原发性高血压患者血压变异性及昼夜节律与左室肥厚的关系

目的 探讨原发性高血压患者血压变异性及血压昼夜节律与心室肥厚的关系.方法 连续入选2010 年8 月至2012 年1 月,于中国医科大学附属第一医院心血管内科住院的原发性高血压患者共93例,根据超声心动图测量指标计算所得的左心室重量指数(LVMI)分为左心室肥厚(LVH)组与无LVH 组;再根据24 h 动态血压监测获得的结果分为血压晨峰组与无血压晨峰组,杓型血压组与非杓型血压组.分析比较24 h 血压、白昼和夜间血压均值、血压变异性、血压昼夜节律及晨峰与心室肥厚的相关性.结果 ①与无LVH 组相比,LVH 组24 小时收缩压(24 h SBP)、24 小时舒张压(24 h DBP)、白昼收缩压(dSBP)、白昼舒张压(dDBP)、夜间收缩压(nSBP)和夜间舒张压(nDBP)均升高,P<0.01;LVH 组24 小时平均收缩压标准差(24 hSSD)高于无LVH 组,P<0.05,但两组24 小时平均舒张压标准差(24 h DSD)无差别;与无LVH 组相比,LVH组夜间收缩压标准差(nSSD)和夜间舒张压标准差(dDSD)升高,P<0.01;但白昼收缩压标准差(dSSD)和白昼舒张压标准差(dDSD)无差别.②血压晨峰组LVMI 高于无血压晨峰组,P<0.05;血压晨峰组LVH 比率也高于无血压晨峰组,P<0.01;与无血压晨峰组相比,血压晨峰组24 h SBP、dSBP 和nSBP 均增高,P<0.05,但两组24 h DBP、dDBP 和nDBP 无差别.③杓型血压组LVMI 低于非杓形血压组,P<0.05;杓型血压组LVH 比率低于非杓形血压组,P<0.01;与非杓形血压组相比,杓型血压组nSBP、nDBP 均降低,P<0.01;而两组24 hSBP、24 h DBP、dSBP、dDBP 差异无统计学意义.结论 原发性高血压患者LVH 的发生与血压变异性和血压晨峰密切相关.具有血压晨峰的患者和血压昼夜节律消失的非杓型高血压患者更易出现LVH.     

原发性高血压患者血压变异性与糖尿病的相关性

目的探讨合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)的高血压患者与单纯原发性高血压患者动态血压水平及血压变异性的相关性。方法以800例合并T2DM的原发性高血压患者及800例单纯原发性高血压患者为研究对象,监测研究对象日间、夜间及24 h收缩压及舒张压变异性,并进行对比分析,研究原发性高血压患者血压变异性与糖尿病的相关性。结果高血压合并T2DM组24 h平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压均明显高于高血压组(均P0.05),高血压合并T2DM组收缩压昼夜差值、舒张压昼夜差值均明显低于高血压组(均P0.05);高血压合并T2DM组24 h收缩压标准差、日间收缩压标准差、日间收缩压变异系数、夜间收缩压标准差、夜间收缩压变异系数、夜间舒张标准差、血压晨峰均明显高于高血压组(均P0.05);经相关分析发现,患者血糖水平与24 h收缩压标准差、24 h收缩压变异系数、日间收缩压标准差、日间收缩压变异系数、日间舒张标准差、日间舒张压变异系数、夜间舒张标准差、血压晨峰呈正相关(均P0.05)。结论原发性高血压合并T2DM患者血压变异性较单纯原发性高血压患者增大,提示糖尿病合并原发性高血压时对患者昼夜血压调节损害较大并可能与血糖水平有关。     

