木芙蓉叶化学成分研究

目的：研究木芙蓉叶Hibiscus mutabilis的化学成分。方法：采用硅胶柱、C18反相柱、聚酰胺柱色谱分离纯化，通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果：从木芙蓉叶中分离得到10个化合物。根据波谱分析和理化数据，鉴定出其中9个化合物分别为：二十四烷酸（tetracosanoic acid,I)、β－甾醇醇（β－sitosterol,Ⅱ），胡萝卜苷（daucosterol,Ⅲ）、水杨酸（salicylic acid,Ⅳ）、大黄素（emodin,V)、芸香苷（rutin,Ⅵ）、山奈酚－3－O－β－芸香糖苷（kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside,Ⅶ）、山奈酚－3－O－β－刺槐双糖苷（kaempferol-3-O-β-robinobinoside，Ⅷ）及山奈酚－3－O－β－D（6－E－对羟基桂皮酰基）－葡萄糖苷[kaempferol-3-O-β-D-(6-E-p-hydroxycinnamoyl)-glucopyranoside,Ⅸ]。结论：除Ⅱ和Ⅵ，其他化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

沙苑子化学成分研究

目的研究沙苑子总黄酮提取部位的化学成分。方法采用色谱方法分离化学成分,根据波谱数据及理化常数进行结构鉴定。结果共分离鉴定了11个化合物,分别是大麻苷(Ⅰ)、杨梅素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)、异槲皮苷(Ⅲ)、槲皮素3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷(Ⅳ)、毛蕊异黄酮7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ)、芒柄花苷(Ⅵ)、西伯利亚落叶松黄酮3-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)、山奈酚3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅷ)、毛蕊异黄酮(Ⅸ)、沙苑子苷A(Ⅹ)、鼠李柠檬素3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅺ)。结论西伯利亚落叶松黄酮3-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷为首次从该植物中分离的成分。     

菟丝子化学成分的研究

从菟丝子CuscutachinensisL．中分得10个化合物，分别鉴定为新芝麻脂素（neo－sesamin，Ⅰ）、山柰酚（kaempferol，Ⅱ）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D吡喃葡萄糖苷（kaempferol－3－O－β－D－glucopyranoside，Ⅲ）、4＇，4，6－三羟基橙酮（Ⅳ）、槲皮素（Ⅴ）、金丝桃苷（hyperoside，Ⅵ）、软脂酸（palmiticacid，Ⅶ）、硬脂酸（stearicacid，Ⅷ）、β－谷甾醇（β－sitosterol，Ⅸ）和胡萝卜苷（daucosterol，Ⅹ）。其中Ⅰ为新化合物，Ⅱ和Ⅳ为首次从该植物中分得。     

多舌飞蓬黄酮成分的研究

从多舌飞蓬Erigeronmultiradiatus（Wall．）Benth．全草中分得12个化合物，其中7个为黄酮，经理化性质和光谱分析鉴定为：芹菜素（Ⅰ）、槲皮素（Ⅱ）、木犀草素（Ⅲ）、芹菜素－7－O－β－D－葡萄糖醛酸苷即灯盏甲素（Ⅳ）、槲皮素－3－O－β－D－葡萄糖苷即异槲皮苷（Ⅴ）、黄芩素－7－O－β－D－葡萄糖醛酸苷即灯盏乙素（Ⅵ）和黄芩素－7－O－β－D－葡萄糖苷（Ⅶ）。以上化合物均系首次自该植物中分得，其中Ⅴ为首次从该属植物中分得。     

黄精化学成分的研究（Ⅱ）

目的 对黄精Polygonatun sibiricum根茎中的化学成分进行系统研究。方法利用各种柱色谱及薄层制备色谱技术进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质及波谱（IR,UV,^1HNMR,^13CNMR,ESIMS,FAB-MS)分析鉴定其化学结果。结果 从黄精干燥根茎中得到6个化合物和1组混合物,分别鉴定为：（＋）－syringaresinol(Ⅰ）,（＋）－syringaresinol-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅱ）,liriodendrin(Ⅲ)和（＋）－pinoresinol-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基（1→6）－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅳ）,正丁基－β－D－吡喃果糖苷（Ⅴ）,4‘-5,7－三羟基－6,8－二甲基高异黄酮（Ⅵ）和黄精神经鞘苷A,B,C（Ⅶ）。结论 首次从该属植物中分离得到了木脂素类化合物,化合物Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ,均为首次从该属植物中分得,Ⅴ和Ⅵ为首次从该种植物中分得。     

