional resistance mechanisms.     

野生型p53基因促进长春新碱诱导的细胞凋亡

为探讨VCR与p53介导的细胞凋亡的关系,将野生型p53基因导入一个内源性p53基因重组的多药耐药细胞系 KB_V200,经抗性筛选和杂交鉴定获得外源性p53基因稳定表达的转染细胞系KB_V200-p53。VCR处理细胞后,经电镜及荧光显微镜观察表明KB_V200-p53细胞呈现凋亡的典型形态学特征;而流式细胞术结果显示经600nmol·L^-1的VCR作用24h,KB_V200-p53细胞和KB_V200细胞的凋亡百分数分别为42.4%和8.4%。结果提示野生型p53基因能促进VCR诱导的细胞凋亡,肿瘤细胞对VCR的耐药性可能与细胞内p53基因失活有关。     

复方藤梨根制剂体外对MDR细胞株K562/ADR和K562/VCR细胞积聚和外排阿霉素(ADR)的影响研究

目的 :探讨复方藤梨根制剂 (FFTLG)对肿瘤化疗增敏的作用机理。方法 :以MTT法观察FFTLG对MDR细胞的逆转作用 ,以FCM技术测定FFTLG作用MDR细胞后对阿霉素的积聚和外排影响。结果 :10mg/ml和 2 0mg/ml的FFTLG对K5 6 2 /ADR的逆转倍数是 7.5 3和 10 .31倍 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;2 0mg/ml的FFTLG对K5 6 2 /VCR的逆转倍数是 6 .18倍 ;10mg/ml和2 0mg/ml的FFTLG可增加K5 6 2 /ADR和K5 6 2 /VCR细胞内ADR的积聚分别是 77.6 % ,80 .1%和 5 0 .9% ,4 5 .2 % ,且可减少ADR的外排。结论 :FFTLG通过增加MDR细胞内的ADR积聚及减少外排机制而实现对化疗的增敏作用