原发性高血压患者血压与心率变异性的关系探讨

目的;探讨原发性高血压(EH)患者血压与心率变异性(HRV)的关系。方法:45例原发性高血压患者药物治疗1年(血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂,钙离子拮抗剂),治疗前、后测血压与24小时动态心电图,进行HRV时域和频域分析,并与63例正常人对照。结果:(1)EH组患者治疗后血压明显降低(P<0.05);(2)与正常组比较,EH组治疗前时域分析与频域分析各项参数均减低,差异显著(P<0.05);(3)HE患者经治疗后HRV各项参数,特别是SDNN、SDANN、LF、HF有显著改善(P<0.05)。结论:降压治疗可以改善心血管自主神经功能。     

原发性高血压患者血压变异性分析

目的探讨原发性高血压病(EH)血压变异性(BPV)变化的临床意义。方法对204例EH者(A组)和92例正常人(B组)进行24h动态血压监测(ABPM),以测得的各时间段血压标准差(SD)作为BPV指标。结果与B组比较,EH者长时BPV明显增大(P<0.05)。两组白天BPV大于夜间,收缩压变异大于舒张压变异。结论EH者BPV明显高于正常人。     

晨峰高血压患者血压的昼夜节律变化

目的分析具有晨峰现象的老年高血压患者的血压昼夜节律性变化特点。方法对90例血压正常对照者及113例原发性高血压患者分别行24 h动态血压监测,按照晨峰数值≥35 mm Hg将高血压患者分为晨峰组与非晨峰组,根据夜间血压下降率特点分为杓型(夜间血压下降率≥10%,但20%)与非杓型,非杓型进一步划分为浅杓型(夜间血压下降率10%)、超杓型(夜间血压下降率≥20%)、反杓型(夜间不下降,即0%)。结果 1高血压组昼夜节律异常(非杓型)者比例(62.8%)较对照组(23.3%)明显升高(P0.05)。2晨峰高血压组内具有浅杓型(30.3%)、超杓型(25%)、反杓型(14.5%)特征的患者比例与对照组(10.0%、8.9%、4.4%)相比均明显升高(P0.05)。3昼夜节律异常(非杓型)者比例在晨峰高血压组内(69.7%)与非晨峰高血压组(48.6%)之间相比升高(P0.05)。4晨峰高血压组内具有浅杓型特征的患者比例(30.3%)与非晨峰组(10.8%)相比明显升高(P0.05)。晨峰高血压组内具有超杓型(25%)、反杓型(14.5%)特征的患者比例较非晨峰组(24.3%、13.5%)高,但两者无差异(P0.05)。结论晨峰高血压患者昼夜节律异常主要表现为浅杓型的特点。     

原发性高血压患者晨峰血压与血尿酸的相关性

目的探讨原发性高血压(EH)患者晨峰血压(MBPS)与血尿酸(UA)的关系。方法入选2014年11月至2015年12月住院的EH患者为研究组(n=195),另入选同期健康体检者为正常对照组(n=88)。对研究组行24 h动态血压监测,根据监测结果将研究组分为晨峰组(n=93)、非晨峰组(n=102);禁食12 h后于动态血压监测当天早晨行UA、空腹血糖(FPG)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDLC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、尿素氮、肌酐(SCr)检测,并记录临床数据。结果研究组UA高于正常对照组,晨峰组高于非晨峰组(P<0.05)。相关分析提示MBPS与UA呈正相关(r=0.384,P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示UA水平与MBPS呈独立正相关(B=0.05,P<0.01)。结论 UA与高血压密切相关,并且与MBPS呈正相关,是晨峰血压的一个独立影响因素。     

动态血压变异性与高血压左心室肥厚的关系探讨

24小时动态血压监测 (2 4ｈＡＢＰＭ)广泛应用于临床 ,为高血压病及其合并症的诊断和治疗开辟新的途径。高血压左心室肥厚 (ＬＶＨ)不仅与血压水平有关 ,而且还可能与血压变异性相关。血压变异性表示血压波动程度。血压变异性与高血压ＬＶＨ之间的关系目前还不十分清楚 ,研究结     