老鹰茶正丁醇部分的化学成分

目的对樟科植物老鹰茶叶醇提取物中正丁醇部分的化学成分进行研究。方法老鹰茶经70%乙醇提取,再经石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇依次萃取,正丁醇部分用大孔树脂、硅胶、Sephadex LH-20以及制备高效液相色谱法等进行分离纯化,通过1H-NMR、13C-NMR、MS等方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从老鹰茶叶的正丁醇部分分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为原儿茶酸、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-(6-O-trans-p-香豆酰基)吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-(6-O-trans-p-香豆酰基)吡喃甘露糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷、反式香豆酸、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯、水杨酸。结论这7种化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Chemical constituents of n-Butanol fraction of Litsea coreana L.

目的 对樟科植物老鹰茶叶醇提取物中正丁醇部分的化学成分进行研究.方法 老鹰茶经70%乙醇提取,再经石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇依次萃取,正丁醇部分用大孔树脂、硅胶、Sephadex LH-20以及制备高效液相色谱法等进行分离纯化,通过1H-NMR、13C-NMR、MS等方法鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从老鹰茶叶的正丁醇部分分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为原儿茶酸、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-(6-O-trans-p-香豆酰基) 吡喃葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-β-D-(6-O-trans-p-香豆酰基) 吡喃甘露糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷、反式香豆酸、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯、水杨酸.结论 这7种化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

合欢皮化学成分的分离鉴定

目的；研究合欢皮的化学成分。方法：用色谱法和波谱方法对合欢皮的化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定。结果：共得到5个化合物：（－）－丁香树脂酚－4－O－β－D－呋喃芹糖基－（1→2）－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）（6R）－2－反式－2，6－二甲基－6－O－β－D－吡喃鸡纳糖基－2，7－辛二烯酸（2）、（6S）－2－反式－2，6－二甲基－6－O－β－D－吡喃鸡纳糖基－2，7－辛二烯酸（3）、5，5′-dimethoxy-7-oxolariciressinol(4)和（－）－丁香树脂酚（5）。结论：化合物2，3和4为首次从合欢皮中分离得到的新的天然产物。     

拳参的DNA裂解活性成分研究

目的：研究蓼科植物拳参的水溶性成分，并测试其DNA裂解活性。方法：利用反相层析的方法进行分离纯化，根据化合物的化学性质与光谱数据鉴定其结构。结果：自拳参根茎的60％丙酮提取物中分得10个化合物，确定其结构分别为没食子酸（I），色氨酸（Ⅱ），2，6－二羟基苯甲酸（Ⅲ），（＋）－儿茶素（Ⅳ），绿原酸（Ⅴ），（－）-表儿茶素5－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅵ），（＋）－儿茶素－7－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅶ），1－（3－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖革－4，5－二羟基－苯基）－乙酮（Ⅷ），（＋）-儿茶素－5－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅸ）和（－）-表儿茶素（Ⅹ）。结论：化合物Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅴ-Ⅹ为首次从该植物中分得，化合物Ⅰ，Ⅳ，Ⅵ，Ⅶ，Ⅸ，Ⅹ具有很强的DNA裂解活性。     

青钱柳中一个新的酯苷类化合物

对青钱柳[Cyclocarya paliurus(Batalin)Iljinskaja]叶的乙醇提取物正丁醇萃取部位进行化学成分研究。综合应用硅胶、MCI、ODS、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱等多种色谱技术进行分离纯化，从中分离得到8个糖苷类化合物。根据理化性质及光谱数据分别鉴定为3-乙基-4-甲基戊酯-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）、胡桃苷E(2)、（4S）-α-松油醇-8-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（3）、（4S）-α-松油醇-8-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4）、丁子香酚-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖-（1→6）-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（5）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甲酯（6）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄醛酸苷（7）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄醛酸苷（8）。其中化合物1为新化合物，化合物2～6为首次从青钱柳属中分离得到。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.