老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰与年龄的相关性

<正>正常人群血压存在明显的节律性,即表现为"两峰一谷",即白天血压波动在较高水平,晚上20:00时血压逐渐下降,至夜里2:00~3:00时降至最低谷,凌晨血压又复上升,至上午6:00~8:00时达到最高峰,然后血压持续波动在较高水平,至下午16:00~18:00时出现第2个高峰,以后逐渐下降〔1〕。研究显示,部分高血压患者尽管其血压控制在正常范围,但其靶     

原发性高血压患者早餐餐后低血压与血压晨峰的相关性

目的分析原发性高血压患者早餐餐后低血压(postprandial hypotension,PPH)与血压晨峰的相关性。方法将行24 h动态血压监测的原发性高血压患者135例分三组,其中仅有原发性高血压组(非PPH组)45例,合并早餐餐后低血压组45例,合并中晚餐餐后低血压组45例,观察三组平均血压、血压负荷值、勺型率、血压变异性及晨峰值等指标。结果 (1)合并早餐餐后低血压组24 h、日间、夜间收缩压变异性及24 h、日间舒张压变异性明显高于非PPH组及合并中晚餐餐后低血压组,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)合并早餐餐后低血压组患者血压晨峰值及晨峰发生率明显高于非PPH组及合并中晚餐餐后低血压组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)餐前血压越高越容易发生餐后低血压,餐前血压与餐后血压下降值成正相关(r=0.548,P0.001),早餐餐前血压与早餐后血压下降值成正相关(r=0.623,P0.001)。结论餐前血压越高越易发生餐后低血压,早餐餐后低血压患者血压变异性增高,更易发生晨峰现象。     

Morning blood pressure surge varies with age and gender in hypertensive individuals

Many studies revealed that most cardio-cerebrovascular events were closely related to morning blood pressure surge (MBPS). The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship of MBPS with age and gender in hypertensive individuals, morning blood pressures of a total of 1100 cases with primary hypertension were analyzed. In our study, the morning systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) of hypertensives with MBPS were all higher (P<0.01). MBPS values were correlated with age (r=0.061, P<0.05). In hypertensive individuals with MBPS, morning SBP and PP increased while morning DBP decreased (P<0.01) as patients aged. Morning DBP and MAP of female patients were lower while morning PP was higher (P<0.01). These results indicated that MBPS was associated with both age and gender in hypertensive individuals.     

Morning surge in blood pressure and blood pressure variability in Asia: Evidence and statement from the HOPE Asia Network

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. To effectively prevent end‐organ damage, maintain vascular integrity and reduce morbidity and mortality, it is essential to decrease and adequately control blood pressure (BP) throughout each 24‐hour period. Exaggerated early morning BP surge (EMBS) is one component of BP variability (BPV), and has been associated with an increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular events, independently of 24‐hour average BP. BPV includes circadian, short‐term and long‐term components, and can best be documented using out‐of‐office techniques such as ambulatory and/or home BP monitoring. There is a large body of evidence linking both BPV and EMBS with increased rates of adverse cardio‐ and cerebrovascular events, and end‐organ damage. Differences in hypertension and related cardiovascular disease rates have been reported between Western and Asian populations, including a higher rate of stroke, higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome, greater salt sensitivity and more common high morning and nocturnal BP readings in Asians. This highlights a need for BP management strategies that take into account ethnic differences. In general, long‐acting antihypertensives that control BP throughout the 24‐hour period are preferred; amlodipine and telmisartan have been shown to control EMBS more effectively than valsartan. Home and ambulatory BP monitoring should form an essential part of hypertension management, with individualized pharmacotherapy to achieve optimal 24‐hour BP control particularly the EMBS and provide the best cardio‐ and cerebrovascular protection. Future research should facilitate better understanding of BPV, allowing optimization of strategies for the detection and treatment of hypertension to reduce adverse outcomes.     

不同血压分级的原发性高血压患者心率变异性分析

目的 探讨不同高血压分级患者的心率变异性（HRV）特征,了解高血压对自主神经功能的影响.方法 纳入2011年6月-2012年6月我院心内科高血压患者（n=167）及健康对照组（n=50）,进一步根据〈中国高血压防治指南〉血压分级标准将高血压组分为：高血压1级组[140 mmHg≤收缩压（SBP）＜160 mmHg和/或90 mmHg≤舒张压（DBP）≤100 mmHg,n=45]、高血压2级组（160≤SBP＜180 mmHg和/或100 mmHg≤DBP≤110 mmHg,n=57）、高血压3级组（SBP≥180 mmHg和/或DBP≥110 mmHg,n=65）,采用24小时动态心电图记录的各组研究对象的HRV资料,分析和比较各组间HRV的5项时域指标SDNN、SDANN、HRV三角指数、RMSSD、PNN50之间的差异.结果 3组高血压组的5项HRV时域指标均低于健康对照组（P＜0.05）;高血压1级组、高血压2级组、高血压3级组三组之间的5项时域指标依次降低,其中SDNN、SDANN、HRV三角指数在对照组、高血压1级组、高血压2级组、高血压3级组任意两组之间比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）.结论 高血压患者存在自主神经功能受损,并且随着血压分级水平的升高,自主神经受损逐渐加重.     

糖尿病对高血压患者动态血压及血压变异性的影响

目的 探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）对原发性高血压（EH）患者动态血压（ambulatory blood pressure，ABP）及血压变异性（blood pressure variability，BPV）的影响。方法 选取36例单纯EH及33例合并T2DM的EH患者，行24hABP监测，对2组患者的ABP及BPV进行对比分析。结果 与单纯EH患者相比，合并T2DM的EH患者日间平均收缩压（dmSBP）（P〈0，05）、日间脉压（dmPP）（P〈0.01）、日间收缩压标准差（dSBPSD）（P〈0.01）及日间收缩压标准差变异系数（dSBPCV）（P〈0．05）显著增大。结论 T2DM加重EH患者心血管系统的结构与功能异常，引起ABP及BPV增大；改善其体内糖代谢状况，将有助于改善其心血管系统血流动力学，从而减少心血管并发症。     

Morning versus evening amlodipine treatment: effect on circadian blood pressure profile in essential hypertensive patients

OBJECTIVE: To determine the antihypertensive efficacy and the potential impact on circadian blood pressure pattern of morning versus evening administration of amlodipine to essential hypertensive patients. METHODS: Twelve mild-to-moderate essential hypertensives were investigated in this open, randomized cross-over study. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured by use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring after a wash-out period of 1 week and after treatment schedules with 5 mg amlodipine once a day either at 0800 h or at 2000 h for 3 weeks. Effects were evaluated by linear and rhythm analysis using the ABPM-FIT program. RESULTS: Both morning and evening administrations of amlodipine significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressures during daytime. However, due to baseline values being lower during night-time, a significant (P < 0.05) reduction was observed only in systolic, not in diastolic, blood pressure. Maximal blood pressure values were significantly (P 相似文献   

高血压病合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的血压昼夜节律研究

研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停对高血压病患血压昼夜节律的影响。方法１８４例研究对象根据诊所血压、２４小时动态血压和多导睡眠图监测结果分为正常对照组、高血压组、高血压病合并轻度或中重度睡眠呼吸暂停组。比较睡眠呼吸暂停指数、睡眠结构对血压昼夜节律的影响。     

Forearm haemodynamics and blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients

Ambulatory blood pressure variability and forearm haemodynamics were measured in 23 untreated hypertensive patients with a mean casual blood pressure of 162/102(11/9) mmHg (without target organ damage). There was a good inverse correlation between blood pressure variability and the ability of the forearm resistance vessels to dilate after a period of venous occlusion. Previous work has shown that this vasodilatory component of the response to forearm venous occlusion is significantly reduced in hypertensive patients compared with normotensive controls and is probably an indicator of the compliance properties of these vessels. The present results suggest that blood pressure variability is greater when resistance vessels are stiffer and emphasise the need to account for this vascular factor in studies of blood pressure behaviour.